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1. Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 1: Distribution and impact on densely inhabited territory estimated from field data analysis

Author

M. A. Di Vito, I. Rucco, S. de Vita, D. M. Doronzo, M. Bisson, M. de' Michieli Vitturi, M. Rosi, L. Sandri, G. Zanchetta, E. Zanella, and A. Costa

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5, Stratigraphy, QE640-699
Abstract

Lahars represent some of the most dangerous phenomena in volcanic areas for their destructive power, causing dramatic changes in the landscape with no premonitory signs and impacting the population and infrastructure. In this regard, the Campanian Plain turns out to be very prone to the development of these phenomena, since the slopes of the Somma–Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei volcanoes, along with the Apennine reliefs, are mantled by pyroclastic deposits that can be easily remobilized, especially after intense and/or prolonged rainfall. This study focuses on the analysis of pyroclastic fall and flow deposits and of the syn- and post-eruptive lahar deposits related to two sub-Plinian eruptions of Vesuvius in 472 CE (Pollena) and 1631. To begin with, historical and field data from the existing literature and from hundreds of outcrops were collected and organized into a database, which was integrated with several new pieces of data. In particular, stratigraphic, sedimentological (facies analysis and laboratory), and archeological analyses were carried out, in addition to rock magnetic investigations and impact parameter calculations. The new data are also referenced to the finding of ash beds in more distal areas, which were included in new isopach maps for the two sub-Plinian eruptions. The results show that for both eruptions the distribution of the primary deposits is wider than previously known. A consequence of these results is that a wider areal impact should be expected in terms of civil protection, as the sub-Plinian scenario is the reference one for a future large eruption of Vesuvius. Such a distribution of the pyroclastic deposits directly affects the one of the lahar deposits, also because a significant remobilization took place during and after the studied eruptions, which involved distal phreatomagmatic ash. From these integrated analyses, it was possible to constrain the timing of the deposition and the kind of deposits remobilized (pyroclastic fall vs. flow), and it was possible to calculate the velocities and dynamic pressures of the lahars and ultimately infer the lahar transport and emplacement mechanisms. The multidisciplinary approach adopted in this work shows how it is crucial to assess the impact of lahars in densely populated areas even at distances of several to tens of kilometers from active volcanoes. This especially applies to large parts of the densely populated areas around Somma–Vesuvius up to the nearby Apennine valleys.

Published
2024
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2. Assessing the effectiveness and the economic impact of evacuation: the case of the island of Vulcano, Italy

Author

C. Bonadonna, A. Asgary, F. Romerio, T. Zulemyan, C. Frischknecht, C. Cristiani, M. Rosi, C. E. Gregg, S. Biass, M. Pistolesi, S. Menoni, and A. Ricciardi

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Evacuation planning and management represent a key aspect of volcanic crises because they can increase people's protection as well as minimize potential impacts on the economy, properties and infrastructure of the affected area. We present an agent-based simulation tool that assesses the effectiveness of different evacuation scenarios using the small island of Vulcano (southern Italy) as a case study. Simulation results show that the overall time needed to evacuate people should be analysed together with the percentage of people evacuated as a function of time and that a simultaneous evacuation on Vulcano is more efficient than a staged evacuation. For example, during the touristic (high) season between July and August, even though the overall duration is similar for both evacuation strategies, after ∼ 6 h about 96 % of people would be evacuated with a simultaneous evacuation, while only 86 % would be evacuated with a staged evacuation. We also present a model to assess the economic impact of evacuation as a function of evacuation duration and of the starting period with respect to the touristic season. It reveals that if an evacuation lasting 3 to 6 months was initiated at the beginning or at the end of the touristic season (i.e. June or November), it would cause a very different economic impact on the tourism industry (about 78 %–88 % and 2 %–7 % of the total annual turnover, respectively). Our results show how the assessment of evacuation scenarios that consider human and economic impact carried out in a pre-disaster context helps authorities develop evacuation plans and make informed decisions outside the highly stressful time period that characterizes crises.

Published
2022
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3. Ground deformation reveals the scale-invariant conduit dynamics driving explosive basaltic eruptions

Author

M. Ripepe, G. Lacanna, M. Pistolesi, M. C. Silengo, A. Aiuppa, M. Laiolo, F. Massimetti, L. Innocenti, M. Della Schiava, M. Bitetto, F. P. La Monica, T. Nishimura, M. Rosi, D. Mangione, A. Ricciardi, R. Genco, D. Coppola, E. Marchetti, and D. Delle Donne

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Here, the authors use 20 years of ground deformation data from Stromboli and correlate this data with eruptive records. They find that duration and amplitude of the inflation trend scales with eruption magnitude, indicating that explosive dynamics obeys the same (scale-invariant) conduit process.

Published
2021
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4. Sedimentologic and volcanologic investigation of the deep tyrrhenian sea: preliminary result of cruise VST02

Author

A. Bertagnini, M. Rosi, D. Penitenti, A. Magagnoli, V. Landuzzi, M. Marani, F. Gamberi, and A. Di Roberto

Subjects
submarine volcanism, submarine volcanic explosions, deep-sea fan, acoustic transparent layers, carbonate crusts, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

The VST02 cruise carried out in the summer of 2002 was focused at sedimentologic and volcanologic researches over selected areas of the deep portion of the Tyrrhenian sea. Chirp lines and seafloor samples were collected from the Calabrian slope surrounding Stromboli island, in the Marsili deep sea fan, in the Vavilov basin and in the Vavilov seamount. Submarine volcanic activity, both explosive and effusive, is occuring in the Stromboli edifice. Explosive submarine volcanism affects also the shallowest areas of the Vavilov seamount. Submarine carbonate lithification has been observed on the sediment-starved flanks of the Vavilov seamount. Acoustic transparent layers make up the recentmost infill of the Gortani basin, the easternmost portion of the Vavilov basin. Channels comprised of a variety of architectural elements and depositional lobes are the main elements of the Marsili deep-sea fan where, apparently, sedimentation occurs mainly through debris flow processes.

Published
2006
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5. About this title - Volcanic Processes in the Sedimentary Record: When Volcanoes Meet the Environment

Author

A. Di Capua, R. De Rosa, G. Kereszturi, E. Le Pera, M. Rosi, and S. F. L. Watt

Subjects
Geology, Ocean Engineering, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

This book brings together research, review and methodological papers that provide an updated view on the sedimentary record of volcanism, spanning diverse processes and environments. It aims to bridge the gap between volcanological and sedimentological approaches to the investigation of processes governing the generation, dispersion and accumulation of volcaniclastic deposits.

