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8 results on '"MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM"'

1. Implications of stochastic effects for primordial black hole production in ultra-slow-roll inflation

Author

Daniel G. Figueroa, Sami Raatikainen, Syksy Räsänen, Eemeli Tomberg, Helsinki Institute of Physics, and Department of Physics

Subjects
DECOHERENCE, DYNAMICS, dark matter theory, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS, TO-CLASSICAL TRANSITION, primordial black holes, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, COSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONS, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, 114 Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, SCALAR FIELD, DENSITY PERTURBATIONS, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, PHASE-TRANSITION, massive black holes, inflation, UNIVERSE SCENARIO, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the impact of stochastic noise on the generation of primordial black hole (PBH) seeds in ultra-slow-roll (USR) inflation with numerical simulations. We consider the non-linearity of the system by consistently taking into account the noise dependence on the inflaton perturbations, while evolving the perturbations on the coarse-grained background affected by the noise. We capture in this way the non-Markovian nature of the dynamics, and demonstrate that non-Markovian effects are subleading. Using the $\Delta N$ formalism, we find the probability distribution $P(\mathcal{R})$ of the comoving curvature perturbation $\mathcal{R}$. We consider inflationary potentials that fit the CMB and lead to PBH dark matter with $i)$ asteroid, $ii)$ solar, or $iii)$ Planck mass, as well as $iv)$ PBHs that form the seeds of supermassive black holes. We find that stochastic effects enhance the PBH abundance by a factor of $\mathcal{O}(10)-\mathcal{O}(10^8)$, depending on the PBH mass. We also show that the usual approximation, where stochastic kicks depend only on the Hubble rate, either underestimates or overestimates the abundance by orders of magnitude, depending on the potential. We evaluate the gauge dependence of the results, discuss the quantum-to-classical transition, and highlight open issues of the application of the stochastic formalism to USR inflation., Comment: 31+16 pages, 16 figures. v2. Added references and clarifications. Published version

Published
2021

2. Constraints on gravitino decay and the scale of inflation using CMB spectral distortions

Author

Jens Chluba, Lawrence M. Krauss, Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni, and Cosmic Frontier

Subjects
Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Age of the universe, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, RECOMBINATION, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, PHYSICS, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Inflation (cosmology), Physics, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, HOT-MODEL, FLUCTUATIONS, THERMALIZATION, Universe, Redshift, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, COSMOLOGY, RADIATION, Gravitino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MATTER, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

If local supersymmetry is the correct extension of the standard model of particle physics, then following Inflation the early universe would have been populated by gravitinos produced from scatterings in the hot plasma during reheating. Their abundance is directly related to the magnitude of the reheating temperature. The gravitino lifetime is fixed as a function of its mass, and for gravitinos with lifetimes longer than the age of the universe at redshift $z\simeq 2\times 10^{6}$ (or roughly $6\times 10^6{\rm s}$), decay products can produce spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background. Currently available COBE/FIRAS limits on spectral distortion can, in certain cases, already be competitive with respect to cosmological constraints from primordial nucleosynthesis for some gravitino decay scenarios. We show how the sensitivity limits on $\mu$ and $y$ distortions that can be reached with current technology would improve constraints and possibly rule out a significant portion of the parameter space for gravitino masses and Inflation reheating temperatures., Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev D., 8 pages, 4 figs (1 new figure added, references updated)

Published
2016
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3. Measuring primordial anisotropic correlators with CMB spectral distortions

Author

Sabino Matarrese, Michele Liguori, Nicola Bartolo, and Maresuke Shiraishi

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Primordial fluctuations, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Asymmetry, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, HEMISPHERICAL POWER ASYMMETRY, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), EARLY UNIVERSE, INFLATION, Quantum mechanics, Observational cosmology, media_common, Physics, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, HEMISPHERICAL POWER ASYMMETRY, EARLY UNIVERSE, SKY MAPS, RADIATION, INFLATION, Cosmic variance, Distortion (mathematics), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, SKY MAPS, RADIATION, Rotational invariance, Bispectrum, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We show that inflationary models with broken rotational invariance generate testable off-diagonal signatures in the correlation between the $\mu$-type distortion and temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background. More precisely, scenarios with a quadrupolar bispectrum asymmetry, usually generated by fluctuations of primordial vector fields, produce a nonvanishing $\mu$-$T$ correlation when $|\ell_1-\ell_2|=2$. Since spectral distortions are sensitive to primordial fluctuations up to very small scales, a cosmic variance limited spectral distortion experiment can detect such effects with a high signal-to-noise ratio., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD

