1,240 results on '"M. Read"'
Search Results
2. A study into the mental health of PhD students in Australia: investigating the determinants of depression, anxiety, and suicidality
- Author
-
Lia Mills, Gemma J. M. Read, Jake E. Bragg, Brendan T. Hutchinson, and Jolene A. Cox
- Subjects
Anxiety ,Depression ,Higher education ,Mental health ,PhD students ,Suicidality ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract PhD students are particularly vulnerable to experiencing poor mental health. Mental health concerns that arise during their studies can not only affect their study progress but also have long-lasting impacts on their mental health after their studies. Extensive research has been conducted on the mental health of university students, but few studies have focused on PhD students and even fewer on PhD students in Australia. The present study investigated demographic, occupational, psychological, social, and relational determinants of mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, and suicidality) in PhD students in Australia. PhD students enrolled in Australian universities were invited to complete an online survey. Results from regression analyses identified key determinants of mental health symptoms in our sample of PhD students (N = 302). In particular, higher levels of imposter thoughts, perfectionism discrepancy, and loneliness were strong predictors of depression, anxiety, and suicidality. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mental health of PhD students in Australia. Importantly, these findings inform areas of focus where potential strategies can be implemented to better protect the mental health of this population. For example, strategies that mitigate loneliness or foster effective, collaborative student-supervisor relationships.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Estimating Nitrate Leaching to Groundwater from Orchards: Comparing Crop Nitrogen Excess, Deep Vadose Zone Data‐Driven Estimates, and HYDRUS Modeling
- Author
-
S. Baram, V. Couvreur, T. Harter, M. Read, P.H. Brown, M. Kandelous, D.R. Smart, and J.W. Hopmans
- Subjects
Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Core Ideas Leaching below the root zone is estimated based on eight sites of intensive vadose zone monitoring. Across methods N losses estimated at the annual orchard scale were in the same order of magnitude. Simple N mass balance provided a good proxy of the orchard scale annual N accumulation in the soil Under current BMP N load to groundwater is likely in the range of 60 to 100 kg N ha–1. Large spatial and temporal variability in water flow and N transport dynamics poses significant challenges to accurately estimating N losses form orchards. A 2‐yr study was conducted to explore nitrate (NO3−) leaching below the root zone of an almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb] orchard. Temporal changes in water content, pore water NO3− concentrations and soil water potential were monitored within and below the root zone to a soil depth of 3 m at eight sites, which represented spatial variations in soil profiles within an almond orchard in California. Orchard monthly average NO3− concentrations below the root zone ranged from 225 to 710 mg L−1 with mean annual concentration of 468 and 333 mg L−1 for the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons, respectively. Despite the huge variability in pore water NO3− concentration between sites, the larger spatiotemporal scale N losses estimated at the annual orchard scale from surface N mass balance, vadose zone based water and N mass balance, flow calculations, and HYDRUS modeling were all on the same order of magnitude (80–240 kg N ha−1 yr−1). All methods indicated that most of the N losses occur early in the growing season (February–May) when fertilizer is applied to wet soil profiles. Simple mass balance (i.e., N load applied minus N load removed) provided a good proxy of the annual N accumulation in the soil profile at the orchard scale. Reduction of N losses at the orchard scale would require alternative fertigation and irrigation practices to decrease the difference between the N load removed and the N load applied to orchards.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gender Quotas Are Not Enough: The Need for Multiple Strategies to Address Gender Equity in Australian Universities
- Author
-
Gail Crimmins, Elvessa Marshall, and Gemma J. M. Read
- Abstract
The paper examines a 'circulatory' system of gender inequity in Australian universities where gender bias prevents women from accessing senior decision-making roles and stultifies their capacity to act as gender change agents. It has been mooted that equity quotas for senior roles can derail this circuit of male privilege in academia. Yet a plastic reading of the shape of gender equity policy and practice in Australian universities over the last 40 years reveals an increasing acceptance of individualism, which positions women's liberation as being achievable through self-responsibilisation. If these discourses remain unchallenged, gender quotas for senior roles alone will likely only benefit those entrepreneurial women admitted to senior positions, rendering the causes of gender inequity hidden and exonerated. Using a novel methodology that combines a 'plastic' with a complex systems lens of policy manoeuvres, we suggest gender quotas, accompanied by strategy designed to develop leaders' gender competency and change agency, are required to support more sustainably equitable work structure within the academy.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Reconstructed influenza A/H3N2 infection histories reveal variation in incidence and antibody dynamics over the life course
- Author
-
James A. Hay, Huachen Zhu, Chao Qiang Jiang, Kin On Kwok, Ruiyin Shen, Adam Kucharski, Bingyi Yang, Jonathan M. Read, Justin Lessler, Derek A. T. Cummings, and Steven Riley
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Published
- 2024
6. The Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) on the SMILE Mission
- Author
-
S. Sembay, A. L. Alme, D. Agnolon, T. Arnold, A. Beardmore, A. Belén Balado Margeli, C. Bicknell, C. Bouldin, G. Branduardi-Raymont, T. Crawford, J. P. Breuer, T. Buggey, G. Butcher, R. Canchal, J. A. Carter, A. Cheney, Y. Collado-Vega, H. Connor, N. Eaton, C. Feldman, C. Forsyth, T. Frantzen, G. Galgóczi, J. Garcia, G. Y. Genov, C. Gordillo, H-P. Gröbelbauer, M. Guedel, Y. Guo, M. Hailey, D. Hall, R. Hampson, J. Hasiba, O. Hetherington, A. Holland, S-Y. Hsieh, M. W. J. Hubbard, H. Jeszenszky, M. Jones, T. Kennedy, K. Koch-Mehrin, S. Kögl, S. Krucker, K. D. Kuntz, C. Lakin, G. Laky, O. Lylund, A. Martindale, J. Miguel Mas Hesse, R. Nakamura, K. Oksavik, N. Østgaard, H. Ottacher, R. Ottensamer, C. Pagani, S. Parsons, P. Patel, J. Pearson, G. Peikert, F. S. Porter, T. Pouliantis, B. H. Qureshi, W. Raab, G. Randall, A. M. Read, N. M. M. Roque, M. E. Rostad, C. Runciman, S. Sachdev, A. Samsonov, M. Soman, D. Sibeck, S. Smit, J. Søndergaard, R. Speight, S. Stavland, M. Steller, TianRan Sun, J. Thornhill, W. Thomas, K. Ullaland, B. Walsh, D. Walton, C. Wang, and S. Yang
- Subjects
soft x-ray imaging ,micropore optics ,large area ccd ,Science ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) mission. SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and is due for launch in 2025. SXI is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view (FOV) capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE orbit. SXI is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange (SWCX) process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s exosphere. SWCX provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere, such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause, because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field lines. The sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many hours. SXI is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom (UK) with collaborating organisations on hardware, software and science support within the UK, Europe, China and the United States.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Characterizing the evolving SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in urban and rural Malawi between February 2021 and April 2022: A population-based cohort study
- Author
-
Louis Banda, Antonia Ho, Stephen Kasenda, Jonathan M. Read, Chris Jewell, Alison Price, Estelle McLean, Albert Dube, David Chaima, Lyson Samikwa, Tonney S. Nyirenda, Ellen C. Hughes, Brian J. Willett, Annie Chauma Mwale, Abena S. Amoah, and Amelia Crampin
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2 ,Seroprevalence ,Longitudinal cohort ,Community ,Malawi ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the changing SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated health and sociodemographic factors in Malawi between February 2021 and April 2022. Methods: In total, four 3-monthly serosurveys were conducted within a longitudinal population-based cohort in rural Karonga District and urban Lilongwe, testing for SARS-CoV-2 S1 immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Population seroprevalence was estimated in all and unvaccinated participants. Bayesian mixed-effects logistic models estimated the odds of seropositivity in the first survey, and of seroconversion between surveys, adjusting for age, sex, occupation, location, and assay sensitivity/specificity. Results: Of the 2005 participants (Karonga, n = 1005; Lilongwe, n = 1000), 55.8% were female and median age was 22.7 years. Between Surveys (SVY) 1 and 4, population-weighted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence increased from 26.3% to 89.2% and 46.4% to 93.9% in Karonga and Lilongwe, respectively. At SVY4, seroprevalence did not differ by COVID-19 vaccination status in adults, except for those aged 30+ years in Karonga (unvaccinated: 87.4%, 95% credible interval 79.3-93.0%; two doses: 98.1%, 94.8-99.5%). Location and age were associated with seroconversion risk. Individuals with hybrid immunity had higher SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and antibody titers, than those infected. Conclusion: High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence combined with low morbidity and mortality indicate that universal vaccination is unnecessary at this stage of the pandemic, supporting change in national policy to target at-risk groups.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The national distribution of lymphatic filariasis cases in Malawi using patient mapping and geostatistical modelling.
- Author
-
Carrie Barrett, John Chiphwanya, Square Mkwanda, Dorothy E Matipula, Paul Ndhlovu, Limbikani Chaponda, Joseph D Turner, Emanuele Giorgi, Hannah Betts, Sarah Martindale, Mark J Taylor, Jonathan M Read, and Louise A Kelly-Hope
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundIn 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that Malawi had successfully eliminated lymphatic filariasis (LF) as a public health problem. Understanding clinical case distributions at a national and sub-national level is important, so essential care packages can be provided to individuals living with LF symptoms. This study aimed to develop a national database and map of LF clinical cases across Malawi using geostatistical modelling approaches, programme-identified clinical cases, antigenaemia prevalence and climate information.MethodologyLF clinical cases identified through programme house-to-house surveys across 90 sub-district administrative boundaries (Traditional Authority (TA)) and antigenaemia prevalence from 57 sampled villages in Malawi were used in a two-step geostatistical modelling process to predict LF clinical cases across all TAs of the country. First, we modelled antigenaemia prevalence in relation to climate covariates to predict nationwide antigenaemia prevalence. Second, we modelled clinical cases for unmapped TAs based on our antigenaemia prevalence spatial estimates.Principle findingsThe models estimated 20,938 (95% CrI 18,091 to 24,071) clinical cases in unmapped TAs (70.3%) in addition to the 8,856 (29.7%), programme-identified cases in mapped TAs. In total, the overall national number of LF clinical cases was estimated to be 29,794 (95% CrI 26,957 to 32,927). The antigenaemia prevalence and clinical case mapping and modelling found the highest burden of disease in Chikwawa and Nsanje districts in the Southern Region and Karonga district in the Northern Region of the country.ConclusionsThe models presented in this study have facilitated the development of the first national LF clinical case database and map in Malawi, the first endemic country in sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights the value of using existing LF antigenaemia prevalence and clinical case data together with modelling approaches to produce estimates that may be used for the WHO dossier requirements, to help target limited resources and implement long-term health strategies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Determining the distance patterns in the movements of future doctors in UK between 2002 and 2015: a retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
Jonathan M Read, Colin Melville, Luigi Sedda, Daniel Thomas Smith, Lucy Hitchings, and Ben Fleet
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective To determine and identify distance patterns in the movements of medical students and junior doctors between their training locations.Design A retrospective cohort study of UK medical students from 2002 to 2015 (UKMED data).Setting All UK medical schools, foundations and specialty training organisation.Participants All UK medical students from 2002 to 2015, for a total of 97 932 participants.Outcome measures Individual movements and number of movements by county of students from family home to medical school training, from medical school to foundation training and from foundation to specialty training.Methods Leslie matrix, principal components analysis, Gini coefficient, χ2 test, generalised linear models and variable selection methods were employed to explore the different facets of students’ and junior doctors’ movements from the family home to medical school and for the full pathway (from family home to specialty training).Results The majority of the movements between the different stages of the full pathway were restricted to a distance of up to 50 km; although the proportion of movements changed from year-to-year, with longer movements during 2007–2008. At the individual level, ethnicity, socioeconomic class of the parent(s) and the deprivation score of the family home region were found to be the most important factors associated with the length of the movements from the family home to medical school. Similar results were found when movements were aggregated at the county level, with the addition of factors such as gender and qualification at entry (to medical school) being statistically associated with the number of new entrant students moving between counties.Conclusion Our findings show that while future doctors do not move far from their family home or training location, this pattern is not homogeneous over time. Distances are influenced by demographics, socioeconomic status and deprivation. These results may contribute in designing interventions aimed at solving the chronic problems of maldistribution and underdoctoring in the UK.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Assessing the use of minimally invasive self-sampling at home for long-term monitoring of the microbiota within UK families
- Author
-
E. Nikolaou, E. L. German, A. Howard, H. M. Nabwera, A. Matope, R. Robinson, F. Shiham, K. Liatsikos, C. McNamara, S. Kattera, K. Carter, C. M. Parry, J. M. Read, S. J. Allen, B. C. Urban, D. B. Hawcutt, H. Hill, A. M. Collins, and D. M. Ferreira
