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La réhabilitation de l’hôtel Pasteur à Rennes est le fruit d’un projet expérimental s’appuyant sur la participation citoyenne. Ce dispositif d’urbanisme transitoire vise à transformer la fonction d’un bâtiment en préfigurant ses usages in situ, reliant ainsi sa vie passée à ses fonctions futures en invitant ses occupants à s’approprier les lieux. Mise en place par Patrick Bouchain et Sophie Ricard, la méthode transitoire à l’hôtel Pasteur repose sur deux outils : d’une part, l’organisation de temps de rencontres via l’Université foraine et, d’autre part, une présence continue et sur le long terme à travers la permanence architecturale. à partir de cette étude de cas, ce texte s’interroge sur la possibilité, par l’intervention des acteurs de la société civile en amont, de créer des lieux différents, représentatifs à la fois des personnes qu’ils accueillent et du territoire qui les entoure. The restoration of Hotel Pasteur in Rennes is the product of an experimental project based on the involvement of citizens. This transitory planning device aims to change the function of a building by heralding its usage in situ, thus linking its past life and its future function by encouraging its inhabitants to claim its space. This transitory method at Hotel Pasteur, set by Patrick Bouchain and Sophie Ricard, is done on two levels: on the one hand, organizing the meeting time through the travelling University, and, on the other hand, maintaining an uninterrupted and long presence through the architectural permanency. Taking this case study as starting point, this text questions the possibility, through the participants’ responses in advance, to create different spaces that are representative of both the people they are receiving as well as the territory surrounding them.

Ovaj rad govori o važnosti self-managementa, uključujući upravljanje portfoliom i rukovođenje više istovremenih uloga, upravljanje nestabilnim prihodima, upravljanje profesionalnim razvojem i upravljanje identitetom. Self-management prikazan je i kroz teoriju socijalnog učenja, koja ističe kako kontingencija potkrepljenja ima važan utjecaj na dugoročnu samokontrolu pojedinca. Naposljetku, opisani su elementi self-managementa na primjeru skladateljice, a obuhvaćaju cijeli proces od nastanka partiture do javne izvedbe: educiranje o glazbenom menadžmentu, organizaciju, rad s ljudima, snimanje i produkciju te javnu izvedbu, odnosno objavljivanje glazbe.

Walking down the street is a everyday activity ; however we believe that the steps we make are to be considered beyond the ordinary that enfolds them.Thanks to a transdisciplinary approach uniting urbanism, anthropology and phenomenological philosophy, moving by feet along urban public spaces becomes the indicator of the pedestrian's relationship with himself, with others and with his or her environment.We propose a study of the experiential content of walking that comes down to questioning the contact made by the walker as a privileged means of understanding the environment.The conditions for a hand-to-hand encounter with the city, feeling, perception, imgination, poetics, all that constitutes urban milieus is at the heart of our preoccupation.Our research therefore focuses on the phenomena experienced by the being in public spaces, between lanscape and movement, and allows to question the existential dimension of the urban reality.Through the concept of walkability, which can momentarily be defined as the potentiality of opening to existence, we initiaite a reflection on the caring of places during urban walking by developing an ethics and an aesthetics for the habitability of environments.The experience of urban walking, which is both rhythm and encounter, then reveals the implications inherent to the caring of inhabited milieus., Marcher dans la rue est un acte quotidien, cependant nous pensons que les pas que nous faisons sont à considérer au-delà de l'ordinaire qui les recouvre.Par une approche transdisciplinaire mêlant urbanisme, anthropologie et philosophie phénoménologique, se mouvoir à pied dans les espaces publics urbains devient le révélateur des relations du piéton avec lui-même, avec autrui, ainsi qu'avec son environnement.L'étude du contenu expérientiel de la marche que nous proposons relève d’un questionnement sur le contact que noue le marcheur comme moyen privilégié d'appréhender les milieux.Les conditions du corps-à-corps avec la ville, le Sentir, la perception, l'imaginaire, le poétique, tout ce qui constitue l’habitation se situent au cœur de nos préoccupations.Notre recherche porte donc sur les phénomènes vécus de l'être au sein des espaces publics, entre paysage et mouvement, et permet d'interroger la dimension existentielle du fait urbain.Par la notion de marchabilité, que nous décrivons comme la puissance d’ouverture à l’existence, nous engageons une réflexion sur le ménagement du lieu lors de la marche urbaine en développant une éthique et une esthétique pour l’habitabilité des milieux.L’expérience de la marche urbaine, à la fois rythme et rencontre, nous dévoile ainsi les enjeux inhérent au ménagement des milieux habités.

