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14 results on '"MESH: Fusarium"'

1. Natural Occurrence of Mycotoxin-Producing Fusaria in Market-Bought Peruvian Cereals: A Food Safety Threat for Andean Populations

Author

Pascal Pineau, Stéphane Bertani, Nadia Ponts, Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín, Juan Pablo Cerapio, Eloy Ruiz, Sylvain Chéreau, Florence Richard-Forget, Sandro Casavilca-Zambrano, Laetitia Pinson-Gadais, Christine Ducos, Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pharmacochimie et Biologie pour le Développement (PHARMA-DEV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse / Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas [Lima, Pérou] (INEN), This research was funded by the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health, grant number ENV201408. S.B. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, agreement number 823935. P.V.O. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) (04077858). JPC was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT)., and European Project: 823935,H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018,COCLICAN(2018)

Subjects
MESH: Dietary Exposure, MESH: Zea mays, MESH: Food Supply, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Toxicology, MESH: Risk Assessment, Food Supply, Dietary Exposure, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fusarium, Peru, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, MESH: Fusarium, biology, Commerce, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, 3. Good health, corn, MESH: Edible Grain, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Population, Trichothecene, MESH: Consumer Product Safety, MESH: Mycotoxins, Risk Assessment, Zea mays, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.01 [https], Fumonisins B, Fusarium toxins, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, education, Mycotoxin, MESH: Peru, MESH: Food Microbiology, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Potential risk, business.industry, lcsh:R, Mycotoxins, biology.organism_classification, Food safety, MESH: Commerce, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, chemistry, Consumer Product Safety, Food Microbiology, business, Edible Grain, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Consumption of cereals contaminated by mycotoxins poses health risks. For instance, Fumonisins B, mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum, and the type B trichothecene deoxynivalenol, typically produced by Fusarium graminearum, are highly prevalent on cereal grains that are staples of many cultural diets and known to represent a toxic risk hazard. In Peru, corn and other cereals are frequently consumed on a daily basis under various forms, the majority of food grains being sold through traditional markets for direct consumption. Here, we surveyed mycotoxin contents of market-bought grain samples in order to assess the threat these mycotoxins might represent to Peruvian population, with a focus on corn. We found that nearly one sample of Peruvian corn out of six was contaminated with very high levels of Fumonisins, levels mostly ascribed to the presence of F. verticillioides. Extensive profiling of Peruvian corn kernels for fungal contaminants could provide elements to refine the potential risk associated with Fusarium toxins and help define adapted food safety standards. This research was funded by the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health, grant number ENV201408. S.B. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, agreement number 823935. P.V.O. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) (04077858). JPC was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT).

Published
2021
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2. Natural occurrence of mycotoxin-producing fusaria in market-bought peruvian cereals

Author

Ducos, Christine, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Chéreau, Sylvain, Richard-Forget, Florence, Vásquez-Ocmín, Pedro, Cerapio, Juan Pablo, Casavilca-Zambrano, Sandro, Ruiz, Eloy, Pineau, Pascal, Bertani, Stephane, Ponts, Nadia, Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pharmacochimie et Biologie pour le Développement (PHARMA-DEV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse / Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas [Lima, Pérou] (INEN), This research was funded by the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health, grant number ENV201408. S.B. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, agreement number 823935. P.V.O. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) (04077858). JPC was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT)., and European Project: 823935,H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018,COCLICAN(2018)

Subjects
MESH: Fusarium, MESH: Humans, MESH: Dietary Exposure, MESH: Food Supply, MESH: Zea mays, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Consumer Product Safety, MESH: Mycotoxins, MESH: Risk Assessment, MESH: Commerce, corn, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, MESH: Edible Grain, Fumonisins B, Peru, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Food Microbiology, MESH: Peru, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Consumption of cereals contaminated by mycotoxins poses health risks. For instance, Fumonisins B, mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum, and the type B trichothecene deoxynivalenol, typically produced by Fusarium graminearum, are highly prevalent on cereal grains that are staples of many cultural diets and known to represent a toxic risk hazard. In Peru, corn and other cereals are frequently consumed on a daily basis under various forms, the majority of food grains being sold through traditional markets for direct consumption. Here, we surveyed mycotoxin contents of market-bought grain samples in order to assess the threat these mycotoxins might represent to Peruvian population, with a focus on corn. We found that nearly one sample of Peruvian corn out of six was contaminated with very high levels of Fumonisins, levels mostly ascribed to the presence of F. verticillioides. Extensive profiling of Peruvian corn kernels for fungal contaminants could provide elements to refine the potential risk associated with Fusarium toxins and help define adapted food safety standards.

