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17 results on '"MESH: Ticks"'

1. Season, weight, and age, but not transmissible cancer, affect tick loads in the endangered Tasmanian devil

Author

Sophia Belkhir, Rodrigo Hamede, Frédéric Thomas, Beata Ujvari, Antoine M. Dujon, Deakin University [Burwood], École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (MIVEGEC-CREEC), Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM), and ANR-18-CE35-0009,TRANSCAN,ECOLOGIE ET EVOLUTION DES CANCERS TRANSMISSIBLES(2018)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Male, MESH: Transgenes, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Dependovirus, Microbiology, Tasmania, Ticks, MESH: Genetic Vectors, MESH: Plasmids, Neoplasms, Genetics, Animals, MESH: Animals, Molecular Biology, MESH: Mice, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Cancer, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Genetic Therapy, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Body Weight, Age Factors, MESH: Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Tick Infestations, Infectious Diseases, Marsupialia, Sarcophilus harrisii, Female, Ectoparasites, MESH: Tick Infestations, Seasons, MESH: Virus Integration
Abstract

International audience; The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is a carnivorous marsupial threatened by a transmissible cancer, devil facial tumour disease (DFTD). While we have a good understanding of the effect of the transmissible cancer on its host, little information is available about its potential interactions with ectoparasites. With this study, we aimed to determine the factors driving tick loads in a DFTD affected Tasmanian devil population, using long-term mark-recapture data. We investigated the effect of a range of life history traits (age, weight, sex, body condition) and of DFTD (time since DFTD arrival and presence of tumours) on the ectoparasitic tick load of the devils. Mixed effect models revealed that tick load in Tasmanian devils was primarily driven by season, weight, body condition and age. Young devils had more ticks compared to older or healthier devils. The reduction in Tasmanian devil population size over the past 14 years at the studied site had little effect on tick infestation. We also found that devils infected by DFTD had a similar tick load compared to those free of observable tumours, suggesting no interaction between the transmissible cancer and tick load. Our study highlights seasonality and life cycle as primary drivers of tick infestation in Tasmanian devils and the need for further investigations to integrate devil stress and immune dynamics with ectoparasite counts.

Published
2021
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2. Are Orienteers Protected Enough Against Tick Bites? Estimating Human Exposure to Tick Bites Through a Participative Science Survey during an Orienteering Competition

Author

Irene Carravieri, Cyril Galley, Jonas Durand, Claire Schmid, Pascale Frey-Klett, Laure Bournez, Julien Marchand, Vincent Godard, Annick Brun-Jacob, Béatrice Palin, Jean-François Cosson, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de la rage et de la faune sauvage de Nancy (LRFSN), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Permanent d'Initiation à l'Environnement Nancy Champenoux (CPIE Nancy Champenoux), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université de Paris (UP), Région Grand Est, the European Union with the support of the European Regional Development Fund, Fondation de France, ANR-11-LABX-0002,ARBRE,Recherches Avancées sur l'Arbre et les Ecosytèmes Forestiers(2011), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LabEx ARBRE : Advanced Research on the Biology of Tree and Forest Ecosystems ([LabEx ARBRE]), and AgroParisTech-CRITT Bois-Office national des forêts (ONF)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Propriété Forestière-European Forest Institute = Institut Européen de la Forêt = Euroopan metsäinstituutti (EFI)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Ixodes ricinus, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Population, lcsh:Medicine, Orienteering, Tick, MESH: Tick Bites, Competition (biology), Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Walking distance, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, prevention, citizen science, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, Bites and Stings, education, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, MESH: Ticks, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Tick Bites, biology, MESH: Insect Repellents, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, biology.organism_classification, tick, MESH: Bites and Stings, Geography, Human exposure, Insect Repellents, tick-bite exposure, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Demography
Abstract

International audience; Mass-participation events in temperate forests are now well-established features of outdoor activities and represent high-risk activities regarding human exposition to tick bites. In this study we used a citizen science approach to quantify the space–time frequency of tick bites and undetected tick bites among orienteers that participated in a 6-day orienteering competition that took place in July 2018 in the forests of Eastern France, and we looked at the use and efficacy of different preventive behaviors. Our study confirms that orienteers are a high-risk population for tick bites, with 62.4% of orienteers bitten at least once during the competition, and 2.4 to 12.1 orienteers per 100 orienteers were bitten by ticks when walking 1 km. In addition, 16.7% of orienteers bitten by ticks had engorged ticks, meaning that they did not detect and remove their ticks immediately after the run. Further, only 8.5% of orienteers systematically used a repellent, and the use of repellent only partially reduced the probability of being bitten by ticks. These results represent the first attempt to quantify the risk of not immediately detecting a tick bite and provide rare quantitative data on the frequency of tick bites for orienteers according to walking distance and time spent in the forest. The results also provide information on the use of repellent, which will be very helpful for modeling risk assessment. The study also shows that prevention should be increased for orienteers in France.