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Monitoring the presence of commensal and pathogenic respiratory microorganisms is of critical global importance. However, community-based surveillance is difficult because nasopharyngeal swabs are uncomfortable and painful for a wide age range of participants. We designed a methodology for minimally invasive self-sampling at home and assessed its use for longitudinal monitoring of the oral, nasal and hand microbiota of adults and children within families. Healthy families with two adults and up to three children, living in and near Liverpool, United Kingdom, self-collected saliva, nasal lining fluid using synthetic absorptive matrices and hand swabs at home every two weeks for six months. Questionnaires were used to collect demographic and epidemiological data and assess feasibility and acceptability. Participants were invited to take part in an exit interview. Thirty-three families completed the study. Sampling using our approach was acceptable to 25/33 (76%) families, as sampling was fast (76%), easy (76%) and painless (60%). Saliva and hand sampling was acceptable to all participants of any age, whereas nasal sampling was accepted mostly by adults and children older than 5 years. Multi-niche self-sampling at home can be used by adults and children for longitudinal surveillance of respiratory microorganisms, providing key data for design of future studies.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Strengthening quality in sexual, reproductive, maternal, and newborn health systems in low- and middle-income countries through midwives and facility mentoring: an integrative review
- Author
-
Rondi Anderson, Sojib Bin Zaman, Abdun Naqib Jimmy, Jonathan M Read, and Mark Limmer
- Subjects
Midwives ,Mentoring ,Maternity care ,Quality ,Health systems strengthening ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Background There is an urgent global call for health systems to strengthen access to quality sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn and adolescent health, particularly for the most vulnerable. Professional midwives with enabling environments are identified as an important solution. However, a multitude of barriers prevent midwives from fully realizing their potential. Effective interventions to address known barriers and enable midwives and quality sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn and adolescent health are less well known. This review intends to evaluate the literature on (1) introducing midwives in low- and middle-income countries, and (2) on mentoring as a facilitator to enable midwives and those in midwifery roles to improve sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn and adolescent health service quality within health systems. Methods An integrative systematic literature review was conducted, guided by the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome framework. Articles were reviewed for quality and relevance using the Gough weight-of-evidence framework and themes were identified. A master table categorized articles by Gough score, methodology, country of focus, topic areas, themes, classification of midwives, and mentorship model. The World Health Organization health systems building block framework was applied for data extraction and analysis. Results Fifty-three articles were included: 13 were rated as high, 36 as medium, and four as low according to the Gough criteria. Studies that focused on midwives primarily highlighted human resources, governance, and service delivery while those focused on mentoring were more likely to highlight quality services, lifesaving commodities, and health information systems. Midwives whose pre-service education met global standards were found to have more efficacy. The most effective mentoring packages were comprehensive, integrated into existing systems, and involved managers. Conclusions Effectively changing sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn and adolescent health systems is complex. Globally standard midwives and a comprehensive mentoring package show effectiveness in improving service quality and utilization. Trial registration The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022367657).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Inverting the deficit model in global mental health: An examination of strengths and assets of community mental health care in Ghana, India, Occupied Palestinian territories, and South Africa
- Author
-
Kaaren Mathias, Noah Bunkley, Pooja Pillai, Kenneth A. Ae-Ngibise, Lily Kpobi, Dan Taylor, Kaustubh Joag, Meenal Rawat, Weeam Hammoudeh, Suzan Mitwalli, Ashraf Kagee, Andre van Rensburg, Dörte Bemme, Rochelle A. Burgess, Sumeet Jain, Hanna Kienzler, and Ursula M. Read
- Subjects
Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2024
13. Indel driven rapid evolution of core nuclear pore protein gene promoters
- Author
-
David W. J. McQuarrie, Adam M. Read, Frannie H. S. Stephens, Alberto Civetta, and Matthias Soller
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Nuclear pore proteins (Nups) prominently are among the few genes linked to speciation from hybrid incompatibility in Drosophila. These studies have focused on coding sequence evolution of Nup96 and Nup160 and shown evidence of positive selection driving nucleoporin evolution. Intriguingly, channel Nup54 functionality is required for neuronal wiring underlying the female post-mating response induced by male-derived sex-peptide. A region of rapid evolution in the core promoter of Nup54 suggests a critical role for general transcriptional regulatory elements at the onset of speciation, but whether this is a general feature of Nup genes has not been determined. Consistent with findings for Nup54, additional channel Nup58 and Nup62 promoters also rapidly accumulate insertions/deletions (indels). Comprehensive examination of Nup upstream regions reveals that core Nup complex gene promoters accumulate indels rapidly. Since changes in promoters can drive changes in expression, these results indicate an evolutionary mechanism driven by indel accumulation in core Nup promoters. Compensation of such gene expression changes could lead to altered neuronal wiring, rapid fixation of traits caused by promoter changes and subsequently the rise of new species. Hence, the nuclear pore complex may act as a nexus for species-specific changes via nucleo-cytoplasmic transport regulated gene expression.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Career intentions of medical students in the UK: a national, cross-sectional study (AIMS study)
- Author
-
Richard J Samworth, Rita Horvath, sukhdev Singh, Imogen Milner, Jenny Yang, Emma Hitchcock, Daniel MaGee, William Thompson, Emma Slack, Wentin Chen, Alexandra Thomas, Tomas Ferreira, Anson Wong, Kavyesh Vivek, Ellena Leigh, Riya Patel, Guilherme Movio, Tushar Rakhecha, Alexander M Collins, Oliver Feng, Mario K Teo, Crispin C Wigfield, Dania Al-Hashimi, Maeve K Mulchrone, Alisha Pervaiz, Heather A Lewis, Florence Gilks, Charlotte Casteleyn, Sara Kidher, Erin Fitzsimons-West, Tanzil Rujeedawa, Meghna Sreekumar, Eliza Wade, Juel Choppy-Madeleine, Yasemin Durmus, Olivia King, Yu Ning Ooi, Malvi Shah, Tan Jih Yih, Samantha Burley, Basma R Khan, Rishik S Pilla, Vaishvi Dalal, Brennan L Gibson, Emma Westwood, Brandon S H Low, Sara R Sabur, Maryam A Malik, Safa Razzaq, Amardeep Sidki, Giulia Cianci, Felicity Greenfield, Sajad Hussain, Annie Harrison, Hugo Bernie, Luke Dcaccia, Linnuel J Pregil, Olivia Rowe, Ananya Jain, Gregory K Anyaegbunam, Syed Z Jafri, Arthur Handscomb, Sudhanvita Arun, Alfaiya Hashmi, Ankith Pandian, Joseph R Nicholson, Hannah Layton-Joyce, Kouther Mohsin, Matilda Gardener, Eunice C Y Kwan, Emily R Finbow, Sakshi Roy, Zoe M Constantinou, Mackenzie Garlick, Clare L Carney, Samantha Gold, Bilal Qureshi, Grace Annetts, Tamara Magallon-McGeorge, Khyatee Shah, Kholood T Munir, Timothy Neill, Gurpreet K Atwal, Anesu Kusosa, Anthony Vijayanathan, Mia Mäntylä, Momina Iqbal, Sara Raja, Muhammad H Shah, Pranjil Pokharel, Ashna Anil, Kate Stenning, Katie Appleton, Keerthana Uthayakumar, Rajan Panacer, Yasmin Owadally, Dilaxiha Rajendran, Harsh S Modalavalasa, Marta M Komosa, Morea Turjaka, Sruthi Saravanan, Amelia Dickson, Jack M Read, Georgina Cooper, Wing Chi Do, Chiamaka Anthony-Okeke, Daria M Bageac, David C W Loh, Rida Khan, Ruth Omenyo, Aidan Baker, Manon Everard, Wajiha Rahman, Denis Chen, Michael E Bryan, Shama Maliha, Amber Dhoot Vera Onongaya, Catherine L Otoibhi, Harry Donkin-Everton, Mia K Whelan, Claudia S F Hobson, Anthony Haynes, Joshua Bayes-Green, Mariam S Malik, Subanki Srisakthivel, Sophie Kidd, Alan Saji, Govind Dhillon, Muhammed Asif, Jessica L Marshall, Nain T Raja, Tawfique Rizwan, Aleksandra Dunin-Borkowska, James Brawn, Karthig Thillaivasan, Zainah Sindhoo, Ayeza Akhtar, Kelly Fletcher, Lok Pong Cheng, Medha Pillaai, Sakshi Garg, Wajahat Khan, Ria Bhatt Ben Sweeney, Madison Slight, Adan MI Chew, Cameron Thurlow, Kriti Yadav, Niranjan Rajesh, Nathan-Dhruv Mistry, Alyssa Weissman, Juan FE Jaramillo, Gregor W Abercromby, Emily Gaskin, Chloe Milton, Matthew Kokkat, Momina Hussain, Nana A Ohene-Darkoh, Syeda T Islam, Anushruti Yadav, Eve Richings, Samuel Foxcroft, Vivek Sivadev, Harriet Charlton, James A Cairn, Julia Shaaban, Leah Njenje, Mark J Bishop, Humairaa Ismail, Sarah L Henderson, Daniel C Chalk, Daniel J Mckenna, Fizah Hasan, Kanishka Saxena, Iona E Gibson, and Saad Dosani
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective To determine current UK medical students’ career intentions after graduation and on completing the Foundation Programme (FP), and to ascertain the motivations behind these intentions.Design Cross-sectional, mixed-methods survey of UK medical students, using a non-random sampling method.Setting All 44 UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.Participants All UK medical students were eligible to participate. The study sample consisted of 10 486 participants, approximately 25.50% of the medical student population.Outcome measures Career intentions of medical students postgraduation and post-FP, motivations behind these career intentions, characterising the medical student population and correlating demographic factors and propensity to leave the National Health Service (NHS).Results The majority of participating students (8806/10 486, 83.98%) planned to complete both years of the FP after graduation, with under half of these students (4294/8806, 48.76%) intending to pursue specialty training thereafter. A subanalysis of career intentions after the FP by year of study revealed a significant decrease in students’ intentions to enter specialty training as they advanced through medical school. Approximately a third of surveyed students (3392/10 486, 32.35%) intended to emigrate to practise medicine, with 42.57% (n=1444) of those students not planning to return. In total, 2.89% of students intended to leave medicine altogether (n=303). Remuneration, work-life balance and working conditions were identified as important factors in decision-making regarding emigration and leaving the profession. Subgroup analyses based on gender, type of schooling, fee type and educational background were performed. Only 17.26% of surveyed students were satisfied or very satisfied with the overall prospect of working in the NHS.Conclusions The Ascertaining the career Intentions of UK Medical Students study highlights UK students’ views and career intentions, revealing a concerning proportion of those surveyed considering alternative careers or emigration. Addressing factors such as remuneration, work-life balance and working conditions may increase retention of doctors and improve workforce planning efforts.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The impact of professional midwives and mentoring on the quality and availability of maternity care in government sub-district hospitals in Bangladesh: a mixed-methods observational study
- Author
-
Rondi Anderson, Anna Williams, Nicole Jess, Jonathan M. Read, and Mark Limmer
- Subjects
ICM standard midwives ,Mentorship ,Quality of care ,Respectful maternity care ,Bangladesh ,Health system strengthening ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Background This study compared government sub-district hospitals in Bangladesh without globally standard midwives, with those with recently introduced midwives, both with and without facility mentoring, to see if the introduction of midwives was associated with improved quality and availability of maternity care. In addition, it analysed the experiences of the newly deployed midwives and the maternity staff and managers that they joined. Methods This was a mixed-methods observational study. The six busiest hospitals from three pre-existing groups of government sub-district hospitals were studied; those with no midwives, those with midwives, and those with midwives and mentoring. For the quantitative component, observations of facility readiness (n = 18), and eight quality maternity care practices (n = 641) were carried out using three separate tools. Willing maternity staff (n = 237) also completed a survey on their knowledge, perceptions, and use of the maternity care interventions. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to identify differences between the hospital types. The qualitative component comprised six focus groups and 18 interviews involving midwives, other maternity staff, and managers from the three hospital types. Data were analysed using an inductive cyclical process of immersion and iteration to draw out themes. The quantitative and qualitative methods complemented each other and were used synergistically to identify the study’s insights. Results Quantitative analysis found that, of the eight quality practices, hospitals with midwives but no mentors were significantly more likely than hospitals without midwives to use three: upright labour (94% vs. 63%; OR = 22.57, p = 0.001), delayed cord clamping (88% vs. 11%; OR = 140.67, p
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Coughs, colds and 'freshers’ flu' survey in the University of Cambridge, 2007–2008
- Author
-
Ken T.D. Eames, Maria L. Tang, Edward M. Hill, Michael J. Tildesley, Jonathan M. Read, Matt J. Keeling, and Julia R. Gog
- Subjects
University setting ,Observational survey ,Transmission dynamics ,Sociological factors ,Influenza-like illness ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Universities provide many opportunities for the spread of infectious respiratory illnesses. Students are brought together into close proximity from all across the world and interact with one another in their accommodation, through lectures and small group teaching and in social settings. The COVID-19 global pandemic has highlighted the need for sufficient data to help determine which of these factors are important for infectious disease transmission in universities and hence control university morbidity as well as community spillover. We describe the data from a previously unpublished self-reported university survey of coughs, colds and influenza-like symptoms collected in Cambridge, UK, during winter 2007–2008. The online survey collected information on symptoms and socio-demographic, academic and lifestyle factors. There were 1076 responses, 97% from University of Cambridge students (5.7% of the total university student population), 3% from staff and
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Participant perceptions and experiences of a novel community-based respiratory longitudinal sampling method in Liverpool, UK: A mixed methods feasibility study.
