19 results on '"MIYAKE, Norimune"'
Search Results
2. Laboratory studies of stratospheric dust : relevance to the theory of cometary panspermia
- Author
-
Miyake, Norimune
- Subjects
523.6 - Abstract
This thesis presents results of laboratory investigations of stratospheric dust that have a direct bearing on the theory of cometary panspermia. Chapter 1 deals with the historical backdrop to panspermia theories, with a summary of recent relevant work on comets, meteorites and IDP's (Interplanetary Dust Particles). In Chapter 2 I describe the techniques that have been used over several decades to collect stratospheric dust with a view to identifying a cometary and possible biological components. The Cryosampler technique deployed by ISRO in 2001 provides the best hope for preserving small fragile particles of cometary origin, even those of possible biological provenance. The source material for my laboratory investigations was collected using the Cryosampler technique in a balloon flight on 21 January 2001. The description of techniques for stratospheric air collection, extraction of aerosols, analysis by SEM, EDX and the results of my investigations using these techniques form the main bulk of Chapter 3. Over 30 individual IDP's were imaged, analysed, catalogued and classified. Many biologically relevant particles including putative bacterial spores and nanobacteria were discovered. In Chapter 4 DNA extracts from the stratospheric samples were analysed using PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Evidence of actinobacteria (96% homology) and chloroplast sequences (99% homology) point to an extraterrestrial origin of these genes. Arguments for contamination are discussed, and ruled out. In Chapter 5 present a preliminary analysis of the 2001 Kerala Red Rain samples. SEM, TEM images were obtained, and staining tests for DNA carried out. The origin of the red rain cells remains inconclusive.
- Published
- 2008
3. A report on the 2017-2019 balloon experiments of the stratospheric bioaerosol sampling (Biopause project)
- Author
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MIYAKE, Norimune, ONO, Sohsuke, ISHIBASHI, Ko, KAWAGUCHI, Yuko, OKUDAIRA, Osamu, MAEDA, Keisuke, IIJIMA, Issei, KAKEHASHI, Yuya, YAMADA, Manabu, KATO, Kenichi, YAMADA, Kazuhiko, TAKAHASHI, Yusuke, YAMAGISHI, Akihiko, SEGAWA, Takahiro, NONAKA, Satoshi, FUKE, Hideyuki, YOSHIDA, Tetsuya, and MATSUI, Takafumi
- Subjects
stratospheric aerosol ,biopause ,balloon experiment ,extremophile ,bioaerosol - Abstract
Biopauseプロジェクトでは、地球生命圏の上端“biopause”を理解するために成層圏微生物の採取実験を行っている。我々が新規開発した世界初の降下式インパクター型試料採取装置を搭載したJAXA(宇宙航空研究開発機構)の大気球を用いた第一回目となる2016年度実験では、成層圏微粒子の採取に成功した。次のステップとして、成層圏微生物の鉛直分布を把握するため、同時同地点異高度における試料採取を2017年度、並びに2019年度大気球実験にて行った。また、成層圏における培養可能な微生物と非培養な微生物の比率を推定し先行研究との定量的な比較を行うため、培養法分析も同時に行った。実験が成功した2019年度実験の結果から、非培養性微生物を含めた成層圏由来の微生物は一切検出されず、実験時における採取高度では微生物の存在量が検出限界未満であったことが示された。本稿では、2017年度と2019年度にJAXA共同利用実験として実施された本プロジェクトの大気球実験の概要とその分析結果について報告する。, The aim of Biopause project is to conduct a sequence of bioaerosol sampling in the stratosphere, in order to determine the location of ''biopause'', the upper boundary of the biosphere. By using JAXA's scientific balloons equipped with our newly developed world's first descending inertial impactor-style sampling device, we managed to collect some stratospheric bioaerosols in 2016. For the next step, to understand a vertical distribution of those stratospheric bioaerosols, we conducted the simultaneous bioaerosol sampling at the same location different altitudes in 2017 and 2019. We also carried out the cultivation analysis to have a quantitative comparison between culturable and unculturable stratospheric microorganisms. The results of a successful experiment in 2019 show the collection of zero number of bioaerosols including unculturable stratospheric microorganisms, which indicates the number of microorganisms at that time and altitudes of sampling was below the detection limit of our experimental methods. In this paper, we report the results from both balloon experiments of the Biopause project in 2017 and 2019., 形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: AA2030024001, レポート番号: JAXA-RR-20-009
- Published
- 2021
4. 成層圏微生物採取実験Biopauseプロジェクト:B21-06実験報告
- Author
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ONO, Sosuke, MIYAKE, Norimune, OKUDAIRA, Shu, ISHIBASHI, Ko, MAEDA, Keisuke, KAWAGUCHI, Yuko, YAMADA, Manabu, MATSUI, Takafumi, YAMAGISHI, Akihiko, YAMATANI, Masahiro, IIJIMA, Issei, YAMADA, Kazuhiko, NONAKA, Satoshi, FUKE, Hideyuki, YOSHIDA, Tetsuya, SEGAWA, Takahiro, TAKAHASHI, Yusuke, and KATO, Kenichi
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 2021年度(2021年11月1-2日. オンライン開催), Balloon Symposium 2021 (November 1-2, 2021. Online Meeting), 著者人数: 18名PDF再処理の為、2023年3月24日に差替, 資料番号: SA6000166029, レポート番号: isas21-sbs-029
- Published
- 2021
5. 成層圏における微生物採取実験Biopauseプロジェクト
- Author
