40 results on '"METASTATIS"'
Search Results
2. Software to assist in the interpretation of bone scans
- Author
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Bárbara Emma Sánchez Rinza and Alberto Jaramillo Nuñez
- Subjects
Metastatis ,tumor ,bone scintigraphy ,scintigraphy ,osteomyelitis ,metabolism ,Computer software ,QA76.75-76.765 - Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop a medical system that optimizes the sensitivity of the bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis to patients with bone cancer problems, bone disease, infections, bone wear, or malignancies like bone metastasis which will monitor the deterioration of the bones caused by the disease in case. In this work the sensitivity of bone scintigraphy was improved to help in their interpretation and therefore we aid in the radiological digitization, which consists of a process that allows to obtain a digitalized image from an analogue image. Which means it is susceptible to being stored in the form of a number representing the position of a pixel point, elementary surface unit. This can be done using the means of digitization and digital image processing (PDI), in addition to the enhancement tools offered by various processes, a greater sensitivity is projected in the radiological images, to evaluate the results potential gain in the diagnostic probability offered by this digitization process. The picture formats that can be used are JPG, BMP or DICOM. To have an improvement in the radiological diagnostic sensitivity, a conversion of a grayscale image to the color map in RGB (Red, Green and Blue) must be done, representing the values of the pixels of the grayscale image as follows: (1) The lowest values will be displayed in shades of blue, (2) Intermediate values are represented in shades of green, and (3) The lowest values will be displayed in shades of red. When using this color map, the image will be different tones by the combination of the above-mentioned colors. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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3. Bone marrow metastasis of breast cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A coincidence
- Author
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Rahmat Cahyanur, Agus Kosasih, Leovinna Widjaja, Marini Stephanie, Agnes Stephanie Harahap, and Harits Adi Putra
- Subjects
breast cancer ,chronic lymphocytic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) ,bone marrow ,metastatis ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Objectives. We present an extremely rare case of breast cancer with metastasis to the bone marrow, which was also simultaneously diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Case Presentation. A 56-year-old female with a history of routine blood transfusions presented with chronic fatigue and recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal pain due to cholecystitis. Additionally, nodules were palpable in both breasts, which were subsequently detected as suspicious calcified lesions on ultrasound. Leukocytosis and bi-cytopenia were found. Cholecystectomy was performed and biopsies from some tissues were conducted. Gall bladder and subcutaneous tissue from the umbilical area showed neoplastic cells suggestive of breast carcinoma. Bone marrow biopsy showed CLL and non-hematopoietic cells identical to the previously detected neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the breast carcinoma was ER-positive, PR-positive, and HER2negative. Outcome. After a thorough investigation, the bone marrow depression was proven to result from a metastatic bone marrow lesion from breast cancer diagnosed concurrently with CLL. Conclusions. This circumstance obliged clinicians to be more considerate of the diagnostic approach and treatment of patients with neoplasm presenting with cytopenia. It is to avoid underdiagnosis and ensure that every pathology in the bone marrow is investigated and managed accordingly. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Bone marrow metastasis of breast cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A coincidence.
- Author
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Cahyanur, Rahmat, Kosasih, Agus, Widjaja, Leovinna, Stephanie, Marini, Harahap, Agnes Stephanie, and Putra, Harits Adi
- Subjects
- *
METASTATIC breast cancer , *CHRONIC lymphocytic leukemia , *BONE marrow , *CHRONIC leukemia , *COMORBIDITY , *CHOLECYSTITIS ,BONE marrow cancer - Abstract
Objectives. We present an extremely rare case of breast cancer with metastasis to the bone marrow, which was also simultaneously diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Case Presentation. A 56-year-old female with a history of routine blood transfusions presented with chronic fatigue and recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal pain due to cholecystitis. Additionally, nodules were palpable in both breasts, which were subsequently detected as suspicious calcified lesions on ultrasound. Leukocytosis and bi-cytopenia were found. Cholecystectomy was performed and biopsies from some tissues were conducted. Gall bladder and subcutaneous tissue from the umbilical area showed neoplastic cells suggestive of breast carcinoma. Bone marrow biopsy showed CLL and non-hematopoietic cells identical to the previously detected neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the breast carcinoma was ER-positive, PR-positive, and HER2negative. Outcome. After a thorough investigation, the bone marrow depression was proven to result from a metastatic bone marrow lesion from breast cancer diagnosed concurrently with CLL. Conclusions. This circumstance obliged clinicians to be more considerate of the diagnostic approach and treatment of patients with neoplasm presenting with cytopenia. It is to avoid underdiagnosis and ensure that every pathology in the bone marrow is investigated and managed accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, ANEMIA, AND HYPERTENSION AS THE RISK FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE INCIDENCE OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER
- Author
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Elma Elmika, Selamat Budijitno, and Ari Suwondo
- Subjects
breast cancer ,metastatis ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,anemia ,hypertension ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in women and the main cause of death in 25% of all cases. The main cause of death from breast cancer is metastases, it is estimated that 5-10% of breast cancers have metastasized at the time of early diagnosis with an advanced stage. Purpose: To analyze the risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design, the number of samples in the study was 120 patients. The inclusion criteria of the study sample were breast cancer patients with advanced stages III and IV in the last five years. Exclusion criteria were incomplete patient medical records. The sampling technique in this study was consecutive sampling. This research was conducted at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar City. The variables analyzed in this study were type 2 diabetes mellitus, anemia, and hypertension which were tested with the chi-square test. Results: The results of this study showed that diabetes mellitus type 2 (p=0.00; Prevalence Rate [PR]=1.79; 95% CI=1.32-2.42) and anemia (p=0.03; Prevalence Rate [PR] = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.61-2.86) is a risk factor that affects the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. While the risk factor that has no effect is hypertension. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and anemia are risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in breast cancer patients. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Bilateral testicular metastases from adenocarcinoma prostate: A rare case report with review of literature
- Author
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Ravisankar Palaniappan, Damodarakumaran Purushotaman, and Jayanthi Chandran
- Subjects
bilateral testis ,metastatis ,prostatic adenocarcinoma ,Medicine - Abstract
The incidence of secondary neoplasms of the testis has been reported at 0.02%–2.5%. The testis is a rare metastasis site for prostatic adenocarcinoma. A 62-year-old gentleman presented with neck swelling and testicular swelling. On evaluation, he was found to have metastatic carcinoma of prostate on 68-Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen study with disseminated metastasis along with right testicular metastases. The patient underwent bilateral orchidectomy as part of the hormonal treatment, and the histopathological examination revealed the metastatic deposits on both the testis with the left testis showing only micrometastasis. Only few cases of bilateral testes metastases from the prostatic carcinoma are reported in the literature. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Color‐Coded Imaging of Breast Cancer Metastatic Niche Formation in Nude Mice
- Author
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Suetsugu, Atsushi, Momiyama, Masashi, Hiroshima, Yukihiko, Shimizu, Masahito, Saji, Shigetoyo, Moriwaki, Hisataka, Bouvet, Michael, and Hoffman, Robert M
- Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Breast Cancer ,Lung ,Cancer ,Liver Disease ,Digestive Diseases ,Aetiology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Animals ,Breast Neoplasms ,Female ,Green Fluorescent Proteins ,Humans ,Liver Neoplasms ,Luminescent Proteins ,Mice ,Mice ,Nude ,Molecular Imaging ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Tumor Microenvironment ,BREAST CANCER ,METASTATIS ,NICHE ,CANCER-ASSOCIATED FIBROBLASTS ,LUNG ,LIVER ,GFP ,RFP ,COLOR-CODED IMAGING ,Medical Physiology ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry and cell biology - Abstract
We report here a color-coded imaging model in which metastatic niches in the lung and liver of breast cancer can be identified. The transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing nude mouse was used as the host. The GFP nude mouse expresses GFP in all organs. However, GFP expression is dim in the liver parenchymal cells. Mouse mammary tumor cells (MMT 060562) (MMT), expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP), were injected in the tail vein of GFP nude mice to produce experimental lung metastasis and in the spleen of GFP nude mice to establish a liver metastasis model. Niche formation in the lung and liver metastasis was observed using very high resolution imaging systems. In the lung, GFP host-mouse cells accumulated around as few as a single MMT-RFP cell. In addition, GFP host cells were observed to form circle-shaped niches in the lung even without RFP cancer cells, which was possibly a niche in which future metastasis could be formed. In the liver, as with the lung, GFP host cells could form circle-shaped niches. Liver and lung metastases were removed surgically and cultured in vitro. MMT-RFP cells and GFP host cells resembling cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were observed interacting, suggesting that CAFs could serve as a metastatic niche. more...