- Author
-
Esther L German, Helen M Nabwera, Ryan Robinson, Farah Shiham, Kostas Liatsikos, Christopher M Parry, Claire McNamara, Sanjana Kattera, Katie Carter, Ashleigh Howard, Sherin Pojar, Joshua Hamilton, Agnes Matope, Jonathan M Read, Stephen J Allen, Helen Hill, Daniel B Hawcutt, Britta C Urban, Andrea M Collins, Daniela M Ferreira, and Elissavet Nikolaou
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Longitudinal, community-based sampling is important for understanding prevalence and transmission of respiratory pathogens. Using a minimally invasive sampling method, the FAMILY Micro study monitored the oral, nasal and hand microbiota of families for 6 months. Here, we explore participant experiences and opinions. A mixed methods approach was utilised. A quantitative questionnaire was completed after every sampling timepoint to report levels of discomfort and pain, as well as time taken to collect samples. Participants were also invited to discuss their experiences in a qualitative structured exit interview. We received questionnaires from 36 families. Most adults and children >5y experienced no pain (94% and 70%) and little discomfort (73% and 47% no discomfort) regardless of sample type, whereas children ≤5y experienced variable levels of pain and discomfort (48% no pain but 14% hurts even more, whole lot or worst; 38% no discomfort but 33% moderate, severe, or extreme discomfort). The time taken for saliva and hand sampling decreased over the study. We conducted interviews with 24 families. Families found the sampling method straightforward, and adults and children >5y preferred nasal sampling using a synthetic absorptive matrix over nasopharyngeal swabs. It remained challenging for families to fit sampling into their busy schedules. Adequate fridge/freezer space and regular sample pick-ups were found to be important factors for feasibility. Messaging apps proved extremely effective for engaging with participants. Our findings provide key information to inform the design of future studies, specifically that self-sampling at home using minimally invasive procedures is feasible in a family context.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Long term intrinsic cycling in human life course antibody responses to influenza A(H3N2): an observational and modeling study
- Author
-
Bingyi Yang, Bernardo García-Carreras, Justin Lessler, Jonathan M Read, Huachen Zhu, C Jessica E Metcalf, James A Hay, Kin O Kwok, Ruiyun Shen, Chao Q Jiang, Yi Guan, Steven Riley, and Derek A Cummings
- Subjects
influenza ,antibody ,dynamics ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background: Over a life course, human adaptive immunity to antigenically mutable pathogens exhibits competitive and facilitative interactions. We hypothesize that such interactions may lead to cyclic dynamics in immune responses over a lifetime. Methods: To investigate the cyclic behavior, we analyzed hemagglutination inhibition titers against 21 historical influenza A(H3N2) strains spanning 47 years from a cohort in Guangzhou, China, and applied Fourier spectrum analysis. To investigate possible biological mechanisms, we simulated individual antibody profiles encompassing known feedbacks and interactions due to generally recognized immunological mechanisms. Results: We demonstrated a long-term periodicity (about 24 years) in individual antibody responses. The reported cycles were robust to analytic and sampling approaches. Simulations suggested that individual-level cross-reaction between antigenically similar strains likely explains the reported cycle. We showed that the reported cycles are predictable at both individual and birth cohort level and that cohorts show a diversity of phases of these cycles. Phase of cycle was associated with the risk of seroconversion to circulating strains, after accounting for age and pre-existing titers of the circulating strains. Conclusions: Our findings reveal the existence of long-term periodicities in individual antibody responses to A(H3N2). We hypothesize that these cycles are driven by preexisting antibody responses blunting responses to antigenically similar pathogens (by preventing infection and/or robust antibody responses upon infection), leading to reductions in antigen-specific responses over time until individual’s increasing risk leads to an infection with an antigenically distant enough virus to generate a robust immune response. These findings could help disentangle cohort effects from individual-level exposure histories, improve our understanding of observed heterogeneous antibody responses to immunizations, and inform targeted vaccine strategy. Funding: This study was supported by grants from the NIH R56AG048075 (DATC, JL), NIH R01AI114703 (DATC, BY), the Wellcome Trust 200861/Z/16/Z (SR), and 200187/Z/15/Z (SR). This work was also supported by research grants from Guangdong Government HZQB-KCZYZ-2021014 and 2019B121205009 (YG and HZ). DATC, JMR and SR acknowledge support from the National Institutes of Health Fogarty Institute (R01TW0008246). JMR acknowledges support from the Medical Research Council (MR/S004793/1) and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/N014499/1). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Social mixing patterns in the UK following the relaxation of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, July–August 2020: a cross-sectional online survey
- Author
-
Chris Jewell, Jonathan M Read, and Jessica RE Bridgen
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objectives To quantify and characterise non-household contact and to identify the effect of shielding and isolating on contact patterns.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting and participants Anyone living in the UK was eligible to take part in the study. We recorded 5143 responses to the online questionnaire between 28 July 2020 and 14 August 2020.Outcome measures Our primary outcome was the daily non-household contact rate of participants. Secondary outcomes were propensity to leave home over a 7 day period, whether contacts had occurred indoors or outdoors locations visited, the furthest distance travelled from home, ability to socially distance and membership of support bubble.Results The mean rate of non-household contacts per person was 2.9 d-1. Participants attending a workplace (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 3.33, 95% CI 3.02 to 3.66), self-employed (aIRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.87) or working in healthcare (aIRR 5.10, 95% CI 4.29 to 6.10) reported significantly higher non-household contact rates than those working from home. Participants self-isolating as a precaution or following Test and Trace instructions had a lower non-household contact rate than those not self-isolating (aIRR 0.58, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.79). We found limited evidence that those shielding had reduced non-household contacts compared with non-shielders.Conclusion The daily rate of non-household interactions remained lower than prepandemic levels measured by other studies, suggesting continued adherence to social distancing guidelines. Individuals attending a workplace in-person or employed as healthcare professionals were less likely to maintain social distance and had a higher non-household contact rate, possibly increasing their infection risk. Shielding and self-isolating individuals required greater support to enable them to follow the government guidelines and reduce non-household contact and therefore their risk of infection.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Transforming access to care for serious mental disorders in slums (the TRANSFORM Project): rationale, design and protocol
- Author
-
Swaran P. Singh, Sagar Jilka, Jibril Abdulmalik, Georgios Bouliotis, Rakesh Chadda, Olayinka Egbokhare, Rumana Huque, Gillian Lewando Hundt, Srividya Iyer, Obafemi Jegede, Neeru Khera, Richard Lilford, Jason Madan, Akinyinka Omigbodun, Olayinka Omigbodun, Tasneem Raja, Ursula M. Read, Bulbul Ashraf Siddiqi, Mamta Sood, Tanjir Rashid Soron, and Helal Uddin Ahmed
- Subjects
Serious mental illness ,collaboration ,faith and traditional healers ,low-and-middle-income countries ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
This paper introduces the TRANSFORM project, which aims to improve access to mental health services for people with serious and enduring mental disorders (SMDs – psychotic disorders and severe mood disorders, often with co-occurring substance misuse) living in urban slums in Dhaka (Bangladesh) and Ibadan (Nigeria). People living in slum communities have high rates of SMDs, limited access to mental health services and conditions of chronic hardship. Help is commonly sought from faith-based and traditional healers, but people with SMDs require medical treatment, support and follow-up. This multicentre, international mental health mixed-methods research project will (a) conduct community-based ethnographic assessment using participatory methods to explore community understandings of SMDs and help-seeking; (b) explore the role of traditional and faith-based healing for SMDs, from the perspectives of people with SMDs, caregivers, community members, healers, community health workers (CHWs) and health professionals; (c) co-design, with CHWs and healers, training packages for screening, early detection and referral to mental health services; and (d) implement and evaluate the training packages for clinical and cost-effectiveness in improving access to treatment for those with SMDs. TRANSFORM will develop and test a sustainable intervention that can be integrated into existing clinical care and inform priorities for healthcare providers and policy makers.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Influenza and other respiratory viral infections associated with absence from school among schoolchildren in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA: a cohort study
- Author
-
Jonathan M. Read, Shanta Zimmer, Charles Vukotich, Mary Lou Schweizer, David Galloway, Carrie Lingle, Gaby Yearwood, Patti Calderone, Eva Noble, Talia Quadelacy, Kyra Grantz, Charles Rinaldo, Hongjiang Gao, Jeanette Rainey, Amra Uzicanin, and Derek A. T. Cummings
- Subjects
Influenza, human ,Schools ,Child ,Prevention & Control ,Epidemiology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Information on the etiology and age-specific burden of respiratory viral infections among school-aged children remains limited. Though school aged children are often recognized as driving the transmission of influenza as well as other respiratory viruses, little detailed information is available on the distribution of respiratory infections among children of different ages within this group. Factors other than age including gender and time spent in school may also be important in determining risk of infection but have been little studied in this age group. Methods We conducted a cohort study to determine the etiology of influenza like illness (ILI) among 2519 K–12 students during the 2012–13 influenza season. We obtained nasal swabs from students with ILI-related absences. Generalized linear mixed-effect regressions determined associations of outcomes, including ILI and laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus infection, with school grade and other covariates. Results Overall, 459 swabs were obtained from 552 ILI–related absences. Respiratory viruses were found in 292 (63.6%) samples. Influenza was found in 189 (41.2%) samples. With influenza B found in 134 (70.9%). Rates of influenza B were significantly higher in grades 1 (10.1, 95% CI 6.8–14.4%), 2 (9.7, 6.6–13.6%), 3 (9.3, 6.3–13.2%), and 4 (9.9, 6.8–13.8%) than in kindergarteners (3.2, 1.5–6.0%). After accounting for grade, sex and self-reported vaccination status, influenza B infection risk was lower among kindergarteners in half-day programs compared to kindergarteners in full-day programs (OR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.08–0.45). Conclusions ILI and influenza infection is concentrated in younger schoolchildren. Reduced infection by respiratory viruses is associated with a truncated school day for kindergarteners but this finding requires further investigation in other grades and populations.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Childhood malaria case incidence in Malawi between 2004 and 2017: spatio-temporal modelling of climate and non-climate factors
- Author
-
James Chirombo, Pietro Ceccato, Rachel Lowe, Dianne J Terlouw, Madeleine C Thomson, Austin Gumbo, Peter J Diggle, and Jonathan M Read
- Subjects
Malaria ,Climate ,Statistical model ,Spatio-temporal ,Vectors ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Malaria transmission is influenced by a complex interplay of factors including climate, socio-economic, environmental factors and interventions. Malaria control efforts across Africa have shown a mixed impact. Climate driven factors may play an increasing role with climate change. Efforts to strengthen routine facility-based monthly malaria data collection across Africa create an increasingly valuable data source to interpret burden trends and monitor control programme progress. A better understanding of the association with other climatic and non-climatic drivers of malaria incidence over time and space may help guide and interpret the impact of interventions. Methods Routine monthly paediatric outpatient clinical malaria case data were compiled from 27 districts in Malawi between 2004 and 2017, and analysed in combination with data on climatic, environmental, socio-economic and interventional factors and district level population estimates. A spatio-temporal generalized linear mixed model was fitted using Bayesian inference, in order to quantify the strength of association of the various risk factors with district-level variation in clinical malaria rates in Malawi, and visualized using maps. Results Between 2004 and 2017 reported childhood clinical malaria case rates showed a slight increase, from 50 to 53 cases per 1000 population, with considerable variation across the country between climatic zones. Climatic and environmental factors, including average monthly air temperature and rainfall anomalies, normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) and RDT use for diagnosis showed a significant relationship with malaria incidence. Temperature in the current month and in each of the 3 months prior showed a significant relationship with the disease incidence unlike rainfall anomaly which was associated with malaria incidence at only three months prior. Estimated risk maps show relatively high risk along the lake and Shire valley regions of Malawi. Conclusion The modelling approach can identify locations likely to have unusually high or low risk of malaria incidence across Malawi, and distinguishes between contributions to risk that can be explained by measured risk-factors and unexplained residual spatial variation. Also, spatial statistical methods applied to readily available routine data provides an alternative information source that can supplement survey data in policy development and implementation to direct surveillance and intervention efforts.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Acceptability and Feasibility of Community Gardening Interventions for the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases among Indigenous Populations: A Scoping Review
- Author
-
Rosana Emmanuel, Ursula M. Read, Antonio Jose Grande, and Seeromanie Harding
- Subjects
Indigenous populations ,indigenous people ,nutrition ,NCDs ,community gardens ,He Pikinga Waiora ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Compared with non-Indigenous populations, Indigenous populations experience worse health across many outcomes, including non-communicable diseases, and they are three times more likely to live in extreme poverty. The objectives were to identify (1) the content, implementation, and duration of the intervention; (2) the evaluation designs used; (3) the outcomes reported; and (4) the enablers and the challenges. Using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a search of research databases and grey literature was conducted. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Papers reported on acceptability, nutrition knowledge, fruit and vegetable intake, self-efficacy, motivation, and preference concerning fruit and vegetable, diet, and gardening. No study measured all outcomes. All papers reported on acceptability, whether implicitly or explicitly. The evaluation used mostly pre- and post-intervention assessments. The effect of gardening on nutrition and gardening knowledge and fruit and vegetable intake was inconclusive, and was related to a general lack of robust evaluations. Applying the He Pikinga Waiora Framework, however, revealed strong evidence for community engagement, cultural centeredness, integrated knowledge translation and systems thinking in increasing the acceptability and feasibility of gardening in Indigenous communities. Despite environmental challenges, the evidence signaled that gardening was an acceptable intervention for the Indigenous communities.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Using Cognitive Work Analysis to Inform Agent-Based Modelling of Automated Driving.
