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1. A Rare Cause of Persistent Blood Loss after Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement

Author

T. Natroshvili, T. Elling, S. A. Dam, M. vd Berg, R. R. H. Nap, and R. J. Hissink

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

The laparoscopic placement of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) catheter is a widely used method in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). The potential complications of this procedure include perforation of intra-abdominal organs, surgical site infection, peritonitis, catheter migration, catheter blockage, port site herniation, and bleeding. In most cases, bleeding is considered to be an early-onset complication because it mostly occurs within the first seven days after surgery. We report a case of a 68-year-old female patient with a previous history of diabetes mellitus, myelodysplastic syndrome, extensive collateral varices, anaemia, and ESRD due to obstructive uropathy caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis, who presented with persistent blood loss after the laparoscopic placement of a CAPD catheter. Duplex ultrasonography showed that the CAPD catheter was transfixing a superficial epigastric varicose vein, a collateral vein, due to the occlusion of the left external iliac vein. Persistent blood loss after inserting a CAPD catheter without previous imaging of abdominal wall vessels is an indication for further diagnostics.

Published
2020
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2. Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 2

Author

Bukhtoyarov, Oleg V., additional, Samarin, Denis M., additional, Mwang’onde, Beda J., additional, Utoo, Bernard Terkimbi, additional, Jonah, Musa, additional, Sagay, Solomon Atiene, additional, Ayabe, Takanori, additional, Tomita, Masaki, additional, Chosa, Eiichi, additional, Kawagoe, Katsuya, additional, Nakamura, Kunihide, additional, Júnior, Antonio Augusto Lima Teixeira, additional, Almeida, Francílio Araújo, additional, Veloso, José de Ribamar Castro, additional, Pinho, Jaqueline Diniz, additional, Filho, Antonio de Deus, additional, Lages, Joyce Santos, additional, Silva, Gyl Eanes Barros, additional, Mello, George Castro Figueira de, additional, Raviraj, A., additional, Anand, Ashish, additional, Maalepati, Vidyasagar, additional, Sugumar, K. Abhishek, additional, Savsani, Vivek Kumar N., additional, Prabhu, Ajith K., additional, Amin, Azhar, additional, Pai, Sanjay, additional, Mohan, Venkatdeep, additional, Zakharova, Elena V., additional, Makarova, Tatiana A., additional, Zvonova, Elena V., additional, Anilina, Alina M., additional, Stolyarevich, Ekaterina S., additional, Nonye-Enyidah, E. I., additional, Wekere, F. C. C., additional, Donubari, R., additional, Erigbali, P., additional, Kiridi, K., additional, Ogregade, I., additional, Widjajanto, Pudjo H., additional, Sutaryo, Sutaryo, additional, Purwanto, Ignatius, additional, Ven, Peter M. vd, additional, Veerman, Anjo J. P., additional, Migoha, C. O., additional, Ratansi, M., additional, Kaale, E., additional, Kagashe, G., additional, Mootha, Archana, additional, Malaiappan, Sankari, additional, and Karthikeyan, Gurumoorthy, additional

Published
2020
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3. Sex differences in memory clinic patients with possible vascular cognitive impairment

Author

Lieza G. Exalto, Jooske M. F. Boomsma, Rosha Babapour Mofrad, Frederik Barkhof, Onno N. Groeneveld, Rutger Heinen, Hugo J. Kuijf, Anna E. Leeuwis, Niels D. Prins, Geert Jan Biessels, Wiesje M. vd Flier, and TRACE‐VCI study group

Subjects
CAMCOG, infarcts, microbleeds, MMSE, mortality, sex differences, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Introduction We aimed to establish sex differences in vascular brain damage of memory clinic patients with possible vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Methods A total of 860 memory clinic patients (aged 67.7 ± 8.5; 46% female) with cognitive complaints and vascular brain damage (ie, possible VCI) from the prospective TRACE‐VCI (Utrecht‐Amsterdam Clinical Features and Prognosis in Vascular Cognitive Impairment) cohort study with 2‐year follow‐up were included. Age‐adjusted female‐to‐male differences were calculated with general linear models, for demographic variables, vascular risk factors, clinical diagnosis, cognitive performance, and brain magnetic resonance imaging markers. Results We found no difference in age nor distribution of clinical diagnoses between females and males. Females performed worse on the MMSE (Mini‐Mental State Examination) and CAMCOG (Cognitive and Self‐Contained Part of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly). Females had a larger white matter hyperintensity volume, while males more often showed (lacunar) infarcts. There was no difference in microbleed prevalence. Males had smaller normalized total brain and gray matter volumes. During follow‐up, occurrence of cognitive decline and institutionalization was comparable, but mortality was higher in males. Discussion Our results suggest that susceptibility and underlying etiology of VCI might differ by sex. Males seem to have more large vessel brain damage compared to females that have more small vessel brain damage.

Published
2020
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4. Breast cancer during pregnancy: epidemiology, phenotypes, presentation during pregnancy and therapeutic modalities

Author

Ingrid Boere, Christianne Lok, Philip Poortmans, Linetta Koppert, Rebecca Painter, Marry M. vd Heuvel-Eibrink, and Frederic Amant

Subjects
Staging, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Breast Neoplasms, General Medicine, Imaging, Treatment, Phenotype, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Pregnancy, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Humans, Female, Breast, Cancer in pregnancy, Mammography, Neoplasm Staging
Abstract

Although it is uncommon in general, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer during pregnancy. While treatment for pregnant patients should adhere to treatment guidelines for non-pregnant patients, there exist specific considerations concerning diagnosis, staging, oncological treatment, and obstetrical care. Imaging and staging are preferably performed using breast ultrasound and mammography. Other ionizing radiation imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography/ Computed Tomography (PET/CT), can be selectively performed when the estimated benefit for the mother outweighs the risks to the foetus, e.g., when the results will change clinical management. MRI is appropriate to stage for distant disease on the indication. Breast cancer during pregnancy is less often hormone receptor-positive and more frequently triple-negative breast cancer compared to age-matched controls. The basic principle is that women should receive state-of-the-art oncological treatment without delay if possible and that the pregnancy should be maintained as long as possible. Treatment strategy should be multidisciplinary defined, carefully weighing the selection, sequence, and timing of treatment modalities depending on patient-, tumour-, and pregnancy-related characteristics, as well as patient preferences. Initiating cancer treatment during pregnancy often decreases the risks of early delivery and prematurity. Breast cancer surgery is possible during all trimesters. Radiotherapy is possible during pregnancy in the first half of pregnancy. Chemotherapy can be safely administered starting from 12 weeks of gestational age, but endocrine and HER2 targeted therapy are contraindicated throughout the whole pregnancy. Importantly, foetal growth should be monitored and long-term follow-up of the children is encouraged in dedicated centres. ispartof: Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol vol:82 pages:46-59 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published

Published
2022
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5. Serum levels of autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type I receptor are not associated with serum dicarbonyl or AGE levels in patients with an aldosterone-producing adenoma

Author

M. Piazza, N. M. J. Hanssen, J. L. J. M. Scheijen, M. vd Waarenburg, B. Caroccia, T. M. Seccia, C. D. A. Stehouwer, G. P. Rossi, C. G. Schalkwijk, RS: Carim - V01 Vascular complications of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, Interne Geneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Artsass Interne Geneeskunde (9), MUMC+: MA Alg Onderzoek Interne Geneeskunde (9), MUMC+: MA Interne Geneeskunde (3), Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism

Subjects
Internal Medicine
Abstract

Patients with an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) carry a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and commonly have high levels of autoantibodies (AT1AA) that may activate the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). AT1R activation is linked to an increase of the glucose metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO), a potential precursor of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and driver of vascular inflammation. We investigated whether serum AT1AA levels are associated with serum MGO and AGE levels in APA patients. In a case series of 26 patients with APA we measured levels of dicarbonyls MGO, glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and dicarbonyl-derived AGEs 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone (MG-H1), Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) with UPLC-MS/MS. We also measured AT1AA by ELISA. These measurements were repeated 1-month after adrenalectomy in a subset of 14 patients. Panels of inflammation and endothelial function were also measured by immunoassays. Although baseline higher AT1AA levels tended to be correlated with higher baseline serum MGO, GO and 3-DG levels (r = 0.18, p = 0.38; r = 0.20, p = 0.33; r = 0.23, p = 0.26; respectively), these correlations were not statistically significant. We observed no obvious correlations between higher AT1AA levels and protein-bound and free MG-H1, CEL and CML levels, and markers of inflammation and endothelial function. No decrease was observed in any of the dicarbonyls, protein-bound AGE levels and markers of inflammation and endothelial function after adrenalectomy. In patients with APA the serum levels of AT1AA were not significantly correlated with serum dicarbonyls, protein-bound and free AGE levels. Increased signalling of the AT1AA receptor may therefore be unlikely to overtly increase systemic dicarbonyl levels.

Published
2022

6. Reproductive Complications in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Author

Hanneke M van Santen, Annelies M E Bos, Marry M Vd Heuvel-Eibrink, William Wallace, Helena J H van der Pal, and Marianne D. van de Wetering

Subjects
Male, Infertility, endocrine system, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, media_common.quotation_subject, Childhood cancer, Antineoplastic Agents, Fertility, Child Development, Cancer Survivors, Neoplasms, Humans, Medicine, Fertility preservation, Child, media_common, Radiotherapy, urogenital system, Sexual functioning, business.industry, medicine.disease, Cancer treatment, Premature ovarian failure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Genital Diseases, Male, Linear growth, business, Genital Diseases, Female
Abstract

Gonadal dysfunction and infertility after cancer treatment are major concerns for childhood cancer survivors and their parents. Uncertainty about fertility or being diagnosed with infertility has a negative impact on quality of survival. In this article, determinants of gonadal damage are reviewed and consequences for fertility and pregnancies are discussed. Recommendations for screening and treatment of gonadal function are provided. These should enable timely treatment of gonadal insufficiency aiming to improve linear growth, pubertal development, and sexual functioning. Options for fertility preservation are discussed.

Published
2020
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7. Physical exercise training in patients with a Fontan circulation: A systematic review

Author

Linda E Scheffers, Johanna J.M. Takkenberg, Linda E M vd Berg, Karolijn Dulfer, Gamida Ismailova, and Wim A. Helbing

Subjects
Adult, Heart Defects, Congenital, Cardiac function curve, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, education, Physical exercise, Fontan Procedure, Fontan circulation, Fontan procedure, Young Adult, Quality of life, Humans, Aerobic exercise, Medicine, Child, Adverse effect, Exercise, Exercise Tolerance, business.industry, VO2 max, Exercise Test, Quality of Life, Physical therapy, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Background Patients with a Fontan circulation have a reduced exercise capacity, which is an important prognostic predictor of morbidity and mortality. A way to increase exercise capacity in Fontan patients might be exercise training. This systematic review assesses the effects of exercise training investigated in Fontan patients in order to provide an overview of current insights. Design and methods Studies evaluating an exercise training intervention in Fontan patients published up to February 2020 were included in this systematic review. Results From 3000 potential studies, 16 studies reported in 22 publications met the inclusion criteria. In total, 264 Fontan patients with mean age range 8.7–31 years, were included. Different training types including inspiratory muscle training, resistance training and aerobic training were investigated. Main outcome measures reported were peak oxygen uptake, cardiac function, lung function, physical activity levels and quality of life. Peak oxygen uptake increased significantly in 56% of the studies after training with an overall mean increase of +1.72 ml/kg/min (+6.3%). None of the studies reported negative outcome measures related to the exercise programme. In four studies an adverse event was reported, most likely unrelated to the training intervention. Conclusions Exercise training in Fontan patients is most likely safe and has positive effects on exercise capacity, cardiac function and quality of life. Therefore exercise training in Fontan patients should be encouraged. Further studies are required to assess the optimal training type, intensity, duration and long-term effects.

Published
2020
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10. Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 2

Author

G. Kagashe, Jaqueline Diniz Pinho, Denis M. Samarin, Pudjo H. Widjajanto, Sutaryo Sutaryo, Ajith K. Prabhu, R. Donubari, Joyce Santos Lages, K. Abhishek Sugumar, Antonio de Deus Filho, Venkatdeep Mohan, Gyl Eanes Barros Silva, Sankari Malaiappan, Antonio Augusto Lima Teixeira Júnior, Alina M. Anilina, Elena V. Zakharova, Kunihide Nakamura, Ekaterina S. Stolyarevich, Musa Jonah, Francílio Araújo Almeida, I. Ogregade, P. Erigbali, Katsuya Kawagoe, Elena V. Zvonova, José de Ribamar Castro Veloso, M. Ratansi, Masaki Tomita, Eiichi Chosa, Azhar Amin, Sanjay Pai, Peter M. vd Ven, F. C. C. Wekere, E. I. Nonye-Enyidah, Anjo J. P. Veerman, Gurumoorthy Karthikeyan, K. Kiridi, Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, Archana Mootha, George Castro Figueira de Mello, E. Kaale, Vivek Kumar N. Savsani, C. O. Migoha, Ignatius Purwanto, Takanori Ayabe, Beda J Mwang'onde, Tatiana A. Makarova, Oleg V. Bukhtoyarov, A. Raviraj, Solomon Atiene Sagay, Vidyasagar Maalepati, and Ashish Anand

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Library science, business, Medical science
Published
2020
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12. Wie het eerst komt, die het eerst maalt

Author

Harst, M. vd, Schrickx, C.P., and Archeologie West-Friesland

Subjects
Archaeology, Middeleeuwen laat B: 1250 - 1500 nC (LMEB), Nieuwe tijd A: 1500 - 1650 nC (NTA), Economie, onbepaald (EX)
Published
2020
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15. Adaptation to the LEDs flicker requirement in visible light communication systems through CE-OFDM signals

Author

Jair A. L. Silva, José L.C. Neves, Klaas M. vd Zwaag, Helder Roberto de Oliveira Rocha, and Marcelo E. V. Segatto

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Flicker, Bandwidth (signal processing), Visible light communication, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Subcarrier, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business, Phase modulation, Communication channel, Light-emitting diode
Abstract

Constant-envelope OFDM signals based on electrical phase modulation are proposed in visible light communication (VLC) systems to adapt to the LEDs flicker requirements. Experimental results demonstrate that this peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction technique thoroughly adapts to the flicker requirements in line-of-sight single-input single-output (SISO) VLC channels, at a cost of performance penalties, as indicated by the numerical evaluations provided in this paper. The performance of a 272.87 Mb/s CE-OFDM system, with 64-QAM subcarrier mapping in a bandwidth of 100 MHz, is compared with the performance of a conventional OFDM system, after propagation through SISO and multiple-input single-output (MISO) VLC channel models. Besides the strong dependence on the phase modulation index 2 π h , the simulation results show that, in the SISO scenario, the CE-OFDM technique introduces performance penalties. However, with 2 π h = 1 . 3 , the phase modulation based scheme outperforms traditional OFDM systems in the MISO architecture, due to the transmission of low PAPR signals.

Published
2019
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16. Increasing VLC Nonlinearity Tolerance by CE-OFDM

Author

Jair A. L. Silva, José L.C. Neves, Helder Roberto de Oliveira Rocha, K. M. vd Zwaag, and Marcelo E. V. Segatto

Subjects
Physics, Nonlinear system, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Electronic engineering, Visible light communication, Phase modulation, Ofdm transmission
Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate constant-envelope OFDM transmission in visible light communication (VLC) systems to increases the tolerance to nonlinearities. An EVM gain of 3%(5.5dB) was achieved in a 2.5 m link, when compared to conventional OFDM.