Published
2021
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3. Voriconazole topical cream formulation: evidence for stability and antifungal activity

Author

Philippe-Henri Secrétan, Romain Guery, David Nguyen, Salvatore Cisternino, Fanny Lanternier, Fabrice Vidal, Sylvain Auvity, Olivier Lortholary, Joël Schlatter, Camille Bouchand, Jérémie F. Cohen, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence Mycoses Invasives et Antifongiques - National Reference Center Invasive Mycoses & Antifungals (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Génétique et Génomique des Insectes Vecteurs, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Antifungal Agents, MESH: Drug Interactions, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Administration, Topical, Skin Cream, Skin infection, 0302 clinical medicine, Fusarium, Pharmacology (medical), Drug Interactions, 030212 general & internal medicine, topical, MESH: Arm, Fusarium solani, MESH: Skin Cream, skin infection, MESH: Fusarium, Right forearm, food and beverages, MESH: Voriconazole, General Medicine, 3. Good health, MESH: Administration, Topical, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Arm, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Antifungal, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Local infection, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Voriconazole, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Neurotoxicity, MESH: Adult, stability, MESH: Fusariosis, medicine.disease, MESH: Antifungal Agents, Dermatology, MESH: Male, Topical cream, Fusariosis, fungi, business
Abstract

International audience; Systemic use of voriconazole (VCZ) might be restricted by adverse events, such as hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity, or drug-drug interactions. Topical VCZ application to skin may help to treat local infection more effectively and limit unwanted whole-body exposure. Topical VCZ cream was stable for 90 days when refrigerated. A patient with cutaneous Fusarium solani infection on his right forearm was successfully treated with topical 1% VCZ cream after failure of oral VCZ treatment.

Published
2020
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4. Transposon-tagging identifies novel pathogenicity genes in Fusarium graminearum

Author

Taiguo Liu, Gert H. J. Kema, Cees Waalwijk, Sarrah Ben M’Barek, Xu Zhang, Marie-Josée Daboussi, Theo van der Lee, Marie Dufresne, Xiude Xu, Wenwei Zhang, Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Transposable element, family, oxysporum, Transposon tagging, MESH: Triticum, arabidopsis-thaliana, MESH: Virulence, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Genome, Insertional mutagenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Plant Diseases, Fusarium, mediated transformation, Genetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Gene, Triticum, Transposase, Plant Diseases, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Fusarium, MESH: Genetic Complementation Test, 0303 health sciences, Biointeracties and Plant Health, Virulence, magnaporthe-grisea, Genetic Complementation Test, filamentous fungi, food and beverages, Sleeping Beauty transposon system, inverted-repeat elements, Laboratorium voor Phytopathologie, Mutagenesis, Insertional, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: DNA Transposable Elements, MESH: Mutagenesis, Insertional, Laboratory of Phytopathology, DNA Transposable Elements, insertional mutagenesis, rice blast fungus, PRI Biointeractions en Plantgezondheid, Transposon mutagenesis, genome-wide analysis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; With the increase of sequenced fungal genomes, high-throughput methods for functional analyses of genes are needed. We assessed the potential of a new transposon mutagenesis tool deploying a Fusarium oxysporum miniature inverted-repeat transposable element mimp1, mobilized by the transposase of impala, a Tc1-like transposon, to obtain knock-out mutants in Fusarium graminearum. We localized 91 mimp1 insertions which showed good distribution over the entire genome. The main exception was a major hotspot on chromosome 2 where independent insertions occurred at exactly the same nucleotide position. Furthermore insertions in promoter regions were over-represented. Screening 331 mutants for sexual development, radial growth and pathogenicity on wheat resulted in 19 mutants (5.7%) with altered phenotypes. Complementation with the original gene restored the wild-type phenotype in two selected mutants demonstrating the high tagging efficiency. This is the first report of a MITE transposon tagging system as an efficient mutagenesis tool in F. graminearum.