Séminaire 2 "Projet hybride, Patrimoine du futur" :- Argument de la deuxième séance du Séminaire CRESSON Rétro-prospectif :Le Cresson, Centre de recherche sur l'Espace sonore et l'environnement urbain, a introduit la notion de projet dans ses préoccupations de deuxième génération, en la travaillant de manière originale. Première singularité : hybrider posture de recherche et posture de projet. Si la recherche est capable de produire un discours critique sur la pratique de projet, le projet en construit un autre par la pratique de projet. Comment penser cette articulation ? Deuxième singularité : dépasser les injonctions des politiques patrimoniales à protéger des objets immatériels – des sons, des cultures, des invisibles, pour promouvoir des postures de projet "hybrides", attentives aux immatériaux comme aux substances matérielles, afin de générer des ambiances singulières. Comment témoigner de cette ambition ?- Présentation de la Session "Récits croisés" :Dix brèves interventions de chercheurs du Cresson autour de la question suivante : « Les cinq premières minutes du projet ». L'idée est reprise à Jean-Jacques Terrin, commissaire d'une exposition qui a réuni sous ce titre une trentaine d'architectes du monde entier à Marseille (galerie art-cade 2017) et actuellement remontée à Paris à l'Espace Jacques Callot (fév. 2018). La session invitera les praticiens chercheurs ou chercheurs praticiens de l'équipe à réciter et repenser l'expérience vécue de ce moment de condensation, où le projet prend forme ou consistance et où il y a fort à parier que l'hybridation entre les deux postures soit la plus intense. Liberté grande à chacun, dans un format contraint.; National audience; Les 5 premières minutes du projet ? Et les 5 précédentes ? Et les 5 suivantes ? En reprenant différentes questions et notions travaillées au cours de mes 10 années de recherche au CRESSON (le ménagement ; la transformation ordinaire des lieux dans l’approche filmique ; l’en-projet), je tenterai de proposer une autre conception du temps pour penser le projet, le déconnectant alors d’une ligne droite allant de l’« archi » à la « tecture ».

Ovaj rad donosi detaljno pojmovno odreĊenje menadţmenta i poslovne krize koji ĉine temeljnu tematsku okosnicu rada. U radu su iznesene vrste poslovnih kriza, njezini uzroci i posljedice. Posebno poglavlje odnosi se na krizni menadţment koji istraţuje uzroke i simptome poslovne krize i predstavlja proces te model izlaska iz nje. Cilj rada je prikazati utjecaj i vaţnost kriznog menadţmenta na poslovanje kako bi se u što kraćem roku mogle donijeti odluke o poslovanju poduzeća zahvaćenog krizom It is presented a conceptual determination of the management and business crisis that makes core thematical framework of this work. Different types of the business crisis are given, and its causes and consequences. There is a very special chapter related to the crisis of the management that enquires causes and symptoms of the business crisis and represents the process and the model of coming out from the crisis. The aim of this work is to represent the influence and the importance of the crisis on the complete running of the business in a way to make decisions as soon as possible about the management of the company caught by the crisis.