Published
2023

6. Decompression and degassing, repressurization, and regassing during cyclic eruptions at Guagua Pichincha volcano, Ecuador, 1999–2001

Author

H. M. N. Wright, R. Cioni, K. V. Cashman, P. Mothes, and M. Rosi

Subjects
Geochemistry and Petrology
Abstract

In 1999–2001, Guagua Pichincha volcano, Ecuador, produced a series of cyclic explosive and effusive eruptions. Rock samples, including dense blocks and pumiceous clasts collected during the eruption sequence, and ballistic bombs later collected from the crater floor, provide information about magma storage, ascent, decompression, degassing, repressurization, and regassing prior to eruption. Pairs of Fe-Ti oxides indicate equilibrium within 1.2–1.5 log units above the NNO oxidation buffer and equilibrium temperatures from 805 to 905 °C. Melt inclusions record H2O contents of 2.7–4.6 wt% and CO2 contents (uncorrected for CO2 segregation into bubbles) from 19 to 310 ppm. Minimum melt inclusion saturation pressures fall between 69 and 168 MPa, or equilibration depths of 2.8 and 6.8 km, the lower end of which is coincident with the maximum inferred equilibration depths for the most vesicular breadcrust bombs sampled. Amphibole phenocrysts lack breakdown rims (except for one sample) and plagioclase phenocrysts have abundant oscillatory compositional zones. Plagioclase areal microlite number densities (Na) range over less than one order of magnitude (8.9×103–8.7×104 mm-2) among all samples, with the exception of a dense, low crystallinity sample (Na = 3.0×103 mm−2) and a pumiceous sample erupted on 17 December 1999 (Na = 1.7×103 mm−2). Plagioclase microlite shapes include tabular, hopper, and swallowtail forms. Taken together, the relatively high plagioclase microlite number densities, the high number of oscillatory zones in plagioclase phenocrysts, the presence of CO2 in groundmass glass, seismicity, and time-varying tilt cycles provide a picture of sudden evacuation of magma residing at different levels in the shallow conduit. Explosive eruptions punctuate inter-eruptive repose periods marked by time-varying rates of degassing (volatile fluxing) and re-pressurization. Shallow residence time in the conduit was sufficient to allow precipitation of silica-phase in the groundmass, but insufficient to allow breakdown of hornblende phenocrysts, with the one exception of the final dome sample from 2000, which has the longest preceding repose time. These results support a model of cyclic pressure cycling, volatile exsolution and regassing, and magma decompression decoupled from ascent.

Published
2023

8. You can't spell distress without stress: Expanding our perspective of the intersection between mental and physical health in cancer survivors

Author

Megan E. Renna and M. Rosie Shrout

Subjects
Distress, Stress, Breast cancer, Inflammation, Physical health, Survivorship, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Although many breast cancer survivors adjust to cancer treatment and survivorship, a sizable subgroup of women do not do so, resulting in psychological distress. Over time, this psychological distress can contribute to immune dysfunction and accompanying worsened physical symptoms as women navigate survivorship. Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's work and mentorship has been integral to our understanding of breast cancer survivors' immune risks, and how behavioral factors may enhance these risks. As a postdoctoral fellow in the Stress and Health Lab, under Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's mentorship, my research focused on understanding how distress is associated with immune functioning and physical health in breast cancer survivors. In this paper, we highlight Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's influence on our careers as a strong female research and mentor, the work completed under her mentorship, and how the field of psychoneuroimmunology can continue to expand her research to better understand how distress in the cancer context confers long-term health risks.

Published
2024
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11. A Combined Crossed Molecular Beam and Theoretical Investigation of the CN(X2Σ+) + HCCCN and CN(X2Σ+) + H2CCHCN Reactions and Astrophysical Implications

Author

P. Liang, D. Marchione, L. Mancini, G. Vanuzzo, E. V. F. de Aragão, N. Faginas Lago, M. Rosi, D. Skouteris, N. Balucani, and P. Casavecchia

Abstract

CN is one of the most abundant and widespread radicals in the interstellar medium The fast reactions between CN and unsaturated hydrocarbons generate various nitrilesincluding HC3N and H2CCHCN, which are alleged to be prebiotic molecules HC3N is ubiquitous in interstellar environments Similarly, H2CCHCN has also been detected in numerous objects, such as the dark cloud TMC 1 massive star forming regions Sgr B 2 and Orion KL, the circumstellar envelope of the C rich star IRC 10216 and Titan's atmosphere. Because of the wide distribution of these species, it is interesting to explore if the reactivity of CN with HC3N and H2CCHCN can produce more complex nitriles Kinetics studies confirmed that the rate constant for the CN (X2∑+)+ HC3N reaction increases rapidly as the temperature decreases from 300 K to 22 Kwhile few studies have focused on the CN(X2∑+) +H2CCHCN reaction Furthermore, there are no experimental data on the reaction products and their branching ratios Given these open questions, it is essential to gain further insights into these elementary reactions, both experimentally and theoretically.

Published
2021
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12. EVALUASI PROGRAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH DI SMA NEGERI PANDEGLANG

Author

Kurniawati Kurniawati, M. Rosi Siumaparri Djadjas, and Umasih Umasih

Subjects
Program evaluation, Pedagogy, Mathematics
Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi secara komprehensif tentang pelaksanaan program implementasi kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran sejarah di SMA Negeri Pandeglang. Penelitian ini menggunakan model CIPP. Komponen- Komponen yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini yaitu (1) context, terdiri dari latar belakang program, kendala program, studi kelaikan; (2) input, terdiri dari peserta didik, guru, kurikulum, sarana prasarana, pembiayaan, kalender akademik; (3) process, terdiri dari kompetensi guru, kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas; (4) product, terdiri dari nilai sumatif dan nilai formatif peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Langkah-langkah penelitian diawali dengan membuat kriteria evaluasi, tahap selanjutnya membuat kisi-kisi instrument, membuat instrument penelitian, pengumpulan data, analisis data dan kesimpulan. Uji Validitas instrumen menggunakan triangulasi sumber data. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komponen Context berada pada kriteria sangat baik dengan angka evaluasi 100%, komponen input 100 % sangat baik, komponen process 75 % baik, dan komponen product 100 % sangat baik.Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa impelemntasi Kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran sejarah dapat berjalan dengan sangat baik dan efektif. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Program, CIPP, Kurikulum 2013 Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Abstract The purpose of this research is to obtain information comprehensively about the implementation of curriculum 2013 subjects history in SMA Negeri Pandeglang. This research uses CIPPmodel. The components that become the focus of this research are 1). Context, consist of program background, program constraints, feasibility study, 2). Inputh, consists of student, teachers, curriculum, infrastructure, financing, academic calender, 3). Process, consists of teacher copetence ;earningactivities in class 4). Product, consisting of sumatif value and formative value of leraners.This research uses qualitative methode combined with quantitative approach. The steps of the research begins by making evaluation criteria, the next stage of making the instrument research, making the instrument grille, data collection, data analysis and conclusions. The instrument validition test uses expert validation, and reliability test. Data collection techniques, using observation technique, interviews, documentation studies, and questionnaires. The result of reseearch show that context competent is in very good criteria, with 100% evaluation, 100 % input component is very good, 75 % good process component, and 100 % excellent product component. Thus, it can be concluded that the 2013 Curriculum implementation of history subjects can run very well. Keywords: Program Evaluation, CIPP, Curriculum 2013 History Subjects

Published
2018

14. Demographics and outcomes of inpatients with diabetic foot ulcers treated conservatively and surgically in a metropolitan hospital network

Author

Leon A. Bach, Annabel S Jones, Luisa M. Rosi, and Duncan J. Topliss

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Demographics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Amputation, Surgical, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Demography, Retrospective Studies, Hospital network, Inpatients, business.industry, Medical record, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diabetic foot, Survival Analysis, Diabetic Foot, Hospitalization, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Amputation, Emergency medicine, Female, Ankle, business
Abstract

To describe the demographics of patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and their impact on inpatient management. Secondary outcomes identified relationships of treatment modality with mortality, length of hospital admission, readmissions and post-admission care.Retrospective cohort study including patients with DFU admitted to a hospital network in Melbourne, Australia from 2016 to 2018. Medical records were manually reviewed for acute admission with DFU as a major presenting diagnosis; incidental ulcers and traumatic amputations were excluded. Amputations distal and proximal to the ankle were labelled 'minor' and 'major' respectively. Patients were followed until October 31, 2019.Of 338 patients, 21 and 148 had major and minor amputations, and 169 were managed conservatively. 94% had ≥1 microvascular and/or macrovascular complication. Conservative management (7 days) was associated with a shorter length of stay (major 18, minor 10 days, p 0.001). Readmission rates were not significantly different. Mortality was greatest (38%) and survival time shortest (999 days) after major amputation than after either other treatment. Other factors associated with mortality were age and a history of coronary artery disease.Early identification and multi-disciplinary management of DFU is essential to reduce the significant morbidity and mortality associated with amputation in these complex patients.