Published
2008
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5. Fusarium graminearum on plant cell wall: No fewer than 30 xylanase genes transcribed

Author

Jean-Marc Jeltsch, Elizabet Petkovski, Vincent Phalip, Didier Hatsch, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Klotz, Evelyne

Subjects
Enzymologic, Transcription, Genetic, Xylose, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Biochemistry, Xylans/chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endo-1, Fusarium, Cell Wall, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Gene expression, Non-U.S. Gov't, Genetics, MESH: Fusarium, biology, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, food and beverages, Fungal, Xylanase, Gibberella, Xylans, Transcription, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Glycoside Hydrolases, Biophysics, 4-beta Xylanases/genetics/*metabolism, Fungus, Research Support, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, MESH: Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases, Microbiology, Cell wall, MESH: Cell Wall, Genetic, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], MESH: Glycoside Hydrolases, Humulus, Molecular Biology, Gene, Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases, MESH: Humulus, MESH: Transcription, Genetic, fungi, Fusarium/*metabolism, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cell Biology, Glycoside Hydrolases/chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Humulus/microbiology, MESH: Xylans, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry, Cell Wall/*enzymology/*microbiology
Abstract

0006-291X (Print) Journal Article; The transcription of a set of 32 putative xylanase genes from Fusarium graminearum was examined by quantitative PCR after growth on different carbon sources (hop cell wall, xylan, xylose, or carboxymethylcellulose). Growing on plant cell wall medium, this fungus displays a great diversity of expression of xylan-related genes, with 30 being induced. A second level of diversity exists because expression patterns can be very different for loci encoding enzymes with the same activity (the same EC number). The wealth of xylan-degrading enzymes and the differential expression confer on the fungus a great flexibility of reaction to variation in its environment.

Published
2006
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6. Diversity of the exoproteome of Fusarium graminearum grown on plant cell wall

Author

Emmanuelle Leize-Wagner, Florence Goubet, Vincent Phalip, François Delalande, Didier Hatsch, Christine Carapito, Paul Dupree, Jean-Marc Jeltsch, Alain Van Dorsselaer, Klotz, Evelyne, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Substances naturelles/chimie moléculaire, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Ecole européenne de chimie, polymères et matériaux [Strasbourg]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC)

Subjects
Polysaccharides/chemistry, Humulus lupulus, MESH: Plants, MESH: Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, Proteomics, Cellulose 1, Plant Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism, Fusarium, Cell Wall, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Glucose/metabolism, Non-U.S. Gov't, Plant Proteins, chemistry.chemical_classification, MESH: Fusarium, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Plant Proteins, biology, food and beverages, General Medicine, Plants, 4-beta-Cellobiosidase/chemistry/metabolism, MESH: Glucose, Biochemistry, Fusarium/*chemistry/growth & development, Fungus, Research Support, Microbiology, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cell Wall, Polysaccharides, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, Genetics, Extracellular, Secretion, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, Plants/*microbiology, 030306 microbiology, Cell Wall/chemistry/*metabolism, Plant, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Polysaccharides, Glucose, Enzyme, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry
Abstract

0172-8083 (Print) Journal Article; The exoproteome of the fungus Fusarium graminearum grown on glucose and on hop (Humulus lupulus, L.) cell wall has been investigated. The culture medium was found to contain a higher quantity of proteins and the proteins are more diverse when the fungus is grown on cell wall. Using both 1D and 2D electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry analysis and protein identification based on similarity searches, 84 unique proteins were identified in the cell wall-grown fungal exoproteome. Many are putatively implicated in carbohydrate metabolism, mainly in cell wall polysaccharide degradation. The predicted carbohydrate-active enzymes fell into 24 different enzymes classes, and up to eight different proteins within a same class are secreted. This indicates that fungal metabolism becomes oriented towards synthesis and secretion of a whole arsenal of enzymes able to digest almost the complete plant cell wall. Cellobiohydrolase is one of the only four proteins found both after growth on glucose and on plant cell wall and we propose that this enzyme could act as a sensor of the extracellular environment. Extensive knowledge of this very diverse F. graminearum exoproteome is an important step towards the full understanding of Fusarium/plants interactions.

