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Objective: Evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics as well as the individual and maternal heterosis effects of New Zealand White (NZB), California (CA) rabbits and their crosses.Design/methodology/approach: 450 offspring rabbits, from 48 females mated to 6 stud rabbits, were evaluated, recording the weight (PNC) and litter size at birth (TCN) and at weaning (TCD), as well as, and weight (PMS), weight gain (GMD), consumption (CMS), and feed conversion (CONV) for during 8 weeks post-weaning. The carcass live weight at slaughter, warm carcass weight with head, carcass yield, and carcass parts of the carcass were evaluated.Results: Showed differences (p

Objective: to determine the nutritional and physicochemical quality, and the presenceof aflatoxins in raw milk, as well as risk factors for developing mastitis in 20 family farmsin the region of Texcoco, Mexico.Methods: MilkoSCan FT1 was used for nutritional and physicochemical analysis ofmilk. Somatic cells were quantified and the cow’s health status was tested usingSomaticell; furthermore, the presence of Aflatoxin M1 was determined using lateral flowimmunochromatography.Results: the milk evaluated in this study reported normal nutritional values according toNMX-F-700-COFOCALEC-2012, which guarantees its quality for human consumption.The pH ranged from 5.0 to 8.4, which indicates deficient temperature control in somefarms, leading to problems with acidity. The logistical analysis showed that adequateudder cleaning during milking is important to avoid it being a risk factor for an increasein somatic cells and degree of mastitis, although not the milking technique or teatsealing. The presence of aflatoxin AFM1 was not reported in raw milk.Study implications: the Somaticell® technique renders a qualitative and efficientdiagnosis of clinical mastitis. Conclusions: raw milk quality from this region guarantees consumers with a safe andapt product for human consumption or transformation into dairy byproducts.

Productive performance, rumen fermentation and oxidative status of sheep fed diets supplemented with coffee pulp ensiled with 5% molasses were evaluated. Thirty-four Blackbelly cross-breed sheep, 6 months old, mean weight 21.2 ± 0.63 kg, were assigned to three treatments T0: control treatment ( n = 11), T1: treatment with 8% coffee pulp in the diet ( n = 12), and T2: treatment with 16% coffee pulp in the diet ( n = 11). Coffee pulp at the levels evaluated did not affect daily weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ( P > 0.05). However, water intake, acetic acid, butyric acid, and total volatile fatty acids significantly increased ( P P > 0.05) were observed in the antioxidant capacity of the sheep's plasma; however, lipid peroxidation was lower for sheep fed with 16% coffee pulp. The present study concluded that a supplemented sheep diet with coffee pulp up to 16% coffee pulp did not affect their productive parameters but reduced oxidative stress.

espanolLa familia Lemnaceae, comprende un grupo de pequenas plantas acuaticas de rapido crecimiento, que se caracterizan por formar extensos mantos sobre cuerpos de agua con movimiento lentico; su reproduccion generalmente es vegetativa. El contenido de proteina que se reporta oscila entre 13-41%, y depende del contenido de nitrogeno en el medio en el cual se desarrolla. Tiene preferencia por el consumo de amonio sobre el nitrato, y asimila una variedad de metales, razon por la cual se ha utilizado para el tratamiento de aguas negras con excelentes resultados. Las producciones de materia seca obtenidas se reportan entre 10-46 t ha-1 ano-1. Son consumidas por una gran variedad de animales de interes zootecnico, como aves, rumiantes, no rumiantes, crustaceos y peces; los generos Spirodela, Lemna y Wolffia se han utilizado para alimentacion de tilapia con resultados variables. Los mejores indices productivos, corresponden a la utilizacion como parte integral de la dieta, con inclusion de 5-30%, sustituyendo parcial o totalmente a la torta de soja, principalmente y resultados similares cuando se sustituye fuentes de proteina animal. Cuando es utilizada como unica fuente de alimentacion, a una tasa que no debe exceder el 6% del peso corporal (base seca), los resultados son muy inferiores a los obtenidos con las dietas convencionales. Esto es debido, a la deficiencia de histidina y metionina, aunado a la presencia de factores antinutricionales y contenido de fibra. Las experiencias en policultivos han demostrado que la suplementacion con lenteja de agua incrementa la produccion por hectarea. EnglishThe family Lemnaceae includes a group of small aquatic plants of fast-growing, that are characterized to form extensive mantles on water bodies with lentic movement; its reproduction is generally vegetative. Protein content of these species ranges from 13 to 41% and varies according to the nitrogen content of the water in which they grow. Nitrogen from ammonium rather than nitrate, and assimilates a variety of metals, making the species amenable for use in treating wastewater with excellent results. Production of dry matter ranges from 10 to 46 t ha-1 year-1. The plants are consumed by several domestic animals such as poultry, ruminants, non-ruminants, crustaceans and fish. The genera Spirodela, Lemna and Wolffia have been used for diet of tilapia with variable results. The best productive results correspond to the utilization as integral part of the diet, with incorporation of 5-30%, substituting partially or totally soybean meal, principally, and similar results when there are replaced sources of animal protein. Feeding tilapia with these plants as the only source of food at levels no greater than 6% of the body weight (on a dry matter basis) negatively affects growth compared to conven-tional feeds. This results from the low levels of histidine and methionine, combined to the presence of antinutritional factors and fiber content. The experiences have shown that polyculture with duckweed supplementation increases the production per hectare.

The purpose of this study was to determine how feeding sheep coffee pulp affects carcass characteristics and what changes occur in physicochemical, antioxidant capacity and oxidation of the meat during refrigerated storage. The experiment was carried out in 15 Blackbelly lambs weighing an average 22.86±0.76kg. The animals were assigned to three treatments: T0=control diet, T1=diet with 8% coffee pulp, and T2=diet with 16% coffee pulp. After fattening for 56 days, the sheep were slaughtered and the carcasses assessed. The inclusion of 16% coffee pulp in the diet increased carcass dressing from 48.19 to 50.83% and decreased the amount of fat in rumen and intestines from 3.43 to 2.53% (P

Glutaraldehyde (GCHO) and formaldehyde (HCHO) were applied to barley at three application rates (10, 20 or 30 g aldehyde kg −1 protein) by soaking in solutions of appropriate concentrations of GCHO (for 16 h) and HCHO (for 8 or 16 h). Rumen degradability of barley dry matter (DM), starch (S) and total nitrogen (N) was determined in three rumen fistulated cows using the in sacco technique with incubation times of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h. On average treatment of barley with aldehydes reduced rumen degradability of DM, S and total N compared to untreated barley but the effect was almost totally due to reduction in degradation due to HCHO treatments, there being very little protective effect of GCHO at rates of application lower than 30 g kg −1 protein. For DM and S, irrespective of the aldehyde used or the length of aldehyde treatment, the reduction in rumen degradation increased with increasing application rate, the effects being most noticeable at short incubation times. Disappearance of total N was also reduced by increasing rates of application but this was most noticeable at longer incubation periods.