Published
2020

16. Deep water gravity core from the Marsili Basin (Tyrrhenian Sea) records Pleistocenic–Holocenic explosive events and instability of the Aeolian Archipelago, (Italy)

Author

A. Del Principe, Fabiano Gamberi, Antonella Bertagnini, Michael Marani, M. Rosi, and A. Di Roberto

Subjects
geography, Turbidity current, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geochemistry, Pyroclastic rock, Turbidite, Geophysics, Volcano, Geochemistry and Petrology, Clastic rock, Sedimentary rock, Tephra, Tephrochronology, Geomorphology, Geology
Abstract

A 4.8 m long gravity core was recovered on a relative topographic high in the northern part of the Marsili Basin (southern Tyrrhenian Sea) at a water depth of 3200 m. The core was taken in order to decipher the sedimentary record of the past volcanic events of the nearby Aeolian arc. A succession of thin (2 cm to 5 cm thick) fine-grained turbidites, mainly of volcaniclastic origin, topped by hemipelagic mud layers and a number of primary tephra layers were recovered by the core. The most prominent turbidite occurs in the lower part of the core at 385 cm. It consists of a 20 cm-thick, thinning-upward, pebble to sand-sized bed. Grain-size analysis and component compositions in the 0.063–0.250 mm size fractions were determined on thirty samples taken from primary tephra beds and the silty–sandy basal part of the volcaniclastic turbidite units. SEM scans and glass fraction chemical analyses were successively carried out on a selection of 17 samples. To aid source correlation and comparison, sub-aerial tephras of the Lower Pollara (Salina, 24 ± 3.6 ka), Gabellotto-Fiumebianco (Lipari, 8.5 or 11.5 ka), Monte Pilato (Lipari, 749 or 580 AD) and Secche di Lazzaro (Stromboli, ~ 5 ka) eruptions were also analyzed with the same procedure. Primary tephra respectively belonging to the eruptions of Lower Pollara, Gabellotto-Fiumebianco and Vesuvius (AP eruptions 3.5 ka–79 AD) were identified in the core at the expected relative stratigraphic depths. Two turbidite beds composed of monogenic glass shards were also identified and interpreted as the remobilisation of primary tephras of Secche di Lazzaro (Stromboli, 5 ka) and Pilato (Lipari, 580 or 749 AD). Tephrochronology results indicate that the cored sequence formed in the last 30 ka suggesting an average sedimentation rate of 0.15–0.17 mm/y. The thick pebbly sandy turbidite unit in the lower part of the core has component and glass composition compatible with the Lower Pollara volcanic sequence of Salina Island. In view of the grain-size and thickness of the turbidite unit, we suggest that it represents the deposit of a large failure event. The tephra corresponding to the Lower Pollara event lies below the turbidite unit, separated by 16 cm of hemipelagic mud, indicating that the collapse took place sometime after the eruption.

Published
2008

17. Developing an Event Tree for probabilistic hazard and risk assessment at Vesuvius

Author

A. Neri, W. P. Aspinall, R. Cioni, A. Bertagnini, P. J. Baxter, D. Andronico, S. Barsotti, P. D. Cole, T. Esposti Ongaro, T. K. Hincks, G. Macedonio, P. Papale, M. Rosi, R. Santacroce, G. Woo, ZUCCARO, GIULIO, A., Neri, W. P., Aspinall, R., Cioni, A., Bertagnini, P. J., Baxter, Zuccaro, Giulio, D., Andronico, S., Barsotti, P. D., Cole, T., Esposti Ongaro, T. K., Hinck, G., Macedonio, P., Papale, M., Rosi, R., Santacroce, and G., Woo

Published
2008

18. Plinian pumice fall deposit of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (Phlegraean Fields, Italy)

Author

Luigina Vezzoli, A Castelmenzano, Giovanni Grieco, and M Rosi

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pyroclastic rock, Volcanic rock, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Pumice, Clastic rock, Stratigraphic section, Magma, Caldera, Petrology, Geomorphology, Geology, Volcanic ash
Abstract

A plinian pumice fall deposit associated with the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (36 ka, Phlegraean Fields caldera, Italy) occurs at the base of the distal grey ignimbrite in 15 localities spread over an area exceeding 1500 km2 between Benevento and the Sorrentina peninsula. In the thickest stratigraphic section at Voscone (130 cm), 45 km east of the Phlegraean caldera centre (Pozzuoli), the deposit consists of two units: the lower fall unit (LFU) is well sorted, exhibits reverse size grading and is composed of equidimensional light-grey pumice clasts with very subordinate accidental lithics; the upper fall unit (UFU) is from well to poorly sorted, crudely stratified, richer in lithics and composed of both equidimensional and prolate pumice clasts. The two fall units show slightly different dispersal axis: N90° for the LFU and N95° for the UFU. Volumes calculated with the method of Pyle (1989) are about 8 km3 for the LFU and 7 km3 for the UFU. The maximum height of the eruptive columns are estimated, using the model of the maximum lithic clasts dispersal, at 44 km for the LFU and 40 km for the UFU, classifying both fall units as ultraplinian in character. Reverse size grading within the LFU suggests an increase of the height of the column and magma discharge rate with time. Moderate sorting and crude stratification of the UFU are consistent with short-period oscillation of the column, possibly associated with repeated partial column collapses. Sharp increases in lithic content at the transition to UFU and within the UFU suggest that changes in the eruptive behaviour was produced by a dramatic increase in conduit/vent erosion. The phase of column instability preceded the emplacement of widely dispersed pyroclastic flow. The ultraplinian nature of the fall fits well with the wide dispersal of the Campanian Ignimbrite with an estimated aspect ratio of 3–4×10−4 (LARI).