Published
2021
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3. [Cell biology of phlebovirus entry]

Author

Uckeley, Zina, Koch, Jana, Tischler, Nicole, Léger, Psylvia, Lozach, Pierre-Yves, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research [Heidelberg, Allemagne] (CIID), and Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg]

Subjects
Phlebovirus, fusion, RNA virus, MESH: Phlebovirus, viruses, receptor, bunyavirus, Ticks, MESH: Psychodidae, MESH: Arboviruses, Rift, arthropod, endocytosis, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, MESH: Animals, Domestic, cell entry, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Humans, banyangvirus, Uukuniemi, Toscana, arbovirus, Animals, Domestic, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, SFTSV, Psychodidae, Arboviruses
Abstract

International audience; Phleboviruses constitute a large group of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), mainly transmitted to their hosts by sandflies and ticks, occasionally by mosquitoes. These viruses have a worldwide distribution and many cause serious diseases - often fatal - in both domestic animals and humans. The global warming, the apparent wide distribution of arthropod reservoirs, and the increasing number of outbreaks show that phleboviruses must be taken seriously as emerging disease agents. This review proposes to focus on the early steps of phlebovirus infection, from virus binding to penetration into the cytosol. We address the most recent knowledge and advances in the entry of these viruses into vertebrate host cells, including virus receptors, cellular factors, endocytic pathways, and fusion.

Published
2019
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4. Case report of the patient source of the Babesia microti R1 reference strain and implications for travelers

Author

Emmanuel Cornillot, Peter J. Krause, Laurence Berry, Vasilica Ciubotaru, Choukri Ben Mamoun, Brinda Emu, Philipp Stahl, Yves Poinsignon, Pascal Pouedras, Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA), Dynamique des interactions membranaires normales et pathologiques (DIMNP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique [Vannes], CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, animal diseases, tick-borne disease, MESH: Tick Bites, law.invention, MESH: Babesia microti, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, law, MESH: Animals, MESH: Travel, Polymerase chain reaction, MESH: Aged, Tick-borne disease, Travel, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Babesiosis, General Medicine, 3. Good health, MESH: Babesiosis, Massachusetts, R1 strain, France, Antibody, MESH: Massachusetts, 030231 tropical medicine, Physical examination, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Tick, Babesia microti, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Medical history, MESH: Ticks, Aged, MESH: Humans, Tick Bites, business.industry, Original Articles, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, MESH: Male, MESH: France, 030104 developmental biology, Babesia, biology.protein, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

BackgroundIn 2002, a previously healthy 69-year-old man travelled to France from the United States and presented to our hospital with a febrile illness that subsequently was determined to be babesiosis. The blood isolated from this patient served as a source for propagation of the Babesia microti R1 strain with subsequent sequencing and annotation of the parasite genome.MethodsUpon admission, we obtained a medical history, performed a physical examination, and examined his blood for the presence of a blood borne pathogen by microscopy, PCR and indirect immunofluorescence antibody testing. Once the diagnosis of babesiosis was made, we reviewed the literature to assess the distribution of B. microti-associated babesiosis cases in immunocompetent patients from outside the USA.ResultsThe patient recalled a tick bite during the previous month on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The diagnosis was confirmed by identification of Babesia-infected red blood cells on blood smears, amplification of B. microti DNA in blood by PCR and the presence of B. microti antibody in the serum. This strain was the first isolate of B. microti to be fully sequenced and its annotated genome serves as a reference for molecular and cell biology studies aimed at understanding B. microti pathophysiology and developing diagnostic tests and therapies. A review of babesiosis cases demonstrates a worldwide distribution of B. microti and identifies potential emerging endemic areas where travelers may be at risk of contracting B. microti infection.ConclusionThis case provides clinical information about the patient infected with the R1 isolate and a review of travel risk, diagnosis and treatment of babesiosis in endemic and non-endemic areas.

Published
2017
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5. Changing distributions of ticks: causes and consequences

Author

Gwenaël Vourc’h, Christine Chevillon, Elsa Léger, Laurence Vial, Karen D. McCoy, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution of host-microbe communities (MIVEGEC-EVCO), Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
MESH: Geography, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population Dynamics, Phénotype, tick-borne disease, Introduced species, argasidae, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Ticks, 0302 clinical medicine, Génétique des populations, Abundance (ecology), ixodidae, MESH: Animals, skin and connective tissue diseases, 0303 health sciences, Habitat fragmentation, Geography, Ecology, biology, General Medicine, Épidémiologie, MESH: Introduced Species, Habitat, MESH: Arachnid Vectors, S50 - Santé humaine, L20 - Écologie animale, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, Ixodidae, habitat modification, Biotope, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, 030231 tropical medicine, Évaluation du risque, Context (language use), Relation hôte pathogène, Agent pathogène, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Humans, Surveillance épidémiologique, Transmission des maladies, global change, Maladie transmissible par tiques, MESH: Ticks, 030304 developmental biology, Changement climatique, MESH: Humans, Distribution spatiale, MESH: Population Dynamics, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 13. Climate action, Animal ecology, Insect Science, Biological dispersal, Écologie animale, Arachnid Vectors, sense organs, Introduced Species, Espèce envahissante
Abstract

