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12 results on '"MESH: Endophthalmitis"'

1. Incidence of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery a nationwide study in France from 2005 to 2014

Author

Creuzot Garcher, Catherine, Benzenine, Eric, Mariet, AS, de Lazzer, Aurélie, Chiquet, Christophe, Bron, Alain, Quantin, Catherine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), OEil, nutrition et signalisation cellulaire [CSGA], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (CHU de Dijon) (DIM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (CHU de Dijon) ( DIM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques ( CIC-EC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses ( B2PHI ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF )

Subjects
MESH : Retrospective Studies, diagnosis, MESH : Age Distribution, MESH : Aged, intracameral antibiotics, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, prevention, MESH: Risk Factors, Ophtalmology, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH : Female, MESH: Incidence, MESH : Anti-Bacterial Agents, MESH : F Factor, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH : Acute Disease, MESH : Phacoemulsification, MESH : Adult, MESH : Risk Factors, MESH : Incidence, [ SDV.MHEP.OS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, MESH : Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH: Acute Disease, prophylaxis, ascrs member survey, MESH: Cefuroxime, MESH : Male, MESH : Endophthalmitis, MESH: Multivariate Analysis, institution, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, MESH: Endophthalmitis, MESH : Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, MESH : France, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Age Distribution, medicare population, MESH: Humans, MESH: F Factor, MESH : Humans, bacterial endophthalmitis, MESH : Multivariate Analysis, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, MESH: Male, cefuroxime, MESH: France, injection, MESH : Postoperative Complications, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, MESH : Cefuroxime, MESH: Phacoemulsification
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE:To report the incidence of acute postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) after cataract surgery from 2005 to 2014 in France.DESIGN:Cohort study.PARTICIPANTS:Patients undergoing operation for cataract surgery by phacoemulsification and presenting acute POE.METHODS:We identified acute POE occurring within 6 weeks after phacoemulsification cataract surgery and the use of intracameral antibiotic injection during the surgical procedure by means of billing codes from a national database.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Incidence of acute POE.RESULTS:From January 2005 to December 2014, 6 371 242 eyes in 3 983 525 patients underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery. The incidence of acute POE after phacoemulsification decreased from 0.145% to 0.053% during this 10-year period; the unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) (95% confidence interval) was 0.37 (0.32-0.42; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, intracameral antibiotic injection was associated with a lower risk of acute POE 0.53 (0.50-0.57; P < 0.001), whereas intraoperative posterior capsule rupture, combined surgery, and gender (male) were associated with a higher risk of acute POE: 5.24 (4.11-6.68), 1.77 (1.53-2.05), and 1.48 (1.40-1.56) (P < 0.001), respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Access to a national database allowed us to observe a decrease in acute POE after phacoemulsification cataract surgery from 2005 to 2014. Within the same period, the use of intracameral antibiotics during the surgical procedures increased.

Published
2016

2. Alcaligenes Xylosoxidans Endophthalmitis Following Phacoemulsification and Intraocular Lens Implantation

Author

Christian Martin, Jean Paul Adenis, Marie Cécile Ploy, Pierre Parneix, Fabien Garnier, Delphine Chainier, Pierre Yves Robert, Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Biologie moléculaire et cellulaire des microorganismes (EA3175), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM), and Bucek, Ingrid

Subjects
Male, Visual acuity, medicine.medical_treatment, Visual Acuity, Intraocular lens, MESH: Visual Acuity, Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH: Vancomycin, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, Lens Implantation, Intraocular, Suture (anatomy), [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH: Lens Implantation, Intraocular, Cefazolin, MESH: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, 3. Good health, Ciprofloxacin, MESH: Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, medicine.symptom, MESH: Equipment Contamination, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Cefazolin, 03 medical and health sciences, Vancomycin, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Ophthalmology, medicine, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Humans, Aged, MESH: Humans, Phacoemulsification, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Eye infection, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, MESH: Drug Therapy, Combination, MESH: Achromobacter denitrificans, Achromobacter denitrificans, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Equipment Contamination, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Phacoemulsification
Abstract

Five consecutive cases of endophthalmitis that developed after cataract extraction by a single surgeon using the same operating room during one morning session are described. Following preoperative topical administration of ciprofloxacin, surgery consisted of phacoemulsification with peristaltic pump and fluid venting, polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens implantation, and corneal suture. No complications occurred during surgery. All five patients developed endophthalmitis caused by infection with Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in less than 24 hours. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to prove similarity between strains. Bacterial inquiry on contamination of the operating room environment revealed massive colonization of phacoemulsifier irrigation channels by Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria from an unestablished source. Four of the five patients ultimately recovered visual acuity better than 20/60.