Published
1999

21. Interaction between caldera collapse and eruptive dynamics during the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption, Phlegraean Fields, Italy

Author

M. De Censi, M. Rosi, P. Aleotti, and L. Vezzoli

Subjects
geography, Explosive eruption, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geochemistry, Pyroclastic rock, Volcanic rock, Igneous rock, Geochemistry and Petrology, Clastic rock, Pumice, Breccia, Caldera, Geomorphology, Geology
Abstract

The Campanian Ignimbrite (36000 years B.P.) was produced by the explosive eruption of at least 80 km3 DRE of trachytic ash and pumice which covered most of the southern Italian peninsula and the eastern Mediterranean region. The eruption has been related to the 12-x15-km-diameter caldera located in the Phlegraean Fields, west of Naples. Proximal deposits on the periphery of the Phlegraean Fields comprise the following pyroclastic sequence from base to top: densely welded ignimbrite and lithic-rich breccias (unit A); sintered ignimbrite, low-grade ignimbrite and lithic-rich breccia (unit B); lithic-rich breccia and spatter agglutinate (unit C); and low-grade ignimbrite (unit D). Stratigraphic and componentry data, as well as distribution of accidental lithic types and the composition of pumice clasts of different units, indicate that coarse, lithic-rich breccias were emplaced at different stages during the eruption. Lower breccias are associated with fines-rich ignimbrites and are interpreted as co-ignimbrite lag breccia deposits. The main breccia unit (C) does not grade into a fines-rich ignimbrite, and therefore is interpreted as formed from a distinct lithic-rich flow. Units A and B exhibit a similar pattern of accidental lithic types, indicating that they were erupted from the same area, probably in the E of the caldera. Units C and D display a distinct pattern of lithics indicating expulsion from vent(s) that cut different areas. We suggest that unit C was ejected from several vents during the main stage of caldera collapse. Field relationships between spatter agglutinate and the breccia support the possibility that these deposits were erupted contemporaneously from vents with different eruptive style. The breccia may have resulted from a combination of magmatic and hydrothermal explosive activity that accompanied extensive fracturing and subsidence of the magma-chamber roof. The spatter rags probably derived from sustained and vigorous pyroclastic fountains. We propose that the association lithic-rich breccia and spatter agglutinate records the occurrence of catastrophic piecemeal collapse.

Published
1996

23. Comparison between two procedures for stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols from vegetable oils—I: Olive oil

Author

Maria Stella Simonetti, F. Santinelli, Mirko Castellini, M. Rosi, and P. Damianl

Subjects
Chromatography, diacylglycerols, olive oil, sn-1, 2-diacylgycerols kinase, stereospecific analysis, triacylglycerols, Triglyceride, Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Diastereomer, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stereospecificity, Olive oil
Abstract

Two methods for stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols are compared. Procedure A, based on stereospecific phosphorylation ofsn-1,2-diacylglycerols to phosphatidic acids, and procedure B, based on separation of the diastereomeric 1,2(2,3)-diacylglycerol urethane derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography on silica, were applied to olive oil triacyl-sn-glycerols. Statistical evaluation of the results showed good reproducibility, and Student'st-test indicates no statistical differences between the two considered procedures, although some small differences were observed and discussed. Fifteen samples of extra-virgin olive oil, produced in the same region (Umbria, Italy), were analyzed with the two considered procedures.

Published
1994

24. Time correlation by palaeomagnetism of the 1631 eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Volcanological and volcanic hazard implications

Author

J.C. Carracedo, C. Principe, V. Soler, and M. Rosi

Subjects
Volcanic hazards, Geophysics, Explosive eruption, Dense-rock equivalent, Effusive eruption, Geochemistry and Petrology, Lava, Subaerial eruption, Geochemistry, Pyroclastic fall, Peléan eruption, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

The 1631 eruption of Mount Vesuvius was the most destructive episode in the recent volcanic history of Vesuvius and the last in which large pyroclastic flows were emitted. The controversy about whether lava flows were also generated in this eruption, as sustained in the mapping by Le Hon (1866) and by the interpretation by some authors (Burri et al., 1975; Rolandi et al., 1991) of eyewitness accounts, is important not only for a better understanding of the eruption but also for the implications in the prediction of volcanic hazards of this volcano, set in an overpopulated area with more than 3 million people potentially at risk. Short-period palaeomagnetic techniques (secular variation curve) have been applied to correlate lava flows interpreted as produced in the event of 1631 with the pyroclastic flow of this same eruption and other lava flows unquestionably emitted prior to this eruptive event. The model that best fits the results obtained suggests that the presumed 1631 lava flows were not the result of a single eruptive event but were, in fact, produced by several different eruptions. These lava flows also have a better palaeomagnetic correlation with the medieval lava flows than with the pyroclastic flow of 1631, whose juvenile pumice clasts have a well-defined single component magnetization that fits in the expected corresponding position of the secular variation curve for that age. The palaeomagnetic characteristics of the 1631 pyroclastic flow are compatible with a “hot” depositional temperature (apparently above the Curie point of magnetite, 585 °C) for the juvenile pumice fragments (magmatic fraction) and a “cold” deposition for the non-magmatic fraction. This suggests the lack of thermal equilibration during transport of the larger clasts, probably due to the short distance travelled by the pyroclastic flows. The main volcanological and volcanic hazard issues of this work are that the 1631 event was entirely explosive and that pyroclastic flow activity played a major role in the eruption. Before 1631 Vesuvius remained for about five centuries in a state of quiescence. If the present period of repose continues for decades or centuries it is increasingly likely that the next eruption will be a highly dangerous explosive event similar to that of 1631.

Published
1993

25. Newly discovered submarine flank eruption at Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy)

Author

Fabiano Gamberi, Massimo Pompilio, A. M. Rosi, Antonella Bertagnini, A. Di Roberto, and Michael Marani

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pillow lava, Lateral eruption, Lava, pillow lavas, Stromboli volcano, Magma chamber, Submarine eruption, Paleontology, Geophysics, Effusive eruption, bathymetric surveys, Volcano, volcanic hazards, Magma, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, submarine eruption, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

[1] The NW submarine portion of Stromboli volcano has been investigated by deep-towed sidescan sonar, bathymetric surveys, video camera runs and dredging during two research cruises in 2002 and 2004. The surveys resulted in the identification of an extensive pillow lava field (106-107m3) at about 2300 m of water depth and 9 km from the shoreline of Stromboli Island. The pillow lavas have a unique composition that does not match any known subaerial product, although a limited affinity exists with those erupted during the Neostromboli eruptive cycle of the island (13–6 ka). This is the first finding of a submarine eruption on the northern side of Stromboli and improves the knowledge of its flank activity and volcanic hazards. This eruption is interpreted as marking the onset of a new volcanic cycle from the edifice periphery fed by a new, distinct magma mixed with traces of the previous magma that survived the emptying of the Neostromboli magma chamber.

Published
2008

26. Nevado del Ruiz volcano (Colombia): pre-eruption observations and the November 13, 1985 catastrophic event

Author

Franco Barberi, M. Rosi, and M. Martini

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Lahar, Pyroclastic rock, Glacier, Lapilli, Fumarole, Geophysics, Volcano, Geochemistry and Petrology, Magma, Physical geography, Tephra, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

An Italian volcanological mission visited the Nevado del Ruiz volcano a few weeks before the catastrophic eruption of November 13, 1985. Fumarolic gases of Arenas crater were sampled and analysed and proved to be basically a mixture of CO2 and SO2, indicative of a direct magmatic input to the surface environment. The existence of high lahar risk was stressed in the mission's report delivered on October 22, 1985 and some simple preparedness measures were recommended to local authorities. Some observations of the November 13 pyroclastic sequence on the summit glacier suggest that the climax of the ice melting occurred before the beginning of the sustained column (Plinian phase) and was related to the early emplacement of pyroclastic flows.

