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Objective Axle box bearing is a key component of rail transit train bogie, and its health state directly affects the train operation safety. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a more scientific and efficient fault diagnosis method for axle box bearing to effectively extract bearing fault characteristic information under strong noise interference. Method With the vibration acceleration and acoustic signal (abbreviated as vibration-acoustic signal) as the research object, the fault characteristics of the axle box bearing are analyzed, and an optimal signal noise reduction method with bandpass convolution filtering is proposed. In this method, the original signal is divided into several frequency bands in the frequency domain, different bandpass filtering parameters of each frequency band are determined and a multi-channel bandpass convolution filter bank is constructed. The optimal filtered signal is selected by using time-domain index segmental kurtosis, and demodulated by weighted frequency energy operator to identify the bearing fault spot. Result & Conclusion With the proposed method, the fault characteristics of the vibration-acoustic signal can be extracted under strong interference noise. Both the simulation and on-site test results verify the validity of the method. The fault diagnosis conclusions of the vibration-acoustic signal can be mutually verified, further improving the accuracy of the axle box bearing fault diagnosis.

We recruited four aquaporin-4 seropositive optic neuritis patients (five eyes) who received glucocorticoid treatment and underwent optical coherence tomography examination. Baseline medians of the macular ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness and volume for the eye of interest were 79.67 µm (73.664 ± 18.497 µm) and 0.58 mm3 (0.534 ± 0.134 mm3), respectively. At 2 months, the medians of the mGCIPL thickness and volume were 60.00 µm (51.576 ± 12.611 µm) and 0.44 mm3 (0.376 ± 0.091 mm3), respectively. At 6 months, the medians of the mGCIPL thickness and volume were 59.55 µm (46.288 ± 11.876 µm) and 0.44 mm3 (0.336 ± 0.084 mm3), respectively. Sample size estimate was achieved using two methods based on the mGCIPL thickness and volume data, with five effect sizes considered. The estimate based on the mGCIPL volume showed that 206 patients were needed at the 6-month follow-up; the power was 80% and effect size was 20%. In conclusion, this study detected retinal damage in aquaporin-4 seropositive optic neuritis patients by optical coherence tomography, and estimated the sample size for two-sample parallel designed clinical trials using two methods.

The feasibility of underground gasification of Yan 9 coal seam of the middle-lower Jurassic Yan ′an Formation in J148 area of Dongsheng gas field is systematically studied from the perspectives of geological structure, hydrogeology and coal gasification characteristics, and the prospects of carbon sequestration by using the pore layer, aquifer layer and tight gas layer in the deep coal gasification cavity are discussed.The results show that the coal seam of Yan 9 in this area is stable when the buried depth is 1 264~1 285 m and the dip angle is less than 1°.In the interior of the gasification target constituency, the structural faults are not developed, the joint cracks are not developed, there are occasional cracks but the section is fresh and closed, and the cavity of the coal seam after gasification has a good tightness, which has little influence on the construction and expansion of coal gasification furnace, and can meet the implementation of large-scale coal gasification projects.There is a continuous water barrier layer on the top and bottom of Yan 9 coal seam, which can prevent the influence of groundwater on the direct water filling of coal seam, and is conducive to the layout of underground gasifier.The thickness of the roof water-barrier layer is less than the height of the water-conducting fissure zone, there is a risk of indirect water filling through the roof aquifer, but the roof aquifer is a weak water-rich aquifer, and the risk of small water inflow is controllable.The thickness of the floor water barrier layer is greater than the safe thickness of the floor water barrier layer, which can effectively prevent the risk of direct water filling to the coal seam.In general, Yan 9 coal seam has moderate thickness, little waste, low ash, low sulfur, high calorific value non-stick coal, high coke reactivity, and has a good development prospect.In view of the large amount of CO2 emission from large-scale gasification mining of deep coal seam, the feasibility of CO2 safe geological storage by using coal seam burning and caving area, top and bottom aquifer and lower tight natural gas layer was discussed.The analysis shows that 60.8 % ~88.2 % of CO2 produced by coal seam gasification can be stored in the pore layer and the top and bottom aquifer in the gas-burning and air-burning zone of Yan 9 coal seam.Combined with the development of tight natural gas in the Upper Paleozoic of Dongsheng gas field, it is expected to achieve near-zero carbon emissions in the process of deep coal seam gasification mining by using CO2 generated by coal gasification for natural gas displacement and storage.