International audience

Glavni cilj ovog diplomskog rada je utvrditi opravdanost otvaranja fitnes centra kroz poduzetnički program. Rad će kroz sastavnice nastojati teorijski utvrditi da li je projekt smislen, tj. da li postoji opravdanost otvaranja fitnes centra. Postoje mnogi problemi koji se javljaju prilikom osnivanja fitnes centra, no dobro proučenom okolinom može se samnjiti njihova pojavnost. Okolina će biti analizirana kroz SWOT analizu. Biti će prikazani i troškovi za otvaranje ovog fitnes centra, te njegov poslovni plan. Te bi se iz navedenih sastavnica trebala prikazati opravdanost nastajanja jednog fitnes centra. Main cause of this thesis is to determine validity of establish fitness centre throgh entrepreneurial program. Thesis will teoretical establish meaningfulness of project, i.e. is there validity to open fitness center. There are many problems that are appear during estableshing fitness center, but with right studied environment problems can be reduced. Environment will be analyzed with SWOT analysis. There will be shown costs of establishin fitness center, and it's buisness plan. And through mentioned components there will be showend validity of establishing fitness centre.

International audience; This article focuses on the impact of sustainable development of the landscape gardener profession. For this recent profession, which is based on an old tradition, it is important to be recognized as the pioneer in this field compared to the new principles of public initiatives in this area but also to translate the previous concept of « landscape on demand » into the wider concept of « landscape plan ». Because they often intervene on landscapes already damaged from the past, they tend to focus on resource allocation rather than aesthetic issues. Besides the concept of sustainable development is a good way to increase the recognition of this profession which aims to distinguish itself in this field.; Cet article traite de l'impact du développement durable sur les professionnels du paysage. Pour cette profession récente fondée sur un héritage ancien, il s'agit tout à la fois de faire reconnaitre une antériorité par rapport à ces nouveaux principes de l'action publique et repenser la commande de paysage dans le cadre élargi d'un « projet de paysage ». Leur territoire d'intervention souvent dégradé sur le plan paysager les conduit à privilégier une approche moins fondée sur les enjeux esthétiques que sur le ménagement des ressources. Aussi, pour cette profession, soucieuse de se démarquer des autres professions du cadre de vie, le développement durable agit comme un levier de reconnaissance.