Published
2008

3. Three cases of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis due to Rhizobium (Agrobacterium) radiobacter

Author

Pierre Loïc Cornut, Max Maurin, Sandrine Boisset, Viviane Moreau-Gaudry, Yvonne Benito, Alain M. Bron, Christophe Chiquet, Jacques Croize, François Vandenesch, Department of Ophtalmology, CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre National de référence des Staphylocoques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble

Subjects
Male, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH : Molecular Sequence Data, genetic structures, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH : Aged, Vitrectomy, Case Reports, MESH : Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, 80 and over, MESH: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, MESH : Female, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Cataract Extraction, MESH: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacterial, 3. Good health, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, RNA, Bacterial, MESH : Agrobacterium tumefaciens, medicine.anatomical_structure, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Rhizobium, Female, MESH: RNA, Bacterial, Sequence Analysis, Bacterial dna, Microbiology (medical), Pars plana, MESH : Cataract Extraction, 16S, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Male, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH : Endophthalmitis, Cataract Extraction, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, MESH: Endophthalmitis, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, Ribosomal, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Humans, Gram-negative bacterial infections, 030306 microbiology, MESH : Humans, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, MESH : RNA, Bacterial, Cataract surgery, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, eye diseases, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH : RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, RNA, sense organs, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, MESH : Sequence Analysis, DNA, Agrobacterium radiobacter
Abstract

We present three unrelated post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis cases caused by Rhizobium radiobacter , hospitalized in three different hospitals. Early diagnosis was obtained in two cases by bacterial DNA detection in vitreous samples. All patients recovered from infection, but pars plana vitrectomy was needed in two patients due to rapid clinical deterioration.

Published
2012

4. Relationship between baseline clinical data and microbiologic spectrum in 100 patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis

Author

Cornut, Pierre-Loïc, Thuret, Gilles, Creuzot-Garcher, Catherine, Maurin, Max, Pechinot, Andre, Bron, Alain, Gain, Philippe, Carricajo, Anne, Denis, Philippe, Romanet, Jean-Paul, Vandenesch, Francois, Chiquet, Christophe, Renseigné, Non, Department of Ophtalmology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Biologie, Ingénierie et Imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée (EA 2521, JE2521, IFR143), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne (UB), Department of Microbiology, CHU Saint-Etienne, Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Centre National de référence des Staphylocoques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Biologie, Ingénierie et Imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée ( EA 2521, JE2521, IFR143 ), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
Intraocular pressure, Visual acuity, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Aged, MESH : Prospective Studies, MESH : Analysis of Variance, Fundus (eye), MESH: Visual Acuity, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH : Female, MESH : Intraocular Pressure, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH : Visual Acuity, MESH: Cataract Extraction, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, MESH : Acute Disease, MESH: Staphylococcus, General Medicine, baseline clinical data, 3. Good health, MESH: Acute Disease, medicine.symptom, MESH : Visual Perception, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Cataract Extraction, MESH : Male, MESH : Endophthalmitis, MESH: Streptococcus, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Hypopyon, acute postcataract endophthalmitis, 03 medical and health sciences, postoperative endophthalmitis, MESH: Intraocular Pressure, MESH : Streptococcus, Ophthalmology, MESH: Analysis of Variance, medicine, microbiologic spectrum, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Medical history, MESH : Middle Aged, MESH : Bacteria, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Staphylococcus, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Phacoemulsification, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Bacteria, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, business, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