- Published
- 2015
8. Bilateral testicular metastases from adenocarcinoma prostate: A rare case report with review of literature.
- Author
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Palaniappan, Ravisankar, Purushotaman, Damodarakumaran, and Chandran, Jayanthi
- Abstract
The incidence of secondary neoplasms of the testis has been reported at 0.02%–2.5%. The testis is a rare metastasis site for prostatic adenocarcinoma. A 62-year-old gentleman presented with neck swelling and testicular swelling. On evaluation, he was found to have metastatic carcinoma of prostate on 68-Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen study with disseminated metastasis along with right testicular metastases. The patient underwent bilateral orchidectomy as part of the hormonal treatment, and the histopathological examination revealed the metastatic deposits on both the testis with the left testis showing only micrometastasis. Only few cases of bilateral testes metastases from the prostatic carcinoma are reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, ANEMIA, AND HYPERTENSION AS THE RISK FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE INCIDENCE OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER
- Author
-
Elmika, Elma, Budijitno, Selamat, Suwondo, Ari, Elmika, Elma, Budijitno, Selamat, and Suwondo, Ari
- Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in women and the main cause of death in 25% of all cases. The main cause of death from breast cancer is metastases, it is estimated that 5-10% of breast cancers have metastasized at the time of early diagnosis with an advanced stage. Purpose: To analyze the risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design, the number of samples in the study was 120 patients. The inclusion criteria of the study sample were breast cancer patients with advanced stages III and IV in the last five years. Exclusion criteria were incomplete patient medical records. The sampling technique in this study was consecutive sampling. This research was conducted at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar City. The variables analyzed in this study were type 2 diabetes mellitus, anemia, and hypertension which were tested with the chi-square test. Results: The results of this study showed that diabetes mellitus type 2 (p=0.00; Prevalence Rate [PR]=1.79; 95% CI=1.32-2.42) and anemia (p=0.03; Prevalence Rate [PR] = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.61-2.86) is a risk factor that affects the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. While the risk factor that has no effect is hypertension. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and anemia are risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in breast cancer patients. more...
- Published
- 2022
10. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Pineal Metastasis
- Author
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Nevin AYDIN, Suzan ŞAYLISOY, and Bülent YILDIZ
- Subjects
pineal gland ,metastatis ,magnetic resonance imaging ,pineal ,pineal imaging ,pineal lesions ,Health Care Sciences and Services ,pineal bez ,metastaz ,manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ,pineal görüntüleme ,pineal lezyonlar ,General Medicine ,Sağlık Bilimleri ve Hizmetleri - Abstract
Pineal bez metastazları oldukça nadirdir. Çalışmamızın amacı, pineal bez metastazlarının manyetik rezonans görüntüleme bulgularını değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışmada Eylül 2010 ile Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında hastane/ radyoloji arşivindeki beyin manyetik rezonans görüntülemelerinin raporları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Olgular belirlendikten sonra, hastaların cinsiyet, yaş, tanı, sağkalım süresi gibi özellikleri ve boyut (en büyük kesit çap), T1 ağırlıklı, T2 ağırlıklı sinyaller, kontrast tutulumu, ek beyin metastatik tutulum alanları gibi özellikler değerlendirildi. Araştırmamızda pineal metastazlı 7 hasta tespit edildi. Altta yatan maligniteler akciğer (N 2), meme (N 2), prostat kanseri (N 1), nöroblastom (N 1), non-Hodgkin lenfoma (N 1) idi. Pineal metastaz saptandıktan sonra ortalama yaşam süresi 3.14 aydı. Lezyonların boyutları 0.8 ile 1.8 cm arasında değişiyordu. Altı tümör, hem T1 ağırlıklı hem de T2 ağırlıklı olarak gri cevhere göre izointens idi. Biri T1 ağırlıklı ve T2 ağırlıklı görüntülerde heterojen sinyal intensitesi gösterdi. 7 tümörden 6'sı homojen solid kontrastlanma gösterirken, bir tümör nekroza bağlı heterojen kontrastlanma gösterdi. İki hastada leptomeningeal, bir hastada hipofiz sapı, bir hastada parankim, bir hastada kalvaryum-dural metastaz vardı. Kalan 3 hastada ise beyinde eşlik eden metastaz izlenmedi. Bilinen malignitesi olan hastalarda pineal lezyonların varlığı metastatik tutulum şüphesini artırmalıdır., The pineal gland metastatic disease is relatively uncommon. Our research’s objective was to assess pineal gland metastasis findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We queried the radiology reports of brain MRI examinations performed between September 2010 and December 2019. After identifying cases, patient characteristics including sex, age, diagnosis, survival time, and MRI features including size (largest cross-sectional diameter), T1- Weighted Image (WI) signal, T2-WI signal, contrast enhancement, and additional brain metastatic involvement area were evaluated. Our investigation identified 7 patients with pineal gland metastasis. Underlying malignancies were lung (N 2), breast (N 2), prostate cancer (N 1), neuroblastoma (N 1), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (N 1). The average survival period after the detection of the pineal gland metastasis is 3.14 ± 3.93 months. The lesions ranged in size from 0.8 to 1.8 cm (mean 1.18±0.38 cm). Six tumors were isointense to gray matter both on T1-WI and T2-WI. One showed heterogeneous signal intensities on T1-WI and T2-WI. 6 out of 7 tumors showed homogenous solid enhancement while one tumor showed heterogeneous enhancement due to necrosis. Two patients had leptomeningeal, one patient had pituitary stalk, one patient had parenchyma, and one patient had calvarium-dural metastases. In the remaining 3 patients, no accompanying metastases were observed in brain. The presence of pineal gland lesions in patients with known malignancy should increase suspicion of metastatic involvement. more...