International audience; Today, we are witnessing changes in the spatial distribution and abundance of many species, including ticks and their associated pathogens. Evidence that these changes are primarily due to climate change, habitat modifications, and the globalisation of human activities are accumulating. Changes in the distribution of ticks and their invasion into new regions can have numerous consequences including modifications in their ecological characteristics and those of endemic species, impacts on the dynamics of local host populations and the emergence of human and livestock disease. Here, we review the principal causes for distributional shifts in tick populations and their consequences in terms of the ecological attributes of the species in question (i.e. phenotypic and genetic responses), pathogen transmission and disease epidemiology. We also describe different methodological approaches currently used to assess and predict such changes and their consequences. We finish with a discussion of new research avenues to develop in order to improve our understanding of these host-vector-pathogen interactions in the context of a changing world.

Published
2012
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6. Influence of season and host age on wild boar parasites in Corsica using indicator species analysis

Author

Julia-Laurence Culioli, Joséphine Foata, Bernard Marchand, David Mouillot, Parasites et Ecosystèmes Méditerranéens (PEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Ecosystèmes lagunaires : organisation biologique et fonctionnement (ECOLAG), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Aging, Veterinary medicine, Nematoda, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Sus scrofa, MESH: Metastrongyloidea, 030231 tropical medicine, Parasitism, MESH: Nematoda, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 03 medical and health sciences, Ticks, 0302 clinical medicine, Species Specificity, Wild boar, Abundance (ecology), biology.animal, Phthiraptera, MESH: Ascaris suum, Animals, MESH: Species Specificity, MESH: Aging, MESH: Animals, MESH: Ecosystem, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Metastrongylus, Ascaris suum, Ecosystem, MESH: Ticks, 0303 health sciences, biology, Haematopinus suis, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Sus scrofa, MESH: France, Metastrongyloidea, Indicator species, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, France, Seasons, Indicator value, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, MESH: Lice, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The indicator value (Ind Val) method which combines measures of fidelity and specificity has been used in a study on wild boar parasites in Corsica during 2001–2003. Because of its resilience to changes in abundance,IndValis a particularly effective tool for ecological bioindication. TheInd Valmethod showed how season can influence the occurrence of parasite species in the wild boar, and also identified parasites as bioindicators relative to host age. The randomization test identified five parasite species having a significant indicator value for the season (the ticks,Hyalomma aegyptiumandRhipicephalus sanguineus, the louse,Haematopinus suisand the nematodesGlobocephalus urosubulatusandAscaris suumand two indicator species of an age class (the nematodesG. urosubulatusandMetastrongylussp.). Data on species composition and infection levels would help improve the monitoring and management of parasitism in Suidae populations.

Published
2006
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7. Single genotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum identified from ticks, Camargue, France

Author

Xavier Bailly, Gwenaël Vourc’h, Agnès Leblond, Sophie Pradier, Amélie Chastagner, Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Chastagner, Amélie, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, and École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Letter, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ixodes ricinus, lcsh:Medicine, Hyalomma marginatum, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, Rhipicephalus turanicus, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, characterization, MESH: Animals, bacteria, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Bacterial Proteins, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, tickborne, 0303 health sciences, biology, 3. Good health, Rhipicephalus, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Infectious Diseases, PCR, Rhipicephalus bursa, MESH: Ehrlichiosis, France, MESH: Tick Infestations, Dermacentor, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Microbiology (medical), Genotype, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 030231 tropical medicine, Tick, MESH: Genetic Loci, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, ticks, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Anaplasma, Horses, Letters to the Editor, MESH: Horses, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, lcsh:R, Ehrlichiosis, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Tick Infestations, zoonoses, MESH: France, Genetic Loci, Ixodes, Dermacentor marginatus, Anaplasmosis, MESH: Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Abstract

To the Editor: Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tickborne zoonosis caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacteria, which are emerging in Europe. Besides infecting humans, A. phagocytophilum infect a wide range of wild and domestic mammals (1). In Europe, the Ixodes ricinus tick is the main vector for the bacteria, but A. phagocytophilum has also been detected in association with Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor spp. ticks (2). The climate and biotopes of the Mediterranean region are particularly favorable for several species of ticks and, therefore, for tickborne diseases. Although I. ricinus ticks are rare or absent in the Mediterranean Basin, serosurveys performed on equine populations in Camargue, southern France, indicated an A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence of ≈10% (3). To investigate the prevalence and diversity of A. phagocytophilum bacteria in ticks in Camargue, we collected questing ticks from horse pastures and feeding ticks from horses. Ticks feeding on horses were collected in randomly selected stables during 2007 (84 stables), 2008 (72 stable), and 2010 (19 stables). The stables were chosen among those where evidence of A. phagocytophilum seroconversion in horses had been previously found (3). In 2008 and 2010, questing ticks were collected by the dragging method in 19 pastures, around bushes, and in areas where horses spent the most time. Surveys were conducted in the spring, which represents the peak activity time of Ixodes ticks. A total of 406 adult ticks were collected, representing 6 species: Rhipicephalus bursa, R. sanguineus, R. turanicus, R. pusillus, Dermacentor marginatus, and Hyalomma marginatum. Tick species were identified by morphologic criteria and molecular analyses based on mitochondrial 12S rDNA sequences (4). Total DNA was extracted from the ticks by using the NucleoSpin Tissue Kit (Macherey-Nagel, Duren, Germany) (5). A. phagocytophilum was detected by nested PCR targeting the 16S rDNA (Technical Appendix 1). Of the 406 ticks, 40 were infected with A. phagocytophilum. The infected group included ticks from all 6 collected species except R. pusillus. Infection rates among the species ranged from 0 to 22% (Technical Appendix 2). The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection did not differ significantly between species (logistic regression model, p = 0.76) but was higher among questing ticks than feeding ticks (p