Pain management, listed as the fifth vital sign, has gained increasing attention from clinicians. Conventional analgesics have limited duration, leading to intense monitor and frequent dosing during the early phase in order to prevent the progression of chronic pain. Thus, prolonging the duration of analgesics has become one focus of the pain research. Several strategies, such as adding adjuvants, producing derivatives, and applying extended-release carriers, make it possible for super long-acting analgesics to come into reality. This review briefly introduces the strategies and development of the super long-acting analgesics, including the successful translation and commercialization of the present products of super long-acting analgesics. It also summarizes the application and translation of extended-release drug carriers, providing invaluable reference for the future research on the field of super long-acting analgesics.

Pain not only affects the physical and mental health of individuals, but also imposes a huge burden on society as a whole. Traditional pain management measures are diverse, but each has its limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new tools. Digital therapies are booming, and virtual reality (VR) has been widely used, especially in the field of pain management. VR uses assistive tools, such as headsets, to build a three-dimensional virtual world with the participation of multiple senses, including vision, hearing, and smell, so that it can make user feel being there. This review aims to summarize the application and mechanism of VR in the field of pain management, with the hope of making VR a new choice for pain management.

【Objective】 In order to optimize the irrigation schedule for rice, conserve irrigation water, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loss in paddy fields, and minimize the risk of non-point source pollution. 【Method】 A simulation and optimization model for rice irrigation system based on AquaCrop model and NSGA-II algorithm was developed. Field experimental data of rice were used to compare and study the optimization of irrigation systems with three objective combinations: maximizing yield, minimizing nitrogen and phosphorus loss, and minimizing irrigation frequency (Yield-Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus loss (Y-TNP), Yield-Irrigation frequency (Y-N), and Yield-Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus loss-Irrigation frequency (Y-TNP-N)). Yield stable-pollution reducing-efficiency improving irrigation systems that adapt to different precipitation patterns during different growth stages of rice were proposed. 【Result】 ①Compared with conventional irrigation, Y-TNP optimization resulted in a 2.14% decrease in yield and a 23.09% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loss; Y-N optimization could achieve a 1.76% decrease in yield and an approximately 53% decrease in irrigation frequency; Y-TNP-N optimization performed a 2.64% decrease in yield, a 22.83% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loss and a decrease of 2 in irrigation frequency. ②The yield stable-pollution reducing-efficiency improving irrigation system optimized with the Y-TNP-N objective achieved a stable yield of 7.74-7.78 t/hm2 under different typical years, significantly reducing irrigation amount and nitrogen and phosphorus loss. 【Conclusion】 The AquaCrop model can be applied to simulate the growth and development process of rice in the experimental area. The simulation-optimization coupled model proposed in this study can be used to optimize irrigation systems with the goal of stable yield-reducing pollution-improving efficiency under different precipitation patterns during different growth periods.

The images captured by a plane-array type infrared detector, formed by integrating a large-scale probe array and readout circuits via interconnection, is distorted by two types of superimposed nonuniform noises caused by the probe and readout circuitry. These nonuniform noises arise from the detector's constituent materials, fabrication processes, and other defects. In addition, the output response of an infrared detector is limited by the dynamic range of the circuit, the low and high ends of the output signal exhibit strong nonlinearities. To overcome the impact of detector response nonlinearity and achieve simultaneous correction for two different types of nonuniformities in infrared images, in this study, we proposed a novel correction method. First, the pixel points of all images are reordered according to their pixel values to provide a uniform reorganisation data. Then, the linear correlated region based on the recombined data is extracted using a judgment algorithm that processes the linear correlations of multiple regions to simulate the detector's response curve and find the nonuniformity correction coefficient of each pixel. Experiments on simulated noisy and real images show that our method accurately eliminates nonuniform IR noise without causing blurring and provides optimal peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity.

This paper addresses the optimal decisions and channel coordination issues in a green supply chain composed of a socially responsible manufacturer and a fair-mined retailer, where the manufacturer invests in advanced facilities/technologies to improve green quality of products, and the retailer exerts marketing effort to enhance market demand. We develop supply chain models under three scenarios: centralized system, wholesale price (WP) contract without fairness concerns, and WP contract with fairness concerns. Our results show that the retailer’s fairness behavior further causes a benefit for herself, while the manufacturer and the total supply chain to suffer. Moreover, a revenue-cost-sharing (RCS) contract is introduced to coordinate supply chain . We prove that a win-win outcome is reachable, and the RCS contract is applicable in practice.