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OHNO, Sohsuke, MIYAKE, Norimune, OKUDAIRA, Osamu, ISHIBASHI, Ko, MAEDA, Keisuke, KAWAGUCHI, Yuko, YAMADA, Manabu, MATSUI, Takafumi, YAMAGISHI, Akihiko, IIJIMA, Issei, KAKEHASHI, Yuya, YAMADA, Kazuhiko, NONAKA, Satoshi, FUKE, Hideyuki, YOSHIDA, Tetsuya, SEGAWA, Takahiro, TAKAHASHI, Yusuke, and KATO, Kenichi
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 2020年度(2020年11月5-6日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2020 (November 5-6, 2020. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 18名, 資料番号: SA6000151019, レポート番号: isas20-sbs-019
- Published
- 2020
6. A report on the B16-02 balloon experiment: Biopause-bioaerosol sampling at the stratosphere
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Kakehashi, Yuya, Okudaira, Osamu, Yamada, Manabu, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Takahashi, Yusuke, Harada, Daiki, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Segawa, Takahiro, Nonaka, Satoshi, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, Yamanouchi, Kazuya, Kobayashi, Masanori, Fuke, Hideyuki, Yoshida, Tetsuya, and Matsui, Takafumi
- Subjects
stratospheric aerosol ,biopause ,balloon experiment ,extremophile ,bioaerosol - Abstract
地球生命圏の上端biopause、あるいは地球/地球外間の生命の流入/脱出の有無を確認することは、生命の普遍性や起源、進化、分布を理解する上で非常に重要である。地球/地球外間の生命の流入/脱出の有無を確認する最も直接的な鍵は地球中層大気での生物分布にある。我々は中層大気中での微生物の動態を包括的に理解するため、JAXA(宇宙航空研究開発機構)の大気球を用いた成層圏微生物採取実験(Biopause プロジェクト)を行っている。2016 年度に行った第一回目の大気球実験では、新規開発した降下式インパクター型試料採取装置を用いた、成層圏微粒子の採取に成功した。また、培養できないものも含めた成層圏微生物数密度の上限値を世界で初めて観測することに成功した。本稿では、第一回目の大気球実験の概要と初期分析の結果を報告する。, The location of 'biopause', the upper boundary of the biosphere, and the biological flux across the biopause on Earth are the key to understand the universality and distribution as well as the origin and evolution of life in the universe. The most direct information to elucidate the biopause is the distribution and dynamicity of life in the middle atmosphere. We carried out a scientific project named 'Biopause' using JAXA's scientific balloons in order to grasp the dynamics of biological flux in the stratosphere, i.e. the lower middle atmosphere, comprehensively. Our first balloon experiment was conducted on June 8, 2016 and collected aerosol particles in the stratosphere using a newly developed descending inertial impactor. We estimated the number density of the stratospheric microbes including the unculturable ones for the first time in the world. In this paper, we summarize the balloon experiment and the initial results of the sample analysis., 形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: AA1730017002, レポート番号: JAXA-RR-17-007
- Published
- 2018
7. 成層圏における微生物捕獲実験 Biopause IV
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Okudaira, Osamu, Maeda, Keisuke, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Yamada, Manabu, Matsui, Takafumi, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Iijima, Issei, Kakehashi, Tomoya, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Fuke, Hideyuki, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Segawa, Takahiro, and Takahashi, Yusuke
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 2019年度(2019年11月7-8日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2019 (November 7-8, 2019. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 17名, 資料番号: SA6000140002, レポート番号: isas19-sbs-002
- Published
- 2019
8. 成層圏における微生物捕獲実験Biopause III
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Okudaira, Osamu, Maeda, Keisuke, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Yamada, Manabu, Matsui, Takafumi, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Kakehashi, Tomoya, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Segawa, Takahiro, Takahashi, Yusuke, Iijima, Issei, Fuke, Hideyuki, and Yoshida, Tetsuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成30年度(2018年11月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2018 (November 1-2, 2018. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 17名, 資料番号: SA6000128022, レポート番号: isas18-sbs-022
- Published
- 2018
9. Balloon Experiments for Sampling Stratospheric Bioaerosol: The Biopause Project
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Miyake, Norimune, Okudaira, Osamu, Ishibashi, Ko, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Kakehashi, Yuya, Maeda, Keisuke, Yamada, Manabu, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Fuke, Hideyuki, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Takahashi, Yusuke, Nonaka, Satoshi, Segawa, Takahiro, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, Yamanouchi, Kazuya, and Matsui, Takafumi
- Abstract
第18回宇宙科学シンポジウム (2018年1月9日-10日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)相模原キャンパス), 相模原市, 神奈川県, 18th Space Science Symposium (January 9-10, 2018. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)Sagamihara Campus), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 19名, 資料番号: SA6000118077, レポート番号: P-044
- Published
- 2018
10. Balloon Experiments for Sampling Stratospheric Bioaerosol: The Biopause Project