Published
2015
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4. PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission): an extended white paper

Author

Collaboration, PRISM, André, P, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barbosa, D, Barreiro, B, Bartlett, J, Bartolo, N, Battistelli, E, Battye, R, Bendo, G, Benoît, A, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Béthermin, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonaldi, A, Bouchet, FC, Boulanger, FC, Brand, J, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Cai, ZY, Camus, P, Casas, F, Casasola, V, Castex, G, Challinor, A, Chluba, J, Chon, G, Colafrancesco, S, Comis, B, Cuttaia, F, D'Alessandro, G, Silva, AD, Davis, R, Avillez, MD, Bernardis, PD, Petris, MD, Rosa, AD, Zotti, GD, Delabrouille, J, Désert, FCX, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Dunkley, J, Enßlin, T, Errard, J, Falgarone, E, Ferreira, P, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Fletcher, A, Fosalba, P, Fuller, G, Galli, S, Ganga, K, García-Bellido, J, Ghribi, A, Giard, M, Giraud-Héraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Grainge, K, Gruppuso, A, Hall, A, Hamilton, JC, Haverkorn, M, Hernandez-Monte-agudo, C, Herranz, D, Jackson, M, Jaffe, A, Khatri, R, Kunz, M, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Leahy, P, Lesgourgues, J, Liguori, M, Liuzzo, E, Lopez-Caniego, M, Macias-Perez, J, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mangilli, A, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Martins, C, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, JB, Mennella, A, Mignano, A, Miville-Deschênes, MA, Monfardini, A, Murphy, A, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Negrello, M, Noviello, F, O'Sullivan, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Paladino, R, Palanque-Delabrouille, N, Paoletti, D, Peiris, H, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Pollo, A, Ponthieu, N, Remazeilles, M, Ricciardi, S, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rubino-Martin, JA, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Shellard, P, Silk, J, Starobinsky, A, Stompor, R, Sunyaev, R, Tartari, A, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Trombetti, T, Tucci, M, Weijgaert, RVD, Tent, BV, Verde, L, Vielva, P, Wandelt, B, Watson, R, Withington, S, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), INFN, Sezione di Padova, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), ASI-ASDC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Departement de Physique Théorique [Genève], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), ICRA and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CSIRO Materials Sciences and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomy, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cryogénie (Cryo), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Philippe, A, Baccigalupi, C, Anthony, B, Domingos, B, Barreiro, B, James, B, Bartolo, N, Stefano Battistelli, E, Battye, R, Bendo, G, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bethermin, M, Pawel, B, Bonaldi, A, Francois, B, Jan, B, Martin, B, Burigana, C, Cai, Z, Philippe, C, Casas, F, Casasola, V, Guillaume, C, Anthony, C, Jens, C, Chon, G, Colafrancesco, S, Comis, B, Cuttaia, F, D'Alessandro, G, Da Silva, A, Davis, R, Avillez Miguel, D, Bernardis, P, De Bernardis, P, De Petris, M, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Jacques, D, Desert, F, Dickinson, C, Maria Diego, J, Dunkley, J, Ensslin, T, Errard, J, Falgarone, E, Ferreira, P, Ferriere, K, Finelli, F, Andrew, F, Fosalba, P, Gary, F, Galli, S, Ken, G, Juan, G, Ghribi, A, Martin, G, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Keith, G, Gruppuso, A, Alex, H, Hamilton, J, Haverkorn, M, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Mark, J, Andrew, J, Khatri, R, Martin, K, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Leahy, P, Julien, L, Liguori, M, Liuzzo, E, Marcos, L, Juan, M, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mangilli, A, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Martins, C, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mennella, A, Mignano, A, Miville-Deschenes, M, Monfardini, A, Anthony, M, Pavel, N, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Negrello, M, Noviello, F, O'Sullivan, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Paladino, R, Nathalie, P, Paoletti, D, Peiris, H, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Pollo, A, Nicolas, P, Mathieu, R, Ricciardi, S, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rubino-Martin, J, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Paul, S, Silk, J, Starobinsky, A, Stompor, R, Rashid, S, Tartari, A, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Neil, T, Tristram, M, Trombetti, T, Tucci, M, Van De Weijgaert, R, Van Tent, B, Verde, L, Vielva, P, Ben, W, Watson, R, Stafford, W, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA), Cryo - Cryogénie, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], and Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics / Centre for Mathematical Sciences (DAMTP/CMS)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic Vision, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], POWER SPECTRUM, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, EARLY UNIVERSE, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, cmbr detector, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, DARK-MATTER, CMB POLARIZATION, Spectroscopy, CMBR detectors, cosmological parameters from CMBR, SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE, COSMOLOGICAL HYDROGEN RECOMBINATION, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, RELATIVISTIC CORRECTIONS, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Universe, 13. Climate action, Sky, Hubble volume, cmbr detectors, cosmological parameters from cmbr, cmbr experiments, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Prism, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) was proposed to ESA in May 2013 as a large-class mission for investigating within the framework of the ESA Cosmic Vision program a set of important scientific questions that require high resolution, high sensitivity, full-sky observations of the sky emission at wavelengths ranging from millimeter-wave to the far-infrared. PRISM's main objective is to explore the distant universe, probing cosmic history from very early times until now as well as the structures, distribution of matter, and velocity flows throughout our Hubble volume. PRISM will survey the full sky in a large number of frequency bands in both intensity and polarization and will measure the absolute spectrum of sky emission more than three orders of magnitude better than COBE FIRAS. The data obtained will allow us to precisely measure the absolute sky brightness and polarization of all the components of the sky emission in the observed frequency range, separating the primordial and extragalactic components cleanly from the galactic and zodiacal light emissions. The aim of this Extended White Paper is to provide a more detailed overview of the highlights of the new science that will be made possible by PRISM, which include: (1) the ultimate galaxy cluster survey using the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect, detecting approximately 106 clusters extending to large redshift, including a characterization of the gas temperature of the brightest ones (through the relativistic corrections to the classic SZ template) as well as a peculiar velocity survey using the kinetic SZ effect that comprises our entire Hubble volume; (2) a detailed characterization of the properties and evolution of dusty galaxies, where the most of the star formation in the universe took place, the faintest population of which constitute the diffuse CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background); (3) a characterization of the B modes from primordial gravity waves generated during inflation and from gravitational lensing, as well as the ultimate search for primordial non-Gaussianity using CMB polarization, which is less contaminated by foregrounds on small scales than the temperature anisotropies; (4) a search for distortions from a perfect blackbody spectrum, which include some nearly certain signals and others that are more speculative but more informative; and (5) a study of the role of the magnetic field in star formation and its interaction with other components of the interstellar medium of our Galaxy. These are but a few of the highlights presented here along with a description of the proposed instrument.