Published
2005
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7. Use of genes encoding cellobiohydrolase-C and topoisomerase II as targets for phylogenetic analysis and identification of Fusarium

Author

Jean-Marc Jeltsch, Vincent Phalip, Didier Hatsch, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, and Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
MESH: Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, MESH: DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, DNA, Ribosomal, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fusarium, Phylogenetics, Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, MESH: Phylogeny, Molecular Biology, Genotyping, Gene, Phylogeny, MESH: DNA, Intergenic, Genetics, MESH: Fusarium, MESH: DNA, Ribosomal, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Intron, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Fusarium sporotrichioides, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, chemistry, MESH: Genome, Fungal, DNA, Intergenic, Genome, Fungal, Fusarium solani, DNA
Abstract

Molecular identification and phylogenetic studies rely to a large extent on rDNA sequence polymorphism. In the field of fungal taxonomy, despite the use of huge amounts of rDNA data available, some species within a given genus remain indistinguishable. Therefore, new target sequences need to be selected and validated. This is the case for Fusarium, which includes numerous species most of which are involved in both animal and plant pathologies. In addition to the rDNA fragment encompassing the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 and the 5.8 S sequence, two newly characterized genes were used as molecular markers for Fusarium species genotyping. The cellobiohydrolase-C (cbh-C) and the topoisomerase II (topII) gene parts were cloned and sequenced for at least one isolate of each of the eleven different species of our collection. Both cbh-C and topII were found to be single copy genes. DNA fragments amplified by PCR in order to establish phylogenetic trees range from 1123 to 1157 bp for rDNA and from 327 to 344 bp for cbh-C (this part contains one intron). The topII gene part encoding the carboxy-terminus of the ATP binding domain of the enzyme is constant in length with a value of 724 bp. PAUP-generated phylogenetic analyses based either on cbh-C or topII data enabled all species to be distinguished, and were more informative than those resulting from rDNA sequences. Furthermore, a combination of the three datasets enhanced the accuracy of the analyses and open up new possibilities for rapid molecular identification and evolution studies within the Fusarium genus.

Published
2004
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8. Development of a bipartite method forFusariumidentification based on cellobiohydrolase-C: CAPS and Western blot analysis

Author

Vincent Phalip, Jean-Marc Jeltsch, Didier Hatsch, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Carapito, Raphael

Subjects
Fusarium, Humulus lupulus, Blotting, Western, MESH: Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, Humulus, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Gene Amplification, Microbiology, Cellulase, Western blot, Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase, Genetics, medicine, MESH: Blotting, Western, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, DNA, Fungal, Molecular Biology, Gene, chemistry.chemical_classification, MESH: Fusarium, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Gene Amplification, MESH: Cellulase, food and beverages, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, biology.organism_classification, MESH: DNA, Fungal, Enzyme, chemistry
Abstract

The identification of 12 Fusarium strains isolated from diseased hops (Humulus lupulus, L.) was achieved by a strategy based on cellobiohydrolase-C: cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence analysis targeting the gene and the use of an antibody directed against a peptide of the Fusarium graminearum enzyme. This strategy is shown to be rapid and reliable for all the Fusarium of our collection: F. avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. sambucinum, F. sporotrichioides, F. tricinctum and F. venenatum.

Published
2002
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9. The fusarium graminearum genome reveals a link between localized polymorphism and pathogen specialization

Author

David R. Nelson, Hans-Werner Mewes, H. Corby Kistler, Weihong Qi, Kerry O'Donnell, John C. Kennell, Scott E. Baker, Liane R. Gale, Igor V. Tetko, Jon K. Magnuson, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Martin Münsterkötter, Martijn Rep, Karen Hilburn, Jiqiang Yao, B. Gillian Turgeon, Thérèse Ouellet, Hadi Quesneville, Li-Jun Ma, Todd J. Ward, Linda J. Harris, Gerhard Adam, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, Sarah E. Calvo, Scott Kroken, M. Isabel G. Roncero, Kye Yong Seong, Jin-Rong Xu, Gertrud Mannhaupt, Yueh-Long Chang, Antonio Di Pietro, Ulrich Güldener, Christina A. Cuomo, Evan Mauceli, Rudolf Mitterbauer, John F. Antoniw, Rubella S. Goswami, David DeCaprio, Martin Urban, Cees Waalwijk, Jonathan D. Walton, Sante Gnerre, Frances Trail, Thomas K. Baldwin, Bruce W. Birren, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institute for Bioinformatics (MIPS), GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Cornell University [New York], Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Rothamsted Research, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), U.S. Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service - Cereal Disease Laboratory (USDA), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Saint Louis University (SLU), University of Arizona, University of Tennessee Memphis, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center [Memphis] (UTHSC), USDA ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (USDA ARS,), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Photochemistry, National Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Institute Bioorganic Chemistry an Photochemistry, Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Molecular Plant Pathology (SILS, FNWI), Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Cornell University, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], and Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR)