Published
2018
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17. AB0488 Capillaroscopy findings in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, a dutch experience of 20 children and adolescents

Author

G de Bree, M vd Berg, Dieneke Schonenberg-Meinema, Valerie Smith, Karin Melsens, A. Nassar-Sheikh-Rashid, Taco W. Kuijpers, L Hak, M. Van Onna, and Maurizio Cutolo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Systemic lupus erythematosus, business.industry, Microangiopathy, Arthritis, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Rheumatology, Microcirculation, Internal medicine, Cohort, medicine, business, Nephritis, Rheumatism
Abstract

Background Capillaroscopy findings can be qualitatively described as: normal, microangiopathy (non-specific abnormalities) or scleroderma pattern (1). Capillary abnormalities, described in varying prevalence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are mainly described as microangiopathy (2–4) Objectives To describe capillary characteristics in a cross-sectional cohort of patients with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) by quantitative and qualitative assessment Methods Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) was performed in cSLE-patients (onset 50 mcm), maximum apical diameter (dilatations defined as apical diameter 20–50mcm) and microbleedings (large hemorrhages and small multiple point-shaped hemorrhages surrounding the capillary loop [image]) Results 4063 capillaries from 20 patients with cSLE, were analyzed. All patients showed capillary abnormalities, 15% (n=3) showed a scleroderma-pattern. A lower mean density (mean 6.7, range 1.9–9.5) was seen in 55% (n=11), multiple (>8 per patient) abnormal shapes in 60% (n=12), apical dilatations in 90% (n=18). Total count of large/small point shaped hemorrhages was 109/855, with a mean of 0.2/1.6 per analyzed image/per patient. These were detected in 85/85% of patients (n=17) Conclusions In this pilot (n=20) of cSLE patients, all showed capillary abnormalities. The most striking finding was the point-shaped bleeding surrounding the capillary, observed in 85% (n=17) of our patients. Prospective longitudinal cohort studies in children through the EULAR study group on microcirculation in Rheumatic diseases will elucidate whether specific findings can be found in child rheumatic diseases References Cutolo M. Atlas of capillaroscopy in rheumatic diseases. Milan: Elsevier; 2010. Ingegnoli F. Capillaroscopy abnormalities in relation to disease activity in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Microvascular research. 2013;87:92–4. Dolezalova P, Young SP, Bacon PA, Southwood TR. Nailfold capillary microscopy in healthy children and in childhood rheumatic diseases: a prospective single blind observational study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62(5):444–9. Shenavandeh S, Habibi S. Nailfold capillaroscopic changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: correlations with disease activity, skin manifestation and nephritis. Lupus 2017:961203316686702. Terreri MT, Andrade LE, Puccinelli ML, Hilario MO, Goldenberg J. Nail fold capillaroscopy: normal findings in children and adolescents. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism. 1999;29(1):36–42. Smith V, Beeckman S, Herrick AL, Decuman S, Deschepper E, De Keyser F, et al. An EULAR study group pilot study on reliability of simple capillaroscopic definitions to describe capillary morphology in rheumatic diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016;55(5):883–90. Disclosure of Interest None declared

Published
2017
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18. SELF-REPORTED KNEE INSTABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH PAIN AND ACTIVITY LIMITATIONS PRIOR AND ONE YEAR AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Author

Jan P. Dekker, T. P. M. Vliet Vlieland, Claudia S. Leichtenberg, Herman M. Kroon, M. vd Esch, and Rob G H H Nelissen

Subjects
030222 orthopedics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Biomedical Engineering, Total knee arthroplasty, Osteoarthritis, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, medicine, Physical therapy, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Knee instability
Published
2017

20. 37th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (part 1 of 3)

Author

F. Barbariol, N. Koulouris, Matteo Pozzi, Fengmei Guo, Christian Richard, Gel'fand Br, A. Sergienko, Erica Adrario, G. Narváez, P. Wacharasint, V. Galanti, I. Labbene, M. Barbagallo, R. Hemler, M. Aroca, Z. Pranskuniene, E. Bresadola, D. Niro, N. Tapanwong, Claudia Scorcella, Elisa Damiani, M. W. Donnino, A. H. Horvat, G. Brizzi, Antonella Marino, Gustavo Ferreira, David H. Berger, S. P. Zeferino, A. Asta, M. R. Pinsky, P. Vargas, Anna Lee, V. Parrini, S. Sosio, J. Gimenez, H. Kandil, C. Y. Yeung, D. G. Grimaldi, S. Poels, M. Ferjani, C. Marenghi, E. Vinke, A. Ulici, S. Risk, V. Ricca, Michele Umbrello, P. Castaldi, V. Rajnala, A. Costa, A. Trifi, M. Serna, T. Apurv, M. Chew, Håkon Haugaa, C. Lai, S. Kongsayreepong, M. Stefan, D. Bonacina, Donald Maberry, I. Toumpoulis, M. Kardara, M. Chlabicz, T. Delnoij, G. Di Lascio, M. Lagiou, Vidas Pilvinis, R. Al Hamdan, A. Devigili, E. Karakoc, M. Gotti, Lars W. Andersen, M. Resta, Massimo Cressoni, L. Zerman, J. Chen, M. Bonizzoli, B. Pedron, Ronney B. Panerai, Guido Tavazzi, O. Koltsida, V. Wongsrichanalai, Luciano Gattinoni, M. Ciapetti, A. Bronco, A. Wattanathum, T. G. Robinson, S. Abdellatif, E. Maffezzini, V. Chica-Saez, Sophia Montissol, Xiaowen Liu, T. Ozahata, Alessia Vargiolu, D. Pavelescu, Geert Meyfroidt, C. Spina, M. Gimeno-Raga, P. V. Van Heerden, Paolo Pelaia, Fabio Guarracino, Luis Fernando Lisboa, S. Asar, Parth V. Patel, G. Kanellis, F. Magni, D. L. Lykke Nielsen, Tommaso Mauri, I. Kiudulaite, N.V. Trembach, J. Higuera, Peter Schellongowski, P. Radsel, L. Colinas, Julia Tizue Fukushima, T. Lam, G. Moise, D. Amitrano, S Martini, M. Stites, A. Lertamornpong, J. Arstikyte, J Ribeiro, A. Peris, Stefano Gatti, Jose Mª Vila, M. Brazaitis, M. C. Ferraro, C. Kroupis, J. Mroczka, M.I. Monge García, A. Herner, F. Dias, Giovanni Landoni, Martin Aldasoro, Diana Jansen, Dan Longrois, M. Castañeda Bermudez, C. Mendes, J. Garlicki, D. Trunfio, L. Masciopinto, S. Ollieuz, J. Hoellthaler, M. Bousselmi, Alexandra Beurton, E. Kaya, I. Kuchyn, M. Cozzolino, J. Serrano Simón, L. Videc, P. Lubli, Anders Larsson, Asta Krikscionaitiene, D. Stajer, M. A. Suzer, G. Hernández, T. Serrano, J. Jancik, Marta Lazzeri, Cornelia W. E. Hoedemaekers, Nawal Salahuddin, T. Morley, Mathieu Jozwiak, Jigeeshu V Divatia, P. Nocera, Peter E. Spronk, Laurent Brochard, D. Vannini, A. Carletti, W. Farouk, A. Kyriakoudi, B. Kreymann, Stefania Tondi, K. Kaminski, Annmarie Touborg Lassen, Napplika Kongpolprom, Czarina C. H. Leung, Xavier Monnet, Sheila Nainan Myatra, A. Abdelmohsen, M. Siranovic, A. Tycińska, A. Waldmann, Pablo Mercado, E. Konstantellou, N Rossi, Jean-Louis Teboul, J. Nikhilesh, D. Ippolito, R. Martinelli, R. Pinciroli, Juliano Pinheiro de Almeida, S. Mashayekhi, A. Botero, P. Werner-Moller, E. Näslund, Phillip A Hopkins, F. Marani, C. Gerrard, V. Nn, C. Filippini, G. Cuvelier, B. Ende-Schneider, F. Perlikos, Carlo Alberto Volta, Rafael Kawati, F. Ruiz-Ferron, J. Villalobos Silva, M. Sklar, S. Golemati, L. Mirea, O. Maadarani, G. Michaloudis, T. Bonus, F Galas, G. Vergani, Nicholas Hart, Katharina Riss, Jihad Mallat, O. R. Ranzani, F. Fortuna, M. Taverna, B L De Keulenaer, W. Serednicki, M. Chambaz, Roberta Domizi, L. Ferreira-Santos, N. Abded, L.B. von Kobyletzki, C. Aldasoro, François Dépret, S. Heines, N. A. Rezepov, A. Calini, Antonio Pesenti, T. Goslar, R. Groehs, R. Fumagalli, L. Gottin, S. Pentakota, M. Guanziroli, Paolo Formenti, M Falco, Gerrard F. Rafferty, AI Yaroshetskiy, P. Checharoen, R. Driessen, S. H. Munson, T. Skladzien, B. Kodali, P. Numthavaj, Baljit Singh, T. M. Kuijper, K. Abdel Aziz, G. Eren, M. Kuroki, S. Guerra-Ojeda, Marco Antonio de Carvalho-Filho, Eddy Fan, J. Mendes, K. Sassi, Z. G. Gavranovic, W. Sellami, R. Norgueira, Joseph Rinehart, J. Real, Giacomo Bellani, M. Yahia, C. Schreiber, S. Sardo, Paul J Young, L. Stojcic, G. Giuliano, HK Atalan, Paolo Taccone, Stephanie Itala Rizk, Jukka Takala, David Cabestrero, Manuel Ignacio Monge García, Thomas Staudinger, Antoni Torres, Valentina Girotto, Andrew Rhodes, G Van den Berghe, P. Rastrelli, G. Stocchi, Zhongping Jian, R. Vela-Colmenero, M. Van de Poll, Gaetano Perchiazzi, S. Reidt, A. Franci, Khaled M. Taema, R. Cavazos Schulte, Giacomo Grasselli, S. Johansson, K. Hung, M. R. Lima, I. Smith, C. Day, Xiwen Zhang, L. Hajjar, M. Eriksson, T. Kinsella, I. Vasileiadis, O. Acicbe, Andrius Pranskunas, Silvia Mongodi, Stefan Wolf, Giovanni Mistraletti, L Camara, Neringa Balciuniene, J. Freeman, J. De Los Santos, R. Lo, O. Fochi, A. Pikwer, A. Dijkstra, I. Regeni, N. Nakwan, Annemijn H. Jonkman, A. Papalois, D. N. Novotni, Nicola Jones, G. Cappuccini, F Turani, Miklos Lipcsey, L. Alban, A. Canabal, M. Buise, A. Nestorowicz, O. Hergunsel, G. Mercurio, H. Lopez Ferretis, A. G. Garnero, D. Signori, A. Zanella, A. Ayyildiz, D. Falco, E. 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03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Intensive care, Emergency medicine, Medicine, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, intensive care medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, business
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2017
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21. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

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Vos T. a, Abajobir A. A. d, Abbafati C. h, Abbas K. M. i, Abate K. H., Abd-Allah F. j, Abdulle A. M. k, Abebo T. A. l, Abera S. F. m, r Aboyans, V. s Abu-Raddad, L. J. t Ackerman, I. N. u Adamu, A. A. x Adetokunboh, O. z Afarideh, M. cl, Afshin A. a, Agarwal, S. K. aa, Aggarwal, R. ab, Agrawal, A. ac, ad Agrawal, S. ag, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A. ah, Ahmadieh, H. aj, am Ahmed, M. B. an, Aichour, A. N. ap, I. aq, M. T. E. ar, Aiyar S. a, Akinyemi, R. O. as, at Akseer, N. au, Al Lami, F. H. ay, Alahdab, F. az, ba Al-Aly, Z. bb, Alam, K. bc, bg bi, N. bj, Alam T. a, Alasfoor, D. bk, Alene, K. A. bl, bo Ali, R. bw, Alizadeh-Navaei, R. bx, Alkerwi, A. by, Alla, F. bz, Allebeck, P. dh, Allen C. a, Al-Maskari, F. ca, Al-Raddadi, R. cb, Alsharif, U. cd, Alsowaidi, S. ca, Altirkawi, K. A. ce, Amare, A. T. cf, ch Amini, E. cj, ck Ammar, W. cz, Amoako, Y. A. da, Andersen, H. H. db, Antonio, C. A. T. dd, Anwari, P. de, Ärnlöv, J. df, dj Artaman, A. dk, Aryal, K. K. dl, dm Asayesh, H. dn, Asgedom S. 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S., V, Vh, V, Tesfaye, D, Tesssema, B., B, Thamsuwan, O, Thomas, K, Thrift, A, Tiruye, T. Y., F, Tobe-Gai, R., V, Tollanes, M. C., K, Vl, T, Topor-Madry, Vm, T, Vn, T, Tran, B. X., D, Vp, T, Truelsen, C, T., V, Tsoi, D, Tuem, K, Tuzcu, E. M., V, Tyrovolas, S., V, Ukwaja, K. N., V, Undurraga, E. A., V, Uneke, C. J., V, Updike, R, Uthman, O. A., V, Uzochukwu, B. S. C., V, Van, B, J. F. M., F, Varughese, Vasankari, Venkatesh, Venketasubramanian, Vidavalur, R., W, Violante, F. S., W, Vladimirov, S. K., W, Vlassov, V. V., W, Vollset, S, Ke, M, Wadilo, Wakayo, T., A, Wang, Y. -P., W, Weaver, M, Weichenthal, S., W, Weiderpass, E., D, Wg, W, Wi, W, R. G., B, Wj, W, Werdecker, Westerman, Wl, W, H. A. a., D, Gz, W, T., B, Wm, W, C. S. z., W, Wolfe, C. D. A., F, Wo, W, Woolf, R, A. D., W, Workicho, Wq, Wulf, H, Xavier, S, D., W, Xu, G., W, Yadgir, S, Yaghoubi, Wt, Y, B., Q, Yan, L. L., W, Yano, Y., W, Ye, P., N, Yimam, Yip, P., W, Wx, Y, N., W, Yoon, S. -J., N, Yotebieng, M., W, Xa, Y, M. 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J., X, Murray, C, Viðskiptadeild (HR), School of Business (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, Vos, Theo, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Ackerman, Ilana N., Adamu, Abdu Abdullahi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fare, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addi, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Amare, Azmeraw T., Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Andersen, Hjalte H., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W., Assadi, Reza, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Atre, Sachin R., Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. 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Ray, Dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Doyle, Kerrie E., Driscoll, Tim R., Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Ellerstrand, Jerisha, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E., Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Feigin, Valery L., Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Ferrari, Alize J., Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D., Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J., Franklin, Richard C., Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thoma, Furtado, Joao M., Futran, Neal D., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ganji, Morsaleh, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gebre, Teshome, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleto, Ayele, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W., Ghajar, Alireza, Gibney, Katherine B., Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Giref, Ababi Zergay, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W., Gold, Audra L., Goldberg, Ellen M., Gona, Philimon N., Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goto, Atsushi, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Griswold, Max, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Handal, Alexis J., Hankey, Graeme J., Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L., Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Haro, Josep Maria, Harvey, Jame, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmu, Hawley, Caitlin, Hay, Roderick J., Hay, Simon I., Henry, Nathaniel J., Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hoek, Hans W., Hoffman, Howard J., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. 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Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumar, Sanjiv, Kyu, Hmwe H., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Larsson, Ander, Lavados, Pablo M., Leasher, Janet L., Lee, Jong-Tae, Lee, Paul H., Leigh, Jame, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Li Kappe, Darya, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S., Linn, Shai, Liu, Angela, Liu, Patrick Y., Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, London, Stephanie J., Looker, Katharine J., Lopez, Alan D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Low, Nicola, Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Timothy C.D., Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Manhertz, Treh, Mantilla, Ana, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Mapoma, Chabila C., Marczak, Laurie B., Martinez-Raga, 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Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Paulson, Katherine, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M., Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie Beth, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M., Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Narayan, Prasad, Noela M., Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quansah, Reginald, Rabiee, Rynaz H.S., Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C., Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E., Reiner, Robert C., Reinig, Nikola, Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A., Roy, Ambuj, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Saadat, Soheil, Sadat, Nafi, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salomon, Joshua A., Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan R., Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S., Santos, João Vasco, Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Schneider, Ione J.C., Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Setegn, Tesfaye, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shi, Peilin, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirude, Shreya, Shishani, Kawkab, Shrime, Mark G., Sibai, Abla Mehio, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Silva, 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Dawit Jember, Tesssema, Belay, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thomas, Katie E., Thrift, Amanda G., Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tollanes, Mette C., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathi, Suryakant, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thoma, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefano, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Undurraga, Eduardo A., Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi, Van Boven, Job F.M., Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venkatesh, S., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Violante, Francesco S., Vladimirov, Sergey K., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weaver, Marcia, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G., Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A., Wijeratne, Tissa, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D., Workicho, Abdulhalik, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Xavier, Deni, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L., Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z., Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhang, Xueying, Zhou, Maigeng, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J.L.

Subjects
Dánarmein, People with disabilities, Heilsufar, Dánartíðni, Langlífi, Age disdtribution, Diseases, Socioeconomic factors, Population aging, Bakverkir, Heilbrigðisstefna, Population growth, Psychology, Women, Low back pain, Mortality, Health Estimates Reporting, Public health systems, medicine (all), Konur, Tölfræði, Heilsugæsla, Aldraðir, Sjúkdómar, Global burden of disease/statistics and numerical data, Wounds and injuries, Health care, Fatlaðir, Respiratory infections, Men, Þjóðir, Staðtölur, Öndunarfærasjúkdómar, Heilbrigðisþjónusta, Health policy, Lýðfræði, Sálfræði, World health, Áverkar, Karlar, Health service, Dental caries, Félagshagfræði, Mannfjöldi, Older people, Fólksfjölgun, Cause of death/trends, Heilbrigðiskerfi, Tannskemmdir
Abstract

Background As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. Methods We estimated prevalence and incidence for 328 diseases and injuries and 2982 sequelae, their non-fatal consequences. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause of death rates for each condition. For some causes, we used alternative modelling strategies if incidence or prevalence needed to be derived from other data. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence and a disability weight for all mutually exclusive sequelae, corrected for comorbidity and aggregated to cause level. We updated the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and total fertility rate. GBD 2016 complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER). Findings Globally, low back pain, migraine, age-related and other hearing loss, iron-deficiency anaemia, and major depressive disorder were the five leading causes of YLDs in 2016, contributing 57.6 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 40.8-75.9 million [7.2%, 6.0-8.3]), 45.1 million (29.0-62.8 million [5.6%, 4.0-7.2]), 36.3 million (25.3-50.9 million [4.5%, 3.8-5.3]), 34.7 million (23.0-49.6 million [4.3%, 3.5-5.2]), and 34.1 million (23.5-46.0 million [4.2%, 3.2-5.3]) of total YLDs, respectively. Age-standardised rates of YLDs for all causes combined decreased between 1990 and 2016 by 2.7% (95% UI 2.3-3.1). Despite mostly stagnant age-standardised rates, the absolute number of YLDs from non-communicable diseases has been growing rapidly across all SDI quintiles, partly because of population growth, but also the ageing of populations. The largest absolute increases in total numbers of YLDs globally were between the ages of 40 and 69 years. Age-standardised YLD rates for all conditions combined were 10.4% (95% UI 9.0-11.8) higher in women than in men. Iron-deficiency anaemia, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and all musculoskeletal disorders apart from gout were the main conditions contributing to higher YLD rates in women. Men had higher age-standardised rates of substance use disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and all injuries apart from sexual violence. Globally, we noted much less geographical variation in disability than has been documented for premature mortality. In 2016, there was a less than two times difference in age-standardised YLD rates for all causes between the location with the lowest rate (China, 9201 YLDs per 100 000, 95% UI 6862-11943) and highest rate (Yemen, 14 774 YLDs per 100 000, 11 018-19 228). Interpretation The decrease in death rates since 1990 for most causes has not been matched by a similar decline in age-standardised YLD rates. For many large causes, YLD rates have either been stagnant or have increased for some causes, such as diabetes. As populations are ageing, and the prevalence of disabling disease generally increases steeply with age, health systems will face increasing demand for services that are generally costlier than the interventions that have led to declines in mortality in childhood or for the major causes of mortality in adults. Up-todate information about the trends of disease and how this varies between countries is essential to plan for an adequate health-system response., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health.