Published
1990

27. The December 2002-July 2003 effusive event at Stromboli volcano, Italy: Insights into the shallow plumbing system by petrochemical studies

Author

Chiara Maria Petrone, I. Nardini, Lorella Francalanci, Massimo Pompilio, M. Rosi, L. Miraglia, Rosa Anna Corsaro, and Patrizia Landi

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Lava, Stromboli volcano, Aeolian Islands, Geochemistry, Pyroclastic rock, 2002-2003 eruption, Mineralogy, Strombolian eruption, Volcanic rock, Igneous rock, Geophysics, Effusive eruption, Volcano, Geochemistry and Petrology, Sr isotope, Magma, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

On 28 December 2002, the persistent Strombolian activity at Stromboli was interrupted by the sudden onset of lava emission onto the Sciara del Fuoco slope, a horseshoe-shaped depression on the NW flank of the volcano. The effusive episode went on until 22 July 2003 and produced a cumulative volume of lavas of 11 × 106 m3 ranking the event as the largest occurred in the past 30 years. The eruptive vents were mainly located in the NE sector of the Sciara del Fuoco depression, at an elevation of 550–600 m a.s.l. On 30 December, the eastern portion of the Sciara del Fuoco collapsed producing a tsunamigenic landslide. On 5 April 2003, a paroxysmal eruption occurred at the summit craters during which crystal-poor pumiceous products were emitted. The paroxysm did not interrupt the lava emission. The Strombolian activity at the summit craters gradually resumed starting from March 2003 and fully recovered by the end of July. Periodic sampling of the lava at the active vents was carried out during the entire effusive event. All the analysed samples are shoshonitic basalts (SiO2 48.5–50.4 wt.%; K2O 2.1–2.4 wt.%) in the range of composition observed in the products erupted during the past 20 years. They bear about 50 vol.% zoned crystals of plagioclase An90–60, diopside–augite and olivine Fo70–73 in a compositionally homogeneous shoshonitic groundmass. Bulk rock major and trace element contents measured with different methodologies at different laboratories show only minor variations. Sr and Nd isotope ratios are close to those of the crystal-rich scoriae erupted in the previous years. Despite of small compositional variations related to the emptying of the zoned topmost portion of the conduit, the data show that the switch from Strombolian explosive to effusive activity is not associated with changes of the textures and composition of the erupted products. Slight but somehow systematic variation of trace elements and isotope ratios between products erupted before and after the 5 April eruption are likely accounted by limited mixing between the fresh, volatile-rich, crystal-poor, magma erupted as pumice during the paroxysm, and the volatile-poor, crystal-rich magma feeding the lava flow. The uniform composition of the erupted lava indicates the presence of a large volume of well-mixed, crystal-rich, homogeneous magma residing in the shallow plumbing system of the volcano. Two possible trigger mechanism of the effusive event are here proposed: (i) a discrete input of fresh magma into the lower part of the shallow magmatic system occurred some months before the eruption and was followed by crystallisation, degassing and mixing with the crystal-rich shallow magma which re-homogenised the system. These processes eventually led to the rise of the magma at a higher level and failure of the conduit walls. (ii) The onset of the effusion may represent the consequence of a gradual rise of the magma level in the conduits occurred in the past two decades. The process of progressive refilling, initiated after the 1985 effusive eruption, ultimately culminated on 28 December 2002 with the failure of the conduit wall and the opening of vents 100–150 m below the summit craters.

Published
2006

28. Contemporaneous convective and collapsing eruptive dynamics: The transitional regime of explosive eruptions

Author

M. Rosi, A. Di Muro, and Augusto Neri

Subjects
Convection, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Explosive eruption, Dynamics (mechanics), Pyroclastic rock, Geophysics, Physics::Geophysics, Volcanic rock, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

[1] Two contrasting eruptive regimes have been classically postulated to describe the behavior of explosive eruptions: convective and collapsing. Early studies have recognized that many eruptions evolve from the first to the second regime and have assumed the existence of a sharp boundary between them. Consequently, the dynamics of such transition has never been investigated in detail. Here, we present results of integrated deposit analyses and numerical simulations which demonstrate univocally that both dynamics can, and often do, coexist for hours in a new intermediate transitional regime of explosive eruptions. The study elucidates the features of the new regime in terms of mass partitioning, pyroclastic current dynamics and interplay among convective and collapsing styles.

Published
2004

30. Spouses’ Perceptions of Network Interference in the Early Years of Marriage

Author

Pamela B. Trotter, Terri L. Orbuch, and M. Rosie Shrout

Subjects
networks, marital well-being, gender, race, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

In early marriage, couples are intricately tied to their social networks and are influenced by important connections, social interactions, and socialization processes within those networks. Most of the research on the links between social networks and marital processes has focused on the positive effects or support married couples receive from their friends and family. The present study examined the links between perceptions of interference from family and friends and newlyweds’ reports of marital well-being in the early years of marriage. The contexts of both gender and race were explored to gain a better understanding of how interference from family and friends might be linked to marital well-being. Data from Black American and White American couples in their early years of marriage were analyzed. The findings revealed that perceptions of interference from friends were negatively associated with marital well-being for both Black American and White American wives. Husbands’ perceptions of interference from their wives’ friends were negatively linked to marital well-being, but only for Black American husbands. We offer several explanations for the differential links between perceptions of interference and marital well-being, including the role of relationships in self-identity and the negative spillover effect of external stressors.

Published
2019
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32. Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Asynchronous Distance Education

Author

M. Rosi, Slavomir Stankov, Vlado Glavinić, Economides, Costas, Pattichis, Constantinos S., and Maliotis, Gregor

Subjects
Multimedia, business.industry, Computer science, Distance education, Intelligent decision support system, asynchronous distance education, authoring shells, intelligent tutoring systems, computer.software_genre, Expert system, Knowledge base, Asynchronous communication, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Domain knowledge, User interface, TUTOR, business, computer, computer.programming_language
Abstract

Asynchronous distance education delivery systems do not require real-time student-human teacher interaction thus enabling students to use tutoring resources anytime and anywhere. Among various possibilities for implementing asynchronous distance education delivery computer supported ones are nowadays the most popular. Categories thereof are intelligent tutoring systems that are used for supporting and improving the process of learning and teaching in arbitrary domain knowledge. In such education models the role of human teacher is replaced with a computer tutor basically consisting of a domain knowledge base as well as of both a student module with an appropriate student model and a teacher strategy guiding the learning and teaching process. The paper describes an authoring shell – Distributed Tutor-Expert System (DTEx-Sys) – developed for asynchronous distance education purposes, as a secondary knowledge source for teachers and their students in secondary and primary schools.

Published
2000

33. The health consequences of stress in couples: A review and new integrated Dyadic Biobehavioral Stress Model

Author

M. Rosie Shrout

Subjects
Dyadic coping, Inflammation, Interdependence, Marriage, Psychoneuroimmunology, Stress reactivity, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Despite marriage's health benefits, all couples experience stress that can increase morbidity and mortality risks. Marital stress can alter endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune function—key pathways from troubled relationships to poor health. This review discusses how partners “get under each other's skin” to influence psychological, behavioral, and biological health. Then, I offer a comprehensive Dyadic Biobehavioral Stress Model to build on this foundational work and inspire transdisciplinary research integrating psychoneuroimmunological and relational lenses. This conceptual and empirically driven model provides promising new directions to investigate mechanisms linking individuals' relationships behaviors to their own and their partners' health, with particular emphasis on biological pathways. These mechanisms may impact each partner's physical health outcomes, such as disease development, illness severity, and accelerated biological aging. Risk and protective factors across developmental stages and diverse contexts are also discussed to help explain how, and under what conditions, partners influence each other's health. Research applying this model can push the boundaries of our current understanding on dyadic stress its far-reaching health effects on self-report and biological markers across the lifespan.