Subjects
localized polymorphism, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, neurospora, Sequence analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genomics, Gene mutation, Biology, dna, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Plant Diseases, Fusarium, MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic, medicine, Point Mutation, DNA, Fungal, Gene, MESH: Evolution, Molecular, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Diseases, MESH: Point Mutation, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, MESH: Fusarium, Multidisciplinary, Polymorphism, Genetic, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Biointeracties and Plant Health, 030306 microbiology, Point mutation, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, food and beverages, Hordeum, Sequence Analysis, DNA, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], MESH: DNA, Fungal, MESH: Hordeum, MESH: Genome, Fungal, Fusarium graminearum genome, PRI Biointeractions en Plantgezondheid, Genome, Fungal, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract

We sequenced and annotated the genome of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum , a major pathogen of cultivated cereals. Very few repetitive sequences were detected, and the process of repeat-induced point mutation, in which duplicated sequences are subject to extensive mutation, may partially account for the reduced repeat content and apparent low number of paralogous (ancestrally duplicated) genes. A second strain of F. graminearum contained more than 10,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were frequently located near telomeres and within other discrete chromosomal segments. Many highly polymorphic regions contained sets of genes implicated in plant-fungus interactions and were unusually divergent, with higher rates of recombination. These regions of genome innovation may result from selection due to interactions of F. graminearum with its plant hosts.

Published
2007
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10. The efficacy of voriconazole in 24 ocular Fusarium infections

Author

Anne-Lise Bienvenu, Olivier Lortholary, M. Cornet, Gaelle Obenga, Christine Chaumeil, Thomas Gaujoux, Karine Sitbon, Frédéric Grenouillet, Stéphane Ranque, Peter F. Troke, Vincent Borderie, Pablo Goldschmidt, D. Pons, The Old Court, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (CHNO), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Hôtel Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre National de Référence des Mycoses invasives et antifongiques - Mycologie moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) ( LCE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] ( UBFC ), Parasitologie-Mycologie CHU Besançon, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur

Subjects
Male, FUSARIUM INFECTIONS, Antifungal Agents, genetic structures, Treatment outcome, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Fusarium, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, MESH: Treatment Outcome, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Fusarium, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, food and beverages, MESH: Voriconazole, General Medicine, Middle Aged, humanities, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Anesthesia, Eye Infections, Fungal, medicine.drug, MESH: Eye Infections, Fungal, Microbiology (medical), Fusariosis, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Keratitis, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Voriconazole, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Eye infection, Triazoles, MESH: Fusariosis, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Antifungal Agents, Dermatology, eye diseases, MESH: Male, body regions, Pyrimidines, MESH: Triazoles, MESH: Pyrimidines, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, business
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE: We examined, retrospectively, the efficacy of voriconazole in Fusarium eye infections. METHODS: Voriconazole-treated patients with proven or probable keratitis or endophthalmitis from the voriconazole database (9 patients) and six French ophthalmology departments (15 patients) were included. Sociodemographic features, predisposing factors, history of corneal trauma, associated ocular conditions, other diseases and prior therapies were analysed. Investigator-determined success was defined as infection resolution with medical treatment. Failure was no response or persistent infection and required surgery. RESULTS: Most patients were Caucasian (83 %) and male (71 %). The infection was keratitis (63 %) or endophthalmitis (37 %) and proven in 23 (96 %). Prior therapy included topical and/or systemic amphotericin (46 %), fluconazole (17 %) or others (33 %), often in combination. Causative fungi were Fusarium solani (14, 58 %), Fusarium moniliforme (1), Fusarium oxysporum (1) and Fusarium spp. (8). Voriconazole was administered systemically, topically and/or by intraocular injection, and 16 patients (67 %) received salvage and eight primary therapy. The overall response was 67 % (73 % keratitis and 56 % endophthalmitis) but seven patients required adjunctive surgery. However, response was 63 % for eight primary therapy patients and 69 % for 16 salvage therapy patients. Response by species was Fusarium solani 64 % (9/14) and all others 80 % (8/10). In 13 patients (77 %), voriconazole was used in combination (response 69 vs. 64 % alone) with topical [amphotericin B 10/24 (42 %), caspofungin 5 (21 %), natamycin 1 (4 %)] and systemic agents [caspofungin 3 (13 %), amphotericin 2 (8 %)]. CONCLUSIONS: Topical and systemic voriconazole appears to be effective alone or in combination with other agents for treating severe Fusarium keratitis or endophthalmitis.