Articular cartilage (AC) is an aneural and avascular tissue that covers the ends of articulating bones in diarthrodial joints, and its main functions are to distribute joint loading and to provide nearly frictionless movement of the articulating bones. The mechanical properties of AC can be attribute to the complex structure of its extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly composed by collagen fibres, proteoglycan (PG) aggregates and interstitial water [1, 2]. Nowadays, the progression of mean expectation of life has highlighted the importance of a correct diagnosis for many age-related diseases. In AC, aging process occur in older age with cellular senescence [3, 4] and ECM modifications [5, 6], frequently involving in Osteoarthritic diseases [7–9]. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and represent one of the most common disabilities cause (6,6% of Italian population, actually), posing a high economical burden to society. OA is characterized by the proceeding destruction of AC by uncontrolled proteolysis of ECM and typically leads to a remodeling of affected joints. No treatment neither early diagnosis method currently exist for OA pathologies, and the detection of differences and relations between early OA and aging is still an open field in clinical research [3, 8, 10]. To understand the progression of the disease, the comprehension of mechanisms involving on to ECM components during AC degradation is essential. The reduction of PGs concentration is recognized as the first symptom of degeneration in OA [11–14], while collagen fibers result more resistant from degradation. Using different experimental techniques, it is possible to observe the contribution of degradation of a specific macromolecule to the AC disease progression. Dielectric Spectroscopy (DS) resulted as an indirect indicator of collagen fibrils integrity through observation of intermolecular hydrogen bounds formation between water molecules [15]. Moreover, some water molecules result oriented along collagen fibers and that orientation is well recognized by Magnetic Resonance T2 -weighted imaging (T2w-MRI) contrast variations through intra-molecular dipole interactions of water hydrogen nuclei[16-18]. The study of the dynamic of water molecules in cartilage resulted to provide information on cartilage structure [19-21]. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) [22-26] is a widely used Magnetic Resonance technique to investigate fiber microstructures in human brain, like in skeletal muscle tissue [27]. Moreover, some authors [20, 28, 29] have demonstrated that DTI technique can recognise collagen fibril orientation and other authors [20, 30, 31] have shown how the reduction of proteoglycan content in cartilage affect water Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC). For all the cartilage futures listed so far, and taking into account the potentiality provided by DTI investigations, here we monitored cartilage aging by means of DTI and T2 -weighted imaging techniques. Specifically, starting to the observation that in cartilage is generally observed a reduction in water content during aging [32], we investigate in vitro cartilage samples during natural dehydration process. Moreover, we combined NMR with DS measurements to deeply investigate structural variation in cartilage matrix. [1] Zernia, G. 2006. Collagen dynamics in articular cartilage under osmotic pressure. NMR Biomed. 19:1010-1019. [2] Newman, A.P. 1998. Articular cartilage repair. Am. J. Sports. Med. 26:309-324. [3] R. F. Loeser. Aging and osteoarthritis. Curr. Op. Rheum.,(23), 492 (2011). [4] H. Muir. The chondrocyte, architect of cartilage. biomechanics,structure, function and molecular biology of cartilage matrix macromolecules. Bioessays, (17), 1039 (1995). [5] E. Wachtel, A. Maroudas and R. Schneiderman. Age-related changes in collagen packing of human articular cartilage. Bioch. Bioph. Acta, (1243), 239 (1995). [6] J. Dudhia. Aggrecan, aging and assembly in articular cartilage.Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, (62), 2241 (2005). [7] M. B. Goldring and S. R. Goldring. Osteoarthritis. J. Cell. Physiol., (213), 626 (2007). [8] D. Umlauf, S. Frank, T. Pap and J. Bertrand. Cartilage biology, pathology, and repair. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,(67), 41974211 (2010). [9] F. Eckstein, M. Kunzy, M. Schutzery, M. Hudelmaier, R. D.Jackson, J. Yu, C. B. Eaton and E. Schneider. Two year longitudinal change and teste-retest-precision of knee cartilage morphology in a pilot study for the osteoarthritis initiative. OsteoArthritis and Cartilage, (15), 1326 (2007). [10] M. Beekhuizen, Y. M. Bastiaansen-Jenniskens, W. Koevoet,D. B. F. Saris, W. J. A. Dhert, L. B. Creemers and G. J. V. M.van Osch. Osteoarthritic synovial tissue inhibition of proteoglycan production in human osteoarthritic knee cartilage. Arth.