- Author
-
Gemma J. M. Read, Paul M. Salmon, and Jason Thompson
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Outcomes of gynecologic cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international, multicenter, prospective CovidSurg-Gynecologic Oncology Cancer study
- Author
-
Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Benson, Ruth A., Bywater, Edward, Chaudhry, Daoud, Dawson, Brett E., Evans, Jonathan P., Glasbey, James C., Gujjuri, Rohan R., Heritage, Emily, Jones, Conor S., Kamarajah, Sivesh K., Khatri, Chetan, Khaw, Rachel A., Keatley, James M., Knight, Andrew, Lawday, Samuel, Li, Elizabeth, Mann, Harvinder S., Marson, Ella J., McLean, Kenneth A., Mckay, Siobhan C., Mills, Emily C., Pellino, Gianluca, Picciochi, Maria, Taylor, Elliott H., Tiwari, Abhinav, Simoes, Joana FF., Trout, Isobel M., Venn, Mary L., Wilkin, Richard JW., Bhangu, Aneel, Abbott, Tom EF., Abukhalaf, Sadi, Adamina, Michel, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Agarwal, Arnav, Akkulak, Murat, Alameer, Ehab, Alderson, Derek, Alakaloko, Felix, Albertsmeier, Markus, Alser, Osaid, Alshaar, Muhammad, Alshryda, Sattar, Arnaud, Alexis P., Augestad, Knut Magne, Ayasra, Faris, Azevedo, José, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K., Barlow, Emma, Beard, David, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Brar, Amanpreet, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Breen, Kerry A., Bretherton, Chris, Buarque, Igor Lima, Burke, Joshua, Caruana, Edward J., Chaar, Mohammad, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Christensen, Peter, Cox, Daniel, Cukier, Moises, Cunha, Miguel F., Davidson, Giana H., Desai, Anant, Di Saverio, Salomone, Drake, Thomas M., Edwards, John G., Elhadi, Muhammed, Emile, Sameh, Farik, Shebani, Fiore, Marco, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Ford, Samuel, Garmanova, Tatiana, Gallo, Gaetano, Ghosh, Dhruva, Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça, Grecinos, Gustavo, Griffiths, Ewen A., Gruendl, Magdalena, Halkias, Constantine, Harrison, Ewen M., Hisham, Intisar, Hutchinson, Peter J., Hwang, Shelley, Isik, Arda, Jenkinson, Michael D., Jonker, Pascal, MA Kaafarani, Haytham, Keller, Debby, Kolias, Angelos, Kruijff, Schelto, Lawani, Ismail, Lederhuber, Hans, Leventoglu, Sezai, Litvin, Andrey, Loehrer, Andrew, Löffler, Markus W., Lorena, Maria Aguilera, Modolo, Maria Marta, Major, Piotr, Martin, Janet, Mashbari, Hassan N., Mazingi, Dennis, Metallidis, Symeon, Mohan, Helen M., Moore, Rachel, Moszkowicz, David, Moug, Susan, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S., Maimbo, Mayaba, Negoi, Ionut, Niquen, Milagros, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Olivos, Maricarmen, Oussama, Kacimi, Outani, Oumaima, Parreno-Sacdalanm, Marie Dione, Pata, Francesco, Perez Rivera, Carlos Jose, Pinkney, Thomas D., van der Plas, Willemijn, Pockney, Peter, Qureshi, Ahmad, Radenkovic, Dejan, Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio, Richards, Toby, Roberts, Keith, Roslani, April C., Rutegård, Martin, Segura-Sampedro, Juan José, Santos, Irène, Satoi, Sohei, Sayyed, Raza, Schache, Andrew, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A., Seyi-Olajide, Justina O., Sharma, Neil, Shaw, Catherine A., Shaw, Richard, Shu, Sebastian, Soreide, Kjetil, Spinelli, Antonino, Stewart, Grant D., Sund, Malin, Sundar, Sudha, Tabiri, Stephen, Townend, Philip, Tsoulfas, Georgios, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H., Vidya, Raghavan, Vimalachandran, Dale, Warren, Oliver J., Wedderburn, Duane, Wright, Naomi, Booth, Lesley, Barker, Neil, Cooke, Shirley, Doré, Suzanne, Horwood, Nigel, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Weir, Carrie Tierney, Dajti I, Albania, C, Allemand, LA, Boccalatte, M, Figari, M, Lamm, J, Larrañaga, C, Marchitelli, F, Noll, D, Odetto, M, Perrotta, J, Saadi, L, Zamora, Ballester, A.M., KE, Tapper, N, Zeff, JI, Valenzuela, C, Alurralde, J, Anastasio, Perez de Nucci A, Apas, EL, Caram, D, Eskinazi, JP, Mendoza, M, Usandivaras, R, Badra, A, Esteban, JS, García, PM, García, JI, Gerchunoff, Lucchini, S.M., NIgra, M.A., L, Vargas, T, Hovhannisyan, A, Stepanyan, CE, Vasey, EGR, Watson, C, Ip, J, Kealey, CSH, Lim, S, Sengupta, S, Ward, E, Wong, T, Gould, R, Gourlay, B, Griffiths, S, Gananadha, M, McLaren, J, Cecire, N, Joshi, S, Salindera, A, Sutherland, JH, Ahn, G, Charlton, S, Chen, N, Gauri, R, Hayhurst, S, Jang, F, Jia, C, Mulligan, W, Yang, G, Ye, H, Zhang, M, Ballal, D, Gibson, D, Hayne, H, McMillan, J, Moss, MJ, Pugliese, T, Richards, YTN, Seow, A, Thian, P, Viswambaram, UG, Vo, J, Bennetts, T, Bright, Brooke-Smith, M., R, Fong, B, Gricks, L, Huang, YH, Lam, A, Nathan, Ong, B.S., E, Ooi, M, Szpytma, D, Watson, K, Bagraith, S, Caird, E, Chan, C, Dawson, D, Ho, N, Hui, S, Izwan, E, Jeyarajan, S, Jordan, R, Liang, A, Lim, GJ, Nolan, A, Oar, D, Parker, H, Puhalla, A, Quennell, L, Rutherford, C, Sommerville, P, Townend, Papen M, Von, M, Wullschleger, AC, Dawson, A, Drane, A, Blatt, D, Cope, N, Egoroff, M, Fenton, J, Gani, N, Lott, P, Pockney, N, Shugg, M, Elliott, D, Phung, D, Phan, D, Townend, C, Bong, J, Gundara, A, Frankel, S, Bowman, GR, Guerra, N, Gerns, S, McGeorge, A, Riddell, M, Roberts, N, Rukin, J, Bolt, K, Buddingh, Dudi-Venkata, N.N., S, Jog, HM, Kroon, T, Sammour, R, Smith, C, Stranz, M, Batstone, K, Lah, W, McGahan, D, Mitchell, A, Morton, A, Pearce, G, Sheahan, B, Swinson, A, Waldron, P, Walker, N, Alam, S, Banting, L, Chong, P, Choong, S, Clatworthy, D, Foley, A, Fox, MW, Hii, B, Knowles, J, Mack, M, Read, A, Rowcroft, G, Wright, EWY, Lun, M, Lanner, J, Burtscher, Trivik-Barrientos, F., I, Königsrainer, M, Bauer, C, Freyschlag, M, Kafka, F, Messner, D, Öfner, I, Tsibulak, S, Holawe, M, Zimmermann, K, Emmanuel, M, Grechenig, R, Gruber, M, Harald, L, Öhlberger, J, Presl, A, Wimmer, İ, Namazov, E, Samadov, D, Barker, R, Boyce, S, Corbin, A, Doyle, A, Eastmond, R, Gill, A, Haynes, S, Millar, M, O’Shea, G, Padmore, N, Paquette, E, Phillips, John S, St., K, Walkes, J, Abeloos, Backer T, De, Ceulaer J, De, C, Dick, Diez-Fraile, A., P, Lamoral, C, Spaas, W, Ceelen, P, Pattyn, D, Van de putte, Nieuwenhove Y, Van, Ramshorst G, Van, Willaert, W., Bazzett-Matabele, L., SP, Chiyapo, Ramogola-Masire, D., G, Ramontshonyana, A, Seiphetlheng, P, Vuylsteke, EA, Abdallah, Júnior S, Aguiar, G, Baiocchi, GB, Carvalho, FJF, Coimbra, LP, Kowalski, F, Makdissi, N, Marques, T, Marques, Santos S, Soares Dos, Gonçalves B, Tirapelli, JG, Vartanian, Reis R, Dos, P, Camara, Lima RK, De, Giustina E, Della, PV, Hoffmann, A, Gatti, C, Nardi, R, Oliva, L, Nacif, Ferro C, Carvalho, Ataíde G, Gomes Mendonça, Buarque I, Lima, A, Lira dos Santos Leite, Pol-Fachin, L., Bezerra T, Santos, Ramos da Silva A, Maylson, de Araújo Silvestre D, Windson, Barros A, Vieira, L, Campbell, Cicco R, De, I, Cecconello, P, Gregorio, Lima L, Pontual, Junior U, Ribeiro, FR, Takeda, RM, Terra, Teixeira M, Faccini, Kulcsar, M.A.V., LL, Matos, KS, Nunes, G, Laporte, M, Salem, Awada J, Barakat, TR, Ijichi, NJ, Kim, A, Marreiro, B, Muller, R, Nunes, B, Bodanese, ER, Eidt, JC, Isoton, Vieira da Cunha M, Lemos, de Sampaio L, Regina, C, Vendrame, M, Zeni, JA, Zortéa, MR, Zortéa, M, Sokolov, B, Kidane, S, Srinathan, A, Munro, L, Helyer, D, McKeen, M, Boutros, NG, Caminsky, G, Ghitulescu, G, Jamjoum, J, Moon, J, Pelletier, T, Vanounou, S, Wong, D, Cheng, SD, MacNeil, J, Martin, S, Dumitra, A, Kouyoumdjian, S, Schmid, J, Spicer, A, Agarwal, A, Brar, J, Dada, A, Dare, U, Hameed, F, Osman, B, Johnston, C, Russell, G, Groot, A, Persad, H, Pham, M, Wood, M, Ko, L, Rajendran, S, Demyttenaere, R, Garfinkle, C, Brown, A, Karimuddin, N, Lee, J, Liu, Kia T, Madani, Phang, P.T., M, Raval, K, Tom, Abou-Khalil, J., A, Martel, C, Nessim, J, Stevenson, Riyami S, Al, K, Bali, D, Bigam, K, Dajani, A, Dell, MM, Modolo, Nieto P, Ramirez, R, Sepulveda, A, Molero, A, Bolbaran, I, Ruiz, F, Heredia, F, Bellolio, N, Besser, E, Grasset, JO, Guaman, M, Inzunza, MJ, Irarrázaval, C, Jarry, Martinic M, Quintana, Altamirano C, Riquoir, Manqui CA, Romero, Esquide M, Ruiz, Añazco C, Vargas, A, Almeciga, A, Fletcher, A, Merchan, T, Quijano, D, Sanabria, Arias-Amézquita, F., C, Cétares, Murgueitio N, Cortes, Gomez-Mayorga, J.L., Herrera-Almario, G., J, Rodriguez, P, Iglesias, LO, Puentes, JA, Calvache, Orozco-Chamorro, C.M., DA, Rojas, Sánchez-Gómez, A., M, Abadia, J, Acosta, Aristizabal J, Angel, A, Bonilla, L, Caicedo, Quiroz PH, Calderon, Bonilla S, Cervera, S, Diaz, H, Facundo, Mora M, Garcia, O, Guevara, L, Guzman, Mora DR, Herrera, Ramirez LJ, Jimenez, C, Lehmann, E, Manrique, I, Mariño, M, Medina, Morales RE, Pinilla, A, Puerto, Horta J, Puerto, M, Quintero, Ferro M, Rey, A, Saénz, D, Santana, W, Serrano, O, Suescun, Sanchez LM, Trujillo, Cuasquen BG, Velasquez, Quevedo J , Bogota, Mendoza, G, Bačić, D, Karlović, D, Kršul, M, Zelić, I, Luksic, M, Mamic, I, Bacic, B, Bakmaz, I, Ćoza, E, Dijan, Z, Katusic, J, Mihanovic, D, Morović, I, Rakvin, H, Almezghwi, K, Arslan, H, Besim, A, Özant, N, Özçay, K, Frantzeskou, N, Gouvas, G, Kokkinos, P, Papatheodorou, I, Pozotou, O, Stavrinidou, A, Yiallourou, L, Martinek, M, Skrovina, M, Straka, I, Szubota, M, Peteja, J, Žatecký, V, Javurkova, J, Klat, S, Antony, T, Avlund, KD, Berg, M, Borre, P, Christensen, MC, Elkjær, A, Ernst, SK, Fensman, M, Haldrup, JL, Harbjerg, LH, Iversen, Jensen, P.T., TD, Jeppesen, DW, Kjaer, HØ, Kristensen, N, Lund, Axelsen