Published
2013
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11. International retrospective analysis of 73 cases of invasive fusariosis treated with voriconazole

Author

Pinaki Biswas, Raoul Herbrecht, Issam I Raad, Karine Sitbon, Elisabeth Chachaty, Peter F. Troke, Denis Caillot, Anne-Lise Bienvenu, Frédéric Grenouillet, Muriel Cornet, Claire Lacroix, John H. Greene, Gaelle Obenga, Olivier Lortholary, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Mycologie moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris], CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Département de biologie et pathologie médicales [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre National de Référence des Borrelia (CNR), Microbiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service d'Hématologie, CHU Strasbourg, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire ( CNRMA ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Centre National de Référence des Borrelia ( CNR ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) ( LCE ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] ( UBFC )

Subjects
Male, Antifungal Agents, MESH : Retrospective Studies, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH : Pyrimidines, MESH : Aged, MESH : Child, Preschool, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Fusarium, MESH : Child, MESH: Child, MESH : Female, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, MESH: Treatment Outcome, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Fusarium, MESH: Middle Aged, Immunosuppression, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.drug, Adult, Fusariosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Combination therapy, MESH : Male, MESH : Antifungal Agents, MESH : Young Adult, MESH : Treatment Outcome, Clinical Therapeutics, Neutropenia, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, MESH: Mycoses, MESH : Adolescent, Internal medicine, MESH : Triazoles, medicine, Humans, MESH : Fusarium, MESH : Middle Aged, Aged, Retrospective Studies, MESH : Mycoses, Pharmacology, Voriconazole, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, Retrospective cohort study, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Triazoles, medicine.disease, MESH: Antifungal Agents, MESH: Male, Surgery, Transplantation, Pyrimidines, Mycoses, MESH: Triazoles, MESH: Pyrimidines, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

The outcomes for 73 invasive fusariosis patients treated with voriconazole were investigated. Patients with proven ( n = 67) or probable ( n = 6) infections were identified from the voriconazole clinical database ( n = 39) and the French National Reference Center for Mycoses and Antifungals database ( n = 34). Investigator-determined success was a complete or partial response. Survival was determined from day 1 of voriconazole therapy to the last day known alive. Patients were 2 to 79 years old (median, 43 years), and 66% were male. Identified Fusarium species (62%) were F. solani , F. moniliforme , F. proliferatum , and F. oxysporum . Underlying conditions analyzed included hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT; 18%), hematologic malignancy (HM; 60%), chronic immunosuppression (CI; 12%), or other condition (OC; 10%). Infection sites were brain (5%), disseminated excluding brain (67%), lungs/sinus (15%), and other (12%). Most patients (64%) were or had recently been neutropenic (3 ). Therapy duration was 1 to 480 days (median, 57 days), with a 47% success rate. Baseline neutropenia impacted success adversely ( P ≤ 0.03). Success varied by underlying condition (HSCT, 38%; HM, 45%; CI, 44%; OC, 71%) and infection site (brain, 0%; disseminated, 45%; other, 56%; lung/sinus, 64%) ( P > 0.05). Combination therapy (13 patients) was no better than treatment with voriconazole alone. Overall, 59% of the patients died (49% died of fusariosis), and 90-day survival was 42%. Site of infection influenced survival ( P = 0.02). Median survival (in days) by species was as follows: F. solani , 213; F. oxysporum , 112; Fusarium spp., 101; F. proliferatum , 84; F. moniliforme , 76. We conclude that voriconazole is a therapeutic option for invasive fusariosis.