Published
2017

22. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author

Barber R. M. a, Fullman N. a, Sorensen R. J. D. a, Bollyky T. f, McKee M. i, Nolte E. g, Abajobir A. A. j, Abate K. H. n, Abbafati C. o, Abbas K. M. p, Abd-Allah F. q, Abdulle A. M. r, Abdurahman, A. A. ac, Abera, S. F. ad, ah Abraham, B. ai, Abreha, G. F. ad, Adane, K. af, Adelekan, A. L. aj, ak Adetifa, I. M. O. i al, Afshin A. a, Agarwal, A. ao, ap Agarwal, S. K. aq, S. ar, Agrawal, A. as, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A. au, Ahmadi, A. ax, Ahmed, K. Y. ay, Ahmed M. B. m, Akinyemi, R. O. ak, az Akinyemiju, T. F. ba, Akseer, N. am, bc Al-Aly, Z. bd, Alam, K. be, bf dn, dq Alam, N. bg, S. S. bh, Alemu, Z. A. ay, Alene, K. A. bi, Alexander L. a, Ali, R. bm, S. D. bn, bo bp, Alizadeh-Navaei, R. bq, Alkerwi, A. bs, Alla, F. bt, Allebeck, P. bu, Allen C. a, Al-Raddadi, R. cb, Alsharif, U. cd, Altirkawi, K. A. ce, Alvarez Martin, E. cf, Alvis-Guzman, N. cg, Amare, A. T. ch, cj gr, Amini E. s, t wy, Ammar, W. cl, Amo-Adjei, J. cm, cn Amoako, Y. A. co, Anderson B. O. e, Androudi, S. cq, Ansari, H. cr, Ansha, M. G. cs, Antonio, C. A. T. ct, Ärnlöv, J. bv, cv Artaman, A. cw, Asayesh, H. cx, Assadi, R. cy, Astatkie, A. cz, Atey, T. M. ag, Atique, S. da, Atnafu, N. T. dc, dd Atre, S. R. de, Avila-Burgos, L. df, Avokpaho, E. F. G. A. dg, Ayala Quintanilla, B. P. di, dj Awasthi, A. dk, Ayele, N. N. dl, Azzopardi, P. dm, dn dr, Ba Saleem, H. O. dt, Bärnighausen, T. du, dz ea, Bacha, U. eb, Badawi, A. an, ec Banerjee, A. ed, Barac, A. eg, Barboza, M. A. ej, ek Barker-Collo, S. L. el, Barrero, L. H. en, Basu, S. eo, Baune, B. T. ch, gr Baye, K. eq, Bayou, Y. T. er, Bazargan-Hejazi, S. es, et Bedi, N. eu, Beghi, E. ev, Béjot, Y. ew, Bello, A. K. ex, Bennett, D. A. bm, Bensenor, I. M. ez, Berhane, A. fa, Bernabé, E. fd, Bernal, O. A. fe, Beyene, A. S. ff, ki Beyene, T. J. eq, fi Bhutta, Z. A. bc, fj Biadgilign, S. fk, Bikbov, B. fl, Birlik, S. M. fm, Birungi, C. ef, Biryukov S. a, Bisanzio, D. bk, Bizuayehu, H. 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Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olivares, Pedro R, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osborne, Richard H, Osman, Majdi, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda W, Pakhale, Smita, Castillo, Elizabeth Palomare, Pana, Adrian, Papachristou, Christina, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patel, Teja, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paul, Vinod K, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Prakash, V., Purwar, Manorama, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quistberg, D Alex, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C, Rawaf, Salman, Rego, Maria Albertina Santiago, Reitsma, Marissa, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Nawal K, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sackey, Ben Benasco, Saeedi, Mohammad Yahya, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolore, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Santos, João Vasco, Milicevic, Milena M Santric, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Seedat, Soraya, Seid, Abdulbasit Musa, Seifu, Canaan Negash, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Setegn, Tesfaye, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, 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Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Wen, Chi-Pang, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Workie, Shimelash Bitew, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Deni, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlo, Zapata, Toma, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L

Subjects
Dánartíðni, Lífslíkur, Life expectancy, Diseases, Health insurance, Globan Burden of Disease, Healthcare Access, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, Methods, Psychology, LIFE EXPECTANCY, Risk assessment, Public health, Globan Burden of Disease, Injuries, Tölfræði, Sjúkdómar, Statistics, DEATH, Þjóðir, Staðtölur, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Healthcare access, Health status indicators, Health policy, Global burden of disease, Gæðastjórnun, Sálfræði, COMPARATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT, Lýðheilsa, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Standards, UNITED-STATES, Sjúkratryggingar, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, Heilbrigðisstefna, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, Mortality, Public health systems, medicine (all), Áhættugreining, Science & Technology, Health services accessibility, Staðlar, TRENDS, Heilbrigðisþjónusta, MEDICAL-CARE, AVOIDABLE MORTALITY, Áverkar, Aðferðafræði, Quality of health care, EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, Heilbrigðiskerfi
Abstract

Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. Methods We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure-the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index-on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r= 0.88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r= 0.83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r= 0.77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertility rates. This frontier allowed us to better quantify the maximum levels of personal health-care access and quality achieved across the development spectrum, and pinpoint geographies where gaps between observed and potential levels have narrowed or widened over time. Findings Between 1990 and 2015, nearly all countries and territories saw their HAQ Index values improve; nonetheless, the difference between the highest and lowest observed HAQ Index was larger in 2015 than in 1990, ranging from 28.6 to 94.6. Of 195 geographies, 167 had statistically significant increases in HAQ Index levels since 1990, with South Korea, Turkey, Peru, China, and the Maldives recording among the largest gains by 2015. Performance on the HAQ Index and individual causes showed distinct patterns by region and level of development, yet substantial heterogeneities emerged for several causes, including cancers in highest-SDI countries; chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diarrhoeal diseases, and lower respiratory infections among middle-SDI countries; and measles and tetanus among lowest-SDI countries. While the global HAQ Index average rose from 40.7 (95% uncertainty interval, 39.0-42.8) in 1990 to 53.7 (52.2-55.4) in 2015, far less progress occurred in narrowing the gap between observed HAQ Index values and maximum levels achieved; at the global level, the difference between the observed and frontier HAQ Index only decreased from 21.2 in 1990 to 20.1 in 2015. If every country and territory had achieved the highest observed HAQ Index by their corresponding level of SDI, the global average would have been 73.8 in 2015. Several countries, particularly in eastern and western sub-Saharan Africa, reached HAQ Index values similar to or beyond their development levels, whereas others, namely in southern sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and south Asia, lagged behind what geographies of similar development attained between 1990 and 2015. Interpretation This novel extension of the GBD Study shows the untapped potential for personal health-care access and quality improvement across the development spectrum. Amid substantive advances in personal health care at the national level, heterogeneous patterns for individual causes in given countries or territories suggest that few places have consistently achieved optimal health-care access and quality across health-system functions and therapeutic areas. This is especially evident in middle-SDI countries, many of which have recently undergone or are currently experiencing epidemiological transitions. The HAQ Index, if paired with other measures of health-systemcharacteristics such as intervention coverage, could provide a robust avenue for tracking progress on universal health coverage and identifying local priorities for strengthening personal health-care quality and access throughout the world., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Published
2017

25. Selective unresponsiveness to beta cell autoantigens after induction immunosuppression in pancreas transplantation with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibody versus anti-thymocyte globulin

Author

J.W. de Fijter, O. M. H. Tysma, Bart O. Roep, P. Van De Linde, Frans H.J. Claas, D.L. Roelen, P. J. M. vd Boog, and J. F. Elliott

Subjects
Adult, Graft Rejection, Male, Interleukin 2, Daclizumab, Translational Studies, medicine.medical_treatment, T cell, Immunology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Autoantigens, Immune system, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Immune Tolerance, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, IL-2 receptor, Antilymphocyte Serum, Immunosuppression Therapy, business.industry, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Receptors, Interleukin-2, Immunosuppression, Middle Aged, Kidney Transplantation, Recombinant Proteins, eye diseases, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Anti-thymocyte globulin, Transplantation, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunoglobulin G, Interleukin-2, Female, Pancreas Transplantation, business, Immunologic Memory, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Pancreas transplantation in type 1 diabetes patients could result in (re)activation of allo- and autoreactive T lymphocytes. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) induction treatment is a successful, but broadly reactive anti-lymphocyte therapy used in pancreas and islet transplantation. A more selective alternative is daclizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) on activated lymphocytes. We tested the hypothesis that daclizumab is more selective and has less immunological side effects than ATG. Thirty-nine simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation patients with type 1 diabetes were randomized for induction therapy with ATG or daclizumab. Auto- and recall immunity was measured cross-sectionally by lymphocyte stimulation tests with a series of auto- and recall antigens in 35 successfully transplanted patients. T cell autoimmunity to islets was low in both groups, except for a marginal but significantly higher reactivity against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 in daclizumab-treated patients. The memory responses to recall antigens were significantly higher in the daclizumab-treated group compared to ATG-treated patients, specifically against purified protein derivative (PPD) (anti-bacterial immunity), Haemophilus influenzae virus matrix protein-1 (anti-viral immunity) and p53 [anti-tumour (auto)immunity]. These data imply that daclizumab is more specifically affecting diabetes-related immune responses than ATG. The autoimmunity is affected effectively after daclizumab induction, while memory responses towards bacterial, viral and tumour antigens are preserved.

Published
2007
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26. Healthcare access and quality index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: A novel analysis from the global burden of disease study 2015

Author

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H., D, Yip, P., X, Xk, Y, N., X, Yoon, S. -J., T, Younis, M. Z., X, Yu, C., X, Xo, Z, Z., X, El Sayed, Z, M., X, Zambrana-Torrelio, Xs, Z, T., X, Zenebe, Z. M., A, Zodpey, Zoeckler L., A, Zuhlke, L. J., X, Murray, C, Barber R. M. a, Fullman N. a, Sorensen R. J. D. a, Bollyky T. f, McKee M. i, Nolte E. g, Abajobir A. A. j, Abate K. H. n, Abbafati C. o, Abbas K. M. p, Abd-Allah F. q, Abdulle A. M. r, A. A. ac, S. F. ad, ah Abraham, B. ai, G. F. ad, K. af, A. L. aj, ak Adetifa, I. M. O. i al, Afshin A. a, A. ao, ap Agarwal, S. K. aq, S. ar, A. as, at, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A. au, A. ax, K. Y. ay, Ahmed M. B. m, R. O. ak, az Akinyemiju, T. F. ba, N. am, bc Al-Aly, Z. bd, K. be, bf dn, dq Alam, N. bg, S. S. bh, Z. A. ay, K. A. bi, Alexander L. a, R. bm, S. D. bn, bo bp, R. bq, A. bs, F. bt, P. bu, Allen C. a, R. cb, U. cd, K. A. ce, Alvarez Martin, E. cf, N. cg, A. T. ch, cj gr, Amini E. s, t wy, W. cl, J. cm, cn Amoako, Y. A. co, Anderson B. O. e, S. cq, H. cr, M. G. cs, C. A. T. ct, J. bv, cv Artaman, A. cw, H. cx, R. cy, A. cz, T. M. ag, S. da, N. T. dc, dd Atre, S. R. de, L. df, E. F. G. A. dg, dh, Ayala Quintanilla, B. P. di, dj Awasthi, A. dk, N. N. dl, P. dm, dn dr, ds, Ba Saleem, H. O. dt, T. du, dz ea, U. eb, A. an, ec Banerjee, A. ed, A. eg, M. A. ej, ek Barker-Collo, S. L. el, L. H. en, S. eo, B. T. ch, gr Baye, K. eq, Y. T. er, S. es, et Bedi, N. eu, E. ev, Y. ew, A. K. ex, D. A. bm, I. M. ez, A. fa, E. fd, O. A. fe, A. S. ff, ki Beyene, T. J. eq, fi Bhutta, Z. A. bc, fj Biadgilign, S. fk, B. fl, S. M. fm, C. ef, Biryukov S. a, D. bk, H. M. fn, D. fo, M. fp, Brauer M. a, fq Brazinova, A. fr, fs Breitborde, N. J. K. fu, H. fw, Z. A. fx, R. fy, I. R. df, dx Car, J. fz, J. J. bw, Casey D. a, V. ga, C. A. gb, gc, Castillo Rivas, J. gd, ge Catalá-López, F. gf, gg Cecilio, P. gh, Cercy K. a, Charlson F. J. a, j gi, Chen A. Z. a, Chew A. a, M. gj, C. E. gk, V. H. gl, gm Chitheer, A. A. gn, R. go, H. gp, D. J. gq, L. G. ci, M. gs, Coggeshall M. S. a, L. T. gt, M. fl, J. A. gu, K. gv, H. gw, Dandona L. a, gy Dandona, R. a gy, P. I. gz, Das Neves, J. ha, hb Davey, G. hd, D. V. he, K. hf, hg, De Leo, D. hh, Del Gobbo, L. C. eo, Del Pozo-Cruz, B. em, R. P. hi, K. ep, hj Deribew, A. al, bk, Des Jarlais, D. C. hk, hl Dey, S. hm, S. D. hn, Dicker D. a, E. L. dx, K. ho, E. R. hp, K. E. hq, hr Dubey, M. hs, Ehrenkranz R. a, C. L. hu, I. hv, A. hw, S. P. hx, hy Eshrati, B. hz, ia Esteghamati, A. t wz, Estep K. a, Fürst T. h, ic ie, Faghmous I. D. A. i, F. B. B. cz, if Faraon, E. J. A. cu, ig Farid, T. A. ih, C. S. E. S. ii, ij Faro, A. ik, M. S. dw, il Farzadfar, F. u xa, V. L. im, A. B. du, S. -M. bx, J. G. in, J. C. io, T. R. ip, F. iq, Fitzmaurice C. a, b ir, Fleming T. D. a, N. is, Foreman K. J. a, ib Forouzanfar, M. H. it, R. C. iu, Frostad J. a, Ghiwot T. T. n, Gakidou E. a, K. iv, A. iv, W. ix, A. L. iy, iz Gebre, T. ja, Gebremedhin A. T. n, jb Gebremichael, M. W. ag, A. A. ag, jc Gelaye, A. A. jd, J. M. fh, R. je, jf Gibney, K. B. jg, A. Z. eq, M. D. fg, jh Giussani, G. ev, Godwin W. W. a, Gold A. a, Goldberg E. M. a, P. N. ji, A. jj, S. V. jk, A. jl, Graetz N. a, F. ib, jm Griswold, M. a Guban, P. I. jn, H. C. jo, P. C. jp, R. jq, R. jr, T. js, V. jt, T. D. fb, jv Hafezi-Nejad, N. t xb, D. eq, A. D. ep, jx Hailu, G. B. ag, jc Hakuzimana, A. jz, ka Hamadeh, R. R. kb, M. T. ff, S. kc, M. kd, G. J. ke, kf kg, Y. kh, H. L. cl, H. A. eq, J. M. mw, Hassanvand M. S. w, xc Havmoeller, R. ca, R. J. fd, kk Hay, S. I. a bl, D. kl, I. B. df, H. W. ju, km Horino, M. ko, N. kp, H. D. kq, A. S. kr, ks Hu, G. kt, H. ku, J. J. kv, Huntley B. M. a, Huynh C. a, K. M. kw, B. V. kx, K. ky, A. A. fg, kj Jahanmehr, N. kz, M. B. lb, P. dv, S. L. lc, M. ld, S. P. le, A. U. lf, lg Jeemon, P. gx, lh li, nh Jha, V. bm, lk John, D. ll, Johnson C. a, Johnson S. C. a, J. B. lm, K. ln, Z. lo, Y. lp, R. lq, H. ls, A. lt, lu Karema, C. K. id, lv Karimi, S. M. lw, Kasaeian A. t, y xd, Kassebaum N. J. a, lx Kastor, A. hs, S. V. ly, P. N. lz, ma Kemmer, L. a Kemp, A. H. mc, me Kengne, A. P. jz, mf Kerbo, A. A. if, M. iv, C. N. lq, Y. S. mg, Khalil I. a, A. R. ih, E. A. mh, G. mi, Y. -H. mj, A. T. A. ml, I. iv, J. mm, G. D. ay, D. mn, Kim P. a, Y. J. mo, R. W. mp, Y. mq, N. fq, M. by, Y. mr, A. ms, D. mt, J. A. fq, S. mu, P. A. mv, A. mw, M. mx, S. my, Krohn K. J. a, Kuate Defo, B. mz, na, Kucuk Bicer, B. nb, E. J. nd, V. S. ne, G. A. lj, F. A. fg, kj Kutz, M. a Kyu, H. H. a Lager, A. C. J. nf, A. ng, D. K. ni, Lalloo R. k, T. nj, Q. nl, Langan S. M. i, V. C. nm, nn Larson, H. J. a h, A. no, D. O. cp, A. A. np, A. E. B. nq, J. L. nr, J. bf, M. ky, nt Leshargie, C. T. ay, Leung J. e, j Leung, R. nu, M. nv, X. nw, Lim S. S. a, Lind M. a, S. nx, S. E. ny, nz Liu, P. a Liu, Y. oa, L. -T. ob, oc Logroscino, G. od, A. D. do, S. A. oe, P. A. ez, R. df, R. of, og Lyons, R. A. mb, E. R. K. kv, M. T. oh, Magdy Abd El Razek, H. oi, M. oj, M. ok, ol Majeed, A. ib, Malekzadeh R. z, xe Malta, D. C. on, Mantovani LG, T. op, C. C. gl, W. oq, G. B. md, ns Marquez, N. a Martinez-Raga, J. or, os Marzan, M. B. ot, J. hc, ou Mathur, M. R. ni, P. K. ov, M. ow, McAlinden, C. ox, oy McGrath, J. J. l McNellan, C. a Meaney, P. A. oz, pa Mehari, A. pb, M. M. pc, T. pd, A. B. bf, bj Meles, K. G. ad, Z. A. pe, pf Mengesha, M. M. ff, D. T. ae, Mengistie M. A. n, B. G. eq, G. A. pg, Mereta S. T. n, A. dp, ph Meretoja, T. J. nk, pi Mezgebe, H. B. ag, R. pj, Millear A. a, E. J. pl, Minnig S. a, Mirarefin M. a, pm Mirrakhimov, E. M. pn, po Mock, C. N. c Mohammad, K. A. pp, S. ea, pq Mohanty, S. K. hs, Mokdad A. H. a, G. L. D. pr, M. fd, L. ps, M. ps, Moradi-Lakeh M. a, pt Moraga, P. pz, L. pv, pw Mori, R. qa, Moses M. a, U. O. qc, S. fq, K. I. qd, J. B. qe, qf qg, C. qh, G. qj, Naghavi M. a, A. bh, L. qk, V. ql, B. R. qm, qn Negoi, I. qo, S. P. ks, C. R. qp, Ng M. a, F. N. qq, J. W. qr, Nguyen G. a, D. N. A. db, qs Nolte, S. cc, qt rj, M. qv, O. F. jx, B. av, J. J. N. jz, qw Obermeyer, C. M. qx, F. A. qy, I. -H. ra, A. rb, O. rc, rd Olagunju, A. T. ci, P. R. re, Olsen H. E. a, B. O. rf, J. O. rf, J. N. rg, E. rh, A. ri, R. H. rk, M. dy, rl Owolabi, M. O. rm, rn Mahesh, P. A. ro, Pain A. W. a, S. rp, Palomares Castillo, E. rq, rr Pana, A. kx, C. cd, Parsaeian M. u, v xa, T. rs, G. C. dn, D. rt, V. K. aq, Pearce N. i, D. M. ru, R. rv, F. rw, rx Perico, N. Pesudovs, K. ry, M. rz, sa Phillips, M. R. oa, sb Pigott, D. M. a Pillay, J. D. sc, Pinho C. a, S. nc, C. D. sd, V. se, M. sf, M. sg, Quistberg D. A. c, d Radfar, A. sh, A. si, sj Rahimi, K. bm, V. aa, xf Rahman, M. sk, M. H. U. hs, R. K. sl, U. hs, S. M. si, sj Rankin, Z. a Rao, P. V. sm, sn Rao, P. C. a Rawaf, S. ib, M. A. S. om, Reitsma M. a, G. fl, so sp, A. M. N. N. qz, S. sq, sr Rezaei, S. aw, M. S. br, A. L. qm, H. S. ff, M. B. ac, Roshandel G. z, st xe, Roth G. A. a, D. qi, N. K. su, sv Sachdev, P. S. ss, sw Sackey, B. B. sx, M. Y. sy, S. sz, R. aq, M. A. ab, xg Saleh, M. M. ta, J. A. du, A. M. tb, J. 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K. ay, A. pu, T. ip, vh Tekle, D. Y. ag, Temam Shifa, G. eq, vi Terkawi, A. S. vj, vk vl, A. G. ag, J. S. vm, A. J. vn, T. ee, T. Y. ay, R. vo, M. vp, R. vq, vr Tortajada, M. vs, Troeger C. a, T. vt, A. K. fg, jv Uchendu, U. S. vu, K. N. vv, E. A. vw, C. J. vx, O. A. vy, Van Boven, J. F. M. jv, Van Dingenen, R. vz, S. gq, T. wa, N. wb, F. S. wc, S. K. wd, V. V. we, Vollset S. E. a, ht jw, Vos T. a, Wagner J. A. a, Wakayo T. n, S. G. wf, Walson J. L. e, wg Wang, H. a Wang, Y. -P. wh, Watkins D. A. e, jz Weiderpass, E. bz, wi wj, wk Weintraub, R. G. dn, oh Wen, C. -P. iw, A. qb, J. wl, wm Westerman, R. qc, wn Whiteford, H. A. a j, gi Wilkinson, J. D. ny, nz Wiysonge, C. S. qf, wo Woldeyes, C. D. A. fc, wp Won, S. mk, Workicho A. n, wq Workie, S. B. if, M. wr, ws Xavier, D. wt, G. wu, A. K. hs, M. wv, B. th, L. L. ww, Y. wx, M. la, xi Yimam, H. H. dc, P. xj, xk Yonemoto, N. xl, S. -J. ty, M. Z. xm, C. xn, xo Zaidi, Z. xp, El Sayed Zaki, M. xq, C. xr, xs Zapata, T. xt, Z. 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A. ux, J. px, py uy, Sur P. a, S. uz, B. L. va, R. gf, K. M. vb, G. R. ad, R. T. vc, M. vd, M. ve, N. vf, vg Teeple, S. a Tegegne, T. K. ay, A. pu, T. ip, vh Tekle, D. Y. ag, Temam Shifa, G. eq, vi Terkawi, A. S. vj, vk vl, A. G. ag, J. S. vm, A. J. vn, T. ee, T. Y. ay, R. vo, M. vp, R. vq, vr Tortajada, M. vs, Troeger C. a, T. vt, A. K. fg, jv Uchendu, U. S. vu, K. N. vv, E. A. vw, C. J. vx, O. A. vy, Van Boven, J. F. M. jv, Van Dingenen, R. vz, S. gq, T. wa, N. wb, F. S. wc, S. K. wd, V. V. we, Vollset S. E. a, ht jw, Vos T. a, Wagner J. A. a, Wakayo T. n, S. G. wf, Walson J. L. e, wg Wang, H. a Wang, Y. -P. wh, Watkins D. A. e, jz Weiderpass, E. bz, wi wj, wk Weintraub, R. G. dn, oh Wen, C. -P. iw, A. qb, J. wl, wm Westerman, R. qc, wn Whiteford, H. A. a j, gi Wilkinson, J. D. ny, nz Wiysonge, C. S. qf, wo Woldeyes, C. D. A. fc, wp Won, S. mk, Workicho A. n, wq Workie, S. B. if, M. wr, ws Xavier, D. wt, G. wu, A. K. hs, M. wv, B. th, L. L. ww, Y. wx, M. la, xi Yimam, H. H. dc, P. xj, xk Yonemoto, N. xl, S. -J. ty, M. Z. xm, C. xn, xo Zaidi, Z. xp, El Sayed Zaki, M. xq, C. xr, xs Zapata, T. xt, Z. M. ag, Zoeckler L. a, L. J. xu, and Murray C. J. L.