Published
2014
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5. The first spectral line surveys searching for signals from the Dark Ages

Author

Aa. Sandqvist, M. Signore, Gustaf Rydbeck, Pierre Encrenaz, J. Y. Daniel, Carina M. Persson, Åke Hjalmarson, Roberto Maoli, Urban Frisk, and Michael Olberg

Subjects
Structure formation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Spectral line, GAMMA-RAY BURST, STAR-FORMATION, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, cosmology: observations, early universe, ism: molecules, large scale structure of the universe, large-scale structure of universe, line formation, line: formation, submillimeter: ism, Emission spectrum, PRIMORDIAL GAS, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, COSMOLOGICAL HYDROGEN RECOMBINATION, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, early Universe, ISM: molecules, MOLECULAR GAS, Redshift, ODIN SATELLITE, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Dark Ages, submillimeter: ISM, large-scale structure of Universe, GALAXY FORMATION, HIGH-REDSHIFT, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Our aim is to observationally investigate the cosmic Dark Ages in order to constrain star and structure formation models, as well as the chemical evolution in the early Universe. Spectral lines from atoms and molecules in primordial perturbations at high redshifts can give information about the conditions in the early universe before and during the formation of the first stars in addition to the epoch of reionisation. The lines may arise from moving primordial perturbations before the formation of the first stars (resonant scattering lines), or could be thermal absorption or emission lines at lower redshifts. The difficulties in these searches are that the source redshift and evolutionary state, as well as molecular species and transition are unknown, which implies that an observed line can fall within a wide range of frequencies. The lines are also expected to be very weak. Observations from space have the advantages of stability and the lack of atmospheric features which is important in such observations. We have therefore, as a first step in our searches, used the Odin satellite to perform two sets of spectral line surveys towards several positions. The first survey covered the band 547-578 GHz towards two positions, and the second one covered the bands 542.0-547.5 GHz and 486.5-492.0 GHz towards six positions selected to test different sizes of the primordial clouds. Two deep searches centred at 543.250 and 543.100 GHz with 1 GHz bandwidth were also performed towards one position. The two lowest rotational transitions of H2 will be redshifted to these frequencies from z~20-30, which is the predicted epoch of the first star formation. No lines are detected at an rms level of 14-90 and 5-35 mK for the two surveys, respectively, and 2-7 mK in the deep searches with a channel spacing of 1-16 MHz. The broad bandwidth covered allows a wide range of redshifts to be explored for a number of atomic and molecular species and transitions. From the theoretical side, our sensitivity analysis show that the largest possible amplitudes of the resonant lines are about 1 mK at frequencies, 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 on-line pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics 8 March 2010.