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Miyake, Norimune, Okudaira, Osamu, Ishibashi, Ko, Maeda, Keisuke, Yamada, Manabu, Matsui, Takafumi, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Segawa, Takahiro, Takahashi, Yusuke, Harada, Daiki, Ishikawa, Yuko, Yamanouchi, Kazuya, Kakehashi, Yuya, Fuke, Hideyuki, and Yoshida, Tetsuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成29年度(2017年11月9-10日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2017 (November 9-10, 2017. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 20名, 資料番号: SA6000103002, レポート番号: isas17-sbs-002
- Published
- 2017
11. A report on the B16-02 balloon experiment and the future plan: Biopause?stratospheric bioaerosol sampling at the stratosphere
- Author
-
Ohno, Sohsuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Okudaira, Osamu, Yamada, Manabu, Kobayashi, Masanori, Matsui, Takafumi, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Segawa, Takahiro, Takahashi, Yusuke, Harada, Daiki, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, Yamamouchi, Kazuya, Kakehashi, Yuya, Fuke, Hideyuki, and Yoshida, Tetsuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成28年度(2016年11月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2016 (November 1-2, 2016. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 20名, 資料番号: SA6000057008, レポート番号: isas16-sbs-008
- Published
- 2016
12. Properties of a new fluorescent cytosine analogue, pyrrolocytosine
- Author
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Thompson, Katherine C. and Miyake, Norimune
- Subjects
Nucleic acids -- Research ,Pyrrole -- Research ,Hydrogen bonding -- Research ,Cytosine -- Chemical properties ,Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries - Abstract
The effects of both the stacking and hydrogen bonding on the fluorescence of pyrrolocytosine are reported. The results of the study suggest that the reduced fluorescence of pyrrolocytosine observed when the molecule is incorporated into a helical portion of nucleic acid results from an interaction with the bases stacked above pyrrolocytosine that reduces the oscillator strength for the transition from the (pi)(pi)* excited state back to the ground state.
- Published
- 2005
13. 成層圏における微生物捕獲実験: biopauseプロジェクト
- Author
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JAXA大気球実験グループ, Ono, Sosuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Yamada, Manabu, Kobayashi, Masanori, Matsui, Takafumi, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Nitahara, Shota, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Segawa, Takahiro, Kondo, Shinji, Takahashi, Yusuke, Harada, Daiki, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, Yamamouchi, Kazuya, Kakehashi, Yuya, Fuke, Hideyuki, and Yoshida, Tetsuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成27年度(2015年11月5-6日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2015 (November 5-6, 2015. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 22名ほか, 資料番号: SA6000044021, レポート番号: isas15-sbs-021
- Published
- 2015
14. 成層圏における微生物捕獲実験
- Author
-
Ono, Sosuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Matsui, Takafumi, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Nitahara, Shota, Segawa, Takahiro, Kondo, Shinji, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Takahashi, Yusuke, Harada, Daiki, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, and Yamamouchi, Kazuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成26年度(2014年11月6-7日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2014 (November 6-7, 2014. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 16名, 資料番号: SA6000021030, レポート番号: isas14-sbs-030
- Published
- 2014
15. 成層圏における微生物生態調査
- Author
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Ohno, Sohsuke, Ishibashi, Ko, Miyake, Norimune, Kobayashi, Masanori, Matsui, Takafumi, Yamagishi, Akihiko, Nitahara, Shota, Kawaguchi, Yuko, Segawa, Takahiro, Kondo, Shinji, Yamada, Kazuhiko, Nonaka, Satoshi, Ishikawa, Yuko, Tokoro, Gensuke, and Yamanouchi, Kazuya
- Abstract
大気球シンポジウム 平成25年度(2013年11月14-15日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2013 (November 14-15, 2013. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 15名, 資料番号: SA6000065030, レポート番号: isas13-sbs-030
- Published
- 2013
16. Functions and Possible Provenance of Primordial Proteins
- Author
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Sommer, Andrei P., primary, Miyake, Norimune, additional, Wickramasinghe, N. Chandra, additional, Narlikar, Jayant V., additional, and Al-Mufti, Shirwan, additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Laboratory studies of stratospheric dust: Relevance to the theory of cometary panspermia
- Author
-
Miyake, Norimune
- Subjects
QB - Abstract