This paper considers the supply chain composed of altruistic retailers and selfish manufacturers under risk aversion. We use the mean variance (MV) method to construct two types of behavior models. One is a two-stage supply chain model with a single manufacturer and a single retailer, and the other is a competitive supply chain model with two retailers and two manufacturers. We discuss the decision-making problems under manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) game and retailer Stackelberg (RS) game, respectively. We analyze the role of risk aversion and power structure. Results show that the more risk aversion manufacturers are, the lower the emission reduction levels are. It also find that the prices increase with power shift from retailers to manufacturers. Finally, we point out that the competing can help the firms earn more benefits via numerical studies.

This paper considers a low carbon supply chain consisting of a single manufacturer and a single retailer under the condition that the demand is uncertain. We first establish three games, including manufacturer Stackelberg (MS), retailer Stackelberg (RS) and Nash according to the different power structure of the firms. We then determine that the equilibrium stocking factors, emission reduction levels, wholesale prices and retail prices for the three models, respectively. After that, we demonstrate the effects of power structure. Results show that when the power shifts from the retailer to the manufacturer, the stocking factor decreases, whereas the wholesale price increases. Finally, we discuss the impacts of the random demand. We find that the expected profits of the firms, the emission reduction levels and the retail prices are increasing with respect to the market potential and low-carbon sensitivity coefficient, respectively. Meanwhile, they decrease with respect to the price sensitivity coefficient.

Objective To investigate the effects of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 on the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells by regulating the miR-372-3p/CDK6 pathway. Methods Bel7402 and SK-hep1 cells were selected as research objects. The expression levels of SBF2-AS1, miR-372-3p, and CDK6 were up- or down-regulated according to different experimental stages, while the expression levels of miR-372-3p and CDK6 in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationships between SBF2-AS1 and miR-372-3p as well as miR-372-3p and CDK6, respectively. CCK-8, colony formation assay, Transwell, cell cycle assay, and flow cytometry were used to analyze cell proliferation, colony formation, migration/invasion ability, cell cycle activity, and apoptosis. Results SBF2-AS1 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (P

Accompanied by the increasing prevalence of sleep disorders among students in colleges and universities, there is an urgent need for colleges and universities to provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for exercise intervention for sleep disorders among students. In this paper, in order to study the relationship between physical exercise and sleep disorder intervention, after analyzing the etiology and pathology of sleep disorders, we first surveyed students of a university in Guangzhou to analyze the differential characteristics of students’ sleep quality under different statistical variables. Then, a logistic linear regression model was established to analyze the influencing factors of college students’ sleep quality by taking the variables with statistically significant results in the one-way analysis as independent variables and college students’ sleep quality as dependent variables. Finally, college students with more serious sleep disorders in the university were subjected to a semester of walking, running, and soccer physical exercise to analyze the role of physical activity in influencing the intervention of sleep disorders in students. It was found that the PSQI scores of the walking group, running group, and soccer group before and after one semester of walking exercise decreased by 2.29, 3.16, and 3.18 points, respectively, and the scores of the rest of the items decreased to different degrees, which reflected the good effect of the physical exercise intervention on the intervention of sleep disorders. Explore the effects of physical exercise intervention on the quality of sleep among college students and provide practical suggestions for improving college students’ sleep quality through exercise.

A physical education and fitness course is a course with physical practice as the main means. Teachers often pay more attention to students’ physical practice in teaching but neglect the development of moral education, aesthetic education, intellectual education, and labor education. Aiming at this kind of teaching problem, this paper combines the concept of “five education” and the characteristics of physical education teaching. It puts forward the physical education teaching mode and practice path that permeates the idea of “five education.” Selection of research subjects, design, and distribution of a humanistic literacy questionnaire to obtain data, reliability test processing to ensure accuracy of research, and analysis of this paper. SPSS software is used to analyze an example of sports education work that integrates the concept of five education. Data presentation: the mean values of the post-test students’ humanistic literacy in the experimental group and the control group are 9.45 and 9.36, respectively, and the P value is 0.009, which indicates that the integration of the concept of five education in college physical education teaching is more advantageous in the cultivation of students’ humanistic literacy in comparison with the traditional physical education teaching mode. This study makes physical education classroom teaching more dynamic and versatile, gives a new meaning to physical education classroom teaching, and improves the effectiveness of physical education teaching.