EA MERS CT3 Enjeu 3; International audience; PURPOSE: To correlate the initial ocular presentation with bacterial identification in 100 patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. METHODS: This was a prospective multicenter study. Demographic data, medical history, and the initial eye examination data were recorded on a standardized form. The relationship between bacterial identification and clinical factors at baseline was studied using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: One hundred patients were admitted to the hospital with a median delay of 6 days after cataract surgery. The main symptoms were loss of vision (94.9%) and pain (75.5%). Major clinical signs were hypopyon (72%), pupillary fibrin membrane (77.5%), and loss of fundus visibility (90%). Baseline factors significantly associated with microbiologic identification were as follows: diabetes mellitus, a shorter delay of onset, initial visual acuity limited to light perception, higher intraocular pressure, chemosis, pupillary fibrin membrane, loss of the red reflex, and reduced fundus visibility. As compared with other bacteria, the identification of Streptococcus species (n = 19) was more frequently associated with male gender, diabetes mellitus, initial visual acuity limited to light perception, and pain. The Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis group (n = 14) differed from other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus groups (n = 33) in that those patients had greater hypopyon height. CONCLUSION: The baseline features of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in the era of phacoemulsification are similar to those reported in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study 15 years ago and differ according to the bacterial species. The association between the clinical signs and the microbiologic identification suggests that initial characteristics other than visual acuity may be useful in identifying patients presumed to be infected with a virulent species.

Published
2012

5. Analysis of diluted vitreous samples from vitrectomy is useful in eyes with severe acute postoperative endophthalmitis

Author

Chiquet , Christophe, Maurin , Max, Thuret , Gilles, Benito , Yvonne, Cornut , Pierre-Loïc, Creuzot-Garcher , Catherine, Rouberol , Frédéric, Pechinot , André, Lina , Gérard, Romanet , Jean-Paul, Bron , Alain, Vandenesch , François, Renseigné , Non, Department of Ophtalmology, CHU Grenoble, Département des agents infectieux, Service d'ophtalmologie, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Hôpital Bellevue, Immunité infection vaccination ( I2V ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hôpital Bellevue, Immunité infection vaccination (I2V), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR128-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Male, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Colony Count, Microbial, MESH : Aged, MESH : Prospective Studies, MESH : Vitrectomy, Vitrectomy, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Eye Infections, Bacterial, Cohort Studies, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH : DNA, Ribosomal, MESH : DNA, Bacterial, MESH : Female, Prospective Studies, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH : Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Aged, MESH: Cataract Extraction, 0303 health sciences, MESH: DNA, Ribosomal, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH : Acute Disease, Outcome measures, Diagnostic test, Bacterial Typing Techniques, 3. Good health, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute Disease, MESH: Acute Disease, MESH : Eye Infections, Bacterial, Female, DNA, Bacterial, Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Cataract Extraction, MESH : Colony Count, Microbial, MESH : Male, MESH : Endophthalmitis, MESH : Cohort Studies, Cataract Extraction, DNA, Ribosomal, MESH: Bacterial Typing Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, McNemar's test, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, MESH: Endophthalmitis, MESH : Bacteria, MESH: Colony Count, Microbial, Aged, Brain-heart Infusion broth, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH: Vitreous Body, MESH : Humans, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, medicine.disease, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, eye diseases, Vitreous Body, MESH : RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, MESH: Bacteria, MESH: Vitrectomy, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, MESH : Bacterial Typing Techniques, MESH : Postoperative Complications, business, MESH : Vitreous Body, MESH: Female, Acute postoperative endophthalmitis
Abstract

Purpose This study was designed to compare the diagnostic yield of microbiological analysis performed on diluted and undiluted vitreous samples from pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. Design Cohort study, evaluation of diagnostic test or technology. Participants Patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis ( Methods Undiluted and diluted vitreous samples were taken from 34 consecutive patients at the beginning of PPV as part of the multicenter prospective study of the French Institutional Endophthalmitis Study (FRIENDS) group. Vitrectomy was performed after 1 (n = 12) or 2 (n = 22) intravitreous antibiotic injections. McNemar's nonparametric test was used to compare culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results between diluted and undiluted samples. Main Outcome Measures Rate of positivity of conventional culture (brain heart infusion broth) and eubacterial PCR tests from undiluted and diluted vitreous samples. Results The microbiological analysis of both undiluted and diluted vitreous samples detected and identified a bacterial pathogen in 26 out of 34 cases (76.4%). The analysis of undiluted and diluted vitreous at the time of PPV, using eubacterial PCR and conventional culture, gave similar results ( P = 0.99; McNemar test). However, eubacterial PCR was more sensitive than culture in detecting bacteria in vitreous at the time of PPV (76% vs 6%; P = 0.001; McNemar test). The difference in sensitivity between the 2 techniques was primarily associated with false-negative culture results for undiluted samples (2/3 of cases), mainly for coagulase-negative staphylococci. Conclusions The microbiological results obtained combining PCR and culture techniques were similar for diluted vitreous and undiluted vitreous analysis. When eubacterial PCR is available, sampling diluted vitreous, an easier procedure, may replace sampling undiluted vitreous. Financial Disclosure(s) The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.