- Published
- 2022
11. Alveolar soft part sarcoma mimics prostate cancer metastasis.
- Author
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Principe, Daniel R, Mohindra, Nisha A, Munshi, Hidayatullah G, and Kamath, Suneel D
- Subjects
- *
CASTRATION-resistant prostate cancer , *PROSTATE cancer , *METASTASIS , *SARCOMA , *PROSTATE-specific antigen , *PULMONARY nodules - Abstract
A 61-year-old man presented to the oncology clinic with Gleason 9 (4 + 5) prostate cancer. Staging CT showed multiple nodules in both lungs. Since the lung lesions were too small for biopsy, he was started on anti-androgen therapy for suspected metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. While his prostate-specific antigen decreased from 32 to <0.1 ng/ml, the multiple lung lesions showed no response on subsequent imaging. The patient presented during follow-up with severe right leg pain, at which time magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large, hyperintense mass in the femur. The mass was resected along with two lung nodules, with pathology demonstrating metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma. This serves as an important reminder that lesions suspicious for metastases may be due to cancers of multiple primary origins, particularly if the pattern of metastasis is atypical or there is varied response to therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Benign Pulmonary Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterus
- Author
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Nurettin Aka, Reyyan Iscan, Gültekin Köse, and Isik Kaban
- Subjects
lung ,metastatis ,multiple pulmonary nodules ,Medicine - Abstract
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease which represents with multiple leiomyomatous lesions in many tissues and organs especially in lungs. These patients have been operated for leiomyoma of the uterus. Here we report a case of a 41-year-old woman who was evaluated in a thoracic surgery hospital for dyspnea and bilateral nodules in chest roentgenogram. She had no history of neoplasm, only myomectomy history of uterine leiomyoma 10 years ago. Biopsy and histopathological examination were consistent with pulmonary leiomyoma. The patient was reffered to our clinic and we performed a total abdominal hysterectomy for her multiple uterine leiomyomas. The final diagnosis was ‘benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma’. After this diagnosis, surgical castration was performed but two years later, repeat imaging showed progression in pulmonary lesions and progesterone therapy was administered to the patient. Patient has continued on this hormonal therapy to date and during the 5-years follow-up, the persisting lesions in both lungs regressed. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Macrophage-Induced Lymphangiogenesis and Metastasis following Paclitaxel Chemotherapy Is Regulated by VEGFR3.
- Author
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Alishekevitz, Dror, Gingis-Velitski, Svetlana, Kaidar-Person, Orit, Gutter-Kapon, Lilach, Scherer, Sandra D., Raviv, Ziv, Merquiol, Emmanuelle, Ben-Nun, Yael, Miller, Valeria, Rachman-Tzemah, Chen, Timaner, Michael, Mumblat, Yelena, Ilan, Neta, Loven, David, Hershkovitz, Dov, Satchi-Fainaro, Ronit, Blum, Galia, P. Sleeman, Jonathan, Vlodavsky, Israel, and Shaked, Yuval more...
- Abstract
Summary While chemotherapy strongly restricts or reverses tumor growth, the response of host tissue to therapy can counteract its anti-tumor activity by promoting tumor re-growth and/or metastases, thus limiting therapeutic efficacy. Here, we show that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3)-expressing macrophages infiltrating chemotherapy-treated tumors play a significant role in metastasis. They do so in part by inducing lymphangiogenesis as a result of cathepsin release, leading to VEGF-C upregulation by heparanase. We found that macrophages from chemotherapy-treated mice are sufficient to trigger lymphatic vessel activity and structure in naive tumors in a VEGFR3-dependent manner. Blocking VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis inhibits the activity of chemotherapy-educated macrophages, leading to reduced lymphangiogenesis in treated tumors. Overall, our results suggest that disrupting the VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis not only directly inhibits lymphangiogenesis but also blocks the pro-metastatic activity of macrophages in chemotherapy-treated mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Landscape of Bone Marrow Metastasis in Human Neuroblastoma Unraveled by Transcriptomics and Deep Multiplex Imaging
- Author
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Lazic, Daria, Kromp, Florian, Rifatbegovic, Fikret, Repiscak, Peter, Kirr, Michael, Mívalt, Filip, Halbritter, Florian, Bernkopf, Marie, Billeck, Andrea, Ussowicz, Marek, Ambros, Inge, Ambros, Peter, Gerner, Christopher, Ladenstein, Ruth, Ostalecki, Christian, Taschner-Mandl, Sabine, Lazic, Daria, Kromp, Florian, Rifatbegovic, Fikret, Repiscak, Peter, Kirr, Michael, Mívalt, Filip, Halbritter, Florian, Bernkopf, Marie, Billeck, Andrea, Ussowicz, Marek, Ambros, Inge, Ambros, Peter, Gerner, Christopher, Ladenstein, Ruth, Ostalecki, Christian, and Taschner-Mandl, Sabine more...
- Abstract
Bone marrow metastasis frequently occurs in patients with solid cancers and most often leads to poor outcome. Yet, the composition of bone marrow metastases, including tumor and surrounding cells, has so far not been characterized. Herein, we aimed to investigate the diversity of tumor and surrounding cells, i.e., the microenvironment, in bone marrow metastases, using the childhood tumor neuroblastoma as a model. To this end, we screened genome-wide datasets to define a panel of cell-specific markers for multiplex microscopy of metastatic bone marrow samples, and developed DeepFLEX, a computational pipeline for subsequent image analysis. Thereby, we identified 35,000 single cells covering metastasized tumor cells, and various types of developing immune and bone marrow cells. In parallel, we analyzed the transcriptome, i.e., all genes that are expressed as mRNA, of 38 patients with and without bone marrow metastasis. We found vast tumor cell diversity and identified a marker protein, FAIM2, which can help to identify a broader range of tumor cell variants. In addition we showed that tumor cell metastasis in the bone marrow is associated with an immune response resembling inflammation, and the presence of cells that can repress an immune attack against cancer cells. Our study suggests that metastatic tumor cells are shaping the bone marrow microenvironment and builds the basis to further investigate its clinical relevance. more...
- Published
- 2021
15. Landscape of Bone Marrow Metastasis in Human Neuroblastoma Unraveled by Transcriptomics and Deep Multiplex Imaging
- Abstract
Bone marrow metastasis frequently occurs in patients with solid cancers and most often leads to poor outcome. Yet, the composition of bone marrow metastases, including tumor and surrounding cells, has so far not been characterized. Herein, we aimed to investigate the diversity of tumor and surrounding cells, i.e., the microenvironment, in bone marrow metastases, using the childhood tumor neuroblastoma as a model. To this end, we screened genome-wide datasets to define a panel of cell-specific markers for multiplex microscopy of metastatic bone marrow samples, and developed DeepFLEX, a computational pipeline for subsequent image analysis. Thereby, we identified 35,000 single cells covering metastasized tumor cells, and various types of developing immune and bone marrow cells. In parallel, we analyzed the transcriptome, i.e., all genes that are expressed as mRNA, of 38 patients with and without bone marrow metastasis. We found vast tumor cell diversity and identified a marker protein, FAIM2, which can help to identify a broader range of tumor cell variants. In addition we showed that tumor cell metastasis in the bone marrow is associated with an immune response resembling inflammation, and the presence of cells that can repress an immune attack against cancer cells. Our study suggests that metastatic tumor cells are shaping the bone marrow microenvironment and builds the basis to further investigate its clinical relevance. more...