Abstract

Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. Methods We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure-the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index-on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r=0·88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r=0·83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r=0·77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertilit

Published
2017

27. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Vos T., A, Abajobir A. A., D, Abbafati C., H, Abbas K. M., I, Abate, K, Abd-Allah F., J, Abdulle A. M., K, Abebo T. A., L, Abera S. F., M, R, A, V., S, L. J., T, I. N., U, A. A., X, O., Z, M., C, Afshin A., A, Agarwal, S. K., A, Aggarwal, R., A, Agrawal, A., A, Ad, A, S., A, Ahmad, K, Ahmadieh, H., A, Am, A, M. B., A, Aichour, A. N., A, I., A, M. T. E., A, Aiyar S., A, Akinyemi, R. O., A, At, A, N., A, Av, Al, L, F. H., A, Alahdab, F., A, Ba, A, Z., B, Alam, K., B, Bg, B, N., B, Alam T., A, Alasfoor, D., B, Alene, K. A., B, Bo, A, R., B, Alizadeh-Navaei, Alkerwi, A., B, Alla, F., B, Allebeck, P., D, Allen C., A, Al-Maskari, F., C, Al-Raddadi, R., C, Alsharif, U., C, Alsowaidi, S., C, Altirkawi, K. A., C, Amare, A. T., C, Ch, A, E., C, Ck, A, W., C, Amoako, Y. A., D, Andersen, H. H., D, Antonio, C. A. T., D, Anwari, Ärnlöv, J., D, Dj, A, A., D, Aryal, K. K., D, Dm, A, H., D, Asgedom S. W., Q, Assadi, R., D, Atey T. M., Q, Atnafu, N. T., D, Atre, S. R., D, Ds, A, L., D, Avokpaho, E. F. G. A., D, Dv, A, Ayala, Q, B. P., D, Dy, Ba, S, H. O., D, Bacha, U., E, Badawi, Eb, B, K., E, Banerjee, A., E, Bannick M. S., A, Barac, Barber R. M., A, Barker-Collo, S. L., E, Bärnighausen, T., E, El, E, Barquera, S., D, Barregard, L., E, Barrero, L. H., E, Basu, S., E, Battista, B., E, Battle, K. E., B, Baune, B. T., C, Bazargan-Hejazi, Es, B, J., E, Bedi, N., E, Beghi, E., E, Béjot, Y., E, Bekele, B. B., B, Ex, B, M. L., E, Bennett, D. A., B, Bensenor, I. M., F, Benson J., A, Berhane, A., F, Berhe D. F., N, Fe, B, E., F, Betsu B. D., Q, Beuran, M., F, Fk, B, A. S., F, Bhala, N., F, Fo, B, Bhatt, S., F, Bhutta, Z. A., A, Fu, B, Bienhoff K., A, Bikbov, B., F, Birungi, C., E, Biryukov S., A, Bisanzio, Bizuayehu, H. M., F, Boneya, D. J., F, Boufous, Bourne, R. R. A., G, Brazinova, A., G, Brugha, T. S., G, Buchbinder R., U, Gg, B, L. N. B., F, Bumgarner B. R., A, Butt, Z. A., G, Cahuana-Hurtado, Cameron, E., B, Car, Gi, C, H., G, Carapetis, J. R., G, Cárdenas, R., G, Carpenter, D. O., G, Carrero, J. J., D, Carter A., A, Carvalho, F., G, Casey D. C., A, Caso, V., G, Castañeda-Orjuela, C. A., G, Gt, C, C. D., A, Gv, C, H. -Y., G, Gx, C, J. -C., G, Charlson F. J., A, D, G, Chen, H., H, Chibalabala, M., H, Chibueze, C. E., H, Chisumpa, V. H., H, He, C, A. A., H, Christopher, D. J., H, Ciobanu, L. G., C, Cirillo, Colombara D., A, Cooper, C., B, Hi, H, Cortesi, P. A., H, Criqui, M. H., H, Crump, J. A., H, Dadi, A. F., B, Hp, D, K., H, Dandona L., A, Ag, D, Das, N, J., G, Davitoiu, D. V., F, De, C, B., W, De, L, D., H, Degenhardt L., A, Ga, D, R. P., H, Deribe, Hu, Des, J, D. C., H, Hx, D, Dharmaratne, S. D., H, Dhillon, P. K., A, Dicker D., A, Ding, E. L., E, Djalalinia, S., H, Do, H. P., I, Dorsey, E. R., I, Dos, S, K. P. B., I, Douwes-Schultz D., A, Doyle, Id, D, T. R., B, Dubey, M., I, Duncan, B. B., I, Ig, E, Z. Z., D, Ih, E, A., I, Endries, A. Y., I, Ermakov, S. P., I, Il, E, H. E., A, Gz, E, B., I, In, E, S., I, Esteghamati, A., C, Estep K., A, Fanuel, F. B. 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K. dl, dm Asayesh, H. dn, Asgedom S. W. q, R. do, Atey T. M. q, N. T. dp, S. R. dq, ds Avila-Burgos, L. dt, E. F. G. A. du, dv Awasthi, A. dw, Ayala Quintanilla, B. P. dx, dy, Ba Saleem, H. O. dz, U. ea, A. aw, eb Balakrishnan, K. ec, A. ed, Bannick M. S. a, A. eg, Barber R. M. a, S. L. ei, T. ej, el em, S. dt, L. en, L. H. eo, S. ep, B. eq, K. E. bq, B. T. cf, S. er, es Beardsley, J. et, N. eu, E. ev, Y. ew, B. B. bm, ex Bell, M. L. ey, D. A. bs, I. M. fb, Benson J. a, A. fc, Berhe D. F. n, fe Bernabé, E. fi, Betsu B. D. q, M. fj, fk Beyene, A. S. fl, N. fn, fo Bhansali, A. fp, S. fq, Z. A. au, fu Biadgilign, S. fv, Bienhoff K. a, B. fw, C. ef, Biryukov S. a, D. bt, H. M. fy, D. J. fx, S. fz, R. R. A. gd, A. ge, T. S. gf, Buchbinder R. u, gg Bulto, L. N. B. fm, Bumgarner B. R. a, Z. A. gh, E. br, M. ft, gi Carabin, H. gj, J. R. gk, R. gl, D. O. gm, J. J. dg, Carter A. a, F. gn, Casey D. C. a, V. gr, C. A. gs, gt Castle, C. 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Abstract

Background As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. Methods We estimated prevalence and incidence for 328 diseases and injuries and 2982 sequelae, their non-fatal consequences. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause of death rates for each condition. For some causes, we used alternative modelling strategies if incidence or prevalence needed to be derived from other data. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence and a disability weight for all mutually exclusive sequelae, corrected for comorbidity and aggregated to cause level. We updated the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and total fertility rate. GBD 2016 complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER). Findings Globally, low back pain, migraine, age-related and other hearing loss, iron-deficiency anaemia, and major depressive disorder were the five leading causes of YLDs in 2016, contributing 57·6 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 40·8-75·9 million [7·2%, 6·0-8·3]), 45·1 million (29·0-62·8 million [5·6%, 4·0-7·2]), 36·3 million (25·3-50·9 million [4·5%, 3·8-5·3]), 34·7 million (23·0-49·6 million [4·3%, 3·5-5·2]), and 34·1 million (23·5-46·0 million [4·2%, 3·2-5·3]) of total YLDs, respectively. Age-standardised rates of YLDs for all causes combined decreased between 1990 and 2016 by 2·7% (95% UI 2·3-3·1). Despite mostly stagnant age-standardised rates, the absolute number of YLDs from non-c, Background As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. Methods We estimated prevalence and incidence for 328 diseases and injuries and 2982 sequelae, their non-fatal consequences. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause of death rates for each condition. For some causes, we used alternative modelling strategies if incidence or prevalence needed to be derived from other data. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence and a disability weight for all mutually exclusive sequelae, corrected for comorbidity and aggregated to cause level. We updated the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and total fertility rate. GBD 2016 complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER). Findings Globally, low back pain, migraine, age-related and other hearing loss, iron-deficiency anaemia, and major depressive disorder were the five leading causes of YLDs in 2016, contributing 57·6 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 40·8-75·9 million [7·2%, 6·0-8·3]), 45·1 million (29·0-62·8 million [5·6%, 4·0-7·2]), 36·3 million (25·3-50·9 million [4·5%, 3·8-5·3]), 34·7 million (23·0-49·6 million [4·3%, 3·5-5·2]), and 34·1 million (23·5-46·0 million [4·2%, 3·2-5·3]) of total YLDs, respectively. Age-standardised rates of YLDs for all causes combined decreased between 1990 and 2016 by 2·7% (95% UI 2·3-3·1). Despite mostly stagnant age-standardised rates, the absolute number of YLDs from non-c

Published
2017

28. Over welke ethische competenties moeten studenten bachelor verpleegkunde bij afstuderen beschikken?

Author

Beckeringh, G., Kessler, C.J., Hoven, M. vd. (Thesis Advisor), Beckeringh, G., and Kessler, C.J., Hoven, M. vd. (Thesis Advisor)

Abstract

In hoofdstuk 1 wordt na het beschrijven van de doelstelling een onderbouwing van de relevantie van de vraagstelling (over welke ethische competenties moeten studenten HBO-Verpleegkunde bij afstuderen beschikken?) beschreven. Deze wordt onderbouwd met vijf argumenten: Docenten ethiek vinden het een probleem dat ze geen duidelijk antwoord hebben op de vraag over welke ethische competenties de studente HBO-V op het eind van de opleiding zou moeten beschikken. In de tweede plaats blijkt dat over het concept ethische competentie geen eenduidigheid bestaat. In de derde plaats blijkt uit onderzoek dat de kwaliteit van ethiekonderwijs aan verpleegkundigen in Nederland verbetering behoeft. In de vierde plaats blijkt uit internationaal onderzoek dat het ethiekonderwijs aan verpleegkundigen weliswaar verbeterd is, maar dat de resultaten hiervan in de beroepspraktijk niet aantoonbaar zijn. Het recent verschenen Opleidingsprofiel Bachelor Nursing 2020 geeft concrete handvatten voor het herinrichten van onder andere het curriculum ethiek op de HBO-V’s. Tot slot wordt de relevantie van de context van het onderwijs in de ethiek op de HBO-Verpleegkunde beschreven. Geconcludeerd wordt dat de context en mede daardoor het perspectief van de opleiding verschilt met dat van de studente. In hoofdstuk 2 wordt het concept ‘competentiegericht onderwijs’ van breed (in alle vormen van het beroepsonderwijs) naar meer specifiek (verpleegkunde) beschreven. Kenmerkend voor competentiegericht onderwijs is dat het start vanuit een analyse van het beroep en niet vanuit de opvattingen van de docent. Deze visie op opleiden is niet zonder kritiek. Deze kritiek wordt waardevol geacht, maar gepareerd. Meer specifiek is er kritiek op het gebruik van het concept competentiegericht onderwijs in de zorgopleidingen. Deze is dat het te weinig ruimte laat voor ‘menslievende zorg’. Ook deze kritiek wordt weerlegd. Vervolgens wordt nader ingegaan op ethische competenties. Het Vier Componenten Model FCM) van Rest e