Efficient removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important task for wastewater treatment. However, the molecular composition of DOM and its transformation during the treatment are still unclear. In this paper, the organic components in the stream of a coal coking wastewater treatment process were studied. The wastewater was extracted by dichloromethane (CH2Cl2)，the extract was named as ‘oil phase’. Then the raffinate was extracted by solid-phase extraction, the extract was named as ‘water phase’. The ratios of total organic carbon contents (TOC) in the oil and water phase samples were generally consistent during the treatment process. The extracted DOM was characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Eight class species were as assigned from the mass spectra, namely N1O1-7, N2O1-6, N1O5, N1O2-6S1, N2O3-5S1, O2-8, O2-6S1, O4-5S2. The class categories which contain multiple oxygen atoms (Ox) and both multiple oxygen and sulfur atoms (OxSy) were dominant in the oil phase. The relative abundance of each species was decreased sharply after the first aerobic biological process, which was consistent with the TOC rapid decline in the sample. O2-8 compounds existed in all wastewater samples and dominated in the final sample, indicating that these compounds were the most stubborn pollutants which were difficult to remove in all treatment processes. It is speculated that these compounds may come from some humic-acids which have complex structure and multiple oxygen atoms naturally existing in natural water. The composition of O3 class species showed two patterns among the wastewater treatment process, compounds with high double bond equivalent (DBE) were dominant in the first four processes, while a proliferation of low DBE components was observed in the last three samples. It indicated that those low DBE components were generated by the oxidation of other substances, such as O1 and O2 species. The water phase organic matter had an extremely complex molecular composition and a total of 27 different compound class species were identified in a single mass spectrum. Ox, OxS1-2 and NxOyS1-2 were the major class categories in water phase. On the whole, OxS1-2 was much easier than the other two categories to be removed during the wastewater treatment process. In the OxS1-2 class category, O4S1 had a much higher relative abundance than other species. It decreased sharply among the process, but it still accounted for a large proportion in the final process, which implied the O4S1 species had strong resistance to removal. The relative abundances of each species in NxOyS1-2 had consistent composition and transformation, and could be effectively removed after the wastewater treatment process. The composition transformation trend of O6S1 was similar to N1O6S1, those compounds with low DBE value (512) and low carbon number (1020) were dominated after the aerobic biological process section and remained in the final process. The study of DOM in coal coking wastewater treatment from the molecular level by FT-ICR MS will contribute to understand the transformation law of pollutant compounds. However, limited by the mass spectrometry, only the molecular composition information can be obtained. The molecular structure information, especially for the functional groups, is hard to be obtained. In order to research the transformations law of pollutant compounds for further, the structural information needs to be deduced combining the molecular composition, the precursor and the polarity of wastewater pollutants. Developing more efficient and advanced separation and enrichment methods is another way to research the molecular structure information. By the further work, a fully understand of the pollutant composition will be obtained, and a more effective wastewater treatment process will be developed.

Abstract： With the increasing resolution of the input image of the current target detection task，the feature information extracted from the feature extraction network will become more and more limited under the condition that the receptive field of the feature extraction network remains unchanged，and the information coincidence degree between adjacent feature points will also become higher and higher.This paper proposes an FSA(fusion self-attention)-FPN，and designs SAU(self-attention upsample) module.The internal structure of SAU performs cross calculation with self-attention mechanism and CNN to further Feature fusion，and reconstructs FCU(feature coupling unit) to eliminate feature dislocation between them and bridge semantic gap. In this paper，a comparative experiment is carried out on Pascal VOC2007 data set using YOLOX-Darknet 53 as the main dry network. The experimental results show that compared with the FPN of the original network，the average accuracy of MAP@ [.5:.95] after replacing FSA-FPN is improved by 1.5%，and the position of the prediction box is also more accurate.It has better application value in detection scenarios requiring higher accuracy.

【Objective】 Drip irrigation using brackish water is a way to relieve water shortage in arid regions such as Xinjiang, but it needs a good management to reduce its detrimental consequence. The aim of this paper is to investigate the combined effect of irrigation water quality and nitrogen fertigation on changes in soil salinity and Na+ and Ca2+ concentration in soil water with cotton planted. 【Method】 A pot experiment was conducted from June to October 2020 at Alaer in Xinjiang. There are three nitrogen treatments: 255 kg/hm2 (F1), 315 kg/hm2 (F2) and 375 kg/hm2 (F3), and three irrigation water quality treatments: 1.27 g/L (Q1), 3.03 g/L(Q2), 4.90 g/L (Q3). Irrigation with groundwater was taken as the control. In each treatment, we measured soil salt content, and concentration of Na+ and Ca2+ in soil water. 【Result】 Depending on nitrogen fertigation, saline water irrigation increased total soil salt content and Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations by 14%~78%, 42%~197% and 58%~253%, respectively, compared to groundwater irrigation. It also increased soil sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) by 5%~109% and 48%~90%, respectively. Increasing nitrogen application to 315 kg/hm2 and 375 kg/hm2 reduced soil salinity and Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations by 11%~70%, 6%~42% and 21%~138%, respectively, and reduced soil SAR and ESP by 5%~27% and 3%~19%, respectively, compared to the control. 【Conclusion】 Soil salinity increased with the increase in irrigation water salinity, but increasing nitrogen application to 315 kg/hm2 could reduce soil salinity and Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations in soil water, thereby alleviating salinity stresses.