- Published
- 2021
16. Landscape of Bone Marrow Metastasis in Human Neuroblastoma Unraveled by Transcriptomics and Deep Multiplex Imaging
- Abstract
Bone marrow metastasis frequently occurs in patients with solid cancers and most often leads to poor outcome. Yet, the composition of bone marrow metastases, including tumor and surrounding cells, has so far not been characterized. Herein, we aimed to investigate the diversity of tumor and surrounding cells, i.e., the microenvironment, in bone marrow metastases, using the childhood tumor neuroblastoma as a model. To this end, we screened genome-wide datasets to define a panel of cell-specific markers for multiplex microscopy of metastatic bone marrow samples, and developed DeepFLEX, a computational pipeline for subsequent image analysis. Thereby, we identified 35,000 single cells covering metastasized tumor cells, and various types of developing immune and bone marrow cells. In parallel, we analyzed the transcriptome, i.e., all genes that are expressed as mRNA, of 38 patients with and without bone marrow metastasis. We found vast tumor cell diversity and identified a marker protein, FAIM2, which can help to identify a broader range of tumor cell variants. In addition we showed that tumor cell metastasis in the bone marrow is associated with an immune response resembling inflammation, and the presence of cells that can repress an immune attack against cancer cells. Our study suggests that metastatic tumor cells are shaping the bone marrow microenvironment and builds the basis to further investigate its clinical relevance. more...
- Published
- 2021
17. Landscape of Bone Marrow Metastasis in Human Neuroblastoma Unraveled by Transcriptomics and Deep Multiplex Imaging
- Abstract
Bone marrow metastasis frequently occurs in patients with solid cancers and most often leads to poor outcome. Yet, the composition of bone marrow metastases, including tumor and surrounding cells, has so far not been characterized. Herein, we aimed to investigate the diversity of tumor and surrounding cells, i.e., the microenvironment, in bone marrow metastases, using the childhood tumor neuroblastoma as a model. To this end, we screened genome-wide datasets to define a panel of cell-specific markers for multiplex microscopy of metastatic bone marrow samples, and developed DeepFLEX, a computational pipeline for subsequent image analysis. Thereby, we identified 35,000 single cells covering metastasized tumor cells, and various types of developing immune and bone marrow cells. In parallel, we analyzed the transcriptome, i.e., all genes that are expressed as mRNA, of 38 patients with and without bone marrow metastasis. We found vast tumor cell diversity and identified a marker protein, FAIM2, which can help to identify a broader range of tumor cell variants. In addition we showed that tumor cell metastasis in the bone marrow is associated with an immune response resembling inflammation, and the presence of cells that can repress an immune attack against cancer cells. Our study suggests that metastatic tumor cells are shaping the bone marrow microenvironment and builds the basis to further investigate its clinical relevance. more...
- Published
- 2021
18. Identification of Pyroptosis Gene Signature Related Molecular Pattern, Clinical Implication, and Tumor Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma`.
- Author
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Li YT and Zeng XZ
- Subjects
- Humans, Pyroptosis genetics, DNA Copy Number Variations genetics, Apoptosis, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular genetics, Liver Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death in cancers, which regulates tumor cell invasion, proliferation, and metastasis, thereby affecting the prognosis of cancer patients. However, the role of Pyroptosis-Related Genes (PGs) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear., Methods: Somatic mutation, copy number variation, and expression of 41 PGs were assessed in HCC and normal liver from the TCGA dataset. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was used to construct the prognostic model. K-M curves, ROC curves, nomograph, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression were conducted to evaluate the predictive value of PGs. Immune infiltration was analyzed by CIBERSOFT and ssGSEA algorithm. The expression of prognostic PGs was validated by qPCR., Results: Significant mutation and copy number variation of PGs were found in HCC. These genes were involved in an inflammatory response. In addition, 9 out of 41 PGs were differentially expressed in HCC and found to correlate significantly with patient survival. Then, these signature genes were selected to build a prognosis model and were utilized to stratify HCC patients into high and low PGs-score groups. It showed that the high-PGs group had a worse prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression verified that PGs-score was an independent risk factor for HCC. By ROC curves and nomogram, we showed that PGs-score effectively predicted the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of HCC patients and correlated with AFP level and disease stage. Immune infiltration analysis further showed that tumor immunity correlated with the PGs-score, and the expression of immune checkpoint molecule was significantly enhanced in the high PGs group. The PGs-score was also validated in the external validation cohort (ICGC). Finally, the expression of 9 signature genes was validated in normal liver and HCC cell lines., Conclusion: This study elucidated the aberrant regulation of PGs in HCC, and those pyroptosisrelated genes may be applied as a prognostic factor of HCC., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. CT arthrography prior to CT guided bone lesion biopsy, a case report
- Author
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Prutki, Maja, Kresic, Elvira, Alduk, Ana Marija, Josipovic, Mario, Karlak, Ivan, and Cavka, Mislav
- Subjects
Image-Guided Biopsy ,Orthopedics ,Interventional Radiology ,metastatis ,bone neoplasms ,interventional radiology ,image-guided biopsy ,orthopedics ,Metastatis ,Bone Neoplasms ,metastases - Abstract
Background:Suspicious bone lesions are very common and often need a pathohistological verification. Surgical (open) and percutaneous image guided biopsies can be used to get a sample for pathology analysis. As the barriers of lesion compartment shouldn’t be crossed due to risk of dissemination, transarticular approach is not advised. Case study:We present a case of 57-year-old female patient with lung cancer history and left knee pain. Lytic lesion in lateral femoral epycondile with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake was confirmed by positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT). Surgical biopsy was performed and pathohistological analysis showed no tumor cells. A month later a computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous bone biopsy with CT arthrography was performed and pathohistological analysis confirmed metastatic lesion. Conclusion:CT-guided percutaneous bone biopsy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure. CT arthrography can add some additional information for anatomical positioning in order to avoid transarticular approach in reaching the targeted lesion. more...