Published
2009

6. [Acute endophthalmitis: from bacteria to clinical settings]

Author

Chiquet, C., Cornut, P.-L., Vinh, V., Maurin, M., Romanet, J.-P., Service d'Ophtalmologie [Grenoble], Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Department of Ophtalmology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
MESH: Lenses, Intraocular, MESH: Bacterial Infections, Anterior Chamber, MESH: Aqueous Humor, MESH: Staphylococcal Infections, Visual Acuity, MESH: Anterior Chamber, Cataract Extraction, MESH: Virulence, MESH: Bacteriological Techniques, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Prognosis, MESH: Visual Acuity, Aqueous Humor, MESH: Streptococcal Infections, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Streptococcal Infections, Vitrectomy, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Surgical Wound Infection, MESH: Filtering Surgery, Lenses, Intraocular, MESH: Cataract Extraction, Bacteriological Techniques, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Humans, Virulence, MESH: Chronic Disease, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bacterial Infections, Staphylococcal Infections, Prognosis, MESH: Vitrectomy, Acute Disease, Chronic Disease, Filtering Surgery, MESH: Acute Disease
Abstract

International audience; The clinical presentation of endophthalmitis depends on numerous factors, especially the bacteria involved, which determines the delay of infection, the amount of ocular inflammation, and the final prognosis. Results of epidemiological studies have provided a better understanding of the correlation between bacteria and clinical characteristics. Some clinical signs may help the clinician to suspect a virulent bacterium. Clinical and microbiological factors are essential to guide the therapeutic strategy in patients with acute endophthalmitis.

Published
2008

7. [Microbiological and clinical diagnosis of acute endophthalmitis]

Author

Chiquet, C., Benito, Y., Croize, J., Romanet, J.-P., Vandenesch, F., Maurin, M., Service d'Ophtalmologie [Grenoble], Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Immunité infection vaccination (I2V), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR128-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de Réference des Staphylocoques, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH: Bacterial Infections, MESH: Aqueous Humor, MESH: Staphylococcal Infections, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, MESH: Bacteriological Techniques, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Aqueous Humor, MESH: Streptococcal Infections, Predictive Value of Tests, Streptococcal Infections, Vitrectomy, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Surgical Wound Infection, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, MESH: Eubacterium, MESH: Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Bacteriological Techniques, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Humans, Eubacterium, MESH: Vitreous Body, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bacterial Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Staphylococcal Infections, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, Eye Injuries, Penetrating, MESH: Eye Injuries, Penetrating, Vitreous Body, MESH: Vitrectomy, Acute Disease, MESH: Acute Disease, MESH: Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
Abstract

International audience; The microbiological study identifies the bacterial spectrum after surgery, in acute, delayed-onset, or chronic endophthalmitis. DNA amplification of eubacterium-specific sequences in DNA extracted from ocular samples is a new tool for the etiological diagnosis of endophthalmitis. The most successful way to identify bacteria in endophthalmitis is the association of conventional cultures and panbacterial PCR on vitreous samples. Both techniques are complementary. The efficacy of these new molecular techniques should modify our future therapeutic strategies.

Published
2008

8. Microbiologic identification of bleb-related delayed-onset endophthalmitis caused by moraxella species

Author

Cornut, Pierre-Loïc, Chiquet, Christophe, Bron, Alain, Romanet, Jean-Paul, Lina, Gérard, Lafontaine, Pierre-Olivier, Benito, Yvonne, Pechinot, André, Burillon, Carole, Vandenesch, François, Denis, Philippe, Renseigné, Non, Department of Ophtalmology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Grenoble, Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Immunité infection vaccination (I2V), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne (UB), Biomatériaux et remodelages matriciels, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Immunité infection vaccination ( I2V ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [Rouen], CHU Rouen-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), and Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU )

Subjects
Male, Visual acuity, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Antibiotics, MESH : Aged, MESH : Prospective Studies, MESH : Vitrectomy, Glaucoma, Vitrectomy, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Eye Infections, Bacterial, Surgical Flaps, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, MESH : Filtering Surgery, MESH: Moraxella, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH : DNA, Bacterial, MESH : Female, Prospective Studies, MESH : Anti-Bacterial Agents, MESH : Moraxellaceae Infections, Moraxella species, MESH : Polymerase Chain Reaction, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Cataract Extraction, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH: Moraxellaceae Infections, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Filtering Surgery, MESH : Surgical Flaps, MESH : Eye Infections, Bacterial, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, DNA, Bacterial, Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Cataract Extraction, medicine.drug_class, Moraxellaceae Infections, MESH : Male, MESH: Aqueous Humor, MESH : Endophthalmitis, Cataract Extraction, Aqueous Humor, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, medicine, Humans, Moraxella, MESH: Endophthalmitis, MESH : Middle Aged, Bleb (cell biology), MESH : Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Filtering Surgery, Aged, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Surgical Flaps, medicine.disease, MESH : Aqueous Humor, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH : Moraxella, eye diseases, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Vitrectomy, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, MESH : Postoperative Complications, sense organs, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE: To report the clinical presentation and outcome of delayed-onset endophthalmitis caused by Moraxella species and to evaluate the eubacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in aqueous humor samples for the microbiologic diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seven patients with bleb-related delayed onset-endophthalmitis caused by Moraxella were included in a prospective multicenter study (FRIENDS group, 2004 to 2005). Eubacterial PCR followed by direct sequencing and conventional cultures were carried out on aqueous humor samples taken before the first intravitreal antibiotic injection and on vitreous samples taken during pars plana vitrectomy. RESULTS: All cases were postoperative (5 after filtering surgery and 2 inadvertent filtering blebs). The mean delay of onset of endophthalmitis was 41.3 months+/-30.4 (SD) (range, 2.4 to 84.8) after surgery. Initial visual acuity was limited to light perception for 3 patients, hand motions for 2 patients, count fingers for 1 patient, and 20/125 for 1 patient. Functional recovery was variable with final visual acuity ranging from no light perception to 20/25. The eubacterial PCR carried out on aqueous humor provided microbiologic identification in all cases, whereas the cultures were negative in 6 of 7 cases. The eubacterial PCR performed on vitreous samples of 3 vitrectomized patients, after 2 intravitreal injections of antibiotics, identified Moraxella in 2 patients, whereas cultures were negative in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed-onset endophthalmitis caused by Moraxella occurs predominantly after a bleb-related infection. PCR is a more sensitive technique for the microbiologic diagnosis in this context than conventional culture.

Published
2008

9. Acute Postoperative Endophthalmitis Caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis▿

Author

Chiquet , C., Pechinot , A., Creuzot-Garcher , C., Benito , Y., Croize , J., Boisset , S., Romanet , J. P., Lina , G., Vandenesch , F., Renseigné , Non, Service d'Ophtalmologie [Grenoble], Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Immunité infection vaccination ( I2V ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre National de Réference des Staphylocoques, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] ( IBCP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Immunité infection vaccination (I2V), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR128-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de bactériologie (CHU Dijon), Plateau technique de Biologie [CHU de Dijon], and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Staphylococcus, MESH : Aged, Vitrectomy, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Eye Infections, Bacterial, Hospitals, University, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, Postoperative Complications, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH : Female, MESH : Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Cataract Extraction, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, MESH : Acute Disease, MESH: Staphylococcus, Retinal detachment, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute Disease, MESH: Acute Disease, Vancomycin, MESH : Eye Infections, Bacterial, Female, France, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Cataract Extraction, MESH : Male, MESH: Staphylococcal Infections, MESH : Endophthalmitis, Cataract Extraction, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Staphylococcal infections, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, MESH : France, MESH : Hospitals, University, MESH : Staphylococcus, Aged, MESH: Hospitals, University, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bacteriology, Eye infection, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, Surgery, Culture Media, MESH: France, MESH: Culture Media, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, MESH : Culture Media, MESH : Postoperative Complications, MESH : Staphylococcal Infections, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

Acute postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis is infrequently reported in clinical studies. Five cases of acute postcataract surgery endophthalmitis caused by S. lugdunensis were taken from a multicenter prospective study conducted in four university-affiliated hospitals in France (2004 to 2005). These cases were characterized by severe ocular inflammation occurring with a mean delay of 7.6 days after cataract surgery, severe visual loss (hand motions or less in three cases), and dense infiltration of the vitreous. Each of these patients was initially treated by using a standard protocol with intravitreal (vancomycin and ceftazidime), systemic, and topical antibiotics. Given the severity of the endophthalmitis, even though bacteria were sensitive to intravitreal antibiotics, pars plana vitrectomy was needed in four cases. The final visual prognosis was complicated by severe retinal detachment in three cases. The microbiological diagnosis was reached by using conventional cultures with specific biochemical tests and eubacterial PCR amplification followed by direct sequencing.