[Objective] Understandings of the ecological evolution in the Hunshandake Sandy Land are divergent duo to the differences in study area, data used, and period of study. How the vegetation in the hinterland and marginal ecotones of the Hunshandake Sandy Land interacts with regional climate and responds to human activities remain to be addressed. [Methods] In this study, the Gobi desert area was set as the background area (CK), and the Hunshandake Sandy Land and its surrounding areas were divided into a core area (CA) and four ecotones. Based on the long-term GIMMS NDVI3g v1 (1982-2015) dataset, combined with climate data (annual temperature and precipitation) from 1982 to 2015, nighttime light dataset (1984-2015), and population and herbivore data of each banner/county (1986-2015), the correlations between NDVI and climate change and human activities in the CK, CA and the ecotones were analyzed. [Results] The results show that: (1) Vegetation phenology was regionally heterogeneous. The length of growing season (LOS) was between 158 and 196 days, and the phenological difference within the region reached 38 days. (2) The change rate of NDVI was spatially different. Total NDVI increased at a rate of 0.00021/10a, while the rate of change in each region varied, with a maximum difference of 17 folds. (3) The response of vegetation to climate variability was zonal. In these ecotones, NDVI change was more sensitive to monthly temperature than to monthly precipitation. (4) The coefficient of variation (Cov) of vegetation went through several stages. The Cov fluctuated little in the 1980s, was relatively stable in the 1990s, and had higher positive variation in the first 15 years of this century. (5) The response of vegetation cover to human activities was not significant. While NDVI was not correlated with population density and nighttime light intensity per square kilometer, it was locally positively correlated with sheep and total herbivorous livestock density per square kilometer. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the NDVI of the Hunshandake Sandy Land and its ecotones fluctuated in response to climate change, and although it has improved in this century, it has only reached the level of the mid- to late 1980s.

Objective： Improve the dynamic performance of palletizing robot and reduce energy consumption. Methods： By static and dynamic analysis to determine to use minimal mass, maximizing the first natural frequency, minimizing the maximal stress and minimizing the maximal deformation as the optimization objectives, taking the structure parameters as design variables, the approximation models of objective functions and constraint functions were established by the Box-Behnken and the RSM. Based on the results of finite element analysis, an Analytic hierarchy process based on the results of finite element analysis was proposed. The process （AHP-FEA） was proposed to allocate the weight coefficients, and the comprehensive objective function was taken as the evaluation index. NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the problem. The optimized model of the waist turntable was obtained based on AHP-FEA method, which was compared with the initial model. Results： The results showed that the mass of the waist turntable was reduced by 9.6% under the condition of ensuring the structural strength, stiffness and vibration stability. Conclusion： Compared with the common average allocation method and empirical weighting method, the comprehensive objective function value of optimization under the weight coefficient of AHP-FEA is the smallest, and its comprehensive optimization effect is better.

In 2012, with the claimant countries of the South China Sea dispute stepping up their occupation of marine resources and the deep involvement of foreign powers in the South China Sea issue, the surrounding maritime situation became increasingly complex and there were multiple conflicts of interest caused by the continuous erosion of China's maritime rights. In order to effectively exercise sovereign rights and jurisdiction over the exclusive economic zones and continental shelf in various sea areas, including the South China Sea, and shape a peaceful and stable maritime security environment, China has launched a national maritime strategy with the theme of "building maritime power." Current research on the building of maritime power has paid greater attention to the concept analysis, development goals, and implementation path of maritime power, mainly focusing on the "ought" aspect of maritime power, with little attention to the "actual" aspect. Based on the attention analysis framework of leaders in attention politics, this study analyzes the launch and implementation of the national marine strategy of building maritime power after 2012 and explains the mechanism of building maritime power. Given this background, this research shows the following: (1) The limited attention of leaders and governments is the mediating variable between changes in the international system structure and the generation of state behavior. (2) Changes in the international situation, local government competition, emergency stimulation, and previous political experience are the trigger factors for building maritime power, causing the attention of leaders and governments to shift. (3) Leaders promote policy implementation through speeches, instructions, inspections, and other activities, which are the basis for measuring the attention of leaders and governments for building a maritime power. Research on the mechanism of building a maritime power shows: (1) Following the reconfiguration of the national maritime strategy, the attention of the leaders and governments continues to play a role in the implementation process of the new maritime strategy. (2) Leaders accelerate the operation of maritime strategies through their own activities such as inspections and instructions. (3) Building maritime power has been promoted to a high level through the establishment of high-level institutions. (4) Public and social attention should be fixed through the continuous agenda-setting of maritime affairs by the state media. This mechanism has effectively guided and locked the focus of China's attention on maritime affairs, thus effectively reshaping the traditional strategic culture and social cognition that China values land over the sea.