Published
2021
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34. Automatic visualization of two-dimensional cellular complexes

Author

Candido Ferreira Xavier de Mendonça Neto, Jorge Stolfi, Luis Arturo Perez Lozada, and R. M. Rosi

Subjects
Discrete mathematics, Computational topology, Computer science, Graph drawing, Partition (number theory), Adjacency list, Solid modeling, General topology, Finite set, Visualization
Abstract

A two-dimensional cellular complex is a partition of a surface into a finite number of elements—faces (open disks), edges (open arcs), and vertices (points). The topology of a cellular complex is the abstract incidence and adjacency relations among its elements. Here we describe a program that, given only the topology of a cellular complex, computes a geometric realization of the same—that is, a specific partition of a specific surface in three-space—guided by various aesthetic and presentational criteria.

Published
1997

35. Quantitative Reconstruction of Recent Volcanic Activity: A Contribution to Forecasting of Future Eruptions

Author

M. Rosi

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Volcano, Earth science, Econometrics
Abstract

Knowledge of the past pattern of activity of a volcano can facilitate the long-term forecast of its future eruptive behaviour. The reliability of such a forecast depends strongly on the type of volcanic system being considered. For central volcanoes with long-lived predominantly effusive activity, past eruptive patterns appear to be relatively simple, and their future behaviour generally can be forecast with good approximation.

Published
1996

36. Tribological Properties of WCCo/cBNComposites Produced by Pulse Plasma Sintering

Author

J. Wachowicz, T. Truszkowski, M. Rosiński, M. Ossowski, G. Skrabalak, and M. Cyrankowski

Subjects
pulse plasma sintering, cubic boron nitride (cbn), cemented carbide, composite, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

In view of their advantageous properties (high hardness, good frictional wear resistance, chemical and thermal stability at elevated temperatures), cubic boron nitride (cBN) and tungsten carbide (WC) are commonly used for the fabrication of cutting tools. The composites were consolidated at a temperature of 1100°C under a load of 100 MPa for 10 min. The density of the thus produced material was close to the theoretical value (about 99.6%), and the hardness HV30 was about 1950. The phases identified in the composite were WC, Co, and cBN. Microstructural examinations revealed that numerous trans-crystalline fractures through the cBN particles occurred in the material. The present study is concerned with the wear of the WCCo and WCCo/cBN composites. Comparative tribological examinations were performed in a tribological tester using the ball-on-disc arrangement under the conditions of dry friction. The counterspecimens were steel and Al2O3 balls. The tests were conducted under a unit load of 10 N. After the tests, the surface of the samples was examined to describe the wear mechanisms active in various composite materials.

Published
2018
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37. Application of the GTN Model to Numerical Simulation of Distaloy AB Sinters Behaviour Under Complex Loading Conditions

Author

L. Madej, K. Perzyński, M. Składzień, M. Tkocz, M. Rosiak, and F. Grosman

Subjects
numerical modelling, porous sinters, deformation, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

The behaviour of porous sinters, during compression and compression with reverse cyclic torsion tests is investigated in the article based on the combination of experimental and numerical techniques. The sinters manufactured from the Distaloy AB powder are examined. First, series of simple uniaxial compression tests were performed on samples with three different porosity volume fractions: 15, 20 and 25%. Obtained data were then used during identification procedure of the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman finite element based model, which can capture influence of porosity evolution on plasticity. Finally, the identified Gurson-Tvergaard- Needleman model was validated under complex compression with reverse cyclic torsion conditions and proved its good predictive capabilities. Details on both experimental and numerical investigations are presented within the paper.

Published
2018
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39. Neutron production in cavity pressure acceleration of plasma objects

Author

T. Chodukowski, S. Borodziuk, Z. Rusiniak, J. Cikhardt, K. Jach, J. Krasa, M. Rosinski, D. Terwinska, R. Dudzak, T. Pisarczyk, R. Swierczynski, T. Burian, P. Tchorz, J. Dostal, M. Szymanski, M. Pfeifer, J. Skala, S. Singh, M. Krupka, and M. Krus

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The laser-induced Cavity Pressure Acceleration (CPA) scheme [S. Borodziuk et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 231501 (2009)] allows for effective transformation of the laser energy into the kinetic energy of plasma streams and dense plasma objects. It has been proven that using long-wavelength laser beams, with relatively low energies (up to 500 J for λ1 = 1.315 µm and FWHM = 350 ps), it is possible to accelerate macroparticles to very high velocities (above 107 cm/s). The study of neutron yield showed the benefit of CPA in delivering ion temperatures and density sufficient to reach the thermonuclear region.

Published
2020
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41. Beneficial changes on plasma apolipoproteins A and B, high density lipoproteins and oxidized low density lipoproteins in obese women after bariatric surgery: comparison between gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy

Author

J. M. Gómez-Martin, J. A. Balsa, E. Aracil, M. Cuadrado-Ayuso, M. Rosillo, G. De la Peña, M. A. Lasunción, H. F. Escobar-Morreale, and J. I. Botella-Carretero

Subjects
Obesity, Bariatric surgery, Lipid metabolism, Low density lipoproteins, Oxidized LDL, Metabolic syndrome, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background The beneficial effects in lipid profiles after obesity surgery might be associated with the decrease in cardiovascular risk. However, direct comparison between different surgical techniques has not been extensively performed. Methods In the present study we compare 20 obese women submitted to laparoscopic Roux en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with 20 women submitted to sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Twenty control women matched for age and baseline cardiovascular risk were also included. Both patients and controls were followed up for 1 year after surgery or conventional treatment with diet and exercise, respectively. Lipid profiles were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months later. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured by ultrasonography at baseline and at the end of the study. Results Women submitted to bariatric surgery showed a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, oxidized-LDL and ApoB, and an increase in HDL and ApoA concentrations that occurred regardless of the surgical procedure. LDL concentrations, however, decreased only after RYGB whereas Lp(a) showed no changes. We did not observe any correlation between the changes in serum lipid concentrations and those in carotid intima-media thickness. Conclusions Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass induce a similar beneficial effect on serum lipids in women with high cardiovascular risk 1 year after surgery.

Published
2018
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42. Magnetic fabric, welding texture and strain fabric in the Nuraxi Tuff, Sardinia, Italy.

Author

L. Pioli, R. Lanza, M. Ort, and M. Rosi

Subjects
MAGNETIC susceptibility, IGNIMBRITE, HIGH temperatures, MAGNETIZATION, SCANNING electron microscopy
Abstract

Abstract  Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) has been used to interpret flow directions in ignimbrites, but no study has demonstrated that the AMS fabric corresponds to the flow fabric. In this paper, we show that the AMS and strain fabric coincide in a high-grade ignimbrite, the Nuraxi Tuff, a Miocene rhyolitic ignimbrite displaying a wide variability of rheomorphic features and a well-defined magnetic fabric. Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) data indicate that the magnetization of the tuff is homogeneous and was acquired at high temperatures by Ti-magnetite crystals. Comparison between the magnetic fabric and the deformation features along a representative section shows that AMS and anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization (AIRM) fabric are coaxial with and reproduce the shape of the strain ellipsoid. Magnetic tests and scanning electron microscopy observations indicate that the fabric is due to trails of micrometer-size, pseudo-single domain, magnetically interacting magnetite crystals. Microlites formed along discontinuities such as shard rims and vesicle walls mimicking the petrofabric of the tuff. The fabric was thus acquired after deposition, before late rheomorphic processes, and accurately mimics homogeneous deformation features of the shards during welding processes and mass flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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43. Role of conduit shear on ascent of the crystal-rich magma feeding the 800-year-b.p. Plinian eruption of Quilotoa Volcano (Ecuador).