S, Maigaard, M, Mekhael, N, Mikic, EB, Ostenfeld, AL, Ebbehøj, P, Krarup, N, Schlesinger, H, Smith, S, Batista, A, Crespo, PJ, Díaz, R, Rivas, Rodriguez-Abreu, J., N, Tactuk, Kassas M, El, W, Omar, A, Tawheed, M, Talaat, A, Abdelsamed, AY, Azzam, H, Salem, A, Seleim, A, Abdelmajeed, M, Abdou, NE, Abosamak, Sayed M, A.L., F, Ashoush, R, Atta, E, Elazzazy, M, Elnemr, Hewalla ME, Elsayed, I, Elsherbini, E, Essam, M, Ewedah, I, Ghallab, E, Hassan, M, Ibrahim, M, Metwalli, M, Mourad, Qatora, M.S., M, Ragab, A, Sabry, H, Saifeldin, A, Samih, Abdelaal A, Samir, S, Shehata, K, Shenit, D, Attia, N, Kamal, N, Osman, Abbas, A.M., Elazeem HAS, Abd, Abd-Elkariem, A.Y., MM, Abdelkarem, S, Alaa, M, Ashraf, A, Ayman, MG, Azizeldine, H, Elkhayat, Mashhour A, Emad, M, Gaber, HM, Hamza, I, Hawal, HF, Hetta, Ali A, K., S, M.elghazaly, MM, Mohammed, FA, Monib, Nageh, M.A., A, Saad, MM, Saad, M, Shahine, EA, Yousof, A, Youssef, El-Deeb, M., M, Fawzy, G, Ghaly, M, Ibraheem, A, Eldaly, E, Esmail, M, ElFiky, A, Nabil, M, Alrahawy, A, Sakr, H, Soliman, H, Soltan, G, Amira, I, Sallam, M, Sherief, A, Sherif, A, Abdelrahman, H, Aboulkassem, R, Hamdy, A, Morsi, G, Sherif, H, Abdeldayem, Salama I, Abdelkader, M, Balabel, Y, Fayed, AE, Sherif, R, Elmorsi, S, Emile, B, Refky, S, Abd-elsalam, H, Badr, M, Elbahnasawy, M, Elzoghby, M, Essa, Badr S, Gamal, A, Ghoneim, O, Hamad, M, Hamada, M, Hammad, A, Hawila, Morsy, M.S., S, Salman, S, Sarsik, K, Bekele, JH, Kauppila, E, Sarjanoja, O, Helminen, H, Huhta, C, Beyrne, L, Jouffret, L, Lugans, Marie-Macron, L., E, Chouillard, Simone B, De, F, Fredon, A, Roux, J, Bettoni, S, Dakpé, B, Devauchelle, N, Lavagen, S, Testelin, S, Boucher, R, Breheret, A, Gueutier, A, Kahn, Kün-Darbois, J., A, Barrabe, Z, Lakkis, A, Louvrier, S, Manfredelli, P, Mathieu, A, Chebaro, V, Drubay, M, El amrani, C, Eveno, K, Lecolle, G, Legault, L, Martin, G, Piessen, FR, Pruvot, S, Truant, P, Zerbib, Q, Ballouhey, B, Barrat, L, Fourcade, J, Laloze, H, Salle, A, Taibi, J, Tricard, J, Usseglio, D, Bergeat, A, Merdrignac, Roy B, Le, LO, Perotto, A, Scalabre, H, Gornes, C, Vaysse, K, Vergriete, A, Aimé, A, Ezanno, B, Malgras, AP, Arnaud, E, Fustec, V, Lavoue, C, Tesson, P, Bouche, S, Tzedakis, E, Cotte, O, Glehen, J, Lifante, L, Bendjemar, H, Braham, L, Charre, Arbi N, El, L, Morel-chevillet, A, Police, V, Villefranque, E, Volpin, A, D’Urso, E, Felli, D, Mutter, P, Pessaux, B, Seeliger, Y, Barbé, J, Bardet, E, Barret, R, Berry, G, Boddaert, S, Bonnet, E, Brian, N, Cathala, X, Cathelineau, C, Denet, D, Fuks, D, Gossot, M, Grigoroiu, A, Laforest, Levy-Zauberman, Y., Louis-Sylvestre, C., P, Macek, A, Mombet, A, Moumen, G, Pourcher, F, Rozet, Salas R, Sanchez, A, Seguin-givelet, E, Tribillon, V, Crenn, Vergie S, De, E, Duchalais, F, Espitalier, C, Ferron, H, Fragnaud, O, Malard, N, Regenet, J, Rigaud, Y, Varenne, D, Waast, U, Bork, M, Distler, J, Fritzmann, J, Kirchberg, C, Praetorius, C, Riediger, J, Weitz, T, Welsch, P, Wimberger, K, Beyer, C, Kamphues, J, Lauscher, FN, Loch, C, Schineis, M, Albertsmeier, M, Angele, A, Kappenberger, H, Niess, T, Schiergens, J, Werner, R, Becker, J, Jonescheit, J, Doerner, R, Seiberth, I, Pergolini, D, Reim, J, Herzberg, H, Honarpisheh, T, Strate, C, Boeker, I, Hakami, J, Mall, P, Liokatis, W, Smolka, N, Vassos, Mannheim, K, Nowak, T, Reinhard, F, Hölzle, A, Modabber, P, Winnand, M, Anthuber, E, Shiban, B, Sommer, F, Sommer, S, Wolf, H, Howaldt, M, Knitschke, P, Kauffmann, S, Wolfer, J, Kleeff, K, Lorenz, C, Michalski, U, Ronellenfitsch, Saale, Schneider R., E, Bertolani, A, Königsrainer, MW, Löffler, M, Quante, C, Steidle, L, Überrück, C, Yurttas, CS, Betz, J, Bewarder, A, Böttcher, S, Burg, C, Busch, M, Dreimann, KH, Frosch, M, Gosau, A, Heuer, J, Izbicki, TO, Klatte, D, Koenig, N, Moeckelmann, C, Nitschke, D, Perez, M, Priemel, A, Reiter, R, Smeets, U, Speth, M, Stangenberg, S, Thole, FG, Uzunoglu, L, Viezens, T, Vollkommer, N, Zeller, MJ, Battista, K, Gillen, A, Hasenburg, S, Krajnak, VC, Linz, R, Schwab, Amo-Antwi, K., A, Appiah-kubi, T, Konney, A, Tawiah, S, Boatey, A, Issaka, Korsah, M.A., M, Sheriff, K, Angelou, D, Haidopoulos, A, Rodolakis, P, Antonakis, K, Bramis, L, Chardalias, I, Contis, N, Dafnios, D, Dellaportas, G, Fragulidis, A, Gklavas, M, Konstadoulakis, N, Memos, I, Papaconstantinou, A, Polydorou, T, Theodosopoulos, A, Vezakis, MI, Antonopoulou, DK, Manatakis, N, Tasis, N, Arkadopoulos, N, Danias, P, Economopoulou, M, Frountzas, P, Kokoropoulos, A, Larentzakis, N, Michalopoulos, C, Nastos, S, Parasyris, E, Pikoulis, J, Selmani, T, Sidiropoulos, P, Vassiliu, K, Bouchagier, S, Klimopoulos, D, Paspaliari, G, Stylianidis, D, Akrivou, K, Baxevanidou, K, Bouliaris, P, Chatzikomnitsa, G, Delinasios, C, Doudakmanis, M, Efthimiou, A, Giaglaras, C, Kalfountzos, C, Kolla, G, Koukoulis, K, Zervas, S, Zourntou, I, Baloyiannis, A, Diamantis, E, Gkrinia, J, Hajiioannou, C, Korais, O, Koukoura, K, Perivoliotis, A, Saratziotis, C, Skoulakis, D, Symeonidis, K, Tepetes, G, Tzovaras, D, Zacharoulis, V, Alexoudi, K, Antoniades, I, Astreidis, P, Christidis, D, Deligiannidis, T, Grivas, O, Ioannidis, I, Kalaitsidou, L, Loutzidou, A, Mantevas, D, Michailidou, E, Nikolaidou, S, Papadopoulou, K, Paraskevopoulos, S, Politis, A, Stavroglou, D, Tatsis, I, Tilaveridis, K, Vahtsevanos, G, Venetis, I, Karaitianos, T, Tsirlis, K, Dinas, Margioula-Siarkou, C., S, Petousis, E, Baili, A, Charalabopoulos, T, Liakakos, D, Schizas, E, Spartalis, A, Syllaios, C, Zografos, C, Anthoulakis, Christou, C.D., V, Papadopoulos, A, Tooulias, D, Tsolakidis, G, Tsoulfas, D, Zouzoulas, E, Athanasakis, E, Chrysos, I, Tsiaoussis, S, Xenaki, E, Xynos, Duarte A, Barrios, Muralles I, Lopez, MJ, Lowey, AL, Portilla, G, Recinos, JYK, Chan, Chan, S.M., CCN, Chong, K, Futaba, Ho, M.F., SF, Hon, RWH, Lau, TWC, Mak, CF, Ng, CSH, Ng, KKC, Ng, SSM, Ng, AYB, Teoh, JY, Teoh, CC, Foo, B, Banky, N, Suszták, S, Misra, P, Pareek, JR, Vishnoi, S, Ambre, V, Balasubiramaniyan, P, Chappity, I, Chaudhary, L, Colney, MK, Das, M, Imaduddin, A, Jain, SK, Jena, M, Kar, S, Mandal, A, Mishra, SS, Mishra, TS, Mishra, JK, Mitra, Y, Mittal, DK, Muduly, P, Nayak, PK, Parida, P, Pradhan, DK, Rajan, E, Rebba, DK, Samal, A, Singh, M, Sultania, SP, Agarwal, A, Agrawal, RK, Arora, J, Chaturvedi, PK, Garg, A, Gaurav, A, Gupta, Seenivasagam R, Kottayasamy, Maharaj, D.D., KS, Majumdar, N, Mishra, A, Mittal, TA, Narain, R, Nirjhar, DR, Poonia, S, Sadhasivam, MP, Singh, AR, Tiwari, AK, Akula, SK, Bandegudda, RP, Bindlish, A, Chaitanya, Rao LM, Chandrasekhara, P, Dalakoti, S, Dasu, A, Giridhar, NB, Gorijavolu, RR, Iyer, Y, Jayakarthik, GT, Jonathan, Kalla, M.B., Y, Kheni, CS, Kumar, SA, Murtuza, CCK, Naidu, RK, Nalukurthi, HO, Nemade, S, Nusrath, SC, Patnaik, KVVN, Raju, PR, Ramalingam, KV, Rao, BK, Rayani, Kallam, Reddy, SRR, Reddy, AR, Saksena, JA, Sebastian, RM, Sharma, SR, Thammineedi, A, Krishnamurthy, S, Madhupriya, A, Raja, Chennai, Ramakrishnan AS., UK, Dutt, Ghosh, D.N., S, Grewal, P, Hans, Haque, P.D., R, Jain, Kingsley, P.A., A, Mahajan, K, Mandrelle, V, Michael, P, Mukherjee, A, Varghese, SS, Varghese, SK, Veetil, P, Gaikwad, AJ, George, James, S.M., MR, Jesudason, R, Mittal, M, Moorthy, J, Riju, A, Sebastian, S, Sen, S, Singh, D, Sreekar, V, Thomas, DK, Titus, HS, Yezzaji, M, Aggarwal, P, Dhamija, A, Kumar, MM, Chisthi, G, Gejoe, D, Gopakumar, VV, Kollengode, KG, Kuttanchettiyar, I, Yadev, A, Balasubramanian, L, Chaturvedula, K, Dharanipragada, R, Kalayarasan, R, Manikandan, P, Penumadu, B, Lakshminarayana, S, Mathew, PV, Reddihalli, S, Shivdas, N, Akhtar, A, Chaturvedi, S, Gupta, V, Kumar, S, Rajan, N, Agrawal, P, Ahluwalia, A, Arora, Batra-Modi, K., M, Biswas, H, Chaturvedi, G, Gautam, M, Jain, S, Jain, S, Kumar, R, Nayyar, A, Tiwari, Rangappa V, Bhushan, A, Kadapathri, T, Kolur, R, Pethkar, V, Pillai, G, Popli, J, Sharma, V, Shetty, N, Subramaniam, J, Williams, P, Agarwal, V, Agarwal, A, Baghel, DB, Sharma, A, Silodia, KN, Singh, SK, Yadav, G, Aziz, N, Chowdri, A, Mehraj, FQ, Parray, ZA, Shah, RA, Wani, Z, Ahmed, RS, Bali, Bhat, M.A., AR, Laharwal, M, Mahmood, IS, Mir, J, Muzamil, FA, Najar, A, Rashid, MH, Rather, M, Zaieem, G, Aggarwal, V, Agrawal, A, Ahmed, R, Ahmed, J, Bhaumik, A, Ghosh, D, Jain, PV, Jain, V, Kewlani, A, Pipara, S, Shakya, A, Sharma, R, Thambudorai, RA, Badwe, G, Bakshi, U, Chandankhede, V, Chaudhari, D, Chaukar, G, Chitkara, B, Dash, A, Deshmukh, deSoouza A, A, Gulia, A, Maheshwari, A, Moiyadi, D, Nair, NS, Nair, D, Niyogi, M, Pal, D, Pandey, S, Patkar, P, Poddar, CS, Pramesh, A, Puri, A, Saklani, P, Shetty, SV, Shrikhande, TS, Shylasree, V, Singh, S, Thiagarajan, AA, Islam, G, Kembuan, H, Pajan, F, Rahim, Milan P, Brouki, M, Mozafari, Tavirani M, Rezaei, A, Tizmaghz, H, Safari, M, Aremu, Canas-Martinez, A., O, Cullivan, C, Murphy, P, Owens, L, Pickett, L, Akmenkalne, J, Byrne, M, Corrigan, C, Cullinane, A, Daly, C, Fleming, P, Jordan, MY, Kayyal, S, Killeen, N, Lynch, A, McCarthy, H, Mustafa, S, O’Brien, P, O’Leary, WAS, Syed, L, Vernon, F, O'Duffy, A, McHugh, T, Moran, D, Callanan, A, Dias, A, Ionescu, P, Sheahan, I, Balasubramanian, M, Boland, E, Carrington, K, Conlon, D, Evoy, J, Fagan, N, Fearon, T, Gallagher, E, Geary, J, Geraghty, A, Hanly, H, Heneghan, N, Kennedy, R, Kennelly, D, Maguire, ST, Martin, D, McCartan, EW, McDermott, D, McPartland, KC, Ng, RS, Prichard, T, Stafford, D, Winter, D, Alazawi, C, Barry, T, Boyle, W, Butt, E, Connolly, N, Donlon, C, Donohue, Fahey, B.A., R, Farrell, C, Fitzgerald, J, Kinsella, J, Larkin, P, Lennon, PJ, Maguire, P, Mccormick, BJ, Mehigan, H, Mohan, TS, Nugent, H, O’Sullivan, N, Ravi, JV, Reynolds, A, Rogers, P, Shokuhi, J, Smith, LA, Smith, C, Timon, Y, Bashir, G, Bass, T, Connelly, B, Creavin, H, Earley, JA, Elliott, A, Gillis, D, Kavanagh, A, Madden, RP, Manecksha, P, Neary, C, O’Connell, J, O’riordan, IS, Reynolds, D, Rice, P, Ridgway, A, Thomas, M, Umair, M, Whelan, P, Carroll, C, Collins, K, Corless, L, Finnegan, AL, Fowler, A, Hogan, M, Kerin, A, Lowery, P, McAnena, K, McKevitt, E, Nugent, É, Ryan, JC, Coffey, RM, Cunningham, M, Devine, Nally, D.M., C, Peirce, S, Tormey, N, Hardy, S, O’Malley, M, Ryan, V, Gaziants, Deutch