Intraoperative anesthesia can be divided into general anesthesia and local anesthesia according to the distribution of anesthetic drugs, and local anesthesia has broad applications in plastic surgery. The short acting time and poor lipid solubility of local anesthetics on conventional dosage limit their application in transdermal delivery. In recent years, there has been rapid developments in the topical analgesic transdermal delivery system, through which a drug penetrates the cuticle of the skin and enters the dermis to block the introduction of nerve terminal pain, so as to achieve the analgesic effect. In addition, transdermal administration can significantly increase safety and patient comfort compared to injectable administration. In this review, the commonly used methods of promoting transdermal absorption and topical analgesics on the market were overviewed, and the application and future direction of anesthetics in plastic and cosmetic surgery were prospected based on the research progress.

Objective To evaluate the release characteristics and analgesic effect of extended-release composite polymers of local anesthetics. Methods Polymer extended-release film containing bupivacaine hydrochloride was prepared via electrospinning (nanomembrane, group M), and was furthermore loaded intoPLGA-PEG-PLGA thermo-sensitive gel forming composite extended-release carrier (group G). The in vitro release profile, analgesic effect and safety in vivo were evaluated. Results In vitro, the cumulative release of bupivacaine hydrochloride reached more than 5 d in the group M and 10 d in the group G. In vivo, the analgesic effect in the model of chronic compression injury of sciatic nerve lasted for 14 d in the group M and group G. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The peak plasma concentration of bupivacaine hydrochloride in the group M was (0.294±0.029)μg/L one day after drug administration, while (0.192±0.064)μg/L in the group G three days after drug administration, which were far below the toxic plasma level of bupivacaine chloride. Meanwhile, there were no significant pathological changes in the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of the two groups. Conclusions In this study, the composite extended-release drug delivery prepared by bupivacaine hydrochloride electrospinning film as the basis and PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermo-sensitive gel can further prolong the release time of bupivacaine chloride and exhibit long-term analgesic effect without toxicity.

Although diverse uranium (U) adsorbents have been explored, it is still a great challenge for high-efficient uranium extraction form seawater. Herein a wood-mimetic oriented porous Ti3C2Tx-MXene/gelatin hydrogel (MGH) has been explored through growing directional ice crystals cooled by liquid nitrogen and subsequently forming pores by freeze-dry (Ice-template) method, for ultrafast and high-efficient U-adsorption from seawater with great enhancement by both electric field and sunlight. Different from disperse Ti3C2Tx-MXene powder, this MGH not only can be easily utilized but also can own ultrahigh specific surface area for high-efficient U-adsorption. The U-adsorbing capacity of this MGH (10 mg) can reach 4.17 mg·g−1 after only 1 week in 100 kg of seawater, which is outstanding in existing adsorbents. Furthermore, on the positive pole of 0.4 V direct current source or under 1-sun irradiation, the U-adsorbing capacity of the MGH can increase by 57.11% and 13.57%, respectively. Most importantly, the U-adsorption of this hydrogel can be greatly enhanced by simultaneously using the above two methods, which can increase the U-adsorbing capacity by 79.95% reaching 7.51 mg·g−1. This work provides a new biomimetic porous MXene-based hydrogel for electric field/sunlight bi-enhanced high-efficient U-extraction from seawater, which will inspire new strategy to design novel U-adsorbents and systems.