& Rheum., (63), 1918 (2011). [11] H. J. Mankin, H. Dorfman, L. Lippiello and L. Zarins. Biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in articular cartilage from osteoarthritic human hips. ii: Correlation of morphology with biochemical and metabolic data. J. Bone Joint. Surg. Am., (53), 523 (1971). [12] A. A. V. de Loo, O. Arntz, I. Otterness and W. V. den Berg. Proteoglycan loss and subsequent replenishment in articularcartilage after a mild arthritic insult by il-1 in mice: impaired proteoglycan turnover in the recovery phase. Ag. Act., (41), 200 (1994). [13] G. Grushko, R. Schneiderman and A. Maroudas. Some bichemical and biophysical parameters for the study of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: comparison between the processes of aging and degeneration in human hip cartilage. Conn. Tiss. Res., (19), 149 (1989). [14] J. Degroot, N. Verzijl, R. Bank, F. P. J. Lafeber, J. W. J. Bijlsma and J. Tekoppele. Age-related decrease in proteoglycan syntesis of human articular chondrocytes. Arth. Reum., (42), 1003 (1999). [15] J. R. Grigera, F. Vericat, K. Hallenga and H. Berendsen. Dielectric properties of hydrated collagen. Biopol., (18), 35 (1979). [16] Akella, S.V.S., R.R. Regatte, A.J. Wheaton, A. Borthakur, and R. Reddy. 2004. Reduction of Residual Dipolar Interaction in Cartilage by Spin-Lock Technique. Magn. Res. Med. 52:1103-1109. [17] Migchelsen, C. and H.J.C. Berendsen. 1973. Proton exchange and molecular orientation of water in hydrated collagen fibers. J.Chem.Phys. 59(1):296-305. [18] Shinar, H., and G. Navon. 2006. Multinuclear NMR and Microscopic MRI studies of articular cartilage nanostructure. NMR Biomed.19:877-893. [19] Filidoro, L., O. Dietrich, J. Weber, E. Rauch, T. Oerther, M. Wick, M.F. Reiser, and C. Glaser. 2005. High-Resolution DTI of human patellar cartilage: feasibility and preliminary findings. Magn. Res. Med. 53:993-998. [20] Raya, J.G., Melkus, G., Adam-Neumair, S., Dietrich, O., Mutzel, E., Kahr, B., Reiser, M.F., Jakob, P.M., Putz, R. and C. Glaser. 2011. Change of diffusion tensor imaging parameters in articular cartilage with progressive proteoglycan extraction. Invest. Radiol. 46:401-409. [21] Azuma, T., Nakai, R., Takizawa O. and S. Tsutsumi. 2009. In vivo structural analysis of articular cartilage using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Magn. Res. Im. 27:1242-1248. [22] Basser, P.J., and C. Pierpaoli. 1996. Microstructural and Physiological Features of Tissues elucidated by Quantitative-Diffusion-Tensor MRI. J.Magn.Res. 111:209-219. [23] Pierpaoli, C., P. Jezzard, P.J. Basser, J. Barnett , and G. Di Chiro. 1996. Diffusion tensor MR imaging of the human brain. Radiol. 201:637-648. [24] Basser, P.J., J. Mattiello, and D. LeBihan. 1994. MR Diffusion Tensor Spectroscopy and Imaging. Bioph. J. 66:259-267. [25] Le Bihan, D. 1991. Molecular diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Magn. Res. Quart. 7:1-30. [26] Basser, P.J., and D.K. Jones. 2002. Diffusion-Tensor MRI. NMR Biomed. 15:456 -467. [27] Napadow, V.J., V. Q. Chen, V. Mai, P.T.C. So, and R. J. Gilbert. 2001. Quantitative Analysis of Three-Dimensional-Resolved Fiber Architecture in Heterogeneous Skeletal Muscle Tissue Using NMR and Optical Imaging Methods. Bioph. J. 80:2968-2975. [28] De Visser, S.K., J. C. Bowden, E. Wentrup-Byrne, L. Rintoul, T. Bostrom, J. M. Pope D and K. I. Momot. 2008. Anisotropy of collagen fibre alignment in bovine cartilage: comparison of polarised light microscopy and spatially resolved diffusion-tensor measurements. Ost. and Cart.16: 689-697. [29] Pierce, D.M., Trobin W., Raya J.G., Trattnig S., Bishof H., Glaser C. and G.A. Holzapfeli. 2010. DT-MRI based computation of collagen fiber deformation in human articular cartilage: a feasibility study. Ann. Biom. Eng. 38:2447–2463. [30] Meder, R., S. K. de Visser, J. C. Bowden, T. Bostrom, and J. M. Pope. 2006. Diffusion tensor imaging of articular cartilage as a measure of tissue microstructure Ost. and Cart. 14, 875-881. [31] Othman, S.F., Williams, J.M., Sumner, D.R. and R.L. Magin. 2004. MRI heterogeneity of articular cartilage in strong magnetic field: dependence on proteoglycan content. Magn. Res. Eng. 23B(1):33-43. [32] Venn, M. F. 1978. Variation of chemical composition with age in human femoral head cartilage. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 37:168-174.

