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Introduction Use of extended criteria donors is one of the strategies to face the scarcity of donors for lung transplantation. Methods Between November 2002 and May 2009, we performed 52 LTs in 50 recipients, 10 of whom (group A) received lungs from donors aged 55 years or older (median, 58.5; range, 56–66 years) for comparison with 28 patients (group B) transplanted with lungs from donors younger than 55 years (median, 25.5; range, 15–54 years). We excluded 9 children and 3 recipients of combined liver plus lung transplantations from the study. Results Recipient age, gender, and indications for transplantation did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Neither were there significant differences in PaO2/FiO2 ratios before lung retrieval, or length of the ischemic time The first PaO2/FiO2 on arrival to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the median length of ICU stay were similar. All patients, except 2 who died in the operating theatre, were extubated between 3 and 216 hours after the transplantation. Hospital mortality was similar in both groups: 3 patients in group A and 2 in group B (P = .1). The median portions of the predicted 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) at 6 months after transplantation did not differ in the 2 groups: 62.4% in group A versus 70% in group B (P = .85). Conclusion Lung grafts from donors older than 55 years can be effectively used for transplantation, thus increasing the total organ pool.

Introduction Donation after cardiac death has reemerged as a potential way of increasing the supply of organs for transplantation. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of non–heart-beating donor (NHBD) liver transplantation (OLT) experience and compared with standard heart-beating donation (HBD) at a single center. Methods From October 2003 to November 2006, 13/111 liver transplantations were performed in our institution with NHBD. Living donor liver transplantation, splitting procedures, combined, and pediatric liver transplantations were excluded from this analysis. Results Donor population was similar in both groups. The median warm ischemia time was 10 minutes (range 6 to 38). The median cold ischemia times 6 hours and 16 minutes (2.4 to 6.30 hours and 9 hours and 14 minutes (2.15 to 15.35 hours) for NHBD and HBD groups, respectively (P = .0002). In the NHBD groups, 4/13 (31%) grafts were retransplanted within 3 months, due to ischemic biliary lesions with severe cholestasis (n = 3) or due to the occurrence of primary nonfunction (n = 1). The retransplantation rate was significantly lower in the HBD group (11/98, 11%; P = .03). One-year patient and graft survivals were 62% and 54% versus 86% and 79%, respectively, for the NHBD and HBD groups (P = .107 and P = .003). Conclusion Liver grafts procured from donors after cardiac death accounted for a significantly greater retransplantation rates, mainly due to nonanastomotic biliary strictures. This risk must be taken into account when transplanting such grafts. Based upon this experience, NHBD cannot rival HBD to be a comparable source of quality organs for liver transplantation.

Sequential bilateral single lung-liver transplantation (SBSL-LTx) is a therapeutic option for patients with end stage lung and liver disease (ESLLD) due to cystic fibrosis (CF). A few cases have been reported, all of them were performed with the use of cardio-pulmonary by-pass (CPB). We performed SBSL-LTx in three young men affected by CF. All the recipients had respiratory failure and portal hypertension with hypersplenism. Along with lung transplants, two patients received a whole liver graft and one an extended right graft from an in situ split liver. During transplantation neither CPB nor veno-venous by-pass (VVB) were employed. Immunosuppression was based on basiliximab, tacrolimus, steroids and azathioprine. The three recipients are alive with a median follow-up of 670 days (range 244-1,533). Combined SBSL-LTx is a complex but effective procedure for the treatment of ESLLD due to CF, not necessarily requiring the use of CPB or VVB.

infection who undergo immuno-suppressive therapies. It is still believed to be rare in HIV infection. However, it is potentially life-threatening. We aimed to analyze the clinico-virological factors associated with HBV-SRR in 5 HIV-1-seropositive patients and the HBV serological background for such event in the Marseilles public hospitals HIV cohort. Methods: HBVDNA was quantified using Roche Cobas Ampliprep/TaqMan assay. Direct HBVDNA amplification/sequencing was performed from serum using in-house protocols. HBV serologies were performed using Axsym Abbott assays. HBV-SRR was defined as evolution from re-appearence of HBsAg and serum HBVDNA in anti-HBc antibodies (Ab)+ patients, concomitantly with a dramatic ALT rise. Results: 1,076 HIV+ patients had HBV serology during the 2 past years. 67 (6.2%) were HBsAg+, 473 (44%) had serology indicating past-HBV infection, among whom 248 had an anti-HBs antibodies (Ab) titer 100 IU/L in 55% and 60% of patients with a serology indicating past infection or VI, respectively. HBsAg-/anti-HBcAb+ and HBsAg/anti-HBcAb+/anti-HBsAb patterns were significantly more frequent in male (P< 10−5 and 0.018, respectively). 4/5 patients presenting HBVSRR were male, mean age = 49 y, mean ALT = 1704 IU/L (1477–1931), mean prothrombin index = 68% (45−93), mean serum HBVDNA = 9 log10 copies/mL (6.9−9.5), mean HIV load = 4.5 log (