Published
2010
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12. Comparative genomics reveals mobile pathogenicity chromosomes in Fusarium

Author

Xiaohui Xie, Liande Li, B. Gillian Turgeon, Daren W. Brown, Christina A. Cuomo, Etienne Danchin, M. Carmen Ruiz-Roldán, Ilan Wapinski, Petra M. Houterman, Aviv Regev, Sharadha Sakthikumar, Diego Miranda-Saavedra, James E. Galagan, Lokesh Kumar, Michael Koehrsen, Divya Sain, Sean M. Sykes, Martijn Rep, Yong-Hwan Lee, Chinnappa D. Kodira, Andrew C. Diener, Li-Jun Ma, B. H. Bluhm, Won-Bo Shim, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, H. Charlotte van der Does, Jeffrey J. Coleman, Jin-Rong Xu, David C. Schwartz, John F. Antoniw, John M. Manners, Robert H. Proctor, Sook Young Park, Sinéad B. Chapman, Seogchan Kang, Liane R. Gale, Kemal Kazan, Karen Hilburn, Pedro M. Coutinho, Olen C. Yoder, Stephen A. Goff, Robert A. E. Butchko, Gyungsoon Park, Bernard Henrissat, Katherine A. Borkovich, H. Corby Kistler, Michael Freitag, Aurélie Hua-Van, Mala Mukherjee, Scott E. Baker, Shiguo Zhou, Qiandong Zeng, Donald M. Gardiner, Manfred Grabherr, Wilfried Jonkers, Marie Josée Daboussi, Marie Dufresne, Andrew Breakspear, Charles P. Woloshuk, Antonio Di Pietro, Sarah Young, Richard M.R. Coulson, Jongsun Park, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], VU University Amsterdam, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California, University of Arizona, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], Oregon State University (OSU), Architecture et fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques - UMR 6098 (AFMB), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Texas A&M University System, Purdue University, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Rothamsted Research, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute, Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), ARS, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Cornell University [New York], Independent, Molecular Plant Pathology (SILS, FNWI), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Proteome, MESH: Virulence, Genome, Fusarium, DISEASE RESISTANCE, MESH: Phylogeny, MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD, MESH: Evolution, Molecular, Phylogeny, Genomic organization, Genetics, MESH: Fusarium, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Virulence, MESH: Genomics, Fungal genetics, food and beverages, MESH: Synteny, Genomics, MESH: Chromosomes, Fungal, MESH: Proteome, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Phenotype, Multigene Family, MESH: Genome, Fungal, Chromosomes, Fungal, Genome, Fungal, HOST PATHOGEN RELATIONSHIPS, FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM, FUSARIUM VERTICILLIODES, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Plant disease resistance, MESH: Phenotype, MESH: Host-Parasite Interactions, Synteny, Article, Host-Parasite Interactions, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Fusarium oxysporum, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM, 030304 developmental biology, RELATION HOTE-PARASITE, Comparative genomics, 030306 microbiology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, POLYMORPHISM, MESH: Multigene Family, PATHOGENICITY
Abstract

International audience; Fusarium species are among the most important phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi. To understand the molecular underpinnings of pathogenicity in the genus Fusarium, we compared the genomes of three phenotypically diverse species: Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our analysis revealed lineage-specific (LS) genomic regions in F. oxysporum that include four entire chromosomes and account for more than one-quarter of the genome. LS regions are rich in transposons and genes with distinct evolutionary profiles but related to pathogenicity, indicative of horizontal acquisition. Experimentally, we demonstrate the transfer of two LS chromosomes between strains of F. oxysporum, converting a non-pathogenic strain into a pathogen. Transfer of LS chromosomes between otherwise genetically isolated strains explains the polyphyletic origin of host specificity and the emergence of new pathogenic lineages in F. oxysporum. These findings put the evolution of fungal pathogenicity into a new perspective.