Published
2017

29. Healthcare access and quality index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: A novel analysis from the global burden of disease study 2015

Author

Barber, R, Fullman, N, Sorensen, R, Bollyky, T, Mckee, M, Nolte, E, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abbafati, C, Abbas, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, A, Abdurahman, A. A., A, Abera, S. F., A, Ah, A, B., A, Abreha, G. F., A, Adane, K., A, Adelekan, A. L., A, Ak, A, I. M. O. i., A, Afshin, A, Agarwal, A., A, Ap, A, S. K., A, S., A, Agrawal, At, Ahmad, K, Ahmadi, Ahmed, K. Y., A, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R. O., A, Az, A, T. F., B, Akseer, N., A, Bc, A, Z., B, Alam, K., B, Bf, D, Dq, A, N., B, S. S., B, Alemu, Z. A., A, Alene, K. A., B, Alexander, L, Ali, R., B, S. D., B, Bo, B, Alizadeh-Navaei, Alkerwi, A., B, Alla, F., B, Allebeck, P., B, Allen, C, Al-Raddadi, R., C, Alsharif, U., C, Altirkawi, K. A., C, Alvarez, M, E., C, Alvis-Guzman, N., C, Amare, A. T., C, Cj, G, Amini, E, T, W, Ammar, W., C, Amo-Adjei, J., C, Cn, A, Y. A., C, Anderson, B, Androudi, S., C, Ansari, H., C, Ansha, M. G., C, Antonio, C. A. T., C, Ärnlöv, J., B, Cv, A, A., C, Asayesh, Assadi, Astatkie, Atey, T. 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W., M, Kinfu, Y., M, Kissoon, N., F, Kivipelto, M., B, Kokubo, Kolk, A., M, Kolte, Kopec, J. A., F, Kosen, S., M, Koul, P. A., M, Koyanagi, Kravchenko, M., M, Krishnaswami, Krohn, K, Kuate, D, B., M, Na, Kucuk, B, B., N, Kuipers, E. J., N, Kulkarni, V. S., N, Kumar, G. A., L, Kumsa, F. A., F, Kj, K, Kyu, M, Lager, H, A. C. J., N, Lal, A., N, D. K., N, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T., N, Lan, Q., N, Langan, S, Lansingh, V. C., N, Nn, L, H, H, Larsson, Laryea, D. O., C, Latif, A. A., N, Lawrynowicz, A. E. B., N, Leasher, J. L., N, Leigh, Leinsalu, Nt, L, C. T., A, Leung, J, J, L, R., N, Levi, M., N, Liang, X., N, Lim, S, Lind, M, Linn, S., N, Lipshultz, S. E., N, Nz, L, Liu, P, Y., O, Lo, L. -T., O, Oc, L, G., O, Lopez, A. D., D, Lorch, S. A., O, Lotufo, P. A., E, Lozano, R., D, Lunevicius, R., O, Og, L, R. A., M, Macarayan, E. R. K., K, Mackay, M. T., O, Magdy Abd El, R, H., O, M., O, Mahdavi, Ol, M, Malekzadeh, R, Xe, M, D. C., O, Mantovani, L, Manyazewal, T., O, Mapoma, C. 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A. bm, I. M. ez, A. fa, E. fd, O. A. fe, A. S. ff, ki Beyene, T. J. eq, fi Bhutta, Z. A. bc, fj Biadgilign, S. fk, B. fl, S. M. fm, C. ef, Biryukov S. a, D. bk, H. M. fn, D. fo, M. fp, Brauer M. a, fq Brazinova, A. fr, fs Breitborde, N. J. K. fu, H. fw, Z. A. fx, R. fy, I. R. df, dx Car, J. fz, J. J. bw, Casey D. a, V. ga, C. A. gb, gc, Castillo Rivas, J. gd, ge Catalá-López, F. gf, gg Cecilio, P. gh, Cercy K. a, Charlson F. J. a, j gi, Chen A. Z. a, Chew A. a, M. gj, C. E. gk, V. H. gl, gm Chitheer, A. A. gn, R. go, H. gp, D. J. gq, L. G. ci, M. gs, Coggeshall M. S. a, L. T. gt, M. fl, J. A. gu, K. gv, H. gw, Dandona L. a, gy Dandona, R. a gy, P. I. gz, Das Neves, J. ha, hb Davey, G. hd, D. V. he, K. hf, hg, De Leo, D. hh, Del Gobbo, L. C. eo, Del Pozo-Cruz, B. em, R. P. hi, K. ep, hj Deribew, A. al, bk, Des Jarlais, D. C. hk, hl Dey, S. hm, S. D. hn, Dicker D. a, E. L. dx, K. ho, E. R. hp, K. E. hq, hr Dubey, M. hs, Ehrenkranz R. a, C. L. hu, I. hv, A. hw, S. P. hx, hy Eshrati, B. hz, ia Esteghamati, A. t wz, Estep K. a, Fürst T. h, ic ie, Faghmous I. D. A. i, F. B. B. cz, if Faraon, E. J. A. cu, ig Farid, T. A. ih, C. S. E. S. ii, ij Faro, A. ik, M. S. dw, il Farzadfar, F. u xa, V. L. im, A. B. du, S. -M. bx, J. G. in, J. C. io, T. R. ip, F. iq, Fitzmaurice C. a, b ir, Fleming T. D. a, N. is, Foreman K. J. a, ib Forouzanfar, M. H. it, R. C. iu, Frostad J. a, Ghiwot T. T. n, Gakidou E. a, K. iv, A. iv, W. ix, A. L. iy, iz Gebre, T. ja, Gebremedhin A. T. n, jb Gebremichael, M. W. ag, A. A. ag, jc Gelaye, A. A. jd, J. M. fh, R. je, jf Gibney, K. B. jg, A. Z. eq, M. D. fg, jh Giussani, G. ev, Godwin W. W. a, Gold A. a, Goldberg E. M. a, P. N. ji, A. jj, S. V. jk, A. jl, Graetz N. a, F. ib, jm Griswold, M. a Guban, P. I. jn, H. C. jo, P. C. jp, R. jq, R. jr, T. js, V. jt, T. D. fb, jv Hafezi-Nejad, N. t xb, D. eq, A. D. ep, jx Hailu, G. B. ag, jc Hakuzimana, A. jz, ka Hamadeh, R. R. kb, M. T. ff, S. kc, M. kd, G. J. ke, kf kg, Y. kh, H. L. cl, H. A. eq, J. M. mw, Hassanvand M. S. w, xc Havmoeller, R. ca, R. J. fd, kk Hay, S. I. a bl, D. kl, I. B. df, H. W. ju, km Horino, M. ko, N. kp, H. D. kq, A. S. kr, ks Hu, G. kt, H. ku, J. J. kv, Huntley B. M. a, Huynh C. a, K. M. kw, B. V. kx, K. ky, A. A. fg, kj Jahanmehr, N. kz, M. B. lb, P. dv, S. L. lc, M. ld, S. P. le, A. U. lf, lg Jeemon, P. gx, lh li, nh Jha, V. bm, lk John, D. ll, Johnson C. a, Johnson S. C. a, J. B. lm, K. ln, Z. lo, Y. lp, R. lq, H. ls, A. lt, lu Karema, C. K. id, lv Karimi, S. M. lw, Kasaeian A. t, y xd, Kassebaum N. J. a, lx Kastor, A. hs, S. V. ly, P. N. lz, ma Kemmer, L. a Kemp, A. H. mc, me Kengne, A. P. jz, mf Kerbo, A. A. if, M. iv, C. N. lq, Y. S. mg, Khalil I. a, A. R. ih, E. A. mh, G. mi, Y. -H. mj, A. T. A. ml, I. iv, J. mm, G. D. ay, D. mn, Kim P. a, Y. J. mo, R. W. mp, Y. mq, N. fq, M. by, Y. mr, A. ms, D. mt, J. A. fq, S. mu, P. A. mv, A. mw, M. mx, S. my, Krohn K. J. a, Kuate Defo, B. mz, na, Kucuk Bicer, B. nb, E. J. nd, V. S. ne, G. A. lj, F. A. fg, kj Kutz, M. a Kyu, H. H. a Lager, A. C. J. nf, A. ng, D. K. ni, Lalloo R. k, T. nj, Q. nl, Langan S. M. i, V. C. nm, nn Larson, H. J. a h, A. no, D. O. cp, A. A. np, A. E. B. nq, J. L. nr, J. bf, M. ky, nt Leshargie, C. T. ay, Leung J. e, j Leung, R. nu, M. nv, X. nw, Lim S. S. a, Lind M. a, S. nx, S. E. ny, nz Liu, P. a Liu, Y. oa, L. -T. ob, oc Logroscino, G. od, A. D. do, S. A. oe, P. A. ez, R. df, R. of, og Lyons, R. A. mb, E. R. K. kv, M. T. oh, Magdy Abd El Razek, H. oi, M. oj, M. ok, ol Majeed, A. ib, Malekzadeh R. z, xe Malta, D. C. on, Mantovani LG, T. op, C. C. gl, W. oq, G. B. md, ns Marquez, N. a Martinez-Raga, J. or, os Marzan, M. B. ot, J. hc, ou Mathur, M. R. ni, P. K. ov, M. ow, McAlinden, C. ox, oy McGrath, J. J. l McNellan, C. a Meaney, P. A. oz, pa Mehari, A. pb, M. M. pc, T. pd, A. B. bf, bj Meles, K. G. ad, Z. A. pe, pf Mengesha, M. M. ff, D. T. ae, Mengistie M. A. n, B. G. eq, G. A. pg, Mereta S. T. n, A. dp, ph Meretoja, T. J. nk, pi Mezgebe, H. B. ag, R. pj, Millear A. a, E. J. pl, Minnig S. a, Mirarefin M. a, pm Mirrakhimov, E. M. pn, po Mock, C. N. c Mohammad, K. A. pp, S. ea, pq Mohanty, S. K. hs, Mokdad A. H. a, G. L. D. pr, M. fd, L. ps, M. ps, Moradi-Lakeh M. a, pt Moraga, P. pz, L. pv, pw Mori, R. qa, Moses M. a, U. O. qc, S. fq, K. I. qd, J. B. qe, qf qg, C. qh, G. qj, Naghavi M. a, A. bh, L. qk, V. ql, B. R. qm, qn Negoi, I. qo, S. P. ks, C. R. qp, Ng M. a, F. N. qq, J. W. qr, Nguyen G. a, D. N. A. db, qs Nolte, S. cc, qt rj, M. qv, O. F. jx, B. av, J. J. N. jz, qw Obermeyer, C. M. qx, F. A. qy, I. -H. ra, A. rb, O. rc, rd Olagunju, A. T. ci, P. R. re, Olsen H. E. a, B. O. rf, J. O. rf, J. N. rg, E. rh, A. ri, R. H. rk, M. dy, rl Owolabi, M. O. rm, rn Mahesh, P. A. ro, Pain A. W. a, S. rp, Palomares Castillo, E. rq, rr Pana, A. kx, C. cd, Parsaeian M. u, v xa, T. rs, G. C. dn, D. rt, V. K. aq, Pearce N. i, D. M. ru, R. rv, F. rw, rx Perico, N. Pesudovs, K. ry, M. rz, sa Phillips, M. R. oa, sb Pigott, D. M. a Pillay, J. D. sc, Pinho C. a, S. nc, C. D. sd, V. se, M. sf, M. sg, Quistberg D. A. c, d Radfar, A. sh, A. si, sj Rahimi, K. bm, V. aa, xf Rahman, M. sk, M. H. U. hs, R. K. sl, U. hs, S. M. si, sj Rankin, Z. a Rao, P. V. sm, sn Rao, P. C. a Rawaf, S. ib, M. A. S. om, Reitsma M. a, G. fl, so sp, A. M. N. N. qz, S. sq, sr Rezaei, S. aw, M. S. br, A. L. qm, H. S. ff, M. B. ac, Roshandel G. z, st xe, Roth G. A. a, D. qi, N. K. su, sv Sachdev, P. S. ss, sw Sackey, B. B. sx, M. Y. sy, S. sz, R. aq, M. A. ab, xg Saleh, M. M. ta, J. A. du, A. M. tb, J. R. tc, td Sanchez-Niño, M. D. te, Sandar L. a, I. S. ey, J. V. hc, Santric Milicevic, M. M. eh, ei Sarmiento-Suarez, R. tf, B. tg, ti Satpathy, M. aq, M. hu, M. tj, M. I. tk, B. fv, tl Schutte, A. E. tm, tn Schwebel, D. C. bb, S. qf, A. M. ff, C. N. if, Sepanlou S. G. z, xe Serdar, B. to, E. E. df, T. ck, Shackelford K. A. a, A. tp, S. tq, M. A. tr, Shamsipour M. x, xh, Shariful Islam, S. M. bh, J. ts, R. tt, J. lr, Sheikhbahaei S. t, wz Shen, J. ft, tu Shi, P. pk, M. tv, tw Shin, M. -J. tx, R. nj, H. tz, M. G. dy, E. L. S. if, I. D. ua, D. A. S. ub, D. G. A. uc, S. ca, J. A. ud, O. P. ue, P. K. uf, V. ug, A. H. uh, A. E. ui, V. hu, kn Sliwa, K. jy, Smith A. a, E. uj, uk Soneji, S. ul, J. B. um, T. C. M. un, L. A. uo, C. T. up, V. uq, N. jm, ur Steiner, C. a Steinke, S. us, M. A. qu, S. bs, M. ut, K. uu, uv Sturua, L. iv, M. B. uw, R. A. ux, J. px, py uy, Sur P. a, S. uz, B. L. va, R. gf, K. M. vb, G. R. ad, R. T. vc, M. vd, M. ve, N. vf, vg Teeple, S. a Tegegne, T. K. ay, A. pu, T. ip, vh Tekle, D. Y. ag, Temam Shifa, G. eq, vi Terkawi, A. S. vj, vk vl, A. G. ag, J. S. vm, A. J. vn, T. ee, T. Y. ay, R. vo, M. vp, R. vq, vr Tortajada, M. vs, Troeger C. a, T. vt, A. K. fg, jv Uchendu, U. S. vu, K. N. vv, E. A. vw, C. J. vx, O. A. vy, Van Boven, J. F. M. jv, Van Dingenen, R. vz, S. gq, T. wa, N. wb, F. S. wc, S. K. wd, V. V. we, Vollset S. E. a, ht jw, Vos T. a, Wagner J. A. a, Wakayo T. n, S. G. wf, Walson J. L. e, wg Wang, H. a Wang, Y. -P. wh, Watkins D. A. e, jz Weiderpass, E. bz, wi wj, wk Weintraub, R. G. dn, oh Wen, C. -P. iw, A. qb, J. wl, wm Westerman, R. qc, wn Whiteford, H. A. a j, gi Wilkinson, J. D. ny, nz Wiysonge, C. S. qf, wo Woldeyes, C. D. A. fc, wp Won, S. mk, Workicho A. n, wq Workie, S. B. if, M. wr, ws Xavier, D. wt, G. wu, A. K. hs, M. wv, B. th, L. L. ww, Y. wx, M. la, xi Yimam, H. H. dc, P. xj, xk Yonemoto, N. xl, S. -J. ty, M. Z. xm, C. xn, xo Zaidi, Z. xp, El Sayed Zaki, M. xq, C. xr, xs Zapata, T. xt, Z. M. ag, Zoeckler L. a, L. J. xu, Murray C. J. L., Barber, R, Fullman, N, Sorensen, R, Bollyky, T, Mckee, M, Nolte, E, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abbafati, C, Abbas, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, A, Abdurahman, A. A., A, Abera, S. F., A, Ah, A, B., A, Abreha, G. F., A, Adane, K., A, Adelekan, A. L., A, Ak, A, I. M. O. i., A, Afshin, A, Agarwal, A., A, Ap, A, S. K., A, S., A, Agrawal, At, Ahmad, K, Ahmadi, Ahmed, K. Y., A, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R. O., A, Az, A, T. F., B, Akseer, N., A, Bc, A, Z., B, Alam, K., B, Bf, D, Dq, A, N., B, S. S., B, Alemu, Z. A., A, Alene, K. A., B, Alexander, L, Ali, R., B, S. D., B, Bo, B, Alizadeh-Navaei, Alkerwi, A., B, Alla, F., B, Allebeck, P., B, Allen, C, Al-Raddadi, R., C, Alsharif, U., C, Altirkawi, K. A., C, Alvarez, M, E., C, Alvis-Guzman, N., C, Amare, A. T., C, Cj, G, Amini, E, T, W, Ammar, W., C, Amo-Adjei, J., C, Cn, A, Y. A., C, Anderson, B, Androudi, S., C, Ansari, H., C, Ansha, M. G., C, Antonio, C. A. T., C, Ärnlöv, J., B, Cv, A, A., C, Asayesh, Assadi, Astatkie, Atey, T. M., A, Atique, S., D, Atnafu, N. T., D, Dd, A, S. R., D, Avila-Burgos, L., D, Avokpaho, E. F. G. A., D, Dh, Ayala, Q, B. P., D, Dj, A, A., D, Ayele, N. N., D, Azzopardi, P., D, Dn, D, Ds, Ba, S, H. O., D, Bärnighausen, T., D, Dz, E, Bacha, U., E, Badawi, Ec, B, A., E, Barac, Barboza, M. A., E, Ek, B, S. L., E, Barrero, L. H., E, Basu, S., E, Baune, B. T., C, Gr, B, K., E, Bayou, Y. T., E, Bazargan-Hejazi, Et, B, N., E, Beghi, E., E, Béjot, Y., E, Bello, A. K., E, Bennett, D. A., B, Bensenor, I. M., E, Berhane, A., F, Bernabé, E., F, Bernal, O. A., F, Beyene, A. S., F, Ki, B, T. J., E, Fi, B, Z. A., B, Fj, B, S., F, Bikbov, B., F, Birlik, S. M., F, Birungi, C., E, Biryukov, S, Bisanzio, D., B, Bizuayehu, H. M., F, Bose, D., F, Brainin, M., F, Brauer, M, Fq, B, Fs, B, N. J. K., F, Brenner, H., F, Butt, Z. A., F, Cárdenas, R., F, Cahuana-Hurtado, Campos-Nonato, I. R., D, Dx, C, J., F, Carrero, J. J., B, Casey, D, Caso, V., G, Castañeda-Orjuela, C. A., G, Gc, Castillo, R, J., G, Ge, C, F., G, Gg, C, P., G, Cercy, K, Charlson, F, J, G, Chen, A, Chew, A, Chibalabala, M., G, Chibueze, C. E., G, Chisumpa, V. H., G, Gm, C, A. A., G, Chowdhury, R., G, Christensen, H., G, Christopher, D. J., G, Ciobanu, L. G., C, Cirillo, Coggeshall, M, Cooper, L. T., G, Cortinovis, Crump, J. A., G, Dalal, K., G, Danawi, Dandona, L, Gy, D, R. a., G, Dargan, P. I., G, Das, N, J., H, Hb, D, G., H, Davitoiu, D. V., H, Davletov, K., H, Hg, De, L, D., H, Del, G, L. C., E, Del, P, B., E, Dellavalle, R. P., H, Deribe, Hj, D, Bk, Des, J, D. C., H, Hl, D, S., H, Dharmaratne, S. D., H, Dicker, D, Ding, E. L., D, Dokova, Dorsey, E. R., H, Doyle, K. E., H, Hr, D, M., H, Ehrenkranz, R, Ellingsen, C. L., H, Elyazar, I., H, Enayati, A., H, Ermakov, S. P., H, Hy, E, B., H, Ia, E, A. t., W, Estep, K, Fürst, T, Ic, I, Faghmous, I, Fanuel, F. B. B., C, If, F, E. J. A., C, Ig, F, T. A., I, Farinha, C. S. E. S., I, Ij, F, A., I, Farvid, M. S., D, Il, F, F. u., X, Feigin, V. L., I, Feigl, A. B., D, Fereshtehnejad, S. -M., B, Fernandes, J. G., I, J. C., I, Feyissa, T. R., I, Fischer, F., I, Fitzmaurice, C, B, I, Fleming, T, Foigt, N., I, Foreman, K, Ib, F, M. H., I, Franklin, R. C., I, Frostad, J, Ghiwot, T, Gakidou, E, Gambashidze, K., I, Gamkrelidze, Gao, W., I, Garcia-Basteiro, A. L., I, Iz, G, T., J, Gebremedhin, A, Jb, G, M. W., A, Gebru, Jc, G, A. A., J, Geleijnse, J. M., F, Genova-Maleras, R., J, Jf, G, K. B., J, Giref, A. Z., E, Gishu, M. D., F, Jh, G, G., E, Godwin, W, Gold, A, Goldberg, E, Gona, P. N., J, Goodridge, A., J, Gopalani, S. V., J, Goto, Graetz, N, Greaves, Jm, G, Guban, M, P. I., J, Gugnani, H. C., J, Gupta, P. C., J, V., J, Habtewold, T. D., F, Jv, H, N. t., X, Haile, D., E, Hailu, A. D., E, Jx, H, G. B., A, Jc, H, Ka, H, R. R., K, Hambisa, M. T., F, Hamidi, S., K, Hammami, M., K, Hankey, G. J., K, Kf, K, Hao, Y., K, Harb, H. L., C, Hareri, H. A., E, Haro, J. M., M, Hassanvand, M, Xc, H, Hay, R. J., F, Kk, H, S. I. a., B, Hendrie, D., K, Heredia-Pi, I. B., D, Hoek, H. W., J, Km, H, Horita, N., K, Hosgood, H. D., K, Htet, A. S., K, Ks, H, G., K, Huang, H., K, J. J., K, Huntley, B, Huynh, C, Iburg, K. M., K, Ileanu, B. V., K, Innos, K., K, Irenso, A. A., F, Kj, J, Jakovljevic, M. B., L, James, S. L., L, Javanbakht, M., L, Jayaraman, S. P., L, Jayatilleke, A. U., L, Lg, J, Lh, L, Nh, J, V., B, Lk, J, D., L, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Jonas, J. B., L, Juel, K., L, Kabir, Z., L, Kalkonde, Y., L, Kamal, R., L, Kan, H., L, Karch, A., L, Lu, K, C. K., I, Lv, K, S. M., L, Kasaeian, A, Y, X, Kassebaum, N, Lx, K, Katikireddi, S. V., L, Kazanjan, Keiyoro, P. N., L, Ma, K, Kemp, L, A. H., M, Me, K, A. P., J, Mf, K, A. A., I, Kereselidze, M., I, Kesavachandran, C. N., L, Khader, Y. S., M, Khalil, I, Khan, A. R., I, E. A., M, G., M, Khang, Y. -H., M, Khoja, A. T. A., M, Khonelidze, I., I, Khubchandani, J., M, Kibret, G. D., A, Kim, D., M, Kim, P, Y. J., M, Kimokoti, R. W., M, Kinfu, Y., M, Kissoon, N., F, Kivipelto, M., B, Kokubo, Kolk, A., M, Kolte, Kopec, J. A., F, Kosen, S., M, Koul, P. A., M, Koyanagi, Kravchenko, M., M, Krishnaswami, Krohn, K, Kuate, D, B., M, Na, Kucuk, B, B., N, Kuipers, E. J., N, Kulkarni, V. S., N, Kumar, G. A., L, Kumsa, F. A., F, Kj, K, Kyu, M, Lager, H, A. C. J., N, Lal, A., N, D. 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Abstract

Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. Methods We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure-the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index-on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r=0·88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r=0·83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r=0·77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertilit

Published
2017

31. A caspase gene-based security mechanism for potential leukemogenesis in human cord blood-derived T cell progenitors

Author

M Hapke, Brenner Meinrad, Martin Sauer, Axel Schambach, H Maul, Jessica Herbst, J Sürth, J Hübner, M vd Brink, and Sayed Shahabuddin Hoseini

Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure, Chemistry, Mechanism (biology), Cord blood, T cell, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Caspase Gene, medicine, Progenitor cell, Cell biology
Published
2014
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32. Interference of pain control employing opioids in in vivo immunological experiments

Author

M. A. R. C. Daemen, F. E. Piersma, W. A. Buurman, A. E. J. M. vd. Bogaard, Algemene Heelkunde, Beleid Economie en Organisatie v/d Zorg, and RS: NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism

Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Pain, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Pharmacology, Bioinformatics, Fentanyl, Mice, Immune system, Pain control, In vivo, Escherichia coli, Medicine, Animals, Water intake, General Veterinary, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Buprenorphine, Analgesics, Opioid, Disease Models, Animal, Murine model, Animal Science and Zoology, Literature study, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Department of General Surgery, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.Pain control (PC) in laboratory animals is supported by ethical as well as methodological considerations, aimed at preventing an interfering reduction in food and water intake and normalizing stress hormone levels. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory attributes of analgesics, which putatively prevents the routine implementation of PC in immunological research. In an established murine model of endotoxemia we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of common clinical analgesics (the opioids fentanyl and buprenorphine). Additionally, a literature study was conducted to investigate the frequency of PC in laboratory animals used for immunological experimentation. In line with various reports, we observed interactions between the opioid analgesics and the immune system that altered the outcome of performed in vivo immunological experiments. Of 100 evaluated publications, none mentioned the use of PC, indicating its uncommon implementation. In conclusion, more studies on the interactions between the immune system and analgesics are needed to establish better criteria for adequate implementation. Finally, we propose that methodological sections in scientific journals should clearly document whether or not PC was employed. If PC is not used, the reason for not using it should be stated.

Published
1999

33. Abstracts of papers

Author

Uges, D. R. A., Bloemhof, H., Agoston, S., Ensing, K., de Zeeuw, R. A., Ymker, J., Greijdanus, B., Tjaden, U. R., de Bruijn, E. A., Hoeven, R. v. d., Stolk, L. M. L., Chandi-Bakridi, L. S., Filedt Kok, J. C., Schoemaker, T. J., Elferink, F., Paalman, A. C. A., Hoeven, R. T. M. vd, Vijgh, W. J. F. vd, Versluis, A., Necerhoed, A., Been, M. H., Dankert, J., Boom, F. A., Cox, H. L. M., Alblas, R. G., Vos, Th., van Beek, M. R. E., Stout-Zonneveld, A., Siddiqui, A. H., Cormane, R. H., Lohman, J. J. H. M., Hooymans, P. M., Verhey, M. T. J. M., Koten, M. L. P., Merkus, F. W. H. M., Overdiek, J. W. P. M., Vree, P. H., Zwart, P., Eijsink, B. J., Soeterboek, A. M., van Thiel, M. J. S., Westra, P., Vermeer, G. A., Claessens, H. A., van der Hoeven, R. T. M., Vermeij, P., Edelbroek, P. M., Ferrari, M. D., Buruma, O. J. S., Breimer, D. D., de Wolff, F. A., Cilissen, J., Hermens, W. A. J. J., Vree, T. B., Hekster, Y. A., Tijhuis, M. W., Nouws, J. F. M., Termond, E., de Bruijn, E. A., Leeflang, P. A., van Hijfte, M. M. C., van der Kleijn, E., Rosingh, E., Vree, T. B., Wuis, E. W., Zuidgeest, L. J. B., Arens, J., Kwa, H. Y., van der Lei, J., Hasman, A., Schuitemaker, M. G., Buurke, E. J., Doornbos, L., Ploeger, E. J., Neef, C., Lie-A-Huen, L., Rutten, J. J. M. H., Ydenberg, F. N., Delhaas, E. M., Brouwers, J. R. B. J., Boskma, R. J., Lip, H., Toll, P. J. M. M., Ligtenberg, E. A. A. M., Hoskam, P. F. J. M., Friesen, W. T., Mens, W., Wintermans, R., Vinks, A. A. T. M. M., Taks, J. M., Timmer, J. G., Vyth, A., de Jong, J. M. B. V., den Hartog Jager, W. A., Boerema, J. B. J., Benneker, Jose, van der Kleijn, Eppo, Vollaard, E. J., Clasener, H. A. L., Lameijer, W., van der Linden, C. Th. M., Wagenaar, J. P. M., Kraus, J. J. A. M., de Flines, E. W., Wolters, R. J., de Lange, R. G., Bel, J., Noome, C. F., Verweij, S. L., Nap, G., Petrus, J. A., Graatsma, B. H., Meilink, J. W., Brandenburg, H. C. R., de Nijs, S. J. M., and Konings, G. M. W.

Published
1984
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35. Is the Magnetism of Hgse-Fe Clearly Understood

Author

M. Arciszewska, J. A. A. J. Perenboom, Andrzej Mycielski, Krzysztof Dybko, A. Wittlin, P. J. E. M. vd Linden, A. Łusakowski, and Jacek Kossut

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Magnetism, General Physics and Astronomy, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 29312.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
1995

36. Myeloid Antigen Expression in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Its Relevance for Clinical Outcome in Indonesian ALL-2006 Protocol

Author

Ignatius Purwanto, Sutaryo, Eddy Supriyadi, Anjo J. P. Veerman, Jacqueline Cloos, Peter M. vd Ven, Pediatric surgery, Epidemiology and Data Science, Hematology laboratory, and CCA - Innovative therapy

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Myeloid, Article Subject, biology, business.industry, CD117, CD33, Hazard ratio, Population, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, lcsh:RC254-282, Leukemia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Antigen, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Immunology, biology.protein, Medicine, business, education, Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Research Article
Abstract

The frequency of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients expressing myeloid antigens on their ALL cells varies between 5 and 36% in several different studies. The clinical relevance of myeloid antigen expression in childhood ALL is controversial. In Indonesian patients, no data were present. Therefore, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, we analyzed 239 ALL patients who were immunophenotyped including myeloid markers (CD13, CD33, CD117, and/or cMPO). Myeloid antigen expression was found in 25% of patients. Expression of myeloid antigen in B-lineage leukemia was 27%, and in T-lineage leukemia, it was 18% (P=0.15). No association was found between myeloid antigen expression and clinical or biological features. In the whole cohort of patients we did not find a significant association between myeloid antigen expression and survival, although leukemia-free survival at 3 years was higher in the myeloid-negative patients (73% ± 6%) compared to myeloid-positive patients (67% ± 8%). Interestingly, in T-ALL patients, expression of myeloid antigens was an independent adverse prognostic factor (hazard ratio: 3.26, 95% CI: 1.06–9.98,P=0.04). Kaplan-Meier analysis for event-free survival was also significant (log rankP=0.03) in this subgroup. In conclusion, in the Indonesian ALL population, in particular, myeloid antigen-expressing T-ALL patients had a higher chance of having induction failure.

Published
2012
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37. Early Response to Dexamethasone as Prognostic Factor: Result from Indonesian Childhood WK-ALL Protocol in Yogyakarta

Author

Pudjo Hagung Widjajanto, Peter M. vd Ven, Sutaryo Sutaryo, Anjo J. P. Veerman, Ignatius Purwanto, Pediatric surgery, Epidemiology and Data Science, and CCA - Innovative therapy

Subjects
Prognostic factor, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Article Subject, business.industry, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Response to treatment, Gastroenterology, lcsh:RC254-282, Oral dexamethasone, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Prednisone, Internal medicine, White blood cell, Prednisolone, Clinical Study, Medicine, business, Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Dexamethasone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Early response to treatment has been shown to be an important prognostic factor of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in Western studies. We studied this factor in the setting of a low-income province in 165 patients treated on Indonesian WK-ALL-2000 protocol between 1999 and 2006. Poor early response, defined as a peripheral lymphoblasts count of ≥1000/μL after 7 days of oral dexamethasone plus one intrathecal methotrexate (MTX), occurred in 19.4% of the patients. Poor responders showed a higher probability of induction failures compared to good responders (53.1% versus 23.3%,P<0.01), higher probability of resistant disease (15.6% versus 4.5%,P=0.02), shorter disease-free survival (P=0.034; 5-year DFS: 24.9% ± 12.1% versus 48.6% ± 5.7%), and shorter event-free survival (P=0.002; 5-year EFS: 9.7% ± 5.3% versus 26.3% ± 3.8%). We observed that the percentage of poor responders in our setting was higher than reported for Western countries with prednisone or prednisolone as the steroids. The study did not demonstrate a significant additive prognostic value of early response over other known risk factors (age and white blood cell count) for DFS and only a moderately added value for EFS.