New Trends in Classification, Monitoring and Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Economia delle imprese assicurative nasce dall’esigenza di proporre al pubblico un manuale completo nella copertura degli argomenti, con un’impostazione didattica e una facilità di utilizzo da parte degli studenti che si avvicinano a queste tematiche. In qualunque attività umana il rischio è ineliminabile perché dipende dalle condizioni di incertezza, dalle decisioni assunte e, quindi, dai risultati che ne derivano, dall’altro dalla razionalità limitata di chi le realizza. Nella parte dedicata alle assicurazioni, l’articolazione dei temi trattati riflette la scelta di privilegiare una struttura modulare che partendo da concetti introduttivi illustra i prodotti offerti, la gestione degli intermediari e le strategie competitive. La seconda parte del volume parte da un’analisi del fabbisogno di previdenza complementare e tiene in considerazione sia l’evoluzione del sistema pensionistico pubblico sia i principali interventi di riforma che hanno portato al sistema contributivo. Economia delle imprese assicurative è corredato da un apparato didattico che comprende Approfondimenti, Esercizi svolti ed Esempi ed è rivolto agli studenti dei corsi di Economia e gestione delle Assicurazioni delle facoltà economiche.

This research has been conducted on the basis of the association between a psychogenic factor and stomatopyrosis as its consequence. Stomatopyrosis is characterised as a burning sensation or as pain in the mouth cavity with clinically normal oral mucosa. It typically occurs with elderly female population, aged on average 67. Burning mouth as a symptom occurs primarily on the lips, although it may be located on some other sites on the oral mucosa. There are various etiological factors influencing the emergence of stomatopyrosis. They are divided into local factors, related to candidiasis, dysfunction, problems caused by dentures; systemic factors, with hormonal or immunological disturbance, medicines, etc; and, finally, psychogenic factors, characterised by various psychological states and conditions like depression, anxiety, adaptability and emotional stability. The objective of this research was to prove that psychogenic factors cause the burning mouth syndrome sensation. Methods which helped us to establish the link between psychogenic factors and the emerging of stomatopyrosis were general history of the respondents, clinical history, which included both objective and subjective assessment, and psychological rating scales and tests. The results have shown that sex of the respondents does not make any difference. Diagnosis of the oral disease shows that burning is the symptom as well as in the diagnosis of the disease, that localisation of the symptom is primarily on lips, followed by tongue, cheeks, and palate. The description of the symptoms shows that respondents with stomatopyrosis complain of burning and dryness in the mouth cavity. As far as the intensity of the symptom is concerned, the results have shown that the symptom is in most cases unbearable. The frequency of the occurrence of the symptoms said to be continuos. The typical time when the symptom occurs is daytime, followed, by night and evening, day and night. Tension dentures and hot food intensify the symptom. Subjective change in taste is present in the high percentage. Visual analogue scale shows a high degree subjective assessment of the symptoms in the mouth cavity. Thermoestesiometry has established that there are no pathological changes on the oral mucosa. Psychological rat-ing scales and tests have established the presence of psychical changes in a high percentage. What we took into account were the most frequent changes: depression, anxiety, adaptability and emotional stability. We also established a systematic and a psychiatric diagnosis that was necessary for making the right choices when treating people with stomatopyrosis. Stomatopyrosis is the state whose factor, apart from local and systematic factors, may be psychogenic factor. We think that stymatopyrosis may be psychosomatic state that can be cured or treated by appropriate treatment, which includes psychiatric treatment as well.

