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The dissertation presents the fate of widowed bourgeois women living in Prague during the second half of the 19th century on the basis of selected ego-documents and other sources. This thesis first focuses on women's lives before becoming widows and then captures the whole process of becoming a widow from the husband's death to the funeral and the first moments after his death. The thesis also considers the legal aspect of widowhood and the economic aspects connected with it, such as material security, job possibilities for widows, aid requests, widow´s association and accommodation possibilities. Other chapters deal with the everyday life of widowed women, networks of relationships, reflection and self-reflection of widowhood, experiencing of sadness and seeking solace from God. The core of the thesis is concluded by remembering the deceased husband, the last days, death and the "afterlife" of the widows. To complete the dissertation, the thesis is enriched by tables, appendices with depictions of relatives of widows, pictorial part, editorial processing of selected sources of personal nature and index of persons.

The thesis is entitled Coffee, tea and chocolate as a part of the life of noblemen during the early-modern times period in the Czech countries and it presents the history of everydayness of the nobility in the Czech Kingdom and in the Margraviate of Moravia from the middle of the 17th up to the ending of the 18th century, and it emphasizes the material culture which was used for drinking coffee, tea and chocolate. Castle inventories and municipal palaces inventories were used as an initial source of information. At the very beginning the noble families were chosen and afterwards their residential network was approached in detail. This work also focused on the topography of the residences and on the location of items used for coffee, tea and chocolate consumption within the particular castles or palaces. On this basis the author tried to reconstruct the way of thinking, behavior and attitudes of noblemen, and to explain the symbolic meaning of the decoration of the residences, the symbolic role of items as a representation of noblemen as a mean of the enrichment of their social and cultural habits as well. The set-up of items and other accessories served with coffee, tea and chocolate were not forgotten either. The inventories were put through a deep research which helped to create a social and power stratification on the basis of items used for coffee, tea and chocolate consumption. Another comparison also emerged- the comparison of particular members of various families representation and also the ownership of examined items on the basis of gender definition. This work tried to immerse to the topic of symbolic communication.

The thesis is entitled "The Image of the Burgher from Prague Johanna Barbora Englová, Born Zimmerová through the Family correspondence in the 19 th century" and it presents J. B. Englova´s destiny (18101874) on the basis of both correspondence and some ego-documents analysis. She was Emanuel Engl´s mother (18441907) who was an early Czech politician. Thanks to her, even the Prague civic society can be observed. The thesis is divided into five main chapters. At first, the life within the House of Habsburg monarchy in the 19 th century is described. Afterwards, the thesis is being focused on the situation in Prague, the civic society and its possibilities as for the social life. The second chapter pursues Johanna Englova´s family life. The third chapter is the crucial one it presents social connections which Johanna Barbora Englová made throughout her life and which can be observed within the well-preserved correspondence. The last chapter presents the salon, balls and the society as a part of Johanna Englova´s life. The thesis is trying to present contacts, relationships and social situation on the given example of both former and new family of Johanna Barbora Englová. The part of the thesis consists of an all round analysis of chosen sources. Moreover, the thesis reflects a social upswing of Johanna Barbora Englová and the process of becoming a part of the civic smart set in Prague. The thesis is followed by the list of sources, bibliography and online sources. The diagram, table, genealogy and the part with visual materials are listed in the annexe.

This bachelor´s thesis is called "The Commonplace Book of Lady Zimmer from 1818 to 1837" and its aim is to form a critical edition accompanied by a codicological and a content description and by an overall analysis of the book as well. The work is divided into four main chapters. The first one deals with the establishment, origin and commonplace books characteristics, afterwards it is focused on the 19th century and it descends up to the 20th century. The second chapter treats the topic of a division of the girls especially from the urban environment, their access to education and destiny to get married, and the final part of this chapter solves the level of the girls´ language knowledge and their experience as readers. The third chapter contains a critical edition which is accompanied by an interior and exterior analysis of the commonplace book of lady Zimmer, these parts are followed by the used language items analysis as well as of mistakes in the entries, poetical means, and last but not least the analysis of the topic and also the art depiction. On the basis of the analysis of this book the fourth chapter emerged and its aim is to show the environment from which the owner originated, her family background and her friends. It reveals her personality step by step as a woman originated from the urban environment living her whole life in the household of a family publishing house owner. The whole work is finished with a conclusion which contains the analysis of all gained information from this very special lady commonplace book from the beginning of the 19th century. The work is accompanied by a list of used sources and literature as well as by diagrams, tables, font samples and picture part, and a family tree of Jan Jakub Ryba which shows certain relationships with the Zimmers. One of the attachments represents the lady Zimmer´s husband´s publishing activity.

This graduation thesis is about phenomenon of mobile phones and its concept in relation to the children. In the first part of thesis the attention is given to psychology, medical, economical, education aspects of the use of mobile phones by the children from its positive and negative point of view. The fundamental attention is given to its influence in educational system. The second part introduces results of the research, surveying the influence of the mobile phones on the life style of the children between 11-15 years old. The conclusion of the thesis is recommendation for the pedagogical field.

5 Summary So far, no commercially used device, capable of evaluating the condition of the deep stabilizing spine system (DSSS), has appeared on the market. Therefore, a so called muscle dynamometer (SD01, SD02), has been constructed that enables to reveal a possible dysfunction of the DSSS. During a six-week-rehabilitation-course, aimed at correcting the body posture and strengthening the DSSS muscles, a statistically significant change (p

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies occuring in 5-10% women in their fertile years. The incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus type 2 is significantly increased in PCOS. Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance are present in a relevant number of PCOS women. In our projects we therefore concentrated on various aspects of insulin secretion in PCOS women. We used different approaches and calculations, which are complementary to each other and provide a more detailed insight into possible beta cell dysfunction. Aims of our studies were 1) examine how the beta cell function is influenced by the family history of DM 2, 2) examine the insulin pulsatile secretion, 3) examine the secretion of incretins and 4) examine the prevalence of glucose intolerance and its potential prediction in PCOS women. 1) Decreased insulin sensitivity was observed only in PCOS women with the positive family history of DM 2 in comparison to healthy controls. If these women have normal glucose tolerance, they compensate the decreased insulin sensititivity by the increased insulin secretion. 2) Lean PCOS women had similar insulin pulsatile secretion patterns with the exception of broader insulin peaks in comparison to healthy controls. Insulin sensitivity was not associated...