Published
2013
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8. Cattle infestation by Hyalomma ticks and prevalence of Theileria in H. detritum species in Tunisia

Author

Mohamed Aziz Darghouth, L. Ben Miled, Ali Bouattour, Laboratoire d'Entomologie Médicale [Tunis, Tunisie], Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Ministère de l’Agriculture, des Ressources Hydrauliques et de la Pêche Maritime [Tunisie], and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)

Subjects
Male, Veterinary medicine, Range (biology), Cattle Diseases, medicine.disease_cause, Tropical theileriosis, 030308 mycology & parasitology, Ticks, 0302 clinical medicine, Theileria, MESH: Cattle Diseases, Prevalence, MESH: Animals, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Theileria, Transmission (medicine), Age Factors, General Medicine, MESH: Cattle, MESH: Arachnid Vectors, MESH: Theileriasis, Female, MESH: Tick Infestations, MESH: Tunisia, Tunisia, 030231 tropical medicine, Tick, MESH: Sex Ratio, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, Infestation, medicine, Animals, Sex Ratio, MESH: Prevalence, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Age Factors, General Veterinary, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, Theileriasis, Tick Infestations, Arachnid Vectors, Cattle, Parasitology, Hyalomma, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Seventy-four cattle, from three farms endemic for tropical theileriosis in the north of Tunisia, were studied for tick populations from June 1991 to June 1992. Ticks were removed from cattle twice a month in the summer and every month the rest of the year. They were identified and assessed for Theileria infection. A total of 5083 Hyalomma adult ticks were collected and the major species found was H. detritum (84.3%). The activity of this species is limited between June and August with a peak in numbers observed at the end of June and the beginning of July. Amongst the 2356 Hyalomma ticks dissected, no evidence of salivary gland infection was found in either H. m. marginatum or H. a. excavatum. However, 12.4% (277/2230) of H. d. detritum dissected ticks were infected with Theileria species and amongst these, 62% had one to two sporoblasts in their salivary glands (range 1-91). The prevalence, but not the intensity, of infection was greater in females than in male ticks, and the cases of tropical theileriosis followed the peak of infected females. This suggests that female ticks have a more important role in theileriosis transmission than male ticks. A significantly lower number of adult H. detritum were collected from calves, at their first tick season, than from adult cattle. Finally, this study showed that the infestation level of cattle by H. d. detritum and the prevalence of Theileria-infection in these cattle varied between the three farms studied.

Published
1996
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9. Prevalence and genetic diversity of piroplasm species in horses and ticks from Tunisia

Author

Ali Bouattour, Youmna M’ghirbi, Amaia Ros-García, Ana Hurtado, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario [Derio] (NEIKER), Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de Microbiologie Vétérinaire (LR11IPT03), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Hyalomma marginatum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, 030308 mycology & parasitology, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, Theileria, Genotype, Prevalence, MESH: Animals, MESH: Genetic Variation, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Babesiosis, MESH: Tunisia, MESH: Babesia, Microbiology (medical), Tunisia, Babesia caballi, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Molecular Sequence Data, Babesia, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Babesiosis, Genetic variation, parasitic diseases, Genetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, Animals, Horses, education, MESH: Horses, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, MESH: Prevalence, MESH: Ticks, Genetic diversity, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, ved/biology, Genetic Variation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Virology, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, Horse Diseases, MESH: Horse Diseases
Abstract

International audience; The genetic diversity and prevalence of Babesia and Theileria species in the equine population of Tunisia were studied using reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization on blood samples and unfed adult ticks collected from apparently healthy horses from three bioclimatic zones in Tunisia. Piroplasms were identified in 13 of 104 of the horse blood samples analyzed (12.5%) and five genotype groups were identified: Theileria equi group A (nine animals, 8.7%), group C (one animal, 1.0%) and group D (three animals, 2.9%), and Babesia caballi groups A and B (one animal each). All horses from the semi-arid zone were negative and prevalence in the humid and sub-humid zones were 12.9% and 20.0%, respectively. Three Ixodid tick species (Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma excavatum and Rhipicephalus bursa) were collected from examined horses and equine piroplasms were detected in 10.8% of them. T. equi groups A and D (9.2%), and B. caballi group B (1.6%) were identified in ticks. This work represents the first epidemiological report of equine piroplasmosis in Tunisia. Results showed a high level of diversity within the 18S rRNA gene of equine piroplasm species, and confirmed the presence in Tunisia of two T. equi genetic groups, C and D, only reported before in South Africa and Sudan.