- Published
- 2021
20. Neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer progression.
- Author
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Cools-Lartigue, Jonathan, Spicer, Jonathan, Najmeh, Sara, and Ferri, Lorenzo
- Subjects
- *
CANCER invasiveness , *NEUTROPHILS , *NEOPLASTIC cell transformation , *EXTRACELLULAR matrix , *METASTASIS - Abstract
Neutrophils are being increasingly recognized as an important element in tumor progression. They have been shown to exert important effects at nearly every stage of tumor progression with a number of studies demonstrating that their presence is critical to tumor development. Novel aspects of neutrophil biology have recently been elucidated and its contribution to tumorigenesis is only beginning to be appreciated. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are neutrophil-derived structures composed of DNA decorated with antimicrobial peptides. They have been shown to trap and kill microorganisms, playing a critical role in host defense. However, their contribution to tumor development and metastasis has recently been demonstrated in a number of studies highlighting NETs as a potentially important therapeutic target. Here, studies implicating NETs as facilitators of tumor progression and metastasis are reviewed. In addition, potential mechanisms by which NETs may exert these effects are explored. Finally, the ability to target NETs therapeutically in human neoplastic disease is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Glycan changes: cancer metastasis and anti-cancer vaccines.
- Author
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Min Li, Lujun Song, and Xinyu Qin
- Subjects
- *
GLYCOSYLATION , *METASTASIS , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *DRUG efficacy , *CANCER invasiveness , *CANCER cells , *GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS , *PATHOLOGICAL physiology - Abstract
Complex carbohydrates, which are major components of the cell membrane, perform important functions in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as in signal transduction. They comprise three kinds of biomolecules: glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycosphingolipids. Recent studies have also shown that glycan changes in malignant cells take a variety of forms and mediate key pathophysiological events during the various stages of tumour progression. Glycosylation changes are universal hallmarks of malignant transformation and tumour progression in human cancer, which take place on the whole cells or some specific molecules. Accordingly, those changes make them prominent candidates for cancer biomarkers in the meantime. This review mainly focuses on the correlation between glycosylation and the metastasis potential of tumour cells from comprehensive aspects to further address the vital roles of glycans in oncogenesising. Moreover, utilizing these glycosylation changes to ward off tumour metastasis by means of anti-adhesion approach or devising anti-cancer vaccine is one of promising targets of future study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Benign Pulmonary Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterus.
- Author
-
AKA, NURETTIN, ISCAN, REYYAN, KÖSE, GÜLTEKIN, and KABAN, ISIK
- Subjects
- *
LUNG diseases , *HYSTERECTOMY - Abstract
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease which represents with multiple leiomyomatous lesions in many tissues and organs especially in lungs. These patients have been operated for leiomyoma of the uterus. Here we report a case of a 41-year-old woman who was evaluated in a thoracic surgery hospital for dyspnea and bilateral nodules in chest roentgenogram. She had no history of neoplasm, only myomectomy history of uterine leiomyoma 10 years ago. Biopsy and histopathological examination were consistent with pulmonary leiomyoma. The patient was reffered to our clinic and we performed a total abdominal hysterectomy for her multiple uterine leiomyomas. The final diagnosis was 'benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma'. After this diagnosis, surgical castration was performed but two years later, repeat imaging showed progression in pulmonary lesions and progesterone therapy was administered to the patient. Patient has continued on this hormonal therapy to date and during the 5-years follow-up, the persisting lesions in both lungs regressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord
- Author
-
Grenier, Julie-Marthe and Wessely, Michelle A.
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *SPINAL cord , *CHIROPRACTIC , *MEDICAL practice - Abstract
Summary: This article aims to provide a brief overview of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spinal cord for the clinician. A basic review of MRI protocols for the region is followed by discussion of the most common imaging sequences. The appearance of normal spinal cord anatomy is reviewed with emphasis on structures prone to injury; congenital and developmental abnormalities; normal variants and pathology. These are correlated to annotated images. Imaging of cord pathology and trauma is then discussed with emphasis on the identification of key elements for the manual physician. Illustrative examples are given with discussion of specific common conditions perhaps after including disc lesions, trauma, tumour and demyelinating disorders. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Epidermal growth factor, neurotrophins and the metastatic cascade in prostate cancer
- Author
-
Montano, Ximena and Djamgoz, Mustafa B.A.
- Subjects
- *
PROSTATE cancer , *SYMPTOMS , *CELL proliferation , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Although cancer of the prostate (CaP) is the most commonly occurring cancer in males, there are major limitations in its diagnosis and long-term cure. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of CaP is of particular importance for production of pharmacological and biological agents to manage the disease. The development of the normal prostate is regulated by stromal–epithelial interactions via endocrine and paracrine factors, such as androgens and growth factors, which act as precise homeostatic regulators of cellular proliferation. Importantly, after a period of hormonal therapy, CaP shifts from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent state with a concomitant switch from paracrine to autocrine growth factor stimulation and subsequent upregulation of growth factor expression. Thus, growth factors and their receptors have a pivotal role in CaP. This is emphasized by current evidence obtained from clinical specimens as well as several in vitro and in vivo models strongly suggesting that epidermal growth factor and the neurotrophins (nerve growth factor, brain derived neurotrophin factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4/5) together with their tyrosine kinase receptors could play a very significant role in CaP progression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Our experience with 23 consecutive patients on gemcitabine/carboplatin chemotherapy for treatment of metastasized transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium.
- Author
-
Horschke, Bernd, May, Matthias, Seehafer, Matthias, and Helke, Christian
- Subjects
- *
ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *CANCER chemotherapy , *BLADDER cancer , *CANCER treatment , *METASTASIS , *CANCER invasiveness , *HEALTH outcome assessment - Abstract
To evaluate the activity and toxicity of gemcitabine plus carboplatin in patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelium. Twenty-three consecutive patients (from February 1999 to January 2002) with metastatic TCC and no prior chemotherapy were referred to our institution. Each patient was treated with gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) on Days 1 and 8 and carboplatin (area under curve, 4.5) on Day 1. Cycles were repeated every 21 days until tumor progression or severe toxicity was seen, or for a maximum of six cycles. Median age of the patients was 68 years (range 47–82). The median Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score was one and the median creatinine clearance rate was 56 mL/min (range 31–94). The overall response rate was 60.8%, with five of the 23 patients achieving a complete response, and nine showing a partial response. Median time to tumor progression (TTP) was 7.8 months, with a median survival of 15.4 months and a 1-year survival probability of 56%. Most of the complications from toxicity were hematological. Gemcitabine plus carboplatin is active in the treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer in those patients new to chemotherapy and has an acceptable safety profile. The potential clinical benefit of this novel combination in the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma warrants further testing in Phase III studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. A decade's studies on metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Author
-
Zhao-You Tang, Sheng-Long Ye, Yin-Kun Liu, Lun-Xiu Qin, Hui-Chuan Sun, Qin-Hai Yen, Lu Wang, Jian Zhou, Shuang-Jian Qiu, Yan Li, Xue-Ning Ji, Hu Liu, Jing-Ling Xia, Zhi-Quan Wu, Jia Fan, Zeng-Chen Ma, Xin-Da Zhou, Zhi-Ying Lin, and Kang-Da Liu more...