Author

M. Rosi, P. Landi, M. Polacci, A. Di Muro, and D. Zandomeneghi

Abstract

We have characterized pumice products belonging to the climactic phase of the 800-year-b.p. Quilotoa eruption. Bulk rock compositions, petrography, mineral, and glass chemistry and textural investigations were performed on the three end-member pumice types, namely white, gray, and mingled pumices. All the investigated pumice clasts are dacites characterized by the same bulk rock composition and mineralogical assemblage, but glass compositions and bulk textures change according to different pumice types. White pumice has higher crystallinity (~48 wt%), abundant euhedral pheno/microphenocrysts, no groundmass microlites, the most evolved glass compositions (74–78 wt% SiO 2), and heterogeneous vesicle populations marked by deformed and highly coalesced vesicles with thin walls. Gray pumice exhibits lower crystallinity (29–36 wt%), abundant broken and/or resorbed crystals, ubiquitous groundmass phenocryst fragments and microlites, the widest range of glass compositions (69–78 wt% SiO 2), and quite homogeneous poorly deformed and coalesced vesicles with thicker walls. Mingled pumices are characterized by the alternation of bands or patches with white and gray pumice compositional and textural characteristics. We attribute heterogeneities in glass compositions and crystal and vesicle textures to processes occurring within volcanic conduits as magma is ascending to the surface. In particular, the above observations and results are consistent with an origin of a gray magma by heating of the original white magma in a strongly sheared region of the conduit because of a mechanism of viscous dissipation and crystal grinding and resorption at the conduit walls. The less viscous gray magma, therefore, would enable the onset and preservation of a high mass flux of the eruption otherwise difficult to explain for highly viscous crystal-rich dacitic magmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004

44. LIBS experiments for quantitative detection of retained fuel

Author

F. Colao, S. Almaviva, L. Caneve, G. Maddaluno, T. Fornal, P. Gasior, M. Kubkowska, and M. Rosinski

Subjects
Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) provides chemical information from atomic and ionic plasma emissions generated by laser vaporization of a sample. At the ENEA research center, in collaboration with IPPLM, an equipment has been set up to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the chemical composition of impurities deposited on Plasma Facing Components (PFC). The strength of the LIBS, for its capability of light elements detection, is fully exploited to determine the deuterium content since this element can be considered as the best choice proxy for tritium; the latter being is of great importance in assessing safe conditions to assure the continuous operation in nuclear fusion tokamak.Here we present the results of the Double Pulse LIBS (DP-LIBS) probing of deuterated samples with the simultaneous optical detection by medium-resolution and high-resolution spectrometer. Deuterium emission at 656.1nm has been detected then the elemental composition has been quantified by applying the Calibration Free (CF) approach. The obtained results demonstrate that the DP-LIBS technique combined with CF analysis is suitable for the quantitative determination of tritium content inside the PFCs of next fusion devices like ITER.

Published
2017
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45. Ionization potentials and electron momentum distributions for SiF4 valence-shell orbitals: an (e,2e) spectroscopic investigation and Green's function study

Author

M. Rosi, R. Tiribelli, Roberta Fantoni, R. Cambi, and A. Giardini-Guidoni

Subjects
Chemistry, Linear combination of atomic orbitals, Computational chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Cubic harmonic, Molecular orbital theory, Molecular orbital, Complete active space, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Basis set, Slater-type orbital, Natural bond orbital
Abstract

Ionization potentials and electron momentum distributions of SiF 4 valence-shell orbitals have been measured by means of (e,2e) spectroscopy. SCF calculations and a Green's function study have been performed on the same molecule. A comparison between experimental and theoretical results shows that a significant interaction of 2p F with 3d Si orbitals occurs.

Published
1986

46. Ionization of fluoromethanes: CHF3 and CF4. A Greens̀ function study and an (e, 2e) spectroscopic investigation

Author

Francesco Tarantelli, A. Giardini-Guidoni, R. Cambi, G. Ciullo, R. Fantoni, R. Tiribelli, A. Sgamellotti, and M. Rosi

Subjects
Atomic orbital, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Chemistry, Ionization, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, General Physics and Astronomy, Molecule, Function (mathematics), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectral data
Abstract

A Green's function study has been performed on CHF3 and CF4. Theoretical results are compared with (e 2e) spectral data. Previous assignment of valence-shell orbitals is confirmed and a splitting of the innermost ionizations over many shake-up terms in experimental and theoretical results on both molecules.

Published
1982

47. Tensor meson excitation in the reaction γγ→K S 0 K S 0

Author

Stephanie Brandt, M. Zachara, Y. Gnat, G. G. Winter, B. Sechi-Zorn, Claus Grupen, Kevin M. Smith, J. Grunhaus, K. Diehlmann, G. E. Welch, Gideon Bella, Barry King, K. Derikum, A. Klovning, F. Ferrarotto, B. Lewendel, B. Stella, H. Genzel, H. Spitzer, H. Junge, R. G. Kellogg, W. Lackas, B. Neumann, R. van Staa, K. H. Pape, U. Michelsen, C. Maxeiner, K. Stupperich, A. Bäcker, R. G. Glasser, U. Timm, D. Burkart, L. Criegee, W. Zimmermann, Peter Bussey, E. Lillestöl, Fernando Barreiro, C. Y. Chang, H. J. Meyer, Ch. Gerke, M. Feindt, A. J. Tylka, Frank Raupach, A. Deuter, Wolfgang Wagner, F. Almeida, J. C. Thomson, G. Knies, D. Hendry, J. B. Dainton, O. Achterberg, R. O. Polvado, C. Raine, J. Pielorz, B. Koppitz, H. Müller, G. Franke, S. L. Cartwright, Andris Skuja, I. O. Skillicorn, J. M. Scarr, S. J. Maxfield, K. Kraski, G. T. Zorn, G. Zech, Volker Blobel, D. Schmidt, M. Rosi, Gideon Alexander, H. Kapitza, M. Krüger, H. Maxeiner, J. A.J. Skard, J. D. Burger, Ch. Berger, M. Gaspero, and M. Poppe

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Angular distribution, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Glueball, Engineering (miscellaneous), Helicity, Excitation
Abstract

In the analysis of the reactione+e−→e+e−KS0Ks0 clear evidence for exclusive γγ→f2′ resonance production is observed. The productΓγγ ·B(f2′→K\(\bar K\)) is measured to be 0.10−0.03−0.02+0.04+0.03 keV independent of ana priori assumption on the helicity structure. Our data are consistent with a pure helicity 2 contribution and we derive an upper limit for the ratioΓγγ(0)/Γγγ. The absence of events in the mass region around 1.3 GeV clearly proves destructivef2−a2 interference and allows to measure the relative phases betweenf2,a2 andf2′. Upper limits on the production of the glueball candidate statesf2(1720) andX(2230) as well as theKS0KS0-continuum are given.