Published
2012
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10. Personal protection against biting insects and ticks

Author

Legros, Fabrice, Ancelle, Thierry, Caumes, Eric, Dardé, Marie-Laure, Delmont, Jean, Descloitres, Robert, Imbert, Patrick, De Gentile, Ludovic, Migliani, R., Ouvrard, Patrick, Robert, Vincent, Duvallet, Gérard, Boulanger, Nathalie, Chandre, Fabrice, Colin De Verdiere, Nathalie, Consigny, Paul-Henri, Delaunay, Pascal, Depaquit, Jérôme, Doudier, Barbara, Franc, Michel, Moulin, Florence, Pagès, Frédéric, Prange, Aurélie, Quatresous, Isabelle, Saviuc, Philippe, Auvin, Stéphane, Carsuzza, Francis, Cochet, Amandine, Darriet, Frédéric, Demantke, Anne, Elefant, Elisabeth, Failloux, Anna-Bella, Lagneau, Christophe, Pecquet, Catherine, La Ruche, Guy, Sorge, Frédéric, Tarantola, Arnaud, Vauzelle, Catherine, Ajana, Faiza, Armengaud, Alexis, Boutin, Jean Paul, Chevallier, Sandrine, Gagnon, Suzanne, Genty, Sabine, Girod, Romain, Godineau, Nadine, Guigen, Claude, Hatchuel, Yves, Hengy, Claude, Izri, Arezki, Jean, Dominique, Jourdain, Frédéric, Lamaury, Isabelle, Marchou, Bruno, Masson, Valérie, Minodier, Philippe, Pérignon, Alice, Piccoli, Sylvie, Quinet, Béatrice, Yebakima, André, Santi-Rocca, Julien, Smith, Sherri, 'Personal Protection Against Vectors' working group (PPAV), PPAV working group, Epidémiologie, stratégies thérapeutiques et virologie cliniques dans l'infection à VIH, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de médecine (AMU MED), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital d'instruction des armées Bégin, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Bégin, Département d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique Nord, École du Val de Grâce (EVDG), Service de Santé des Armées-Service de Santé des Armées, Diversity, ecology, evolution & Adaptation of arthropod vectors (MIVEGEC-DEEVA), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Physiopathologie et Médecine Translationnelle (PMT), Vector Control Group (MIVEGEC-VCG), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Hôpital l'Archet, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neuropédiatrie [Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Référence sur les Agents Tératogènes [CHU Trousseau] (CRAT), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Génétique Moléculaire des Bunyavirus, Unité d'entomologie médicale, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de parasitologie, Hôpital Delafontaine, Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Toulouse], Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre de la Démoustication, Conseil General de la Martinique, This work has been funded by the 'Direction Générale de la Santé', the 'Société de Médecine des Voyages' and the 'Société Française de Parasitologie'. All the colleagues who have participated in the preparation of this document and the partner Societies and Institutions (Société de Pathologie Exotique, Société de Pathologie Infectieuse de Langue Française, Collège des Universitaires de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Société Française de Dermatologie, Groupe de Pédiatrie Tropicale de la Société française de Pédiatrie, Société de Formation Thérapeutique du Généraliste, Société Française de Médecine des Armées, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Service de Santé des Armées, Centre de Référence des Agents Tératogènes, Confédération du Logement et du Cadre de Vie) are thanked. Special thanks to Vivactis Plus (Ms Nathalie Pasquier-Desvignes) for the organization of the meetings and the coordination of the work ., Grelier, Elisabeth, Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur (CMIP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Inflammation, infection, immunologie et loco-moteur [CHU Toulouse] (Pôle I3LM Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Référence sur les Agents Tératogènes, Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales[Toulouse], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
Value (ethics), Disease, law.invention, Health personnel, MESH: Communicable Disease Control, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, Protective Clothing, vectors, law, Medicine, Travel medicine, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bites and Stings, MESH: Travel, Travel, Ecology, MESH: Insect Repellents, Public relations, Recommendations for Good Practice, 3. Good health, MESH: Bites and Stings, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Tick-Borne Diseases, MESH: Arachnid Vectors, MESH: Communicable Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Insecticide-Treated Bednets, personal protection, Veterinary (miscellaneous), 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Insect Vectors, Communicable Diseases, MESH: Protective Clothing, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Tick-Borne Diseases, MESH: Insect Bites and Stings, Animals, Humans, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, protection personnelle, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Specific-information, Outbreak, Insect Bites and Stings, vector borne diseases, arthropodes vecteurs, Insect Vectors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Insect Science, Insect Repellents, Communicable Disease Control, maladies à transmission vectorielle, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, Arachnid Vectors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Roaming, business, bonnes pratiques cliniques
Abstract