R, Gold, R, Lavy, Kalmovich-Muallem, L., O, Zmora, S, Macina, NM, Mariani, E, Opocher, Ceretti A, Pisani, F, Ferrari, F, Odicino, E, Sartori, C, Cotsoglou, S, Granieri, F, Bianco, A, Camillo’, M, Colledan, S, Tornese, Zambelli, M.F., G, Bissolotti, S, Fusetti, F, Lemma, M, Marino, MV, Marino, A, Mirabella, G, Vaccarella, G, Sena, C, Agostini, G, Alemanno, I, Bartolini, C, Bergamini, A, Bruscino, C, Checcucci, Vincenti R, De, Bella A, Di, M, Fambrini, L, Fortuna, G, Maltinti, P, Muiesan, F, Petraglia, P, Prosperi, Ringressi, M.N., M, Risaliti, F, Sorbi, A, Taddei, R, Tucci, C, Bassi, L, Bortolasi, T, Campagnaro, L, Casetti, S, Conci, Pastena M, De, A, Esposito, M, Fontana, A, Guglielmi, L, Landoni, G, Malleo, G, Marchegiani, S, Nobile, S, Paiella, C, Pedrazzani, S, Rattizzato, A, Ruzzenente, R, Salvia, G, Turri, M, Tuveri, DF, Altomare, V, Papagni, A, Picciariello, P, Bellora, G, D’Aloisio, M, Ferrari, E, Francone, S, Gentilli, H, Nikaj, L, Andreani, M, Bianchini, R, Capanna, M, Caretto, M, Chiarugi, F, Coccolini, C, Cremonini, Franco G, Di, L, Domenici, N, Furbetta, A, Gadducci, S, Garibaldi, D, Gianardi, A, Giannini, S, Guadagni, L, Morelli, S, Musetti, M, Palmeri, A, Perutelli, T, Simoncini, D, Tartaglia, G, Anania, P, Carcoforo, M, Chiozza, Troia A, De, Radica M, Koleva, M, Portinari, MG, Sibilla, A, Urbani, N, Fabbri, CV, Feo, S, Gennari, S, Parini, E, Righini, L, Ampollini, Arcuri, M.F., L, Bellanti, M, Bergonzani, G, Bertoli, G, Bocchialini, L, Cattelani, G, D’Angelo, F, Gussago, D, Lanfranco, E, Manigrasso, L, Musini, T, Poli, S, Polotto, GP, Santoro, A, Varazzani, L, Aguzzoli, V, Annessi, G, Borgonovo, Ruiz C, Castro, S, Coiro, G, Falco, VD, Mandato, V, Mastrofilippo, Montella, M.T., M, Zizzo, U, Grossi, S, Novello, M, Romano, S, Rossi, G, Zanus, G, Esposito, F, Frongia, A, Pisanu, M, Podda, C, Belluco, A, Lauretta, G, Montori, L, Moras, Irccs, Olivieri M., Aviano, F, Bussu, AG, Carta, ML, Cossu, P, Cottu, A, Fancellu, CF, Feo, GC, Ginesu, G, Giuliani, M, Madonia, T, Perra, A, Piras, A, Porcu, D, Rizzo, Scanu, A.M., A, Tedde, M, Tedde, A, Aversano, F, Carbone, P, Delrio, Lauro K, Di, Bucci A, Fares, D, Rega, G, Spiezio, G, Pirozzolo, A, Recordare, C, Vignotto, G, Badalamenti, G, Campisi, A, Cordova, M, Franza, G, Maniaci, G, Rinaldi, F, Toia, M, Calabrò, F, Farnesi, EG, Lunghi, A, Muratore, Federico NS, Pipitone, G, D’Andrea, P, Familiari, V, Picotti, Palma G, De, G, Luglio, G, Pagano, FP, Tropeano, B, Antonelli, L, Baldari, GA, Beltramini, L, Boni, E, Cassinotti, A, Gianni’, L, Pignataro, G, Rossi, S, Torretta, C, Abatini, M, Baia, D, Biasoni, G, Bogani, P, Cadenelli, V, Capizzi, SPB, Cioffi, D, Citterio, LV, Comini, M, Cosimelli, M, Fiore, S, Folli, M, Gennaro, L, Giannini, A, Gronchi, M, Guaglio, A, Macchi, F, Martinelli, V, Mazzaferro, A, Mosca, S, Pasquali, C, Piazza, F, Raspagliesi, L, Rolli, R, Salvioni, G, Sarpietro, C, Sarre, L, Sorrentino, A, Agnes, S, Alfieri, F, Belia, A, Biondi, M, Cauteruccio, V, Cozza, D, D’Ugo, Simone V, De, A, Fagotti, G, Gasparini, L, Gordini, F, Litta, CP, Lombardi, L, Lorenzon, G, Maccauro, AA, Marra, F, Marzi, A, Moro, A, Parello, E, Perrone, R, Persiani, C, Ratto, F, Rosa, G, Saponaro, G, Scambia, O, Scrima, G, Sganga, R, Tudisco, R, Vitiello, A, Ziranu, A, Belli, V, Granata, F, Izzo, R, Palaia, R, Patrone, FM, Carrano, MM, Carvello, Virgilio A, De, Candido F, Di, F, Ferreli, F, Gaino, G, Mercante, V, Rossi, A, Spinelli, G, Spriano, PMDD, Santos, Nardi C, De, Donati, D.M., T, Frisoni, E, Palmerini, A, Aprile, F, Barra, P, Batistotti, S, Ferrero, P, Fregatti, A, Massobrio, D, Pertile, S, Scabini, D, Soriero, M, Sparavigna, L, Adamoli, M, Ansarin, S, Cenciarelli, F, Chu, Berardinis R, De, Romario U, Fumagalli, F, Mastrilli, G, Pietrobon, M, Tagliabue, E, Badellino, N, Biglia, Piat F, Chiado’, A, Ferrero, R, Massobrio, Garberini A, De Manzoni, F, Mazzotti, F, Pasini, G, Ugolini, R, Barone, SL, Birolo, M, Caccetta, A, Deirino, M, Garino, M, Grasso, C, Marafante, A, Masciandaro, E, Moggia, S, Mungo, A, Murgese, E, Raggio, P, Federico, P, Maida, E, Marra, G, Marte, A, Petrillo, T, Tammaro, A, Tufo, M, Berselli, G, Borroni, E, Cocozza, L, Conti, M, Desio, L, Livraghi, V, Marchionni, V, Quintodei, A, Rizzi, C, Baldi, C, Corbellini, GM, Sampietro, P, Bordoni, G, Clarizia, F, Fleres, M, Franzini, A, Grechi, A, Longhini, A, Spolini, P, Cellerino, E, Galfrascoli, G, Iacob, E, Baldini, P, Capelli, Isolani, S.M., M, Ribolla, A, Bondurri, F, Colombo, L, Ferrario, C, Guerci, A, Maffioli, T, Armao, M, Ballabio, P, Bisagni, A, Gagliano, M, Longhi, M, Madonini, P, Pizzini, Baietti, A.M., M, Biasini, P, Maremonti, F, Neri, GM, Prucher, S, Ricci, F, Ruggiero, AG, Zarabini, H, Impellizzeri, M, Inama, G, Moretto, R, Barmasse, S, Mochet, A, Usai, P, Incollingo, M, Giacometti, S, Zonta, Cosentino L, Marino, A, Sagnotta, C, Dell’Oro, R, Fruscio, T, Grassi, S, Negri, LC, Nespoli, N, Tamini, B, Zambetti, A, Anastasi, B, Bartalucci, A, Bellacci, G, Canonico, L, Capezzuoli, Martino C, Di, P, Ipponi, C, Linari, M, Montelatici, T, Nelli, G, Spagni, L, Tirloni, A, Vitali, E, Abate, M, Casati, T, Casiraghi, L, Laface, M, Schiavo, A, Arminio, A, Cotoia, V, Lizzi, F, Vovola, R, Vergari, S, D’Ugo, N, Depalma, Spampinato, M.G., A, Annicchiarico, F, Catena, M, Giuffrida, G, Perrone, G, Baronio, F, Carissimi, M, Montuori, E, Pinotti, P, Bartolucci, B, Binda, G, Brachini, P, Bruzzaniti, A, Chiappini, V, Chiarella, F, Ciccarone, PM, Cicerchia, B, Cirillo, D, Crocetti, Toma G, De, A, Di bartolomeo, G, Duranti, E, Fiori, GB, Fonsi, G, Franco, A, Frati, M, Giugliano, I, Iannone, Torre F, La, P, Lapolla, C, Leonardo, G, Marruzzo, S, Meneghini, A, Mingoli, D, Ribuffo, M, Salvati, A, Santoro, P, Sapienza, AK, Scafa, L, Simonelli, G, Zanacana, M, Zambon, E, Zuppi, GT, Capolupo, F, Carannante, M, Caricato, G, Mascianà, E, Mazzotta, A, Gattolin, M, Migliore, R, Rimonda, D, Sasia, E, Travaglio, A, Chessa, A, Fiorini, C, Norcini, G, Colletti, M, Confalonieri, A, Costanzi, C, Frattaruolo, G, Mari, M, Monteleone, A, Bandiera, L, Bocciolone, G, Bonavina, M, Candiani, G, Candotti, Nardi P, De, F, Gagliardi, M, Medone, P, Mortini, G, Negri, P, Parise, M, Piloni, P, Sileri, A, Vignali, A, Belvedere, P, Bernante, P, Bertoglio, S, Boussedra, E, Brunocilla, M, Cervellera, M, Cescon, R, Cipriani, G, Cisternino, Crescenzo E, De, Iaco P, De, Gaudio M, Del, G, Dondi, M, Droghetti, G, Germinario, A, Gori, F, Frio, E, Jovine, Bianchi F, Mineo, D, Morezzi, J, Neri, D, Parlanti, Perrone, A.M., AP, Pezzuto, M, Pignatti, V, Pinto, G, Poggioli, M, Ravaioli, M, Rottoli, IS, Russo, L, Sartarelli, R, Schiavina, M, Serenari, M, Serra, P, Solli, V, Tonini, M, Taffurelli, M, Tanzanu, M, Tesei, T, Violante, S, Zanotti, F, Borghi, D, Cianflocca, Grimaldi S, Di Maria, D, Donati, E, Gelarda, P, Geretto, G, Giraudo, MC, Giuffrida, F, Maione, A, Marano, S, Palagi, L, Pellegrino, C, Peluso, S, Giaccardi, V, Testa, F, Agresta, D, Prando, M, Zese, F, Aquila, C, Gambacciani, L, Lippa, F, Pieri, OS, Santonocito, G, Armatura, G, Bertelli, A, Frena, P, Marinello, F, Notte, S, Patauner, G, Scotton, S, Fulginiti, G, Gallo, G, Sammarco, G, Vescio, P, Balercia, L, Catarzi, G, Consorti, ELG, Asti, D, Bernardi, L, Bonavina, A, Lovece, Marzo F, Di, H, Fujiwara, D, Hashimoto, S, Yamaki, T, Yamamoto, H, Daiko, M, Ishikawa, K, Ishiyama, S, Iwata, K, Kanematsu, Y, Kanemitsu, T, Kato, A, Kawai, E, Kobayashi, Kato M, Kobayashi, K, Moritani, M, Nakagawa, F, Nakatani, J, Oguma, Y, Tanase, M, Uno, T, Hada, H, Iwahashi, M, Miyamoto, J, Suminokura, M, Takano, K, Fujiwara, N, Fujiwara, A, Kurosaki, H, Ababneh, Abdallah M, Al, F, Ayasra, Y, Ayasra, F, Hammad, A, Qasem, Za’nouneh FJ, Abu, Al-Shraideh, A.A., T, Fahmawee, A, Hmedat, A, Ibrahim, K, Obeidat, Al S, Abdel, Jalil R, Abdel, Chaar MK, Abou, Al-Masri, M., Al-Najjar, H., F, Alawneh, O, Alsaraireh, M, Elayyan, R, Ghanem, I, Lataifeh, I, Fakhradiyev, T, Saliev, S, Tanabayeva, H, Almahmeed, S, Almazeedi, S, Alsabah, M, Jamal, N, Aldokali, O, Senossi, Subhi, M.T., M, Algallai, S, Alwarfly, S, AlZAEDE., M, Gahwagi, M, Moftah, M, Abusannoga, A, Alawami, M, Alawami, M, Albashri, A, Malek, D, Burgan, E, Kamoka, AI, Kilani, A, Salamah, A, Shuwayyah, M, Abdelkabir, I, Altomi, M, Altoumi, A, Bouhuwaish, A, Elmabri, M, Omar, AS, Taher, E, Abdulwahed, E, Alshareea, N, Aribi, S, Aribi, M, Biala, R, Ghamgh, M, Morgom, SAA, Alansari, Z, Aldayri, A, Alsoufi, A, Elhadi, F, Elhajdawe, I, Ellojli, AAD, ERgebi, A, Kredan, A, Msherghi, T, Nagib, A, Abudher, K, Alshareef, F, Elamin, S, Bradulskis, E, Dainius, E, Kubiliute, J, Kutkevičius, A, Parseliunas, A, Subocius, D, Venskutonis, F, Rasoaherinomenjanahary, JB, Razafindrahita, LH, Samison, EC, Ong, Maei N, Abdul, CW, Ngo, S, Ramasamy, KH, Hamdan, MR, Ibrahim, JA, Tan, MR, Thanapal, E, Choong, RZM, Lim, Sahid