Background: The Addison disease of the autoimmune etiology is mostly appearing as a part of APS2 whereas the most dangerous is a combination of DM1 and an autoimmune adrenalitis. The first evidence of adrenal insufficiency in DM1 is a repetitive hypoglycaemia and lower insulin consumption. Changes in the HPA axis caused by either the activation of the immunity system during the APS2 or by the structural changes in the insulin binding proteins may present the basis for the subclinical adrenal insufficiency. The functional adrenal disorders without autoimmune adrenalitis are frequently observed in autoimmune diabetes mellitus. (...) Conclusions: A rather slow autoimmune adrenalitis progress is observed in adult patients with autoimmune endocrinopathies but rarely ending with a full adrenal destruction. The adrenal antibodies importance is still under study. Higher adrenal disorder count in DM1 patients with first manifestation around the age of 30 is presumed according to our results. Subclinical adrenal insufficiency is still very difficult to diagnose and new diagnostic ways 7 are recently being proposed. We have proven the advantages of salivary cortisol during the test as well as in daily profile. We have shown that adrenal disorders are not caused by cortisol binding peptide structure modifications in...

Endocrine production of adipose tissue is a very complex process affected by numerous endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-alpha (PPAR-) are important modulators of metabolic processes which can also affect endocrine function of adipose tissue. Recently, numerous novel factors produced by adipose tissue with important metabolic effects were identified. Some of them can directly bind PPAR receptors. One of the examples of these factors is fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) which can directly bind PPAR receptors and indirectly modify its activation by changing availability of endogenous PPAR ligands -free fatty acids. We hypothesized that the mechanism of action of PPAR receptors to metabolic processes may partially lie in their complex interaction with adipose tissue-derived hormones. The unraveling of these interactions may have important consequences in finding approaches to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (...) In summary, our data show an important role for the interplay of PPAR activation and endocrine function of adipose tissue in metabolic regulations which may have important clinical consequences.

The aim of our study was to set up the parameters, which could be used in the future for objective assesment of posterior vaginal wall descent same as they have been used in the assesment of anterior compartment. We included 42 attendants, 21 with proven descent of posterior vaginal wall; 21 as a control group. We observed the ultrasonographical distance between the most descending point at posterior vaginal wall according to the horizontal line and the inferior margin of pubic bone same as posterior anorectal angle after the intrarectal application of sonographic yelly; both at rest and during Valsalva manévre. Doubleoptional t-test was used for statistical evaluation of the results. Furthermore we judged the demographic features of both groups. We proved the statistic significant decrease in measured distances in the group of patients suffering from the descent compared to the group of healthy women. Values of posterior anorectal angle were significantly highered in the group of patients with the descent. The incidence of descent is related to higher age, higher level of BMI and multiparity in the group of patients. There was also higher incidence of stress urinary incontinence in patients' group, which had been surgically treated. We obtained no explicit data about influence of menopausal status being an...

Although the cause of schizophrenia is not fully elucidated, there is increasing evidence that this severe psychiatric illness may result from a disturbance early in development. Evidence for this so called "neuro- developmental hypothesis" comes from a variety of sources, including epidemiological, gynecological, psychological and pathological data. Fetal and perinatal hypoxia-ischemia belongs to obstetric complications which can increase the risk of schizophrenia. These complications such as premature rupture of fetal membranes, low birth weight, newborn immaturity, forceps delivery and resuscitation at birth are frequently accompanied by hypoxic-ischemic brain damage during delivery. We assume that perinatal hypoxia together with genetic factors influence a susceptibility to schizophrenia and represent significant risk factors of this disease. We used a heuristic model in our study to determine if brain hypoxic-ischemic episode can actually cause not only changes of biochemical markers but also behavioral changes resembling those seen in schizophrenia. Neurodevelopmental processes in neonatal rats continue during the first three weeks of postnatal life and reach the level of those observed in human newborns at the end of the second postnatal week. Therefore, rat pups at postnatal day 12 (PND12) were used...

Influencing metabotropic glutamate receptors as possible antiepileptic therapy. A developmental study Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lymphoedema is a severe postoperative complication after treatment of many malignancies. It is a pathological accumulation of extracellular water (ECW). Early diagnostic tool is needed. Multifrequency bioimpedance analysis (MFBIA) is a method for detection of changes in ECW. We would like to establish the methodology for detection of lymphoedema of limb in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. We measured a control group of 60 women, 5 women with pronounced lymphoedema and a group of 37 patients undergoing a breast cancer surgery during 9 month after the surgery by MFBIA and circumferency. Characteristics of the patients were recorded. Different linear extrapolations from 1, 5, 50, 100, 200 kHz were determined to find resistance at 0 Hz for each women; ratio of R0 nondominant/ dominant and non-operated/operated limb was evaluated; Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compare correlation of the results and characteristics of the patient. Extrapolation with the lowest standard deviation was found to be 5, 50, 100 kHz. On the group of women with pronounced lymphoedema higher sensitivity was found by MFBIA compared to circumferency measurements. Stronger correlation between the volumes calculated from circumferences with weight and BMI compared to MFBIA was found. We found statistically significant...