International audience; Recent events with the first cases of local transmission of chikungunya and dengue fever virus in southern France by Aedes albopictus, adding to the nuisance and potential vectors that can be encountered when traveling in tropical or sub-tropical countries, has shown the value of a reflection on the Personal protection against vectors (PPAV). It is seen during an outbreak of vector-borne disease, or simply because of nuisance arthropods, that our fellow citizens try to protect themselves individually by using an arsenal of resources available on the market. Yet most of these means have been neither checked for effectiveness or safety tests, however, essential. Travellers, staff on mission or assignment, are looking for specific information on how to protect themselves or their families. Health workers had at their disposal so far indications that vary widely from one source to another. Therefore it seemed important to the Society of Travel Medicine (SMV) and the French Society of Parasitology (SFP) to initiate a reflection on this theme. This reflection took the form of recommendations for good practice, following the outline established by the French High Health Authority (HAS). The aim was to gather all relevant information, verified and validated and the format to be used not only by health personnel (doctors, pharmacists, nurses), but also by travel agents and individuals. This document highlights the need to take into account the risk of vector-borne diseases, some deadly, and the benefit of various methods of personal protection. The choice of methods is clearly oriented towards those whose effectiveness has been proven and potential risks assessed. The paper finally proposes two decision trees based on the transmission type (day or night) and kind of stay (short or roaming, long and steady). It concerns travellers, but also expatriates, residents and nomads.

Published
2011
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11. Molecular epidemiology of Crimean- Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genome isolated from ticks of Hamadan province of Iran

Author

Tahmasebi F, Sm, Ghiasi, Ehsan Mostafavi, Moradi M, Piazak N, Mozafari A, Haeri A, Ar, Fooks, Chinikar S, Research and Science Branch, West Tehran Islamic Azad University [Tehran] (WTIAU), Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers [Tehran], Institut Pasteur d'Iran, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Entomology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Iran University of Medical Science, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Veterinary laboratory Agency, and This study was funded by the budget of the National Reference Labo- ratory for Arboviruses and Viral Haemorrhagic Fe- vers at Pasteur Institute of Iran

Subjects
Male, Molecular Sequence Data, RT-PCR, MESH: Sheep, Sheep Diseases, Genome, Viral, Iran, Ticks, parasitic diseases, CCHF, MESH: CCHF, MESH: Molecular Epidemiology, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, MESH: Ticks, Molecular Epidemiology, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Humans, Sheep, MESH: Sheep Diseases, MESH: Male, MESH: Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo, MESH: RT-PCR, MESH: Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, MESH: Arachnid Vectors, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo, MESH: Iran, Argas reflexus, Arachnid Vectors, Female, Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, MESH: Genome, Viral, MESH: Argas reflexus, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is a tick-borne member of the genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae. CCHFV has been isolated from at least 31 different tick species. The virus is transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, or by direct contact with CCHFV-infected patients or the products of infected livestock. This study was undertaken to study the genetic relationship and distribution of CCHFV in the tick population of Hamadan province of Iran. METHOD: In this study, RT-PCR has been used for detection of the CCHFV genome. RESULTS: This genome was detected in 19.2% of the ticks collected from livestock of different regions of the Hamadan province in western Iran. The infected species belonged to Hyalomma detritum, H. anatolicum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Argas reflexus. With one exception, genetic analysis of the virus genome isolates showed high sequence identity to each other. Even though they clustered in the same group with the strain circulating in Iran, they had a closer relationship to the Matin strain. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Vector control programs should be applied for reducing population density of potential tick vectors in this province. Further surveys are indicated in this region to provide a better view of the distribution and epidemiology of the virus.

Published
2010

12. Phylogenetic analysis in a recent controlled outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in the south of Iran, December 2008

Author

Chinikar S, Sm, Ghiasi, Mojtaba Ghiasi S, Moradi M, Mm, Goya, Reza Shirzadi M, Zeinali M, Ehsan Mostafavi, Pourahmad M, Haeri A, National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses and Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers, Institut Pasteur d'Iran, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre for Disease Control (CDC), Ministry of Health and Medical Education [Iran] (MOHME), Jahrom Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University, and This study was performed funded by the budget of the National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses and Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers at Pasteur Institute of Iran.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Epidemiology, Fulminant, Iran, Antibodies, Viral, Disease Outbreaks, Serology, Ticks, 0302 clinical medicine, Zoonoses, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Medicine, MESH: Animals, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Cross Infection, 0303 health sciences, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transmission (medicine), Mortality rate, 3. Good health, MESH: Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo, MESH: Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, MESH: RNA, Viral, Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, MESH: Livestock, Livestock, Viral disease, MESH: Zoonoses, 030231 tropical medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Animals, Humans, Serologic Tests, MESH: Ticks, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Molecular epidemiology, business.industry, MESH: Serologic Tests, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MESH: Cross Infection, Outbreak, MESH: Iran, Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, business, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract

International audience; Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate in humans. The CCHF virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of Ixodid ticks or contact with blood or tissues of CCHF patients or infected livestock. In December 2008, a re-emerging outbreak of CCHF occurred in the southern part of Iran. Five people were hospitalised with sudden fever and haemorrhaging, and CCHF was confirmed by RT-PCR and serological assays. One of the cases had a fulminant course and died. Livestock was identified as the source of infection; all animals in the incriminated herd were serologically analysed and more than half of them were positive for CCHFV. We demonstrated that two routes of transmission played a role in this outbreak: contact with tissue and blood of infected livestock, and nosocomial transmission. Phylogenetic analyses helped to identify the origin of this transmission. This outbreak should be considered as a warning for the national CCHF surveillance system to avoid further outbreaks through robust prevention and control programmes.