Translation is a crucial process during plant growth and morphogenesis. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), many transcripts can be detected by RNA sequencing; however, their translational regulation is still largely unknown, and a great number of translation products have not yet been identified. Here, ribosome footprint sequencing was carried out to reveal the translational profile of RNAs in grapevine. A total of 8291 detected transcripts were divided into four parts, including the coding, untranslated regions (UTR), intron, and intergenic regions, and the 26 nt ribosome-protected fragments (RPFs) showed a 3 nt periodic distribution. Furthermore, the predicted proteins were identified and classified by GO analysis. More importantly, 7 heat shock-binding proteins were found to be involved in molecular chaperone DNA J families participating in abiotic stress responses. These 7 proteins have different expression patterns in grape tissues; one of them was significantly upregulated by heat stress according to bioinformatics research and was identified as DNA JA6. The subcellular localization results showed that VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70 were both localized on the cell membrane. Therefore, we speculate that DNA JA6 may interact with HSP70. In addition, overexpression of VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70, reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, improved the antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), increased the content of proline, an osmolyte substance, and affected the expression of the high-temperature marker genes VvHsfB1, VvHsfB2A, VvHsfC and VvHSP100. In summary, our study proved that VvDNA JA6 and the heat shock protein VvHSP70 play a positive role in the response to heat stress. This study lays a foundation for further exploring the balance between gene expression and protein translation in grapevine under heat stress.

Formaldehyde (FA) is a commercially important chemical applied in industry and scientific research. However, FA has a distinct impact on learning and memory. Although the mechanisms of FA toxicity have been well studied, additional research is required to establish the mechanisms of neuroprotection in cases of FA exposure. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with a variety of health benefits, including the enhancement of learning and memory. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of DHA in Drosophila melanogaster that had ingested FA. Our data suggested that DHA enhanced reproductive processes, leading to an increase in the number of eggs, larvae, and adults. Surprisingly, we found that DHA had a mild protective effect against FA-induced impairments in learning and memory.

This paper proposes a modified third generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (mNSGA-III) to overcome the poor convergence of third generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-III) in handling discrete topology optimization. It uses the mNSGA-III for the structural optimization of a body-in-white (BIW) welding production platform. It proposes an advanced extreme point selection to stabilize the normalization of populations. It constructs the finite element model of BIW welding production platform. Using discrete topology optimization, it treats the total mass, maximum stress and z-direction displacements of several nodes of platform as objective functions. It developed a discrete topology optimization program by using MATLAB interfaced the commercial finite element code MSC.Nastran. Finally, it selected the design with appropriate layout in view of stiffness and strength of the structure. The optimal design conforms to the design standards and the total mass reduces by 30.1%. The results show that mNSGA-III gets a more stable optimization process and easy to converge when solving the multi-objective discrete topology optimization problems. The proposed method provides an applicable method for the optimization of giant steel structures and has great values for practical engineering problem.

We present a TALEN-based workflow to generate and maintain dual-edited (IL-15+/+/TGFβR2-/-) iPSCs that produce enhanced iPSC-derived natural killer (iNK) cells for cancer immunotherapy. It involves using a cell lineage promoter for knocking in (KI) gene(s) to minimize the potential effects of expression of any exogenous genes on iPSCs. As a proof-of-principle, we KI IL-15 under the endogenous B2M promoter and show that it results in high expression of the sIL-15 in iNK cells but minimal expression in iPSCs. Furthermore, given that it is known that knockout (KO) of TGFβR2 in immune cells can enhance resistance to the suppressive TGF-β signaling in the tumor microenvironment, we develop a customized medium containing Nodal that can maintain the pluripotency of iPSCs with TGFβR2 KO, enabling banking of these iPSC clones. Ultimately, we show that the dual-edited IL-15+/+/TGFβR2-/- iPSCs can be efficiently differentiated into NK cells that show enhanced autonomous growth and are resistant to the suppressive TGF-β signaling.

