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Publisher Summary This chapter discusses skill excess and shortage. In the early 1960s, there was an almost universal stress on the need for more education in all parts of the world. The pace of educational expansion in the second postwar decade was phenomenal over a large part of the world. Shortage is sometimes perceived in absolute terms, as a situation in which there is less of a good or service than we would prefer if it were available free. Social rate-of-return or cost-benefit analysis is a method of assessing investment priorities that has been applied to the evaluation of investments in education compared with other investments, and to a comparison among alternative investments in education. Social rate-of-return or cost-benefit analysis is a method of assessing investment priorities that has been applied to the evaluation of investments in education compared with other investments, and to a comparison among alternative investments in education.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses on-the-job training programs organized during work. The term on-the-job training is used in several overlapping ways, all of which are usually focused on post school learning. Studies of schooling as an investment as they were conducted in earlier years and are often conducted today constitute only one element in human capital theory. The firm and the individual both have a stake in the accumulation of specific human capital, and the result spelled out in human capital theory is a sharing of the costs of and returns to the formation of such capabilities. The relative importance of firm-specific human capital depends in part on the size of an economy. Stability in attachments between firms and their employees and the formation of firm-specific human capital are mutually supportive features of labor markets, both external and internal but most obviously and directly of internal labor markets. Line of work runs counter to human capital theories. On-the-job training is of crucial importance not only for economic growth but also for the sustained viability of an economy in the modern world.

Of 100 consecutive referrals to a clinic for urgent psychiatric assessment only a third (34 patients) were considered to warrant such urgent attention. In 29 of the 34 cases the patient's behaviour—either intent to harm himself or unpredictable behaviour that alarmed the referring agent—was the most important consideration for urgent assessment.

A general approach to linearizing a thermistor thermometer over limited temperature ranges is developed. Theoretical and experimental results are presented for various typical operating modes. Effects of detector resistance, probe cableresistance and off-balance calibration on the linearity and sensitivity of the device are investigated.