Published
2010
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13. The transposon impala is activated by low temperatures: use of a controlled transposition system to identify genes critical for viability of Aspergillus fumigatus

Author

Danny Tuckwell, Paul Carr, Jason David Oliver, Peter Hey, Mike Birch, Christophe d'Enfert, Michael Bromley, Laurence Simon, F2G [Manchester], Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Manchester [Manchester], NC non communiqué, Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques (BPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
MESH: Cold Temperature, Gene Expression, Transposases, Haploidy, Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transposase, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, MESH: Microbial Viability, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Fusarium, biology, MESH: Kinetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Aspergillus nidulans, Organelle organization, Articles, General Medicine, MESH: Haploidy, Cold Temperature, MESH: DNA Transposable Elements, MESH: Aspergillus fumigatus, Transposable element, MESH: Gene Expression, Genes, Fungal, MESH: Transformation, Genetic, Microbiology, Aspergillus nidulans, Parasexual cycle, 03 medical and health sciences, Transformation, Genetic, MESH: Promoter Regions, Genetic, MESH: Diploidy, Molecular Biology, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Microbial Viability, 030306 microbiology, biology.organism_classification, Diploidy, Kinetics, Mutagenesis, Insertional, MESH: Mutagenesis, Insertional, DNA Transposable Elements, MESH: Transposases, Transposon mutagenesis, MESH: Genes, Fungal
Abstract

Genes that are essential for viability represent potential targets for the development of anti-infective agents. However, relatively few have been determined in the filamentous fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus . A novel solution employing parasexual genetics coupled with transposon mutagenesis using the Fusarium oxysporum transposon impala had previously enabled the identification of 20 essential genes from A. fumigatus ; however, further use of this system required a better understanding of the mode of action of the transposon itself. Examination of a range of conditions indicated that impala is activated by prolonged exposure to low temperatures. This newly identified property was then harnessed to identify 96 loci that are critical for viability in A. fumigatus , including genes required for RNA metabolism, organelle organization, protein transport, ribosome biogenesis, and transcription, as well as a number of noncoding RNAs. A number of these genes represent potential targets for much-needed novel antifungal drugs.

Published
2010
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14. DNA polymorphism among Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis populations from oil palm, using a repeated and dispersed sequence 'Palm'

Author

Isabelle Mouyna, Yves Brygoo, Jean-Luc Renard, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), We thank Dr. M. H. Lebrun for helpful sug- gestions and for critically reading the manuscript, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Unité de recherche Phytopathologie et Méthodologies de la Détection (PMDV)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Identification, F. oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Restriction Mapping, ADN, Fingerprint, Elaeis guineensis, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Trees, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fusarium, Repetitive sequence, Genomic library, Soil Microbiology, MESH: Restriction Mapping, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Fusarium, food and beverages, General Medicine, Fusarium oxysporum, DNA profiling, Provenance, Oil palm, RFLP, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Palm, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Séquence nucléotidique, education, Champignon, Biology, Agent pathogène, complex mixtures, 03 medical and health sciences, Sonde à ADN, Botany, Genetics, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, H20 - Maladies des plantes, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, MESH: Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, biology.organism_classification, body regions, MESH: Trees, Hybridation d'ADN, chemistry, MESH: Soil Microbiology, DNA, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; A worldwide collection, of 76 F. oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis isolates (Foe), and of 21 F. oxysporum isolates from the soil of several palm grove was analysed by RFLP. As a probe, we used a random DNA fragment (probe 46) from a genomic library of a Foe isolate. This probe contains two different types of sequence, one being repeated and dispersed in the genome ``Palm'', the other being a single-copy sequence. All F. oxysporum isolates from the palm-grove soils were non-pathogenic to oil palm. They all had a simple restriction pattern with one band homologous to the single-copy sequence of probe 46. All Foe isolates were pathogenic to oil palm and they all had complex patterns due to hybridization with ``Palm''. This repetitive sequence reveals that Foe isolates are distinct from the other F. oxysporum palm-grove soils isolates. The sequence can reliably discriminate pathogenic from non-pathogenic oil palm isolates. Based on DNA fingerprint similarities, Foe populations were divided into ten groups consisting of isolates with the same geographic origin. Isolates from Brazil and Ecuador were an exception to that rule as they had the same restriction pattern as a few isolates from the Ivory Coast, suggesting they may originated from Africa.

Published
1996
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