Published
2012
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38. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain

Author

H. Hattig, C. Delli Pizzi, M. C. Addonizio, Michelle Davis, A. R. Giovagnoli, L. Florensa, M. Roth, J. de Kruijk, Francisco Lacruz, Ph. Dewailly, A. Toygar, C. Avendano, P.P. De Deyn, J. F. Hurtevent, F. Lomeila, T. W. Wong, Gordon T. Plant, M. Bud, H. J. Willison, DH Miller, D. W. Langdon, R. Cioni, J. Servan, A. Kaygisiz, E. Racadot, D. B. Schens, E. Picciola, L. Falip, C. Bouchard, J. Jotova, A. Jorge-Santamaria, P. Misra, A. Dufour, C. P. Panagopoulos, A. Venneri, B. Sredni, B. Angelard, M. Janelidze, M. Carreno, J. Obenberger, J. Pouget, H. W. Moser, R. Kaufmann, J. A. Molina, D. Linden, A. Martin Urda, E. Uvestad, A. Krone, J. P. Cochin, J. Mallecourt, A. Cambon-Thomsen, K. Violleau, P. Osschmann, A. M. Durocher, E. Bussaglia, D. M. Danielle, H. Efendi, C. Van Broeckhoven, K. G. Jordan, W. Rautenberg, C. Iniguez, J. M. Delgado, Graham Watson, M. Lawden, Gareth J. Barker, K. Stiasny, James T. Becker, G. Campanella, E. Peghi, A. Poli, A. Haddad, T. Yamawaki, Giacomo P. Comi, S. Sotgiu, B. Ersmark, A. Pomes, M. Ziegler, P. Ferrante, P. Ruppi, H. KuÇukoglu, R. Bouton, U. K. Rinne, P. Vieregge, M. Dary, P. Giunti, Peter J. Goadsby, S. Jung, E. Secor, A. Steinberg, N. Vila, M. A. Hernandez, M. Cursi, A. Enqelhardt, A. Engelhardt, J. Veitch, F. Di Silverio, F. Arnaud, B. Neundörfer, R. Brucher, Dominique Caparros-Lefebvre, B. Meyer, Marianne Dieterich, M. H. Snidaro, R. Gomez, R. Cerbo, M. Ragno, J. M. Vance, S. Nemni, A. Caliskan, F. Barros, I. Velcheva, D. Ceballos-Baumann, V. Barak, A. Avila, N. Antonova, F. Resche, S. Pappata, L. Varela, S. R. Silveira Santos, A. Cammarota, L. Naccache, Y. Nara, E. Tournier-Lasserves, R. Mobner, T. Chase, A. Ensenyat, J. Ulrich, G. Giegerich, M. Rother, M. Revilla, N. Nitschke, K. Honczarenko, E. Basart Tarrats, J. Blin, B. Jacob, J. Santamaria, S. Knezevic, J. L. Castillo, M. Antem, J. Colomer, O. Busse, Didier Hannequin, S. Carrier, J. B. Ruidavets, C. Rozman, J. Bogoussslavsky, J. Pascual Calvet, E. Monros, J. M. Polo, M. Zucconl, Javier Muruzabal, R. R. Allen, R. Rivolta, K. Haugaard, A. Nespolo, K. Hoang-Xuang, G. Bussone, T. Avramidis, E. Corsini, Christiana Franke, T. Vinogradova, H. Boot, K. Vestergaard, G. H. Jansen, N. Argentino, M. Raltzig, W. Linssen, Mark B. Pepys, P. Roblot, L. Lauritzen, E. Fainardi, D. Morin, T. X. Arbizu Urdiain, J. Wollenhaupt, S. Bostantjopoulou, G. Pavesi, A. D. Forman, Giovanni Fabbrini, D. Jean, J. J. Archelos, M. I. Blanchs, M. Del Gobbo, Anna Carla Turconi, Ch. Derouesné, Elio Scarpini, A. Visbeck, P. Castejon, J. P. Renou, F. Mounier-Vehier, G. Potagas, Ch. Duyckaerts, A. Filla, R. Schneider, G. Ronen, K. Nagata, J. P. Vedel, A. Henneberg, G. van Melle, C. Baratti, H. Knott, M. C. Prevett, A. Bes, B. Metin, Jos V. Reempts, L. Martorell, Mefkure Eraksoy, H. O. Handwerker, D. S. Younger, O. Oktem, D. Frongillo, C. Soriano-Soriano, L. Niehaus, F. Zipp, A. Tartaro, S Newman, R. H. Browne, P. Davous, R. Sanchez, M. Muros, M. E. Kornhuber, A. Lavarone, M. Mohr, M. R. Garcia, S. Russell, H. Kellar-Wood, M. R. Tola, B. Ostermeyer, Ch. Tzekov, K. Sartor, E. B. Ringelstein, P. P. Gazzaniga, Paul Krack, H. Fidaner, H. Rico, T. Dbaiss, F. Alameda, E. Torchiana, L. Rumbach, I. Charques, J. M. Bogaard, C. D. Frith, L. J. Rappelle, R. Brenner, A. Joutel, K. Fuxe, G. HÄcker, M. J. Blaser, J. Valls-SolÇ, G. Ulm, M. Alberdi, A. Bock, F. W. Bertelsmann, U. Wieshmann, J. Visa, J. R. Lupski, D. D'Amico, L. M. P. Ramos, A. A. Vanderbark, R. Horn, M. Warmuth, Dietmar Kühne, Mark S. Palmer, C. Ehrenheim, E. Canga, S. Viola, O. Scarpino, P. Naldi, R. Almeida, A. A. Raymond, J. Gamez, Stephan Arnold, A. DiGiovanni, J. Dalmau, C. C. Chari, H. F. Beer, J. C. Koetsier, J. Iriarte, E. Yunis, J. Casadevall, E. Le Guern, E. Stenager, S. R. Benbadis, J. M. Warter, F. Burklin, I. Theodorou, L. Johannesen, G. A. Graveland, X. Leclerc, I. Vecchio, L. Ozelius, G. Nicoletti, R. K. Gherardi, E. Esperet, M. L. Delodovici, F. Cattin, F. Paiau, Giorgio Sacilotto, C. A. J. Broere, D. Chavdarov, J. P. Willmer, C. H. Hawkes, Th. Naegele, E. Ellie, E. Dartigues, M. J. Guardiola, S. Hesse, Z. Levic, Marco Rovaris, P. Saugeir-Veber, B. A. Yaqub, H. F. Durwen, R. Larumbe, J. Ballabrina, M. Sendtner, J. Röther, M. Horstink, C. Kluglein, M.P. Montesi, H. Apaydin, J. Montoya, E. Waubant, Ch. Verellen-Dunoulin, A. Nicolai, J. Lopez-Delval, R. Lemon, G. Cantinho, E. Granieri, A. Zeviani, Wolfgang H. Oertel, U. Ficola, V. Di Piero, V. Fragola, K. Sabev, M. V. Guitera, I. Turki, F. Bolgert, P. Ingrand, J. M. Gobernado, L. M. E. Grimaldi, S. Baybas, B. Eymard, Y. Rolland, Y. Robitaille, Ta. Pampols, P. J. Koehler, A. Carroacedo, J. Vilchez, S. Di Vittorio, I. R. Rise, T. Nagy, M. Kuffner, E. Palazzini, A. Ott, J. Pruim, T. X. Arbizu, E. Manetti, C. Cervera, S. Felber, G. Gursoy, J. Scholz, G. A. Buscaino, M. S. Chen, A. Pascual, J. Hazan, J. U. Gajda, J. G. Cea, G. Bottini, G. Damalik, F. Le Doze, G. Bonaldi, J. M. Hew, C. Messina, A. M. Kennedy, J. M. Carney, N. M. F. Murray, M. Parent, M. Koepp, V. Dimova, D. De Leo, K. Jellinger, G. Salemi, S. Mientus, M. L. Hansen, F. Mazzucchelli, J. Vieth, M. Mauri, E. Bartels, L. Johannsen, C. Humphreys, J. Emile, D. N. Landon, E. Kansu, R. Sanchez-Pernaute, Rsj Frackowiak, M. Gonzalez Torres, L. Oller, C. Machedo, J. Kother, M. Billiard, H. Durak, T. Schindler, A. Frank, A. Uncini, A. Sbriccoli, C. Farinas, D. W. Paty, N. Fast, A. T. Zangaladze, A. Kerkhofs, J. M. Pino Garcia, I. De la Fuente, B. Marini, L. Gomez, I. Rubio, Alessandra Bardoni, C. Brodie, P. Acin, U. Sliwka, S. A. Hawkins, S. Tardieu, F. Vitullo, J. M. Pereira Monteino, R. Gagliardi, T. Jezewski, A. Cano, T. Lempert, F. Abad Alegria, G. Rotondo, D. Ince, C. Martinez Parra, Y. Huang, H. Luders, Y. Steinvil, F. G. A. Van Der Meche, R. Bianchi, A. Sanchez, T. Sevilla, J. M. Ketelslegers, A. Domzal-Stryga, M. Pandolfo, M. O. Josse, K. W. Neff, I. Blanco, G. W. Bruyn, O. W. Witte, J. L. Thibault, G. Andersen, J. Pariset, A. Marcone, R. J. M. Lane, A. Hofman, M. Verin, T. Matilla, P. Bedoucha, J. Roche, M. Lai, M. Collard, A. Ugarte, F. Gallecho, D. Silbersweig, C. Kennard, J. P. Azulay, T. W. Ho, P. L. I. Dellemijn, R. Girardello, F. Baas, B. Voss, F. Rozenberg, E. M. Brocker, V. Stanev, A. A. J. Soeterboek, A. Marra, A. Rey, E. Ertem, M. Sawradewicz-Rybak, J. De Keyser, P. Cavallari, F. Proust, Y. Chevalier, H. C. Hansen, D. Leys, C. A. Davie, K. Hoang-Xuan, C. Bairati, H. van Crevel, Thomas T. Warner, B. Bompais, A. Dobbeleir, T Campbell, C. Macko, C. J. M. Klijn, M. Dussallant, T. P. Berlit, W. Rozenbaum, M. J. van den Bent, W. A. Rocca, M. Muller, H. Hundemer, U. Zifko, M. Campera, F. Drislane, D. Ranoux, T. M. Kloss, Anil Kumar, I. Ruolt, C. Bargnani, B. Marescau, N. A. Losseff, S. Notermans, B. Kint, E. T. Burke, C. Aykut, J. Matias Guiu, P. Maquet, T. Drogendijk, M. Leone, K. von Ammon, M. Pepeliarska, C. Prados, L. DiGiamberardino, T. Logtenberg, G. Lenoir, I. Castaldo, Damhaut, M. Radionova, G. Sirabian, R. Navon, Giovanni Antonini, K. Al Moutaery, E. Chamas, R. Schönhuber, M. Giannini, B. Debilly, I. Labatut, H. Henon, J. A. Egido, M. Baudrimont, J. N. Lorenzo, J. E. C. Bromberg, R. Antonacci, J. J. Vilchez, T. Moulin, B. Rautenstrauss, Giovanni Meola, J. Noth, S Mammi, P. Laforet, F. Lopez, C. Gehring, S. Bort, G. Rancurel, D. Decamps, S. Kostadinova, Y. Shapira, B. Neundoerfer, D. Chavrot, M. Solimena, J. P. Salier, W. Deberdt, R. Hoff-Jörgensen, A. Messina, S. Meairs, G. Rosoklija, E. Nelis, I. Bertran, C. Ertekin, J. Lohmeyer, Mitermayer Galvao dos Reis, L. Calo, E. Maccagnano, A. P. Hays, J. Verlooy, M. G. Forno, T. Blanco, L. Bail, Gabriella Silvestri, J. Montero, F. Bertrand, R. T. Ghnassia, C. Besses, T. Sereghy, F. Shalit, G. Bogliun, S. Braghi, St. Baykouchev, C. Franke, A. Lasa, L. C. Archard, J. Kriebel, S. Shaunak, M. Nocito, Alexander Tsiskaridze, E. Manfredini, T. Seigal, David G. Gadian, M. Barlas, J. D. Degos, C. Seeber, J. Caemert, J. L. Mas, R. B. Pepinsky, M. G. D'Angelo, N. Baumann, S. Yorifuji, H. P. Endtz, M. A. Cassatella, R. A. C. Hughes, V. Golzi, A. Bittencourt, A. Ferreira, M. Sanson, C. Alper, M. Vermeulen, M. A. A. van Walderveen, E. Alexiou, C. H. Lucas, M. Fiorelli, Y. N. Debbink, R. Gil, S. Congia, T. Banerjee, J. M. Bouchard, A. N. Pinto, A. Ceballos-Baumann, G. Grollier, P. I. M. Schmitz, M. D. Catata, N. Lahat, N. S. Rao, P. Papathanasopoulos, J. Valls-Solé, D. Claus, G. Schroter, A. Castro, C. Videbaek, R. Martinez Dreke, A. D. Platts, M. Hermesl, A. C. PeÇanha-Martins, M. Cardoso Silva, P. Masnou, M. J. A. Tanner, Ch. Confavreux, B. Mishu, H. Rasmussen, L. Valenciano, Carlo Pozzilli, S. W. Li, V. Salzman, Y. Vashtang, Massimo Franceschi, M. Severo, G. Deuschl, S. Setien, G. Mariani, A. Protti, J. Castillo, M. J. B. Taphoorn, M. Frontali, I. Milonas, D. Decoq, J. A. Navarro, S. Castellvi-Pel, C. Ertikin, M. Urtasun, Y. Lajat, B. E. Kendall, E. Verdu, B. Gueguen, E. Boisen, R. Couderc, A Danek, JM Stevens, F. Nicoli, L. Feltri, M. L. Vazquez-Andre, J. A. Morgan-Hughes, L. D'Angelo, F. Y. Liew, L. F. Pascual, J. Patrignani Ochoa, Vittorio Martinelli, J. Cophignon, L. Zhang, S. Martin, J. F. Meder, H. C. Buschmann, L. Bertin, J. van Gijn, A. Barreiro, A. Cools, C. Leon, A. Berod, E. A. Anllo, E. Zanette, L. Petrov, R. Barona, B. Gallicchio, P. J. Cozzone, N. Diederich, G. Cancel, L. Schelosky, P. Orizaola, K. Yulug, S. Ozer, Valeria A. Sansone, B. Guiraud-Chaumeil, K. Voigt, P. Labauge, M. Eoli, J. Zhu, J. Aguirre, M. Ferrarini, B. Zyluk, E. Planas, A. Cadilha, C. Tortorella, H. Bismuth, C. E. Counsell, A. Laun, A. Ferlini, Rio J. Montalban, N. Biary, L. Becker, M. Fardeau, M. Poloni, V. M. S. de Bruin, C. Fornada, J. Barros, E. Ganzmann, E. Touze, D. Wallach, J. Peila, H. Fujimura, M. T. Iba-Zizen, G. Macchi, C. Villoslada, R. Gouider, Ph. Rondepierre, P. Grummich, P. Chiodi, C. Conte, M. Michels, P. Annunziata, G. Semana, C. Sommer, J. Vajsar, D. Zekin, J. Kulisevsky, David G. Munoz, B. Jacotot, M. Magoni, A. Luxen, T. Garcia-Silva, S. Di Cesare, Christophe Tzourio, M. Gomori, I. Picomell, L. Santoro, F. Villa, Giovanni Pennisi, T. Ribalta, J. M. Molto, L. Marzorati, P. Loiseau, F. Gemignani, A. Gironell, J. Wissel, A. Prusinski, F. Cailloux, P. Villanueva-Hemandez, P. Cozzone, T. Del Ser, J. Sans-Sabrafen, M. Zappia, P. W. A. Willems, G. Tchernia, D. Gardeur, R. Bauer, F. Palomo, H. Metz, S. Lamoureux, C. Chastang, I. Reinhard, A. Goldfarb, S. Harder, Jordi Río, C. Ozkara, E. Tekinsoy, P. Vontobell, J. De Recondo, M. Rabasa, L. Lacomblez, F. Boon, Dgt Thomas, V. Palma, Renato Mantegazza, A. Dervis, M. Nueckel, B. YalÇinerner, I. Duran, G. Dalla Volta, A. Zubimendi, J. Pinheiro, A. Marbini, Xavier Montalban, H. Wekerle, X. Pereira Monteino, F. Crespo, F. Koskas, N. Battistini, C. Ruiz, H. Offner, J. de Pommery, P. Kanovsky, J. Y. Barnett, J. Pardo, G. Tomei, R. Rene, H. M. Lokhorst, P. Thajeb, H. Bilgin, D. McGehee, R. Fahsold, L. Morgante, Katie Sidle, C. Delwaide, M. N. 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Riva, M. H. Mahagne, M. Ozturk, Ve. Drory, N. Konic, C. Jungreis, A. Pou Serradell, J. L. Gauvrit, G. J. Chelune, S. Hermandez, T. Dingus, L. Hewer, Ch. Koch, M. N. Metz-Lutz, G. Parlato, M. Sinaki, Charles Pierrot-Deseilligny, H. C. Diener, J. Broeckx, J. Weill-Fulazza, M. L. Villar, M. Rizzo, O. Ganslandt, C. Duran, N. A. Fletcher, G. Di Giovacchino, Susan T. Iannaccone, C. Kolig, N. Fabre, H. A. Crockard, Rita Bella, M. Tazir, E. Papagiannuli, K. Overgaard, Emma Ciafaloni, I. Lorenzetti, F. Viader, P. A. H. Millac, I. Montiel, L. H. Visser, M. Palomar, P. L. Murgia, H. Pedersen, Rafael Blesa, S. Seddigh, W. O. Renier, I. Lemahieu, H. M. L. Jansen, L. Rosin, J. Galofre, K. Mattos, M. Pondal, G. M. Hadjigeorgiou, D. Francis, L. Cantin, D. Stegeman, M. Rango, A. B. M. F. Karim, S. Schraff, B. Castellotti, I. Iriarte, E. Laborde, T. J. Tjan, R. Mutani, D. Toni, B. Bergaasco, J. G. Young, C. Klotzsch, A. Zincone, X. Ducrocq, M. Uchuya, O. J. Kolar, A. Quattrone, T. Bauermann, Nereo Bresolin, J. Vallée, B. C. Jacobs, A. Campos, Werner Poewe, J. A. Villanueva, A. W. Kornhuber, A. Malafosse, E. Diez-Tejedor, G. Jungreia, M. J. A. Puchner, A. Komiyama, O. Saribas, V. Volpini, L. Geremia, S. Bressi, A. Nibbio, Timothy E. Bates, T. z. Tzonev, E. Ideman, G. A. Damlacik, G. Martino, G. Crepaldi, T. Martino, Kjell Någren, E. Idiman, D. Samuel, J. M. Perez Trullen, Y. van der Graaf, J. O. Thorell, M. J. M. Dupuis, E. Sieber, R. D'Alessandro, C. Cazzaniga, J. Faiss, A. Tanguy, A. Schick, I. Hoksergen, A. Cardozo, R. Shakarishvili, G. K. Wennlng, J. L. Marti-Vilalta, J. Weissenbach, I. L. Simone, Amalia C. Bruni, Darius J. Adams, C. Weiller, A. Pietrangeli, F. Croria, C. Vigo-Pelfrey, Patricia Limousin, A. Ducros, G. Conti, O. Lindvall, E. Richter, M. Zuffi, A. Nappo, T. Riise, J. Wijdenes, M. J. Fernandez, J. Rosell, P. Vermersh, S. Servidei, M. S. C. Verdugo, F. Gouttiere, W. Solbach, M. Malbezin, I. S. Watanabe, A. Tumac, W. I. McDonald, D. A. Butterfield, P. P. Costa, F. deRino, F. Bamonti, J. M. Cesar, C. H. Lahoz, I. Mosely, M. Starck, M. H. Lemaitre, K. M. Stephan, S. Tex, R. Bokonjic, I. Mollee, L. Pastena, M. Gutierrez, F. Boiler, M. C. Martinez-Para, M. Velicogna, O. Obuz, A. Grinspan, M. Guarino, L. M. Cartier, E. Ruiz, D. Gambi, S. Messina, M. Villa, Michael G. Hanna, J. Valk, Leone Pascual, M. Clanet, Z. Argov, B. Ryniewicz, E. Magni, B. Berlanga, K. S. Wong, C. Gellera, C. Prevost, F. Gonzalez-Huix, R. Petraroli, J. E. G. Benedikz, I. Kojder, C. Bommelaer, L. Perusse, M. R. Bangioanni, Guy M. McKhann, A. Molina, C. Fresquet, E. Sindern, Florence Pasquier, M. J. Rosas, M. Altieri, O. Simoncini, M. Koutroumanidis, C. A. F. Tulleken, M. Dary-Auriol, S. Oueslati, H. Kruyer, I. Nishisho, C. R. Horning, A. Vital, G. V. Czettritz, J. Ph. Neau, B. Mihout, A. Ameri, M. Francis, S. Quasthoff, D. Taussig, S. Blunt, P. Valentin, C. Y. Gao, O. Heinzlef, H. d'Allens, C. Coudero, M. Erfas, G. Borghero, P. J. Modrego Pardo, M. C. Patrosso, N. L. Gershfeld, P. A. J. M. Boon, O. Sabouraud, M. Lara, J. Svennevig, G. L. Lenzi, A. Barrio, H. Villaroya, JosÇ M. Manubens, O. Boespflug-Tanguy, M. Carreras, D. A. Costiga, J. P. Breux, S. Lynn, C. Oliveras Ley, A. G. Herbaut, J. Nos, C. Tornali, Y. A. Hekster, J. L. Chopard, J. M. Manubens, P. Chemouilli, A. Jovicic, F. Dworzak, S. Smirne, S. E. Soudain, B. Gallano, D. Lubach, G. Masullo, G. Izquierdo, A. Pascual Leone Pascual, A. Sessa, V. Freitas, O. Crambes, L. Ouss, G. W. Van Dijk, P. Marchettini, P. Confalonieri, M. Donaghy, A. Munnich, M. Corbo, and M. E. L. van der Burg