This thesis presents results of laboratory investigations of stratospheric dust that have a direct bearing on the theory of cometary panspermia. Chapter 1 deals with the historical backdrop to panspermia theories, with a summary of recent relevant work on comets, meteorites and IDP's (Interplanetary Dust Particles). In Chapter 2 I describe the techniques that have been used over several decades to collect stratospheric dust with a view to identifying a cometary and possible biological components. The Cryosampler technique deployed by ISRO in 2001 provides the best hope for preserving small fragile particles of cometary origin, even those of possible biological provenance. The source material for my laboratory investigations was collected using the Cryosampler technique in a balloon flight on 21 January 2001. The description of techniques for stratospheric air collection, extraction of aerosols, analysis by SEM, EDX and the results of my investigations using these techniques form the main bulk of Chapter 3. Over 30 individual IDP's were imaged, analysed, catalogued and classified. Many biologically relevant particles including putative bacterial spores and nanobacteria were discovered. In Chapter 4 DNA extracts from the stratospheric samples were analysed using PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Evidence of actinobacteria (96% homology) and chloroplast sequences (99% homology) point to an extraterrestrial origin of these genes. Arguments for contamination are discussed, and ruled out. In Chapter 5 present a preliminary analysis of the 2001 Kerala Red Rain samples. SEM, TEM images were obtained, and staining tests for DNA carried out. The origin of the red rain cells remains inconclusive.
18. Laboratory studies of stratospheric dust: Relevance to the theory of cometary panspermia
- Author
-
Miyake, Norimune and Miyake, Norimune
- Abstract
This thesis presents results of laboratory investigations of stratospheric dust that have a direct bearing on the theory of cometary panspermia. Chapter 1 deals with the historical backdrop to panspermia theories, with a summary of recent relevant work on comets, meteorites and IDP's (Interplanetary Dust Particles). In Chapter 2 I describe the techniques that have been used over several decades to collect stratospheric dust with a view to identifying a cometary and possible biological components. The Cryosampler technique deployed by ISRO in 2001 provides the best hope for preserving small fragile particles of cometary origin, even those of possible biological provenance. The source material for my laboratory investigations was collected using the Cryosampler technique in a balloon flight on 21 January 2001. The description of techniques for stratospheric air collection, extraction of aerosols, analysis by SEM, EDX and the results of my investigations using these techniques form the main bulk of Chapter 3. Over 30 individual IDP's were imaged, analysed, catalogued and classified. Many biologically relevant particles including putative bacterial spores and nanobacteria were discovered. In Chapter 4 DNA extracts from the stratospheric samples were analysed using PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Evidence of actinobacteria (96% homology) and chloroplast sequences (99% homology) point to an extraterrestrial origin of these genes. Arguments for contamination are discussed, and ruled out. In Chapter 5 present a preliminary analysis of the 2001 Kerala Red Rain samples. SEM, TEM images were obtained, and staining tests for DNA carried out. The origin of the red rain cells remains inconclusive.
19. Laboratory studies of stratospheric dust: Relevance to the theory of cometary panspermia
- Author
-
Miyake, Norimune and Miyake, Norimune
- Abstract
This thesis presents results of laboratory investigations of stratospheric dust that have a direct bearing on the theory of cometary panspermia. Chapter 1 deals with the historical backdrop to panspermia theories, with a summary of recent relevant work on comets, meteorites and IDP's (Interplanetary Dust Particles). In Chapter 2 I describe the techniques that have been used over several decades to collect stratospheric dust with a view to identifying a cometary and possible biological components. The Cryosampler technique deployed by ISRO in 2001 provides the best hope for preserving small fragile particles of cometary origin, even those of possible biological provenance. The source material for my laboratory investigations was collected using the Cryosampler technique in a balloon flight on 21 January 2001. The description of techniques for stratospheric air collection, extraction of aerosols, analysis by SEM, EDX and the results of my investigations using these techniques form the main bulk of Chapter 3. Over 30 individual IDP's were imaged, analysed, catalogued and classified. Many biologically relevant particles including putative bacterial spores and nanobacteria were discovered. In Chapter 4 DNA extracts from the stratospheric samples were analysed using PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Evidence of actinobacteria (96% homology) and chloroplast sequences (99% homology) point to an extraterrestrial origin of these genes. Arguments for contamination are discussed, and ruled out. In Chapter 5 present a preliminary analysis of the 2001 Kerala Red Rain samples. SEM, TEM images were obtained, and staining tests for DNA carried out. The origin of the red rain cells remains inconclusive.
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