- Subjects
- *
METASTASIS , *LIVER cancer , *FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization , *TUMORS , *PROTEINS , *OSTEOPONTIN - Abstract
Metastasis remains one of the major challenges before hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is finally conquered. This paper summarized a decade's studies on HCC metastasis at the Liver Cancer Institute of Fudan University. We have established a stepwise metastatic human HCC model system, which included a metastatic HCC model in nude mice (LCI-D20), a HCC cell line with high metastatic potential (MHCC97), a relatively low metastatic potential cell clone (MHCC97L) and several stepwise high metastatic potential cell clones (MHCC97H, HCCLM3, and HCCLM6) from their parent MHCC97 cell. Endeavors have been made for searching human HCC metastasis-related chromosomes/ proteins/genes. Monogene-based studies revealed that HCC invasion/metastasis was similar to that of other solid tumors, and the biological characteristics of small HCC were only slightly better than that of large HCC. Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genotyping, cDNA microarray, and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we obtained some interesting results. In particular, in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH) in the United States, we generated a molecular signature that can classify metastatic HCC patients, identified osteopontin as a lead gene in the signature, and found that genes favoring metastasis progression were initiated in the primary tumors. We also found that chromosome 8p deletion, particularly in the region of 8p23, was associated with HCC metastasis. Cytokeratin 19 was identified as one of the proteins, which was found in MHCC97H, but not in MHCC97L cells. Experimental interventions using the high metastatic nude mice model have provided clues for the prevention of HCC metastasis. Translation from workbench to bedside demonstrated that serum VEGF, microvessel density, and p53 scoring may be of value for the prediction of postoperative metastatic recurrence. Interferon alpha proved effective for the prevention of recurrence both experimentally and clinically. In conclusion, HCC metastasis that probably initiated in the primary tumor is a multigene-involved, multistep, and changing process. The further elucidation of the mechanism underlying HCC metastasis will provide a more solid basis for the prediction and prevention of the metastatic recurrence of HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Isoprenylation is Necessary for the Full Invasive Potential of RhoA Overexpression in Human Melanoma Cells.
- Author
-
Collisson, Eric A, Carranza, Dafnis C, Chen, Ingrid Y, and Kolodney, Michael S
- Subjects
- *
MELANOMA , *METASTASIS , *STATINS (Cardiovascular agents) - Abstract
Rho GTPases are signaling molecules known to control cell motility. Several recent studies have suggested a role for Rho proteins in mediating tumor metastasis independent of their affects on cell proliferation. As Rho proteins require post-translational modification with a geranlygeranyl moiety for full activity, we tested the affect of blocking geranylation on localization, downstream signaling, and stimulation of invasion. Expression of a constitutively active Rho construct in A375 melanoma cells dramatically stimulated invasion through Matrigel membranes; however, a constitutively active RhoA mutated so that it cannot be geranylated, failed to stimulate invasion. Moreover, expression of epitope or GFP tagged modifications of this nongeranylatable constitutively active Rho demonstrated that geranylation is necessary for correct cellular localization of Rho. Geranylation was also found to be necessary for full downstream activation of serum response factor mediated transcription. Pharmacologic inhibition of Rho geranylation produced similar inhibition of Rho localization, signaling, and invasion. Our results suggest that inhibition of Rho geranylation may be an attractive pharmacologic target for inhibiting melanoma metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Gilead's CD47 trials freed of FDA hold—for the most part.
- Author
-
Bayer, Max
- Subjects
CD47 antigen ,ACUTE myeloid leukemia ,MULTIPLE myeloma ,MYELOID leukemia - Abstract
Gilead Sciences' CD47 cancer program is back on track—for the most part—after the FDA lifted clinical holds placed in January on five trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
29. Neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer progression
- Author
-
Lorenzo E. Ferri, Jonathan Spicer, Sara Najmeh, and Jonathan Cools-Lartigue
- Subjects
Cathepsin G ,Neutrophils ,Antimicrobial peptides ,Metastatis ,Inflammation ,Review ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Neutrophil extracellular traps ,Extracellular Traps ,Metastasis ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Cell Adhesion ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Cell adhesion ,Molecular Biology ,Cancer ,Pharmacology ,Neutrophil ,DNA ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Chromatin ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Tumor progression ,Immunology ,Disease Progression ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Leukocyte Elastase ,Carcinogenesis ,Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - Abstract
Neutrophils are being increasingly recognized as an important element in tumor progression. They have been shown to exert important effects at nearly every stage of tumor progression with a number of studies demonstrating that their presence is critical to tumor development. Novel aspects of neutrophil biology have recently been elucidated and its contribution to tumorigenesis is only beginning to be appreciated. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are neutrophil-derived structures composed of DNA decorated with antimicrobial peptides. They have been shown to trap and kill microorganisms, playing a critical role in host defense. However, their contribution to tumor development and metastasis has recently been demonstrated in a number of studies highlighting NETs as a potentially important therapeutic target. Here, studies implicating NETs as facilitators of tumor progression and metastasis are reviewed. In addition, potential mechanisms by which NETs may exert these effects are explored. Finally, the ability to target NETs therapeutically in human neoplastic disease is highlighted. more...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Exploiting the Metal-Chelating Properties of the Drug Cargo for In Vivo Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Liposomal Nanomedicines
- Author
-
Edmonds, Scott, Volpe, Alessia, Shmeeda, Hilary, Parente-Pereira, Ana C., Radia, Riya, Baguña-Torres, Julia, Szanda, Istvan, Severin, Gregory, Livieratos, Lefteris, Blower, Philip J., Maher, John, Fruhwirth, Gilbert O., Gabizon, Alberto, and T.M. de Rosales, Rafael more...
- Subjects
Nanomedicine ,Tumor ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Drug delivery ,Liposomes ,PET imaging ,Metastatis - Abstract
The clinical value of current and future nanomedicines can be improved by introducing patient selection strategies based on noninvasive sensitive whole-body imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). Thus, a broad method to radiolabel and track preformed nanomedicines such as liposomal drugs with PET radionuclides will have a wide impact in nanomedicine. Here, we introduce a simple and efficient PET radiolabeling method that exploits the metal-chelating properties of certain drugs (e.g., bisphosphonates such as alendronate and anthracyclines such as doxorubicin) and widely used ionophores to achieve excellent radiolabeling yields, purities, and stabilities with 89Zr, 52Mn, and 64Cu, and without the requirement of modification of the nanomedicine components. In a model of metastatic breast cancer, we demonstrate that this technique allows quantification of the biodistribution of a radiolabeled stealth liposomal nanomedicine containing alendronate that shows high uptake in primary tumors and metastatic organs. The versatility, efficiency, simplicity, and GMP compatibility of this method may enable submicrodosing imaging studies of liposomal nanomedicines containing chelating drugs in humans and may have clinical impact by facilitating the introduction of image-guided therapeutic strategies in current and future nanomedicine clinical studies. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Lymph node metastasis of parotid gland high-grade adenoid-cystic carcinoma.