N, Amin, F, Hayati, J, Jayasilan, RK, Sriram, S, Subramaniam, AF, Ibrahim, A, Che jusoh, AH, Hussain, Sidek AS, Mohamed, Yunus, Mohd, JY, Soh, MP, Wong, AD, Zakaria, Z, Zakaria, N, Kampan, Azman ZA, Mohd, Azurah AG, Nur, AA, Zainuddin, AN, Fadzli, NQ, Fathi, PS, Koh, YT, Liew, AC, Roslani, CY, Tang, LY, Teoh, WJ, Wong, R, Xavier, AS, Yahaya, MR, Alvarez, R, Arrangoiz, F, Cordera, De la Rosa Abaroa, M.A., Gómez-Pedraza, A., R, Hernandez, Maffuz-Aziz, A., JA, Posada, Lupián-Angulo, A.I., Martínez CE, Soulé, Hasan Z, Aboharp, C, ALvarado Silva, Soto A, Bazan, Rubio A, Hernández, Villanueva X, Jiménez, LR, Otoniel, Duran EE, Sosa, García FC, Becerra, Melchor-Ruan, J., Bañuelos E, Romero, Vilar-Compte, D., Alfaro-Goldaracena, A., GA, Buerba, Castillejos-Molina, R.A., C, Chan, Dominguez-Rosado, I., Medina-Franco, H., MÁ, Mercado, Oropeza-Aguilar, M., Portugal E, Peña Gómez, Posadas-Trujillo, O.E., Rodriguez-Covarrubias, F., Salgado-Nesme, N., M, Vilatoba, Y, Arkha, H, Bechri, Ouahabi A, El, MY, Oudrhiri, Azhari A, El, Louraoui, S.M., M, Rghioui, M, Bougrine, F, Derkaoui hassani, N, El abbadi, L, Amrani, ZH, Belkhadir, A, Benkabbou, O, Chakib, Ahmadi B, El, Bouazizi Y, El, H, Essangri, A, Ghannam, Majbar, A.M., R, Mohsine, A, Souadka, ABJ, Borgstein, SS, Gisbertz, Henegouwen MI (Amsterdam UMC, Van Berge, Amsterdam, Cancer Center, Amsterdam, University of, R, Hompes, Praag EM, Meima-van, A, Pronk, S, Sharabiany, B, Grotenhuis, L, Hartveld, S, Reijers, Van Houdt, W., J, Baaij, Eenennaam M, Bolster-van, Graaff M, De, D, Sloothaak, Duijvendijk P, Van, LDA, Ebben, SZ, Kuiper, J, Melenhorst, M, Poeze, NRF, Sluijpers, LAA, Vaassen, Posma-Bouman, L., T, Derksen, J, Franken, S, Oosterling, Bree R, De, J, Konsten, Heinsbergen M, Van, A, Adeyeye, A, Akinmade, E, Enoch, S, Fayose, P, Abur, L, Fidelis, SE, Nwabuoku, N, Oyelowo, TT, Sholadoye, Tolani, M.A., J, Olaogun, H, Abiyere, I, Adebara, A, Adeniyi, O, Adeyemo, O, Babalola, A, Bakare, O, Banjo, A, Okunlola, A, Adeniran, K, Atobatele, G, Eke, O, Faboya, A, Ogunyemi, O, Omisanjo, O, Oshodi, Y, Oshodi, O, Williams, A, Ademuyiwa, B, Afolabi, O, Akinajo, F, Alakaloko, O, Atoyebi, O, Balogun, O, Belie, C, Bode, George I, Chibuike, O, Elebute, Ladipo-Ajayi, O., E, Ohazurike, A, Okunowo, TO, Olajide, Seyi-Olajide, J., A, Daniel, IK, Egbuchulem, TA, Lawal, O, Nwaorgu, O, Ogundoyin, D, Olulana, P, Onakoya, O, Oyelakin, H, Abdullahi, E, Agida, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, O., H, Ajibola, G, Akaba, AS, Sani, J, Chinda, Y, Dawang, S, Garba, P, Mshelbwala, J, Obande, S, Olori, A, Olute, O, Osagie, Ogolekwu I, Pius, A, Umar, Abdur-Rahman, L., N, Adeleke, I, Aremu, J, Bello, O, Olasehinde, A, Popoola, HO, Raji, JG, Massoud, R, Massoud, TM, Sorour, J, Abassy, K, Ahmed, A, Alvi, M, Arshad, S, Khan, A, Pirzada, A, Saleem, T, Siddiqui, K, Turk, F, Hanif, M, Haroon, MI, Khan, A, Jamal, AA, Kerawala, AS, Memon, Ahmed R, Nafees, L, Rai, S, Javed, U, Mahmood, RK, Shabbir, E, Yaqoob, A, Afzal, Riaz S, Ahmed, A, Akbar, AA, Ali, G, Ali, A, Janjua, M, Mohsin, SA, Naqi, I, Saleem, A, Shaukat, M, Sohail, Afzal, M.F., MI, Khokhar, F, Latif, B, Ayub, N, Hassan, RS, Martins, P, Ramesh, R, Sayyed, M, Ayyaz, U, Butt, M, Kashif, WH, Khan, AU, Qureshi, M, Umar, Farooka M, Waris, T, Wasim, ABH, Bhatti, A, Ayubi, I, Rashid, SH, Waqar, Al-Slaibi, I., Alzeerelhouseini H, I.A., F, Jobran, SA, Abukhalaf, E, Arrue, M, Cukier, Rodriguez-Zentner, H., Borda-Luque, G., Palacios JL, León, G, Lizzetti, Ojeda XP, Vasquez, Pacheco GM, Falcon, R, Robles, R, Jocson, C, Teh, Magadia E, Uy, P, Major, M, Bąk, K, Dubieńska, A, Ławnicka, D, Murawa, M, Bobiński, J, Kotarski, Rasoul-Pelińska, K., A, Brociek, A, Chloupek, M, Janik, P, Kowalewski, A, Kwiatkowski, P, Panasiewicz, R, Roszkowski, P, Rot, P, Sroczyński, M, Walędziak, C, Azevedo, D, Machado, F, Mendes, Sousa X, De, U, Fernandes, C, Ferreira, G, Guidi, C, Leal, A, Marçal, R, Marques, D, Martins, A, Melo, N, Tenreiro, Pereira R, Vaz, B, Vieira, JI, Almeida, Almeida-Reis, R., de Sá T, Correia, MJMA, Costa, V, Fernandes, I, Ferraz, da Cruz L, Lima, da Silva C, Lima, L, Lopes, N, Machado, J, Marialva, Coelho M, Nunes, J, Pedro, C, Pereira, A, Ribeiro, CG, Ribeiro, R, Santos, P, Saraiva, RL, Silva, F, Tavares, M, Teixeira, P, Valente, AC, Almeida, MJ, Amaral, R, Andrade, Nemésio R, Athayde, D, Breda, C, Camacho, C, Canhoto, M, Colino, S, Correia, M, Costa, Barros J, De, López AL, De Oliveira, M, Duque, S, Garrido, P, Guerreiro, A, Guimarães, A, Lázaro, C, Lopes, R, Martins, O, Nogueira, A, Oliveira, JM, Oliveira, M, Rodrigues, A, Ruivo, E, Santos, M, Silva, J, Simões, da Costa A, Valente, A, Almeida, Rodrigues S, Castanheira, Leitão de Carvalho AS, Cavaleiro, V, Devezas, CS, Faria, F, Jácome, Maia M, Magalhães, J, Nogueiro, A, Pereira, Pereira-Neves, A., Pina-Vaz, T., Santos-Sousa, H., H, Silveira, S, Vaz, P, Vieira, da Costa A, Gomes, Antunes I, Lobo, J, Pinto, A, Tojal, N, Cardoso, P, Cardoso, JC, Domingues, P, Henriques, MI, Manso, G, Martins dos Santos, H, Morais, R, Pereira, T, Revez, R, Ribeiro, Ribeiro, VI, A, Soares, S, Sousa, J, Teixeira, E, Amorim, VH, Baptista, Cunha, M.F., B, Dias, A, Fazenda, Neves JP, Melo, F, Policarpo, da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Sampaio, II, D, Veiga, JP, Bandovas, N, Borges, A, Branquinho, B, Chumbinho, J, Correia, H, Fidalgo, de Barros I, Figueiredo, S, Frade, J, Gomes, da Silva Andrade A, Kam, J, Maciel, Rodrigues A, Pereira, S, Pina, N, Silva, Nunes I, Silveira, R, Sousa, J, Ascensão, P, Azevedo, B, Costeira, C, Cunha, R, Garrido, H, Gomes, I, Lourenço, G, Mendinhos, P, Miranda, Pinto A, Nobre, Ferreira M, Peralta, J, Ribeiro, Rodrigues L, Rio, Fernandes M, Sousa, J, Azevedo, D, Galvão, AC, Soares, A, Vieira, B, Patrício, Lopes AC, Vieira Paiva, R, Cunha, A, Faustino, A, Freitas, Oliveira B, Jacob, Martins, A.B., JR, Mendes, R, Parreira, J, Rosa, M, Teves, da Silva A, Abreu, M, Claro, Santos D, Costa, AC, Deus, JV, Grilo, Borges F, Castro, Real J, Corte, S, Henriques, MJ, Lima, Costa P, Matos, Joao A, Alagoa, R, Camarneiro, I, Capunge, M, Fragoso, J, Frazão, A, Martins, V, Pedro, R, Pera, de Almeida F, Ramalho, Soares A, Sampaio, R, Vale, M, Vasconcelos, da Silva F, Brito, A, Caiado, F, Fonseca, M, Ângelo, JM, Baiao, Jordão D, Martins, Caroço T, Vieira, J, Messias, A, Millan, I, Salgado, P, Santos, C, Baía, R, Canotilho, Correia, A.M., Pinto AP, Ferreira, M, Peyroteo, JF, Videira, P, Escobar, Santiago M, Maldonado, R, Kassir, F, Sauvat, E, Bonci, V, Gata, S, Titu, C, Bezede, A, Chitul, E, Ciofic, D, Cristian, F, Grama, L, Pirtea, C, Secosan, C, Ciubotaru, I, Negoi, VM, Negoita, B, Stoica, O, Ginghina, N, Iordache, RV, Iosifescu, M, Mardare, RM, Mirica, A, Spanu, Văcărașu, A.B., M, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton, T, Garmanova, E, Kazachenko, D, Markaryan, S, Rodimov, P, Tsarkov, I, Tulina, A, Abelevich, A, Bazaev, AK, Kokobelyan, Yanishev, A., A, Litvin, Y, Litvina, A, Provozina, M, Agapov, E, Galliamov, V, Kakotkin, V, Kubyshkin, E, Semina, А, Камалов, A, Novikova, A, Zakharenko, M, Alshahrani, F, Alsharif, M, Eskander, Raddadi R, Al, S, Majrashi, A, Mashat, N, Akeel, M, Alharthi, M, Aljiffry, M, Basendowah, A, Farsi, M, Ghunaim, A, Khoja, A, Maghrabi, N, Malibary, M, Nassif, A, Nawawi, A, Samkari, N, Trabulsi, Azab M, A., M, Aldosri, A, Alghanem, A, Alguraigari, K, ALjohani, D, Alqahtani, TM, Alzaidi, A, Basyouni, E, Elhussain, H, Jaloun, I, Mudawi, M, Shafei, Awwad S, Al, M, Alghamdi, T, Alnumani, M, Nasser, A, Said bayazeed, S, Abdelrhman, S, Awad, S, Ghedan, Sharara M, I., A, Mashaly, M, Aburahmah, Otaibi F, Al, I, Al-alem, Al-Badawi, I.A., H, AlDahash, N, Alhazzaa, A, Alhefdhi, B, Alhelal, K, AlKattan, O, Almalik, A, Alomair, O, Alomar, NH, Alotaibi, F, Alresaini, O, Alrifai, M, Alsakka, R, Alsalamah, M, Alsemari, S, Alsobhi, T, AlSumai, F, Farrash, P, Khan, Z, Mahasin, E, Othman, R, Pant, H, Robaidi, W, Saleh, M, Shaheen, P, Spangenberg, S, Velagapudi, Habes H, Al, A, Alamri, S, Alkarak, M, Alqannas, M, Alyami, M, Alzamanan, Cortés-Guiral, D., A, Elawad, H, Adi, F, Al ahmad, Ayed A, Al, A, Al zahrani, Y, Alalawi, Y, Alishi, B, Alqahtani, O, AlAamer, L, Alriyees, N, Alselaim, J, Alfaifi, N, Alkreedees, SN, Almutrafi, M, Alramadhan, A, Alshitwi, J, D’Souza, A, Abdulkareem, A, Ajlan, K, Akkour, Al-Habib, A., Al-Khayal, K., A, Alatar, A, Alburakan, H, Alhalal, B, Alhassan, N, Alhassan, F, Aljassir, O, Alobeed, A, Alsaif, F, Alsaif, S, Alshammari, I, Alshaygy, M, Barry, Nasser A, Bin, Traiki T, Bin, A, Bokhari, S, Elwatidy, H, Helmi, A, Madkhali, T, Nouh, Rabah, P.D., A, Zubaidi, Amri A, Al, F, Abdulfattah, Hasan I, Al, Al-Kharashi, E., F, Alanazi, F, Albaqami, A, Alghamdi, A, Alghuliga, F, Aljaber, K, Alsowaina, A, Alsuhaibani, N, Arab, F, Badahdah, S, Alobaysi, A, Alshahrani, A, Alzahrani, I, Paunovic, N, Slijepcevic, L, Aleksić, A, Antic, G, Barisic, M, Ceranic, K, Ebrahimi, D, Galun, Ž, Grubač, N, Ivanović, J, Jelenkovic, D, Kecmanović, S, Kmezić, D, Knezevic, Z, Krivokapic, S, Latinčić, V, Markovic, S, Matić, M, Miladinov, M, Pavlov, I, Pejovic, D, Radenkovic, P, Sabljak, O, Skrobić, V, Šljukić, B, Tadic, J, Vasljević, D, Velickovic, M, Zivanovic, K, Doklestic, P, Gregoric, N, Ivancevic, Z, Loncar, D, Micic, M, Perovic, L, Srbinovic, S, Andrijasevic, T, Bozanovic, Popovic R, Cerovic, M, Dokic, T, Janjic, K, Jeremic, S, Kadija, Likic