Published
2007

10. Rat pro-inflammatory cytokine and cytokine related mRNA quantification by real-time polymerase chain reaction using SYBR green

Author

Chancerelle Yves, Agay Diane, Clarençon Didier, Mathieu Jacques, Alonso Antonia, Birot Olivier, Mouret Catherine, Peinnequin André, Multon Eric, Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, Service de Santé des Armées-Ministère de la Défense, Département des Facteurs Humains, Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées (CRSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, This work has been supported by grants from 'Délégation Générale à l'Armement' and 'Electricité de France'., and Sinniger, Valérie

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Male, MESH: DNA Primers, MESH: Inflammation, Time Factors, MESH: Rats, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Postoperative Complications, MESH: Transplantation, Homologous, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Animals, MESH: Endophthalmitis, MESH: Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Cytokine, DNA Primers, Fluorescent Dyes, MESH: RNA, Messenger, Inflammation, MESH: Cytokines, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, Methodology Article, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Pseudomonas Infections, MESH: Adult, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Rats, Wistar, MESH: Fluorescent Dyes, MESH: Receptors, Cytokine, MESH: Male, Rats, MESH: Corneal Transplantation, Cytokines, lcsh:RC581-607
Abstract

Background Cytokine mRNA quantification is widely used to investigate cytokine profiles, particularly in small samples. Real-time polymerase chain reaction is currently the most reliable method of quantifying low-level transcripts such as cytokine and cytokine receptor mRNAs. This accurate technique allows the quantification of a larger pattern of cytokines than quantification at the protein level, which is limited to a smaller number of proteins. Results Although fluorogenic probes are considered more sensitive than fluorescent dyes, we have developed SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR protocols to assay pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1a, IL1b and IL6, TNFa), cytokine receptors (IL1-r1, IL1-r2, IL6-r, TNF-r2) and related molecules (IL1-RA, SOCS3) mRNA in rats. This method enables normalisation against several housekeeping genes (beta-actin, GAPDH, CypA, HPRT) dependent on the specific experimental treatments and tissues using either standard curve, or comparative CT quantification method. PCR efficiency and sensitivity allow the assessment of; i) basal mRNA levels in many tissues and even decreases in mRNA levels, ii) mRNA levels from very small samples. Conclusion Real-time RT-PCR is currently the best way to investigate cytokine networks. The investigations should be completed by the analysis of genes regulated by cytokines or involved in cytokine signalling, providing indirect information on cytokine protein expression.

Published
2004

11. Internal and external contamination of donor corneas before in situ excision: bacterial risk factors in 93 donors

Author

Pierre-Yves Robert, Marie-Cécile Ploy, Mireille Drouet, Philippe Camezind, Jean-Paul Adenis, Service d'Ophtalmologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Physiologie Moléculaire de la Réponse Immune et des Lymphoproliférations (PMRIL), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie moléculaire et cellulaire des microorganismes (EA3175), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène [CHU Limoges]

Subjects
Graft Rejection, Male, Pathology, MESH: Tissue Donors, medicine.disease_cause, Cornea, Corneal Transplantation, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Disinfection, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Epithelium, Corneal, Povidone-Iodine, Corneal epithelium, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Epithelium, Corneal, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Middle Aged, Contamination, Tissue Donors, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Corneal Transplantation, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Tissue Preservation, Sclera, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, NLM, MESH: Tissue Preservation, MESH: Aqueous Humor, MESH: Graft Rejection, Aqueous Humor, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine, Humans, MESH: Endophthalmitis, Organ donation, Aged, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, business.industry, MESH: Cornea, 0402 animal and dairy science, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 040201 dairy & animal science, Epithelium, MESH: Male, Culture Media, Disinfection, Ophthalmology, MESH: Bacteria, MESH: Sclera, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, MESH: Culture Media, business, Staphylococcus, MESH: Female, MESH: Povidone-Iodine
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most studies of corneal donor contamination concentrate on postenucleation contamination of the eyeball. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relative contamination of in situ excised corneal tissue and relevance to final success or rejection by recipients of the corneal grafts. METHODS: Ninety-three donors underwent anterior chamber puncture (ACP) and corneal epithelium scarification (CS) before and after disinfection with 5% povidone-iodine. Following in situ excision, corneas were preserved in culture medium at +35 degrees C. Morphological and bacteriological assessment was carried out after culture, and recipients were followed up over a 2-year period. RESULTS: Samples taken by ACP, CS before disinfection, CS after disinfection and a culture medium sample were contaminated by bacteria in, respectively, 8 (8.6%), 23 (24.7%) 4 (4.3%) and 5 (5.4%) donors. Contamination of aqueous humor was significantly associated with age, death-to-sample time and premortem systemic infection. Contamination of epithelium significantly increased culture medium contamination. CONCLUSION: External bacteria on donor cornea are mainly skin bacteria (especially Staphylococcus) and can be partially eliminated by a povidone-iodine wash. Internal bacteria are mainly gut bacteria and may be due to perimortem bacteriemia. However, bacterial infection at the time of death appears to have no effect on the incidence of endophthalmitis in recipients and should no longer prevent use of such corneal tissue in grafts.