Published
1988

48. Sistema Nacional de Educação e relações intergovernamentais no Brasil

Author

Marisa R. T. Duarte and M. Rosimary Soares Santos

Subjects
Éducation nationale, Relations intergouvernementales dans les systèmes éducatifs, Fédéralisme et éducation, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

A hipótese analisada nesse artigo considerou o discurso político sobre a constituição de um Sistema Nacional de Educação no Brasil como expressão de novo arranjo institucional para as relações intergovernamentais no sistema educacional federativo. O objetivo do estudo é compreender que elementos e mecanismos compõem o quadro analítico condutor de políticas públicas em educação para a nação. Para este fim, analisou-se a legislação constitucional de regulação institucional das relações entre os entes federados, a Lei que aprovou o novo Plano Nacional de Educação e o projeto de Lei Complementar, que objetiva regulamentar relações intergovernamentais no Sistema Educacional brasileiro. O estudo concluiu a respeito do silêncio discursivo em torno de políticas de cunho redistributivo e da regulamentação de relações intergovernamentais mediante normas infra legais.

Published
2014
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49. Protons accelerated in the target normal sheath acceleration regime by a femtosecond laser

Author

L. Torrisi, M. Cutroneo, A. Torrisi, L. Silipigni, G. Costa, M. Rosinski, J. Badziak, J. Wołowski, A. Zaraś-Szydłowska, and P. Parys

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Advanced targets based on thin films of graphene oxide covered by metallic layers have been irradiated at high laser intensity (∼10^{19} W/cm^{2}) with 40 fs laser pulses to investigate the forward ion acceleration in the target normal sheath acceleration regime. A time-of-flight technique was employed with silicon-carbide detectors and ion collectors as fast on-line plasma diagnostics. At the optimized conditions of the laser focus position with respect to the target surface was measured the maximum proton energy using Au metallic films. A maximum proton energy of 2.85 MeV was measured using the Au metallization of 200 nm. The presence of graphene oxide facilitates the electron crossing of the foil minimizing the electron scattering and increasing the electric field driving the ion acceleration. The effect of plasma electron density control using the graphene oxide is presented and discussed.

Published
2019
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50. A search for a doubly-charged Higgs boson in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7 \ \mbox{TeV}$

Author

The CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan, V. Khachatryan, A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, C. Fabjan, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth, V. M. Ghete, J. Hammer, N. Hörmann, J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler, W. Kiesenhofer, V. Knünz, M. Krammer, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, M. Pernicka, B. Rahbaran, C. Rohringer, H. Rohringer, R. Schöfbeck, J. Strauss, A. Taurok, P. Wagner, W. Waltenberger, G. Walzel, E. Widl, C.-E. Wulz, V. Mossolov, N. Shumeiko, J. Suarez Gonzalez, S. Bansal, T. Cornelis, E. A. De Wolf, X. Janssen, S. Luyckx, T. Maes, L. Mucibello, S. Ochesanu, B. Roland, R. Rougny, M. Selvaggi, Z. Staykova, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel, A. Van Spilbeeck, F. Blekman, S. Blyweert, J. D’Hondt, R. Gonzalez Suarez, A. Kalogeropoulos, M. Maes, A. Olbrechts, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, G. P. Van Onsem, I. Villella, O. Charaf, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, V. Dero, A. P. R. Gay, T. Hreus, A. Léonard, P. E. Marage, T. Reis, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, J. Wang, V. Adler, K. Beernaert, A. Cimmino, S. Costantini, G. Garcia, M. Grunewald, B. Klein, J. Lellouch, A. Marinov, J. Mccartin, A. A. Ocampo Rios, D. Ryckbosch, N. Strobbe, F. Thyssen, M. Tytgat, L. Vanelderen, P. Verwilligen, S. Walsh, E. Yazgan, N. Zaganidis, S. Basegmez, G. Bruno, R. Castello, A. Caudron, L. Ceard, C. Delaere, T. du Pree, D. Favart, L. Forthomme, A. Giammanco, J. Hollar, V. Lemaitre, J. Liao, O. Militaru, C. Nuttens, D. Pagano, L. Perrini, A. Pin, K. Piotrzkowski, N. Schul, J. M. Vizan Garcia, N. Beliy, T. Caebergs, E. Daubie, G. H. Hammad, G. A. Alves, M. Correa Martins Junior, D. De Jesus Damiao, T. Martins, M. E. Pol, M. H. G. Souza, W. L. Aldá Júnior, W. Carvalho, A. Custódio, E. M. Da Costa, C. De Oliveira Martins, S. Fonseca De Souza, D. Matos Figueiredo, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, V. Oguri, W. L. Prado Da Silva, A. Santoro, L. Soares Jorge, A. Sznajder, C. A. Bernardes, F. A. Dias, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, C. Lagana, F. 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Cooper, B. Dahmes, A. De Benedetti, G. Franzoni, A. Gude, S. C. Kao, K. Klapoetke, Y. Kubota, J. Mans, N. Pastika, R. Rusack, M. Sasseville, A. Singovsky, N. Tambe, J. Turkewitz, L. M. Cremaldi, R. Kroeger, L. Perera, R. Rahmat, D. A. Sanders, E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, S. Bose, J. Butt, D. R. Claes, A. Dominguez, M. Eads, J. Keller, I. Kravchenko, J. Lazo-Flores, H. Malbouisson, S. Malik, G. R. Snow, U. Baur, A. Godshalk, I. Iashvili, S. Jain, A. Kharchilava, A. Kumar, S. P. Shipkowski, K. Smith, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, D. Baumgartel, M. Chasco, J. Haley, D. Nash, D. Trocino, D. Wood, J. Zhang, A. Anastassov, A. Kubik, N. Mucia, N. Odell, R. A. Ofierzynski, B. Pollack, A. Pozdnyakov, M. Schmitt, S. Stoynev, M. Velasco, S. Won, L. Antonelli, D. Berry, A. Brinkerhoff, M. Hildreth, C. Jessop, D. J. Karmgard, J. Kolb, K. Lannon, W. Luo, S. Lynch, N. Marinelli, D. M. Morse, T. Pearson, R. Ruchti, J. Slaunwhite, N. Valls, M. Wayne, M. Wolf, B. Bylsma, L. S. Durkin, A. Hart, C. Hill, R. 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Balazs, S. Boutle, B. Cox, B. Francis, J. Goodell, R. Hirosky, A. Ledovskoy, C. Lin, C. Neu, J. Wood, R. Yohay, S. Gollapinni, R. Harr, P. E. Karchin, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge Don, P. Lamichhane, A. Sakharov, M. Anderson, M. Bachtis, D. Belknap, L. Borrello, D. Carlsmith, M. Cepeda, S. Dasu, L. Gray, K. S. Grogg, M. Grothe, R. Hall-Wilton, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, P. Klabbers, J. Klukas, A. Lanaro, C. Lazaridis, J. Leonard, R. Loveless, A. Mohapatra, I. Ojalvo, F. Palmonari, G. A. Pierro, I. Ross, A. Savin, W. H. Smith, and J. Swanson

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract A search for a doubly-charged Higgs boson in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7 \ \mbox{TeV}$ is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb−1, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is performed using events with three or more isolated charged leptons of any flavor, giving sensitivity to the decays of pair-produced triplet components Φ ++ Φ −−, and Φ ++ Φ − from associated production. No excess is observed compared to the background prediction, and upper limits at the 95 % confidence level are set on the Φ ++ production cross section, under specific assumptions on its branching fractions. Lower bounds on the Φ ++ mass are reported, providing significantly more stringent constraints than previously published limits.

Published
2012
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