Subjects
Neurology, business.industry, Media studies, Library science, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), business
Published
1994
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39. Feasibility of enhanced recovery programme in various patient groups

Author

P. H. P. Davids, Anthony W. H. vd Ven, Paul M. Verheijen, Apollo Pronk, and Bryan J. M. vd Wall

Subjects
Male, Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Rectum, Patient Readmission, Enhanced recovery, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, Elective surgery, Prospective cohort study, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Anastomosis, Surgical, Gastroenterology, Recovery of Function, Hepatology, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Colorectal surgery, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Feasibility Studies, Female, Fast track, business
Abstract

An accelerated multi-modal rehabilitation programme may improve the recuperation and reduce the complication rate in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. The aim of this study was to see whether fast-track recovery is feasible in various patient groups. Data on all patients operated for intestinal pathology from July 2006–April 2008 were prospectively collected for this prospective study. All included patients entered a multi-modal rehabilitation programme. Peri- and postoperative complications and readmissions, pathology reports and operation characteristics were recorded prospectively. Three hundred and forty-eight patients underwent colorectal surgery. No difference in readmission rate was found between various patient groups. The only significant differences after multivariate regression analysis were in re-operation rate and length of stay in favour of the elective surgery group. Fast-track modalities can be introduced with a low complication rate in all patient groups. Length of stay in elderly patients averages 10 days, implying that this group cannot be considered as “fast track”, although the same protocol can also be applied in this group. Better organization of the aftercare might however considerably change the length of stay of elderly patients, since postoperative complications do not differ between old and young patients.

Published
2011

40. Predictable Parallel Real-time Code Generation

Author

M. vd Westhuizen, B.S. Meyer, D.C. Levy, D.R. Woodward, Ronald G. Harley, and M.R. Webster

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Concurrency, Distributed computing, Software development, Multiprocessing, computer.software_genre, Software framework, Software, Embedded system, Software construction, Code generation, business, Critical path method, computer
Abstract

The design and implementation of controller software with predictable execution times and real-time response is normally an onerous and error-prone task relying on low-level coding and customisation for a particular processor. An extra dimension of difficulty is added if concurrency and parallelism are considered. Parallelism can be used to increase the controller throughput and to allow optimum real-time responses. The work presented in this paper focuses on a design and implementation system that attempts to address these problems by providing an environment that will automate the generation of parallel real-time control code. The paper describes the development system, gives an overview of the controller hardware platform and shows results from the prototype software system.

Published
1993
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41. Lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA(R)) versus infiltration anaesthesia: a comparison of the analgesic efficacy for punch biopsy and electrocoagulation of genital warts in men

Author

G M vd Berg, S Lillieborg, and E Stolz

Subjects
Adult, Male, Sexually transmitted disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Lidocaine/prilocaine, Adolescent, Lidocaine, Visual analogue scale, Biopsy, Analgesic, Dermatology, Prilocaine, Genital warts, Electrocoagulation, Humans, Medicine, Anesthetics, Local, Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination, Aged, Pain Measurement, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Drug Combinations, Infectious Diseases, Anesthesia, Premedication, Genital Diseases, Male, Warts, business, Research Article, Anesthesia, Local, medicine.drug
Abstract

OBJECTIVES--To compare analgesic efficacy and pain caused by administration of lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA(R)) versus xylocaine 1% local infiltration for punch biopsy and electrocoagulation of genital warts in men. DESIGN--Open randomised comparative parallel-group study. SETTING--Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Rotterdam/Dijkzigt, the Netherlands. PATIENTS--63 males with warts on the genital mucosa and/or perianal area. METHODS--EMLA(R) cream (2.5-5 g) was applied during 13-45 minutes before surgery. Xylocaine 1% (0.1-4 ml) was infiltrated 0.5-4 minutes before surgery. Pain during administration and surgery was assessed by the patient on a verbal rating scale and on a visual analogue scale. RESULTS--EMLA(R) application was painless in all patients (n = 31) whereas xylocaine infiltration was slightly painful in 17/29 patients and moderately painful in 10/29 patients. EMLA(R) analgesia was satisfactory for 94% of biopsies and 62% of electrocoagulations. Xylocaine infiltration was satisfactory in all procedures. CONCLUSIONS--EMLA(R) application on the male genital mucosa is painless but it has a lower analgesic efficacy than xylocaine infiltration. However EMLA is a useful anaesthetic for taking biopsies in this area and may be used as premedication for local infiltration.

Published
1992
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42. 30-day-mortality of surgically revascularized patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock

Author

S Fraund-Cremer, J Schöttler, F Schöneich, Nils Haake, M vd Brelie, J. Cremer, and R Quaden

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cardiogenic shock, Electrocardiography in myocardial infarction, medicine.disease, 30 day mortality, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Surgery, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published
2008
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44. A recirculatory model for tissue plasminogen activator with saturable endothelial binding

Author

Adam F. Cohen, Michiel J. B. Kemme, M Vd Linden, Rik C. Schoemaker, Cornelis Kluft, and J. Burggraaf

Subjects
Pharmacology, Endothelium, Chemistry, Coefficient of variation, Endogeny, Tissue plasminogen activator, Molecular biology, Proceedings of the Dutch Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy 19 April 2002, In vitro, law.invention, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, In vivo, law, Recombinant DNA, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Binding site, medicine.drug
Abstract

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) binds to the endothelium in vitro [1]. This binding may be crucial in the prevention of thrombus formation. The aim of the present study was to develop a mathematical model to quantify the binding of t-PA to the endothelium in vivo. Nine healthy male volunteers received a continuous low dose infusion with recombinant t-PA (3.75 μg min−1) and, as control, an infusion with indocycanine green (ICG; 0.5 mg min−1), both for 40 min. A circulatory model was developed using non-linear mixed effect modelling. Delays were observed in the ICG concentration profile that were not captured by a one- or two-compartment model. The ICG concentration profile was best described by a three-compartment recirculatory model with a total distribution volume of 3.0 l (s.e. mean 0.3, inter-individual coefficient of variation (CV) 17%) and plasma flow trough the ring of 0.77 l min−1 (s.e. mean 0.20, CV 0%; fixed). t-PA antigen, activity and t-PA/PAI-1 complex profile showed a marked delay in increase at the beginning of the infusion, that was not captured by the circulatory model. Incorporating a reversible and concentration-dependent binding component in the model resulted in an accurate description of the t-PA concentration profile. In the resulting model (Figure 1), binding of t-PA was characterized by an affinity constant of 0.29 ml ng−1 (s.e. mean 0.14, CV 114%) and a concentration of binding sites of 99 ng ml−1 (s.e. mean 12, CV 0%). Figure 1 Recirculatory model for t-PA with saturable endothelial binding. Clearance was estimated at 0.41 l min−1 (s.e. mean 0.02, CV 18%), and endogenous production at 2.06 μg min−1 (s.e. mean 0.07, CV 6%). The in vivo characteristics of the t-PA binding site (Kd ∼ 51 pm) correspond with a high affinity t-PA endothelial binding site described in vitro (Kd 28 pM). The current model provides a means of quantification of t-PA binding and may provide a tool to study the t-PA binding in vivo. Assessing the capacity of the endothelium to bind t-PA and possibly other endogenous substances may serve as a novel tool to assess endothelial function.

Published
2002

45. Effects of current on wind waves in strong winds

Author

N. Takagaki, N. Suzuki, Y. Troitskaya, C. Tanaka, A. Kandaurov, and M. Vdovin

Subjects
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

It is important to investigate the effects of current on wind waves, called the Doppler shift, at both normal and extremely high wind speeds. Three different types of wind-wave tanks along with a fan and pump are used to demonstrate wind waves and currents in laboratories at Kyoto University, Japan, Kindai University, Japan, and the Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. Profiles of the wind and current velocities and the water-level fluctuation are measured. The wave frequency, wavelength, and phase velocity of the significant waves are calculated, and the water velocities at the water surface and in the bulk of the water are also estimated by the current distribution. The study investigated 27 cases with measurements of winds, waves, and currents at wind speeds ranging from 7 to 67 m s−1. At normal wind speeds under 30 m s−1, wave frequency, wavelength, and phase velocity depend on wind speed and fetch. The effect of the Doppler shift is confirmed at normal wind speeds; i.e., the significant waves are accelerated by the surface current. The phase velocity can be represented as the sum of the surface current and artificial phase velocity, which is estimated by the dispersion relation of the deepwater waves. At extremely high wind speeds over 30 m s−1, a similar Doppler shift is observed as under the conditions of normal wind speeds. This suggests that the Doppler shift is an adequate model for representing the acceleration of wind waves by current, not only for wind waves at normal wind speeds but also for those with intensive breaking at extremely high wind speeds. A weakly nonlinear model of surface waves at a shear flow is developed. It is shown that it describes dispersion properties well not only for small-amplitude waves but also strongly nonlinear and even breaking waves, which are typical for extreme wind conditions (over 30 m s−1).

Published
2020
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46. An improved metabolic calibrator for stress test equipment: protocol for its clinical utilization

Author

R, Serra, J M, vd Burg, L, De Meij, and H, van Middendorp

Subjects
Male, Equipment Safety, Calibration, Exercise Test, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Female, Equipment Design, Sensitivity and Specificity, Respiratory Function Tests
Abstract

In previous articles, the technical specifications, validation and clinical applicability of a new metabolic calibrator for stress test apparatuses were described. However no indication was given of a basic protocol for the current clinical practice. Here we present an organised check system to satisfy this aim. A method for the exhaustive evaluation of the technical reliability of the metabolic instruments is presented together with the proposal of a uniform simulation approach to organise checks on-line of the apparatuses' ability to follow correctly the various test phases (protocol). Examples of recordings of checks using the standardised approach are shown. The method seems to be very effective. Every operation is computer directed.

Published
2002

47. THU0259 10 Years of Treat-To-Target Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients (The Best Study): Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes

Author

L. Dirven, I. Markusse, H. Han, M. vd Broek, W.F. Lems, Pit J S M Kerstens, Cornelia F Allaart, G. Akdemir, T.W.J. Huizinga, and Yvonne P M Goekoop-Ruiterman

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Maintenance dose, business.industry, Radiography, Immunology, Treat to target, Early rheumatoid arthritis, medicine.disease, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Infliximab, Rheumatology, Prednisone, Rheumatoid arthritis, Internal medicine, medicine, Physical therapy, Immunology and Allergy, Functional ability, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Long term studies with treat-to-target therapy are essential to guide treatment strategies. Objectives To compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of 4 treatment strategies in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after 10 years. Methods The BeSt study enrolled 508 patients with early RA. Patients were randomized to: 1 sequential monotherapy, 2 step-up therapy, 3 initial combination with prednisone, 4 initial combination with infliximab. Treatment adjustments were based on 3-monthly disease activity score (DAS) measurements (DAS>2.4: next step; DAS≤2.4 for ≥6 months: taper to maintenance dose, next if DAS 5) and analyzed over time with a generalized LMM. Results 10 year follow-up was completed by 313 patients (62%). Drop-out rates were lowest in arm 4. Mean age of completers was 61 years and 67% were female. Mean (SD) DAS was 1.6 (0.8) and mean (SD) HAQ was 0.6 (0.6). 82% had a DAS≤2.4, 53% had a DAS Conclusions 10 year follow-up in the BeSt study shows the benefit of continued treat-to-target therapy, steering at low disease activity. After initial improvement functional ability remained stable. Of the completers, 53% and 15% were in DAS- and drug-free remission, respectively. Development of radiographic progression was comparable between groups, although more severe in initial monotherapy arms. Disclosure of Interest : I. Markusse: None declared, L. Dirven: None declared, M. vd Broek: None declared, G. Akdemir: None declared, Y. Goekoop-Ruiterman: None declared, H. Han: None declared, P. Kerstens: None declared, W. Lems: None declared, T. Huizinga: None declared, C. Allaart Grant/research support: The study was designed by the investigators and supported by a government grant from the Dutch Insurance Companies, with additional funding from Schering-Plough B.V. and Janssen B.V. Data collection, trial management, data analysis and preparation of the manuscript were performed by the authors. DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2015

Published
2014
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48. Effective cross-over to granisetron after failure to ondansetron, a randomized double blind study in patients failing ondansetron plus dexamethasone during the first 24 hours following highly emetogenic chemotherapy

Author

A C de Boer, R de Wit, G. Stoter, A Sparreboom, J Verweij, G H M vd Linden, and Medical Oncology

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Vomiting, medicine.medical_treatment, Antineoplastic Agents, Granisetron, Dexamethasone, Ondansetron, Double-Blind Method, medicine, Antiemetic, Humans, Letter to the Editor, Aged, Chemotherapy, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Regular Article, Middle Aged, Crossover study, Surgery, Oncology, Anesthesia, Chemoprophylaxis, Corticosteroid, Antiemetics, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

In view of the similarity in chemical structure of the available 5HT3-receptor antagonists it is assumed, whilst these agents all act at the same receptor, that failure to one agent would predict subsequent failure to all 5HT3-receptor antagonists. We conducted a randomized double blind trial of granisetron 3 mg plus dexamethasone 10 mg versus continued treatment with ondansetron 8 mg plus dexamethasone 10 mg in patients with protection failure on ondansetron 8 mg plus dexamethasone 10 mg during the first 24 hours following highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Of 40 eligible patients, 21 received ondansetron + dexamethasone and 19 received granisetron + dexamethasone. We found a significant benefit from crossing-over to granisetron after failure on ondansetron. Of the 19 patients who crossed over to granisetron, 9 patients obtained complete protection, whereas this was observed in 1 of the 21 patients continuing ondansetron, P = 0.005. These results indicate that there is no complete cross-resistance between 5HT3-receptor antagonists, and that patients who have acute protection failure on one 5HT3-receptor antagonist should be offered cross-over to another 5HT3-receptor antagonist. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.com

Published
2001

49. Representative assessment of long bone shaft biomechanical properties: an optimized testing method

Author

J A, Bramer, R H, Barentsen, M, vd Elst, E S, de Lange, P, Patka, and H J, Haarman

Subjects
Sheep, Materials Testing, Linear Models, Animals, Reproducibility of Results, Femur, Stress, Mechanical, Bone Nails, Stainless Steel, Elasticity, Biomechanical Phenomena, Forecasting, Osteotomy
Abstract

Whole bone bending tests are commonly used in mechanical evaluation of long bones. Reliable information about the midshaft can only be obtained if the bending moment is uniformly distributed along the shaft, and if the distribution of the bending stress is not adversely influenced by rigid clamping of the bone ends. A testing device was developed to determine bending stiffness of long bones in 24 directions, perpendicular to the bone axis. For optimal distribution of bending moment and stress, four-point bending was performed, and bone ends were simply supported, not rigidly clamped. The method was validated by repeated testing of a stainless steel rod, and a sheep femur. Left-right ratios were assessed twice in 2 groups of 5 sheep: one control group, and one group in which the left femur was stabilized with a stainless steel interlocking nail for 2.5 yr, after a midshaft osteotomy. Test results obtained with the steel rod reproducibly were close to predicted values. Measurements with the sheep femurs were reproducible and precise for 3 of the 4 parameters of the bending test. Stiffness parameters were significantly higher in the operated sheep than in the control group. We conclude that the method described here provides accurate and reproducible information, which is representative for the long bone shaft.

Published
1998

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