Published
2002

12. Eubacterial PCR for Bacterial Detection and Identification in 100 Acute Postcataract Surgery Endophthalmitis

Author

Christophe, Chiquet, Pierre-Loic, Cornut, Yvonne, Benito, Gilles, Thuret, Max, Maurin, Pierre-Olivier, Lafontaine, Andre, Pechinot, Karine, Palombi, Gerard, Lina, Alain, Bron, Philippe, Denis, Anne, Carricajo, Catherine, Creuzot, Jean-Paul, Romanet, Francois, Vandenesch, Roger Tran Manh, Sung, Service d'Ophtalmologie [Grenoble], Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Immunité infection vaccination (I2V), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR128-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de Réference des Staphylocoques, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de bactériologie (CHU Dijon), Plateau technique de Biologie [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), IBM France (IBM), IBM, Department of Ophtalmology, CHU Grenoble, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Saint-Etienne, Department of Microbiology, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Bactériologie (CHU Dijon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Immunité infection vaccination ( I2V ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] ( IBCP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] ( LAPM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), IBM France ( IBM ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Humbert, Murielle

Subjects
Male, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Microbiological culture, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Antibiotics, Vitrectomy, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Bacteriological Techniques, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Eye Infections, Bacterial, law.invention, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, law, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, MESH: Postoperative Complications, Medicine, Prospective Studies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Polymerase chain reaction, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Eye Infections, Bacterial, 3. Good health, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute Disease, MESH: Acute Disease, Female, DNA, Bacterial, Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, MESH: Aqueous Humor, Aqueous Humor, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, MESH: Endophthalmitis, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Aged, Bacteriological Techniques, Phacoemulsification, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH: Vitreous Body, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Eye infection, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, eye diseases, Surgery, Vitreous Body, MESH: Bacteria, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, sense organs, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Phacoemulsification
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE: To evaluate eubacterial PCR compared with conventional cultures for detection and identification of bacterial agents in ocular samples from patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. METHODS: Broad-range eubacterial PCR amplification was used, followed by direct DNA sequencing in ocular samples (aqueous humor, vitreous samples from tap or vitrectomy) from 100 consecutive patients presenting with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. Bacterial cultures were performed on the same ocular samples by using traditional methods (brain-heart infusion broth). RESULTS: At the time of admission, the detection rate was not significantly different between cultures and PCR (38.2% for cultures versus 34.6% for PCR in aqueous humor samples; 54% versus 57% in vitreous from a vitreous tap). In contrast, in the vitreous obtained from vitrectomy, after intravitreous injection of antibiotics, PCR detected bacteria in 70% of the cases, compared with 9% in cultures. By combining PCR and cultures, bacterial identification was obtained in 47% of aqueous humor samples at admission, in 68% of vitreous samples from a vitreous tap at admission, and in 72% of vitreous samples from pars plana vitrectomy. Gram-positive bacteria predominated (94.3%). The concordance between cultures and PCR was 100%. The contamination rate was 2%. CONCLUSIONS: Cultures and eubacterial PCR are complementary techniques for bacterial identification in eyes with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. PCR technique was needed for identification of the involved microbial pathogen in 25% of all the cases. Eubacterial PCR is more effective than cultures in detecting bacteria in vitreous samples from patients with previous intravitreous administration of antibiotics.

Published
2008

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