International audience; Management. Mot anglais, entériné en français par l'Académie en 1969, qui dérive du verbe to manage, manier, diriger. Le management désigne aujourd'hui toute activité modélisée de direction, d'administration et/ou de gestion d'une grande entreprise : manager une opération, c'est optimiser des rendements et réaliser des objectifs. Et quels que soient les efforts actuels pour inventer des formes systémiques de gestion interactive ou rétroactive des processus ("management de conception"), et dépasser ainsi les aspects strictement administratifs, financiers, juridiques et techniques du contrôle et du respect de normes établies ("management de projet"), le management repose fondamentalement sur une conception finalisée, hiérarchique et programmée des tâches à exécuter (définition des objectifs, des priorités et des délais). Ménagement. Mot français ancien qui dérive du verbe ménager. S'il désigne anciennement l'administration, la conduite ou le soin, il signifie aujourd'hui l'attention, l'égard ou la précaution que l'on prête à une chose ou à une personne, par respect collectif plus que par intérêt personnel. Ménager une situation, c'est préserver son potentiel plus que réaliser des objectifs. L'architecture, l'urbanisme et l'aménagement contemporains du territoire managent beaucoup mais ne ménagent rien. Ils croient ou prétendent parfois ménager, mais ils ne font que manager-un espace (zonage), un temps (phasage), une fonction (attribution). Comment rapprocher les mots, anglais et français, de leur racine latine, commune ? Ou encore, comment ramener la connotation technico-économique du management à celle, socio-anthropologique, du ménagement ? Question. Que ménages-tu, toi qui manages ?

Posljednjih godina svjedoci smo revolucionarnih promjena na turističkom tržištu. Jedna od njih je, svakako i snažna implementacija kompjuterske tehnogije u gotovo svim segmentima poslovanja na ovom tržištu. Globalno promatrajući, tehnološke promjene su brojnije i dramatičnije u proizvodnim nego u uslužnim djelatnostima. Ipak, one i pored toga imaju značajan utjecaj na strukturne promjene u poduzećima uslužnog sektora gospodarstva. Ugostiteljsko-turistička poduzeća kod nas svoje ukupno poslovanje rapidno prebacuju s "ručnih" na "elektronske" operacije. Međutim, sve to ide dosta sporo i pojedine značajne funkcionalne cjeline i radni procesi su izvan toga, što samo otežava proces upravljanja i kontrolu. Autori u referatu analiziraju razvoj i primjenu informacijskog sustava u pojedinim dijelovima hotelskog poslovanja, probleme i otpore integralne primjene i prednostima uspostave integralnog informacijskog sustava, bez čije primjene management poduzeća ne može donositi poslovne odluke.

The idea of having a pedestrian right of way along the sea shore was to allow the public free access to it. Of course, this is a limitation for owners whose property borders the sea, but it was designed to create new recreational walks along the coastline. In the Finistère (county), with its characteristically long — 795 km — sea front, local councils and the Department of the Equipement work together, marking out the new paths, that often turn out to be the famous Customs patrol path. It is a new tourist attraction that must fit as neatly as possible in a policy of the development and protection of the sea shore., RÉSUMÉ La mise en œuvre de la servitude de passage des piétons sur le littoral a pour but d'ouvrir ou de rétablir l'accès du public au rivage. Si elle est contraignante pour les propriétés riveraines du Domaine Public Maritime, cette servitude permet la création d'itinéraires de promenades en bordure de mer. Dans le département du Finistère, caractérisé par l'ampleur (795 km) et la diversité de sa façade maritime, les communes travaillent en collaboration avec les services de l'Équipement pour mettre en place des chemins piétonniers qui reprennent souvent le tracé du fameux sentier douanier. C'est un nouvel équipement touristique qui doit s'insérer le mieux possible dans une politique d'aménagement et de protection de la frange littorale., Couix Gilles. Le sentier du littoral à la pointe de la Bretagne . In: Norois, n°133-135, Janvier-Septembre 1987. Espaces côtiers et sociétés littorales. Colloque international des 28, 29 et 30 novembre 1986 à Nantes. pp. 119-128.