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Ileocystoplasty was performed in five patients wi t h tuberculous contracted bladder, and the satisfactory clinical results were obtained in increasing the vesical capacity and lessening frequency of urination. Postoperatively, blood chemistry showed no serious unbalance in electrolytes. Serum chloride level, however, somewhat elevated after a considerable period. Because the presence of hydronephrosis and or residual urine tends to impair renal function, voiding must be complete as possible so that no residual urine exists. Ileocystoplasty was thus proved to be one of the most reliable ways of enlarging the vesical capacity.

Statistical observations were made on 124 clinical cases t o whom pneumoretroperitoneum was performed and on 69 clinical cases to whom pneumoretroperitoneum was used together with tomography. Measurements of adrenal shadow obtained from the above roentgenographic studies were also attempted ; 1. A shadow of the projected adrenal wa s best obtained at 5-7 cm. from the back. Their configurations were more like triangular and the length of the projection to the vertebrae was 1.1-3.0 cm. 2. Area of the s hadows in most cases was 0.5-2.5 square centimeters with the average area of 1.09±0.03 square centimeters for the left and 1.01±0.02 square centimeter for the centimeters for the right. The area was not correlated with body length and weight. 3. The site of projection of the adrenals was the level of the twelveth th o racic vertebra. 4 It is possible to evaluate adrenal function to a certain extent with the above mentioned results.

Two cases of papillary carcinoma of the renal pelvis an d one of the ureter were pathohistologically studied. 1) Malign a ncy of them was graded to be III (according to Tsuji's classification) based on findings of tumor cells and infiltration. 2) Infiltration of neoplasti c cells were noted even at the outmost layer of the pelvic or ureteral wall In one case neoplastic cells were found in the vein. Generally, cells showed striking anaplasia, being different from normal transitional cells of the uroepithelium. 3) In the vicinity of the carcinomatous lesion, uroepithelium demon s trated metaplasia or even neoplastic change. As one of them had an associated tumor in the bladder, multicentric occurrence of uroepithelial tumor was here deeply impressed. By the way, the patient who had the tumor in the bladder had worked, for many years, being contaminated with chemicals of oil derivertives.

Two cases of papillary carcinoma of the renal pelvis an d one of the ureter were pathohistologically studied. 1) Malign a ncy of them was graded to be III (according to Tsuji's classification) based on findings of tumor cells and infiltration. 2) Infiltration of neoplasti c cells were noted even at the outmost layer of the pelvic or ureteral wall In one case neoplastic cells were found in the vein. Generally, cells showed striking anaplasia, being different from normal transitional cells of the uroepithelium. 3) In the vicinity of the carcinomatous lesion, uroepithelium demon s trated metaplasia or even neoplastic change. As one of them had an associated tumor in the bladder, multicentric occurrence of uroepithelial tumor was here deeply impressed. By the way, the patient who had the tumor in the bladder had worked, for many years, being contaminated with chemicals of oil derivertives.

Statistical observations were made on 124 clinical cases t o whom pneumoretroperitoneum was performed and on 69 clinical cases to whom pneumoretroperitoneum was used together with tomography. Measurements of adrenal shadow obtained from the above roentgenographic studies were also attempted ; 1. A shadow of the projected adrenal wa s best obtained at 5-7 cm. from the back. Their configurations were more like triangular and the length of the projection to the vertebrae was 1.1-3.0 cm. 2. Area of the s hadows in most cases was 0.5-2.5 square centimeters with the average area of 1.09±0.03 square centimeters for the left and 1.01±0.02 square centimeter for the centimeters for the right. The area was not correlated with body length and weight. 3. The site of projection of the adrenals was the level of the twelveth th o racic vertebra. 4 It is possible to evaluate adrenal function to a certain extent with the above mentioned results.

Ileocystoplasty was performed in five patients wi t h tuberculous contracted bladder, and the satisfactory clinical results were obtained in increasing the vesical capacity and lessening frequency of urination. Postoperatively, blood chemistry showed no serious unbalance in electrolytes. Serum chloride level, however, somewhat elevated after a considerable period. Because the presence of hydronephrosis and or residual urine tends to impair renal function, voiding must be complete as possible so that no residual urine exists. Ileocystoplasty was thus proved to be one of the most reliable ways of enlarging the vesical capacity.