[Introduction] The paper aims to calculate the Hydrogen energy economy efficiency. In next decade, Hydrogen will reconstruct the energy structure of China, as a strategic energy. The total cost of Hydrogen gas supplying chain will impact on the society energy cost in future. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the economy of large-scale hydrogen energy supply chain and analyze the supply chain mode of hydrogen energy in the future energy structure to predict the cost of hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen transmission, distribution and application in the era of large-scale hydrogen energy, and the trend of future hydrogen energy marketization. Hydrogen has a layered structure in the hydrogen market due to the high storage and transportation cost, versatility and different quality. In this paper, the concept of crude oil equivalent price (POE) will be put forward to analyzes the comparable price of hydrogen energy and normal energy, to find the reasonable range of hydrogen energy price in the future. To solve the supply chain problem is the key issued to obtain low-cost hydrogen energy, the "mainline gate station model" is proposed to distribution of green hydrogen and the long-distance transmission. [Method] Using the Equalization Cost of Hydrogen analysis model (LCOH), the large scale green hydrogen production project including Solar Power Plant, hydrogen generation and pipeline was measured to calculate the hydrogen transmission cost. The economy of hydrogen transmission from large-scale renewable energy was analyzed with the LCOH. Based on different storage and transportation technologies such as gas hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, solid hydrogen, organic hydrogen, pipe hydrogen. The Six-Quadrants Cost Formula was calculated for cost of storage, transportation and unloading of hydrogen supply chain. [Result] The results show that China has a wealth of green hydrogen resources in west forest, with the decline in investment, it is expected that large-scale green hydrogen pipeline transport of the city gate station, the Hydrogen LCOH will be less than 2.0 RMB / Nm³. Due to the low cost, the west green hydrogen will become the main source in the future. At present, hydrogen storage and transportation technologies are including high press gas hydrogen (>20 MPa), liquid hydrogen, methanol, ammonia, organic hydrogen, hydrogen solid hydrogen, pipeline hydrogen. With the increase in scale, the long-distance transportation of hydrogen will be achieved. Under the existed Hydrogen Transportation technologies, the city gate station to the terminal transport, short-distance transmission mode forecast cost will be below 1.2 RMB / Nm³. Assessing the total cost of the hydrogen energy supply chain, the hydrogen energy finally reaches the terminal in the mainline gate station mode is about 3.2 RMB/Nm³. the equivalent price POE is close to the gasoline price. Considering the energy efficiency factor of the fuel cell, hydrogen energy car at 4.0 RMB /Nm³ hydrogen price, has a lower fuel cost than gasoline car. [Conclusion] Therefore, as a strategic energy source, it is feasible to realize the green hydrogen replacement of hydrogen energy in China without subsidies in next decade.

The eigenvalues and the spectral radius of nonnegative tensors have been extensively studied in recent years. In this paper, we investigate the analytic properties of nonnegative tensors and give some inequalities on the spectral radius.

With the rapid development of social economy, the power supply capacity of the existing power grid has been far from the increasing load demand, especially the summer (winter) peak period. The problems such as heavy overload of power grid equipment and low voltage of line are extremely prominent and seriously affects the safe and stable operation of the power grid. This problem is more serious in the rural power grid. In order to increase the progress, shorten the construction cost of upgrading and transformation of the traditional power grid, a technical scheme is proposed in this paper by using electrochemical energy storage technology to solve the overload and low voltage problems of local power grid equipment, and obvious results have been achieved through pilot project.

To systematically investigate the effect of rare earth element Gd on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Mg(A357) cast alloy, A357 alloys with different Gd additions were investigated by OM, SEM, EPMA, XRD, DSC, TEM and tensile test. The results show that the addition of Gd can refine the grain and secondary dendrite arm spacing of the alloy. Besides, Gd refines eutectic Si, instead of transforming its morphology. The mechanical properties are improved by Gd addition due to obvious refinement of the grain and eutectic Si, the reduction of secondary dendrite arm spacing. For the A357-0.5Gd(mass fraction/%) alloy, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) is 355MPa, which is 37MPa higher than that of the alloy without Gd. However, when increasing the Gd mass fraction to 1.0%, the formation of a high number of coarse Al2Si2 Gd results in the decrease of the mechanical properties of the alloy.The refinement mechanism of Gd was investigated.Combined with the TEM observation, it can be inferred that the Gd addition produces fewer twins but some nanosized particles within eutectic Si. The density of twins is not high enough to cause the morphology transition of eutectic Si. The refinement effect of Gd on eutectic Si may be attributed to the increase of constitutional overcooling and the formation of nanosized particles, inhibiting the growth of eutectic Si during solidification.

In order to study the effect of hybrid structure on the mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites. The gas-atomized Al2024 powders were mechanically blended with Ti-10% (mass fraction) B4C powders by ball milling for different time, and then compacting the powders via hot press sintering and hot extrusion to fabricate the hybrid structured Ti-B4C/Al2024 composite. The microstructure and mechanical properties of different materials were observed and tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tensile testing machine. The strengthening and toughening behavior of hybrid structured composites were further discussed. The results show that the hybrid structured Ti-B4C/Al2024 composite consists of Al2024 matrix, core-shell structured Ti/Al18Ti2Mg3 and B4C particles. With the addition of 5% Ti-B4C hybrid powder after ball milling for 6h, the yield strength increases from 107MPa to 122MPa, and the composite exhibits almost the same elongation as that of the hot extruded Al2024 alloy. When the milling time is extended to 12h, the elongation of the sample 5TB-12h can reach 16.4%. However, the elongation of the composites decreases with the increase of Ti-B4C.