- Author
-
Hrudka J, Drozenová J, Guha A, and Chovanec M
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Lymphatic Metastasis, Middle Aged, Parotid Gland surgery, Adenoids, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic, Parotid Neoplasms
- Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies. In rare cases, ACC undergoes high-grade transformation, which is associated with poor prognosis, in contrast to relatively long survival in the conventional ACC. Conventional ACC is characterized by typical histopathology showing glandular arrangement with sharply demarcated lumina, the tumor cells have sparse cytoplasm and angulated hyperchromatic nuclei. ACCs undergoing high-grade transformation lack these morphological features. In this paper we present a case of 46 years old female patient presenting with locally advanced tumor of the parotid gland and neck lymphadenopathy, coming for surgery. A suspect lymph node was sent to freeze section histology. Large non-cohesive cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli along with well persevered lymph node architecture were seen in the frozen slide. This finding lead to suspicion of a lymphoma, the surgery finished in the extent of superficial parotidectomy and selective neck dissection of regions II-IV. Subsequent histopathological examination of formalin-fixed lymph node proofed epithelial nature of the atypical cells by p63 positivity. In the parotid gland resection specimen, an ACC with high-grade component was indentified. The high-grade ACC shared cell morphology with the lymph node metastasis. 17 from 20 lymph neck nodes contained metastases of high-grade ACC. Interestingly, there was strong CD117 expression in the high-grade ACC, whereas the conventional part was fully negative. To the best of our knowledge, the high-grade ACC of the parotid gland was reported only in 10 cases in the medical literature. more...
- Published
- 2020
32. Glycan changes: cancer metastasis and anti-cancer vaccines
- Author
-
Li, Min, Song, Lujun, and Qin, Xinyu
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Vacuum-Assisted Closure: An Effective Technique to Manage Wound Complications After Metastatic Spine Tumour Surgery (MSTS)-A Case Report.
- Author
-
Patel RS, Wang SSY, Ramos MRD, Najjar HWN, Prasad SV, and Kumar N
- Abstract
The management of wound complications following metastatic spine tumor surgery (MSTS) remains a formidable task. Plastic coverage procedures after MSTS are challenging due to unhealthy donor sites following previous radiotherapy and prolonged nonambulation. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is usually not recommended after MSTS due to fear of tumor seeding and excessive blood loss. However, in certain patients post-MSTS, who may be considered as receiving palliative treatment, NPWT can be effective in managing wound complications. We describe our initial experience with the use of NPWT in a 57-year-old lady diagnosed with multiple lumbar and cervicothoracic vertebral metastases secondary to non-small cell lung carcinoma. She underwent 2 cycles of preoperative radiotherapy followed by decompression and posterior instrumentation of lumbosacral and cervicothoracic regions succeeded by another cycle of radiotherapy. The patient developed wound dehiscence and poly-microbial surgical site infection that was not responsive to regular debridements and antibiotics. Hence, we applied NPWT as an alternative treatment to plastic surgical procedures. The patient clinically improved with a reduced quantity of wound discharge, increased granulation tissue, and a downward trend in the inflammatory markers. Subsequently, wound was secondarily closed after 14 days. The patient was discharged after a total hospital stay of 41 days. The intravenous antibiotics (piperacillin/tazobactam) were changed to oral (ciprofloxacin) after 6 weeks and continued for 4 months. The patient survived for 3 years without any wound complications. Our case report suggests that NPWT can be a potential treatment option for managing wound complications following MSTS., Competing Interests: Disclosures and COI: The authors received no funding for this study and report no conflicts of interest., (©International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery 2019.) more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Isoform Specific Function of the Metastatic Formin FMNL2
- Author
-
Péladeau, Christine
- Subjects
Invasion ,FMNL2 ,Metastatis ,Formin ,Cancer - Abstract
Cancer cell metastasis is induced by actin-dependent cell migration and is affected by cytoskeletal remodelling proteins. FMNL2 is one such protein which promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) cell metastasis and amoeboid style invasion of melanoma cells. FMNL2 mRNA is subject to alternative splicing and studies suggest that the resulting encoded proteins are likely to differ in their regulation, subcellular localization and activity. We identified four FMNL2 isoforms (ITM, YHY, PMR and TQS) expressed in non-invasive (SW480) and invasive (SW620) CRC cells, as well as in highly invasive A375 amoeboid melanoma cells. qPCR data suggests that an “invasive” isoform (TQS) may be preferentially expressed in highly invasive and amoeboid cell lines. Boyden chamber invasion assay results show that FMNL2 knockdown inhibits amoeboid style invasion in two melanoma cell lines and that TQS is the most efficient isoform at rescuing the invasive phenotype. This study provides a further understanding of FMNL2’s role in invasion and metastasis and identifies specific targets for the development of future antimetastatic therapies. more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Metastatis of cancer cells
- Author
-
Dodig, Helena and Marijanović, Inga
- Subjects
tumor ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Biologija ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Biology ,metastaziranje ,metastatis - Abstract
Rak je bolest kod koje se tjelesne stanice nekotrolirano razmnožavaju zbog poremećenih normalnih regulacijskih mehanizama. Maligni tumori infiltriraju se u okolna tkiva prodirući među zdrave stanice i mogu se kroz krv i limfne žile proširiti na udaljene dijelove tijela. Proces kojim maligne stanice migriraju s mjesta nastanka primarnog tumora u druge dijelove tijela naziva se metastaziranje. Metastaziranje obuhvaća invaziju, intravazaciju, transport, ekstravazaciju i metastatsku kolonizaciju. Ključni korak za preživljavanje tumora je angiogeneza, odnosno formiranje novih krvnih žila iz već postojećih. Svaki pojedini korak omogućen je brojnim genetskim i epigenetskim promjenama tumorskih stanica, kao i specifičnim interakcijama sa stromalnim stanicama pripadajućeg organa. Kako bi došlo do metastaziranja, potrebno je pronaći odgovarajuću mikrookolinu. Neki tumori kao svoje odredište za metastaziranje biraju prvi najbliži organ, budući da tumorske stanice na svom putu zbog veličine i raznih prepreka lako mogu zaglaviti unutar kapilara. Drugi pak metastaziraju na karakteristična, unaprijed određena mjesta, pri čemu se radi o genetski manipuliranim interakcijama između tumorskih stanica i receptora na stijenkama krvnih žila. Iako otprilike 1 od 3 osobe u nekom razdoblju svog života dobije rak, mnogi se mogu izliječiti zahvaljujući dostignućima u postavljanju dijagnoza i liječenju. Ovisno o vrsti i stadiju raka, terapija može biti namijenjena izliječenju, usporavanju rasta raka ili omogućavanju što ugodnijeg života. Dvije obećavajuće biološke terapije su genska terapija i angiogenska inhibicija. Razvijanje novih terapija koje će ciljno djelovati na produkte gena koji se eksprimiraju u određenim fazama rasta tumora omogućit će sprječavanje daljnjeg rasta i metastaziranje tumora. Cancer is a disease in which somatic cells multiplicate uncontrollably due to disfunctional regulation mechanisms. A malignant tumor is capable of invading into adjacent tissues and may be capable of spreading to distant tissues through blood and lymph vessels. The process by which tumor cells from a primary site invade and migrate to other parts of the body is called metastasis. Tumor cells undergo several major steps during metastasis: invasion, intravasation, transport, extravasation, and metastatic colonization. Metastatic colonization cannot be successful without the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones in a proces called angiogenesis. Each of these events is driven by the acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations within tumor cells and the co-option of nonneoplastic stromal cells. Metastases selectively colonize specific organs because of a ‘match’ between the migrating tumor cell and a suitable environment. As the bloodstream is the predominant means of long-distance transport and tumor cells can easily get stuck in the vasculature, organs in close proximity are likely to be main sites of metastasis for a particular primary tumor. On the contrary, the destination of metastasized cells can be genetically influenced by interactions between receptors lining the capillaries in certain a organ and tumor cells. Basic research findings have helped develop two new most promising therapies: gene and anti-angiogenic therapy. Developing new techniques which will target protein products of genes that are associated with primary tumor growth and risk of metastasis could give us hope of managing cancer. more...
