The objective of this research was to investigate the perceptions of students from elementary school about the captivity and illegal wildlife trafficking and to develop Environmental Education (EE) activities regarding this theme. We aimed to understand if these activities are effective as informative tools, to raise awareness and to encourage a change of posture towards the subject. Thus, environmental education activities regarding illegal captivity and wildlife trafficking were developed in five schools in the region of Pelotas city, Brazil. In total, 231 students between 9 and 13 years were involved. The activities were divided into four steps and applied over a month in each school. Based on this research, a greater understanding was developed on the EE activities carried out in schools, in a process of critical formation of their relationship with the environment and the society. Therefore, it is concluded that the activities developed were effective to be used as information and awareness tool, especially those regarding subjective issues related to the theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]