Published
2010
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13. Emergence of Rickettsia slovaca infection in Brittany, France

Author

Frédéric Méchaï, Olivier Lortholary, Jean-Marc Rolain, Jean-Paul Viard, Marc Lecuit, M. Revest, Fanny Lanternier, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Necker], Microorganismes et Barrières de l'Hôte (Equipe avenir), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), DIAKITE, andrée, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
MESH: Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Prevalence, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ticks, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Antibodies, Bacterial, MESH: Animals, Rickettsia, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, MESH: Bacterial Proteins, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Rickettsia Infections, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Antibodies, Bacterial, Rickettsia slovaca, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Tick-Borne Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, France, MESH: Citrate (si)-Synthase, DNA, Bacterial, Microbiology (medical), 030231 tropical medicine, Citrate (si)-Synthase, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Tick-Borne Diseases, Bacterial Proteins, Animals, Humans, MESH: Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Humans, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, 030306 microbiology, Rickettsia Infections, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Rickettsia, Virology, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: France, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2009
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14. Fièvre recurrente à tiques: un diagnostic non rare au décours d'un séjour touristique au Sénégal [Recurrent tick-borne fever: a possible diagnosis in patients returning from Senegal]

Author

Patrat-Delon, Solène, Drogoul, Anne Sophie, Le Ho, Hélène, Biziraguzenyuka, Jérémie, Rabier, Valérie, Arvieux, Cédric, Michelet, Christian, Chevrier, Sylviane, Tattevin, Pierre, Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Signalisation et Réponses aux Agents Infectieux et Chimiques (SeRAIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Université de Rennes (UR)

Subjects
MESH: Humans, MESH: Plasmodium, MESH: Adult, MESH: Amoxicillin, MESH: Injections, Intravenous, Borréliose, MESH: Recurrence, MESH: Tick-Borne Diseases, Sénégal, MESH: Senegal, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, MESH: Borrelia Infections, MESH: Animals, Fièvre récurrente à tiques, MESH: Travel, MESH: Female, MESH: Treatment Outcome, MESH: Ticks
Abstract

International audience; In Senegal, tick-borne relapsing fever caused by the spirochetes Borrelia crucidurae is the most common cause of fever after malaria in rural areas. However, this is only rarely diagnosed in France, probably because: i) the diagnosis relies on investigations that are not routinely done; ii) even undiagnosed, borreliosis may be cured with empirical antibiotic treatment. We report four observations of tick-borne relapsing fever in patients returning from Senegal: In two patients, the diagnosis relied on the observation of spirochetes in blood smears; in the other two, the diagnosis relied on typical clinico-biological signs, borreliosis serology and exposure. These four cases diagnosed over a four year period in one institution suggest that relapsing fever is not rare in patients returning from West Africa. Patients who return form Senegal with unexplained fever should be investigated with careful examination of blood smears and PCR on blood samples.

Published
2008
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15. A molecular survey of Theileria and Babesia parasites in cattle, with a note on the distribution of ticks in Tunisia

Author

Y, M'ghirbi, A, Hurtado, J F, Barandika, J, Brandika, K, Khlif, Z, Ketata, A, Bouattour, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Neiker-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (SPAIN), Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario [Derio] (NEIKER), Circonscription Santé Animale, CRDA Zaghouan, and This work was supported by grant from the Ministry for Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology in Tunisia.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Hyalomma marginatum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030308 mycology & parasitology, 0403 veterinary science, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, Theileria, MESH: Cattle Diseases, Acari, MESH: Animals, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Theileria, Ricinus, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 3. Good health, MESH: Cattle, MESH: Babesiosis, Infectious Diseases, Blood, MESH: Theileriasis, MESH: Tick Infestations, MESH: Tunisia, Ixodidae, MESH: Babesia, Ixodes ricinus, Tunisia, 040301 veterinary sciences, 030231 tropical medicine, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: DNA, Protozoan, Babesia, Cattle Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Babesiosis, parasitic diseases, MESH: Blood, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, Animals, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH: Ticks, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, General Veterinary, Babesia bovis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, Protozoan, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Theileriasis, Tick Infestations, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, Insect Science, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Parasitology, Cattle
Abstract

International audience; Between October and November 2006, a total of 278 bovine blood samples were examined, and 104 (37.4%) were positive for piroplasms by microscopy. A reverse line blot hybridisation with polymerase chain reaction detected Theileria annulata, T. buffeli, Babesia bovis and B. bigemina in cattle accounting for 48.6% of positive samples. The most frequently found species was T. buffeli, which was present in 39.2% of the samples. T. annulata was found in 48 samples (17.3%). Babesia infections were less frequently detected: B. bovis was found in 6.8% of the samples and B. bigemina in 4.3%. Mixed infections were detected in 45 samples, accounting for seven different combinations of species. Seven Ixodid tick species (Boophilus annulatus, Ixodes ricinus, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma detritum, Haemaphysalis punctata and Haemaphysalis sulcata) were collected from examined cattle in the 23 visited farms. I. ricinus was the dominant species (36%), mainly collected in the humid zone, while it seemed to be very rare in the semi-arid zone (where only 15 specimens were collected), whereas B. annulatus was the most commonly collected species in the sub-humid area (68.5% of ticks collected in this zone).