- Published
- 2013
36. Immunhistokemisk undersökning av paraffinbäddade celler från pleuravätska som kompletterande underlag för diagnos av cancermetastaser
- Author
-
Ahrén, Anna
- Subjects
pleura ,monoclonal antibody ,Cdx2 ,Cell- och molekylärbiologi ,cytokeratin ,Cell and Molecular Biology ,metastatis ,immunhistochemical staining - Abstract
Background. Immunohistochemistry is a useful method in the differential diagnosis between pleural mesotheliomas and metastatic adenocarcinomas in the pleura. Cytokeratin 20 and 7 have been used successfully as markers in studies determining primary location of adenocarcinomas from metastases. The current study is a complementary research of archived paraffininbedded material of cases with cancer origin. This study contributes a bigger statistical material that may facilitate the search for unknown primary site of adenocarcinoma by identification of metastatic cells in the pleura. Methods. Cells from the pleura taken from fifteen patients with diagnosed cancer of different types and eleven patients with cancer of unknown origin, were stained with antibodies against the tumour markers: Ber EP 4, calretinin, cytokeratin 20 and 7, estrogen receptor α, thyroid transcription factor, prostate-specific antigen and Cdx2.The staining was conducted in an automated immunohistochemical system. The staining of each kind of antibody was confirmed by a control section staining. Results. All control staining ended perfect The whole panel of antibodies used on mammary cancer showed the same pattern for every antibody. Of the patients with cancer of unknown origin there were four that gave the same pattern, two men and two women. The women are deceased. To make a more careful evaluation more information and clinic background is needed. The number of samples is too small to draw any statistical conclusions. Comment. Although the control staining was perfect the negative result of CK20 in the cases of diagnosed colon cancer was unexpected. This staining should be performed again to confirm the result. In some cases the number of cells were to few for a certain evaluation. The slides and the results of this work will be archived for further research. more...
- Published
- 2005
37. Squamous carcinoma of the thyroid metastatic to the choroid: a report.
- Author
-
Puri, P., Motwani, N., and Pande, M.
- Subjects
- *
SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma , *CELLS , *CANCER - Abstract
Cancers metastatic to the eye are the most common intraocular malignancies. Breast, lung and gastrointestinal malignancies are the most common to the eye, with others forming a smaller group. This communication presents a very rare case of a choroidal secondary from a squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Asymptomatic metastatic small bowel carcinoid.
- Author
-
Hadjiminas, D., Hershman, M. J., and Rosin, R. D.
- Subjects
CARCINOID ,SMALL intestine cancer ,DISEASES in women ,TUMORS ,MEDICINE - Abstract
The article presents the medical case of a 76-year-old asymptomatic woman with small bowel carcinoid. The patient's medical history is described. The article points out the possibility that the patient could develop malignant carcinoid syndrome in the future. It suggests that inoperable metastatic disease may be treated by hepatic artery ligation or hyperthermic liver perfusion. more...
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Epidermal growth factor, neurotrophins and the metastatic cascade in prostate cancer
- Author
-
Mustafa B.A. Djamgoz and Ximena Montano
- Subjects
Male ,TGF alpha ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biophysics ,Metastatis ,Biochemistry ,Neurotrophins ,Receptor tyrosine kinase ,Paracrine signalling ,Structural Biology ,Epidermal growth factor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Growth factor receptor inhibitor ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,Nerve Growth Factors ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Molecular Biology ,trk ,Prostate cancer ,biology ,Growth factor ,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Epithelial Cells ,Cell Biology ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Androgens ,Stromal Cells ,Platelet-derived growth factor receptor ,Cell Division - Abstract
Although cancer of the prostate (CaP) is the most commonly occurring cancer in males, there are major limitations in its diagnosis and long-term cure. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of CaP is of particular importance for production of pharmacological and biological agents to manage the disease. The development of the normal prostate is regulated by stromal–epithelial interactions via endocrine and paracrine factors, such as androgens and growth factors, which act as precise homeostatic regulators of cellular proliferation. Importantly, after a period of hormonal therapy, CaP shifts from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent state with a concomitant switch from paracrine to autocrine growth factor stimulation and subsequent upregulation of growth factor expression. Thus, growth factors and their receptors have a pivotal role in CaP. This is emphasized by current evidence obtained from clinical specimens as well as several in vitro and in vivo models strongly suggesting that epidermal growth factor and the neurotrophins (nerve growth factor, brain derived neurotrophin factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4/5) together with their tyrosine kinase receptors could play a very significant role in CaP progression. more...
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Macrophage-Induced Lymphangiogenesis and Metastasis following Paclitaxel Chemotherapy Is Regulated by VEGFR3
- Author
-
Alishekevitz, Dror, Gingis-Velitski, Svetlana, Kaidar-Person, Orit, Gutter-Kapon, Lilach, Scherer, Sandra D., Raviv, Ziv, Merquiol, Emmanuelle, Ben-Nun, Yael, Miller, Valeria, Rachman-Tzemah, Chen, Timaner, Michael, Mumblat, Yelena, Ilan, Neta, Loven, David, Hershkovitz, Dov, Satchi-Fainaro, Ronit, Blum, Galia, P. Sleeman, Jonathan, Vlodavsky, Israel, and Shaked, Yuval more...
- Subjects
lymphangiogenesis ,host response ,VEGF-C ,chemotherapy ,3. Good health ,macrophages ,metastatis - Abstract
While chemotherapy strongly restricts or reverses tumor growth, the response of host tissue to therapy can counteract its anti-tumor activity by promoting tumor re-growth and/or metastases, thus limiting therapeutic efficacy. Here, we show that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3)-expressing macrophages infiltrating chemotherapy-treated tumors play a significant role in metastasis. They do so in part by inducing lymphangiogenesis as a result of cathepsin release, leading to VEGF-C upregulation by heparanase. We found that macrophages from chemotherapy-treated mice are sufficient to trigger lymphatic vessel activity and structure in naive tumors in a VEGFR3-dependent manner. Blocking VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis inhibits the activity of chemotherapy-educated macrophages, leading to reduced lymphangiogenesis in treated tumors. Overall, our results suggest that disrupting the VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis not only directly inhibits lymphangiogenesis but also blocks the pro-metastatic activity of macrophages in chemotherapy-treated mice. more...
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