Published
2010

6. Scale Invariance of galaxy clustering

Author

Marco Montuori, F. Sylos Labini, and Luciano Pietronero

Subjects
Physics, GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, DWARF GALAXIES, Homogeneity (statistics), Astrophysics (astro-ph), 2-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTION, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, CFA REDSHIFT SURVEY, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, COBE FIRAS INSTRUMENT, RICH CLUSTERS, LUMINOSITY FUNCTION, NUMBER COUNTS, POWER-SPECTRUM, Astrophysics, Scale invariance, Galaxy, Field (geography), Fractal, Cluster (physics), Dimension (data warehouse), Cluster analysis
Abstract

Some years ago we proposed a new approach to the analysis of galaxy and cluster correlations based on the concepts and methods of modern statistical Physics. This led to the surprising result that galaxy correlations are fractal and not homogeneous up to the limits of the available catalogs. The usual statistical methods, which are based on the assumption of homogeneity, are therefore inconsistent for all the length scales probed so far, and a new, more general, conceptual framework is necessary to identifythe real physical properties of these structures. In the last few years the 3-d catalogs have been significatively improved and we have extended our methods to the analysis of number counts and angular catalogs. This has led to a complete analysis of all the available data that we present in this review. The result is that galaxy structures are highly irregular and self-similar: all the available data are consistent with each other and show fractal correlations (with dimension $D \simeq 2$) up to the deepest scales probed so far ($1000 \hmp$) and even more as indicated from the new interpretation of the number counts. The evidence for scale-invariance of galaxy clustering is very strong up to $150 \hmp$ due to the statistical robustness of the data but becomes progressively weaker (statistically) at larger distances due to the limited data. In These facts lead to fascinating conceptual implications about our knowledge of the universe and to a new scenario for the theoretical challenge in this field., Comment: Latex file 165 pages, 106 postscript figures. This paper is also available at http://www.phys.uniroma1.it/DOCS/PIL/pil.html To appear in Physics Report (Dec. 1997)

Published
1998

7. AN ABSOLUTE CRYOGENIC CALIBRATION SOURCE FOR A 2.5 GHZ RADIOMETER

Author

Massimo Gervasi, G. Sironi, Francesco Cavaliere, A. Passerini, G. Bonelli, S. Casani, Gervasi, M, Bonelli, G, Sironi, G, Cavaliere, F, Passerini, A, and Casani, S

Subjects
Physics, Radiometer, Liquid helium, Cosmic microwave background, Microwave radiometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic background radiation, UNIVERSE, Cryogenics, Temperature measurement, law.invention, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, law, Calibration, Physics::Atomic Physics, Instrumentation, Remote sensing
Abstract

We describe a liquid helium-cooled absolute reference load for the calibration of a. 2.5 GHz radiometer. This calibration system provides an absolute reference near the liquid helium boiling point. The accuracy of the reference source is better than 100 mK. We use this cold load to perform absolute temperature measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Published
1995

8. AN ABSOLUTE CRYOGENIC CALIBRATION SOURCE FOR A 2.5 GHZ RADIOMETER

Author

Gervasi, M, Bonelli, G, Sironi, G, Cavaliere, F, Passerini, A, Casani, S, GERVASI, MASSIMO, SIRONI, GIORGIO, PASSERINI, ANDREA, BONELLI, G, CAVALIERE, F, CASANI, S., Gervasi, M, Bonelli, G, Sironi, G, Cavaliere, F, Passerini, A, Casani, S, GERVASI, MASSIMO, SIRONI, GIORGIO, PASSERINI, ANDREA, BONELLI, G, CAVALIERE, F, and CASANI, S.

Abstract

We describe a liquid helium-cooled absolute reference load for the calibration of a. 2.5 GHz radiometer. This calibration system provides an absolute reference near the liquid helium boiling point. The accuracy of the reference source is better than 100 mK. We use this cold load to perform absolute temperature measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Published
1995

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