Published
2008
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16. Guidelines for the diagnosis of tick-borne bacterial diseases in Europe

Author

S. Lotric Furlan, Giuseppe Caruso, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, O. Peter, Didier Raoult, D. Postic, A. Bjoërsdorff, Marina Cinco, Mogens Jensenius, Yiannis Tselentis, Fátima Bacellar, Philippe Parola, A Téllez, E. Francavilla, B. Wilske, Max Maurin, Philippe Brouqui, Richard J. Birtles, András Lakos, G. Baranton, Hermann Laferl, C. Perez-Eid, José A. Oteo, J. Kazar, José Ramón Blanco, Pathologies transmissibles et pathologies infectieuses tropicales (PTPIT), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-EFS-DSSHA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESCMID (ESCAR), ESCMID [Basel], European Network for Surveillance of Tick-Borne Diseases, European Community, Department of Microbiology and parasitology, University of Santiago de Compostela-Faculty of Veterinary Science, Unité des Rickettsies et pathogènes émergents (URPE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Grenoble, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), This work was supported by the European Commission (EC QLK2-CT-2002-01293) and the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC )-Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, review, tick-borne disease, Biology, Tick, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Tick-Borne Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Lyme disease, Ticks, Borrelia, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, guidelines, Rickettsia, Borrelia burgdorferi, Intensive care medicine, Rickettsieae, MESH: Arthropod Vectors, MESH: Ticks, 0303 health sciences, Tick-borne disease, MESH: Humans, Obligate, 030306 microbiology, Arthropod Vectors, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Tick-Borne Diseases, Immunology, Identification (biology), MESH: Europe
Abstract

Ticks are obligate haematophagous acarines that parasitise every class of vertebrate (including man) and have a worldwide distribution. An increasing awareness of tick-borne diseases among clinicians and scientific researchers has led to the recent description of a number of emerging tick-borne bacterial diseases. Since the identification of Borrelia burgdorferi as the agent of Lyme disease in 1982, 11 tick-borne human bacterial pathogens have been described in Europe. Aetiological diagnosis of tick-transmitted diseases is often difficult and relies on specialised laboratories using very specific tools. Interpretation of laboratory data is very important in order to establish the diagnosis. These guidelines aim to help clinicians and microbiologists in diagnosing infection transmitted by tick bites and to provide the scientific and medical community with a better understanding of these infectious diseases.

Published
2004
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17. A preliminary study on the attenuation of Tunisian schizont-infected cell lines of Theileria annulata

Author

M. Kilani, L. Ben Miled, Ali Bouattour, C.G.D. Brown, T. R. Melrose, Mohamed Aziz Darghouth, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Ministère de l’Agriculture, des Ressources Hydrauliques et de la Pêche Maritime [Tunisie], Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, and This work was supported by the European Union (project TS2-0260-UK)

Subjects
Protozoan Vaccines, Tunisia, 030231 tropical medicine, Heterologous, Virulence, Antigens, Protozoan, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Vaccines, Attenuated, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ticks, Immunity, Genotype, MESH: Vaccines, Attenuated, MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic, Parasite hosting, Animals, MESH: Animals, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH: Ticks, 0303 health sciences, Tropical Climate, Polymorphism, Genetic, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, MESH: Protozoan Vaccines, Immunogenicity, General Medicine, Virology, Theileria annulata, Theileriasis, MESH: Cattle, Infectious Diseases, Cell culture, Genetic marker, Insect Science, MESH: Theileriasis, MESH: Tropical Climate, MESH: Biomarkers, Parasitology, Cattle, MESH: Theileria annulata, MESH: Tunisia, Biomarkers, MESH: Antigens, Protozoan
Abstract

International audience; Four Theileria annulata cell lines were characterised at low passage levels using two polymorphic markers and then used to infect calves. Their virulence seemed to be related to the number of genotypes present within the cell line. In all, 3 of the 4 cell lines were cultured up to passage 100 or 200 and inoculated into calves. Their characterisation using the same markers indicated that the attenuation was related to a reduction in the parasite polymorphism down to a single genotype. The immunogenicity of the three attenuated cell lines was assessed in calves using two types of challenge. Optimal protection was observed against homologous challenges. The level of immunity to heterologous challenges appeared to decrease with attenuation and seemed to depend on the cell line used.

Published
1996
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