I, Ladjevic, L, Mirkovic, S, Pantovic, I, Pilic, M, Radojevic, A, Stefanovic, S, Vidakovic, Z, Vilendecic, S, Antic, D, Dunđerović, D, Jelovac, Z, Jezdic, V, Konstantinovic, B, Kotlar, C, Kuzmanovic, M, Lazić, S, Pajić, M, Petrovic, F, Popovic, A, Pucar, M, Romic, S, Sumrak, V, Vujanac, V, Bascarevic, I, Bogdanovic, D, Grujičić, R, Ilic, M, Jokovic, M, Milićević, F, Milisavljević, A, Miljković, A, Paunovic, V, Šćepanović, A, Stanimirovic, M, Todorovic, M, Folic, A, Jotic, Trivic S, Krejovic, J, Milovanovic, A, Trivic, U, Bumbasirevic, Z, Dzamic, B, Kajmaković, N, Prijović, M, Zivkovic, M, Buta, A, Cvetkovic, I, Djurisic, S, Gacic, M, Goran, Z, Inic, N, Jeftic, M, Jevric, V, Jokic, I, Markovic, M, Milanović, S, Nikolic, L, Pejnovic, N, Savković, I, Spurnic, D, Stevic, D, Stojiljkovic, N, Vucic, M, Zegarac, A, Karamarkovic, M, Kenic, B, Kovacevic, I, Krdzic, V, Milutinović, G, Savic, CW, Chan, B, Lieske, B, Gális, K, Šimko, A, Cokan, B, Crnobrnja, A, Dovnik, J, Knez, M, Pakiž, N, Almgla, M, Bernon, A, Boutall, L, Cairncross, G, Chinnery, A, Herman, T, Hilton, E, Jonas, C, Kloppers, F, Malherbe, W, Mugla, D, Nel, S, Rayamajhi, M, Scriba, Wyngaard T, Van, J, Vogel, Castaño-Leon, A.M., Fernandez J, Delgado, Fernandez C, Eiriz, Segura-Illa M, Espino, Sinovas O, Esteban, Perez D, Garcia, P, Gomez, Jimenez-Roldan, L., A, Lagares, Moreno-Gomez, L., I, Paredes, Núñez A, Pérez, Aniceto G, Sánchez, Alegret M, Santas, Rodríguez P, Fernández, Señorans M, Paniagua García, Sanchez-Santos, R., V, Vigorita, E, Acrich, Sanfeliu E, Baena, O, Barrios, T, Golda, C, Santanach, Serrano-Navidad, M., Grifell M, Sorribas, RV, Vives, Gil J, Arce, D, Escolà, A, Jiménez, JA, Alcázar, Angoso-Clavijo, M., Blanco-Antona, F., Carabias-Orgaz, A., Maag R, Díaz, Larrea M, Eguía, Velasco C, Esteban, J, Garcia, García-Plaza, A.G.P., Gonzalez-Muñoz, J.I., Muñoz-Bellvis, L., Parreño-Manchado, F.C., Tocino JM, Sánchez, Sanchez-Casado, A.B., J, Trebol, Gutierrez J, Hernandez, Zamora A, Tébar, Mozo A, Sánchez, Paniagua L, Cayetano, Fernandez L, Gomez, E, Artigues, Bernal-Sprekelsen, J.C., Bauset JC, Catalá, Gilabert-Estellés, J., P, Collera, Del Gobbo R, Diaz, Font R, Farre, Clotet R, Flores, Díaz CJ, Gómez, N, Guàrdia, CA, Guariglia, A, Osorio, Jimenez R, Sanchez, L, Sanchon, Montesinos C, Soto, Martin B, Albi, Villayzán JE, García, Alonso-Lamberti, L., M, Assaf, Pintado N, Baeza, A, Carabias, García-Quijada, J., Fernandez, Huertas, Miramón J, Jimenez, V, Jimenez, JM, Jover, Agüero SA, Landeo, R, Leon, Martín Salamanca, M.B., Simón V, Pérez, S, Ponce, JL, Rodriguez, A, Salazar, Rubio A, Valle, H, Aguado, Ansorregui I, Aldecoa, Infante R, Bravo, Lacy FB, De, Somma A, Di, Díaz-Feijoo, B., Nora J, Enseñat, N, Fabregas, A, Ferrés, Ibañez B, Gil, Sanchez JJ, Gonzalez, I, Gracia, Castro JA, Hoyos, Lacy, A.M., C, Langdon, D, Momblán, X, Morales, L, Oleaga, A, Otero, L, Pedrosa, Carrizo J, Poblete, Figueroa LA, Reyes, Roldan Ramos, P., Rumia-Arboix, J., Tercero-Uribe, A.I., TE, Topczewski, J, Torales, A, Torne, R, Torné, Turrado-Rodriguez, V., R, Valero, S, Valverde, R, Anula, R, Avellana, Rodríguez E, Camarero, Garza V, Catalán, J, Dziakova, Alonso M, García, Martínez B, Lasses, Antoñanzas L, López, JM, Muguerza, S, Ochagavía, Soria MJ, Peña, Rivera-Alonso, D., Carlin P, Saez, C, Sánchez del Pueblo, Ortega G, Sanz, Sanz-Lopez, R., A, Torres, Garcés-Albir, M., F, Lopez, Martín-Arévalo, J., Moro-Valdezate, D., Pla-Marti, V., de Heredia J, Beltrán, Andrés-Asenjo B, De, Sanz T, Gómez, C, Jezieniecki, Del Barrio H, Nuñez, de Solórzano Aurusa FJ, Ortiz, de Diego A, Romero, Soriano M, Ruiz, Díaz J, Trujillo, Fernandez A, Vazquez, Lora-Cumplido, P., MV, Sosa, C, Balague, E, Ballester, A, Moral, López A, Sánchez, EM, Targarona, Galvan-Perez, A., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, E., Minaya Bravo, A.M., Miguel-Mendez C, San, N, Alonso de la Fuente, Labat M, Cazador, L, Cecchini, CA, Espinosa, Toscano M, Jimenez, Campillo A, López, G, Mancebo, P, Martorell, M, Munarriz, Grau-Talens, E.J., Martin-Perez, B., Buleje JA, Benavides, Prats M, Carrasco, PV, Fernández, Fernández-López, A., Escudero D, García, Porcel VJ, García, Soria V, Garcia, Francés C, Giménez, Valverde FM, González, Gurrea-Almela, E., López-Morales, P., Garrido A, Marco, Alonso JA, Martínez, E, Medina, Camarena JM, Muñoz, Parra Baños, P.A., Ros E, Peña, Faraco M, Ramirez, Ruiz-Marín, M., Rodriguez C, Sanchez, Soriano M, Valero, Cabañuz M, Allué, Gutiérrez P, Colsa, Domínguez M, García, Maurel T, Gimenez, Anoro LF, Martín, L, Ponchietti, Artigas JM, Rodriguez, Golet M, Roldón, Fornals A, Utrilla, Gómez M, Estaire, Camuñas Á, Fernández, Santos EP, Garcia, Higuera E, Jimenez, CA, López de la Manzanara Cano, Martínez-Pinedo, C., Pérez A, Moreno, Muñoz-Atienza, V., Padilla-Valverde, D., Rodríguez R, Picón, Calvo FJ, Redondo, Sánchez-García, S., Sanchez-Pelaez, D., Martínez C, Curtis, Fernández-Candela, A., Sánchez-Guillén, L., RC, Colombari, E, Del valle, M, Fernández, Lominchar P, Lozano, L, Martín, Valcarcel C, Rey, Steiner, M.A., M, Tudela, Ortúzar J, Zorrilla, Matas F, Alcaide, Pérez JM, García, Pereira P, Troncoso, Laina JL, Blas, B, Cros, J, Escartin, Egea J, Garcia, A, Nogués, El-Abur I, Talal, C, Yánez, Mora-Guzmán, I., Puiggrós L, Cárdenas, M, Abellán, Boira M, Achalandabaso, R, Jorba, Ikuga R, Memba, C, Olona, Mallafré R, Sales, O, Aguilo, Busquets P, Cavallé, Pellice MGP, Gavalda, Sole M, Jorda, I, Mateu, Curto M, Miralles, Peña J, Salinas, Martínez D, Fernández, Flórez LJ, García, Solar-Garcia, L., Achig EJ, Aragon, L, Barbier, Vivancos P, Caja, A, Gainza, Gutierrez JJ, García, García-Operé, G., Gómez-Suárez, J., Jiménez-Jiménez, M., Ormaechea G, Mallabiabarrena, H, Marín, Playa P, Martin, Corcóstegui I, Melchor, Municio-Martín, J.A., M, Oñate, Pascua-Gómez, L.A., Pesántez Peralta, M.A., Calvo M, Prieto, Fraga A, Rodriguez, Ateca I, Villalabeitia, Olabarria U, De Andres, Ballesteros M, Durán, Pablos FJ, Fernández, Ibáñez-Aguirre, F.J., Larrainzar A, Sanz, Ugarte-Sierra, B., Acosta Mérida, M.A., López D, Ortiz, Cano AF, Yepes, Bonito A, Correa, la Hoz Rodríguez Á, De, Búrdalo L, Delgado, Martino M, Di, Sánz I, García, Septiem J, García, González R, Maqueda, Martin-Perez, E., de Nova JL, Muñoz, Espino P, Calvo, Ruano P, Guillamot, García L, Colao, Pérez D, Díaz, Agustí E, Esteban, Jara P, Galindo, Samaniego M, Gutierrez, Hernandez Bartolome, M.A., González J, Serrano, Poza A, Alonso, B, Diéguez, García-Conde, M., Hernández-García, M., M, Losada, Chiesa-Estomba, C.M., JÁ, González García, E, Larruscain, Sistiaga-Suárez, J.A., E, Alvarez, N, Chavarrias, L, Frías, Pineda V, García, Simón A, Gegúndez, Rivas J, Gómez, S, Gortázar de las Casas, M, Gracia, J, Guevara, Gutierrez A, Hernández, A, Loayza, Dolores DT, María, C, Martí, M, Melendez, Moreno-Palacios, E., Y, Perez, Nieto MI, Prieto, Ramos-Martín, P., Rubio-Perez, I., J, Saavedra, Méndez JI, Sánchez, Ridruejo J, Siegrist, Vazquez C, Toribio, A, Urbieta, A, Yebes, I, Zapardiel, Aparicio-López, D., M, Cantalejo diaz, De Miguel Ardevines, M.D.C., MÁ, Dobón Rascón, Duque-Mallén, V., Ferrer I, Gascon, González-Nicolás Trébol, M.T., Gracia-Roche, C., Lopez M, Herrero, Ferrer UM, Jariod, H, Kälviäinen, A, Lanzon, German A, Martinez, M, Matute, C, Redondo, Fuentes N, Sánchez, Santero-Ramirez, M.S., S, Saudí, Sanz MV, Simón, T, Uson, Martin A, Blazquez, Alonso M, Diez, Rico E, García, Gomez E, Garcia-Loarte, Nisa F, Garcia-Moreno, Calvo A, Gutierrez, P, Hernandez, I, Lasa, Mendoza-Moreno, F., Palacios N, Morales, Merino E, Ovejero, Mansilla C, Vera, J, Acero, A, Haddad, AG, Barranquero, Silva U, Caballero, Sánchez A, Cabañero, Garcia-Matres C, Cavestany, Zaballos C, Cerro, Fernández S, Fra, Mata N, Moreno, Molina GM, Muñoz, J, Núñez, J, Ocaña, D, Ramos, García F, Acebes, M, Bailón, Cañones AD, Bueno, Bhojwani E, Choolani, Marcos-Santos, P., T, Miguel, Sánchez D, Pacheco, Pérez-Saborido, B., Gonzalez J, Sanchez, Tejero-Pintor, F.J., F, Alconchel, A, Conesa, Martínez J, Gil, Fernández AI, Gutiérrez, Abad A, Lopez, Nicolás-López, T., Romero P, Ramirez, Calvo MJ, Roca, K, Rodrigues, Manzanera JJ, Ruiz, AI, Soriano, A, Cano, Capitan-Morales, L., Catena J, Cintas, Gomez-Rosado, J., Mompean F, Oliva, Sánchez, Pérez, Lafuente FD, Río, Arcos C, Torres, Valdes-Hernandez, J., Esteban M, Bruna, H, Cholewa, S, Domingo, M, Frasson, V, Lago, Martin T, Marina, Chicote C, Martínez, Sancho-Muriel, J., Estraviz-Mateos, B., Cruzado L, Fernández Gómez, de Miguel M, González, A, Landaluce-olavarria, D, Lecumberri, Gurumeta A, Abad, Abad-Motos, A., Martínez-Hurtado, E., Ripollés-Melchor, J., Escobar A, Ruiz, Cuadrado-García, A., Tellez L, Garcia-Sancho, Aznar J, Heras, Mate P, Maté, Vázquez I, Ortega, AL, Picardo, López JA, Rojo, Noguera F, Sanchez Cabezudo, de Colsa D, Serralta, Latorre J, Anchuelo, Fernandez C, Cagigas, Ruiz R, Caiña, Diaz MJ, Fernandez, Ruiz M, Gomez, F, Hernanz, Fraile J, Jimeno, Martínez-Pérez, P., C, Poch, Martinez S, Santarrufina, Jabares V, Valbuena, Moliner-Sachez, C., Pingarron-Martin, L., Rey-Biel, J., Martin I, Ruiz, Ortega EP, Cagigal, I, Cervera, Peña P, Díaz, de Castro Rubio E, Garcia, D, Enjuto, Bernabé P, Fernández, García R, Garcés, J, Gonzalez, I, Hernández, Herrera-Merino, N., De Salas M, Marqueta, Pascual P, Martinez, Gonzalez M, Perez, Bonilla A, Ramos, Gómez L, Rodríguez, Garcia M, Alfonso, Craus-Miguel, A., Vega L, Fernández, Ferrer-Inaebnit, E., Catalán A, Gil, Argente FX, González, S, Jeri, A, Oseira, Cano N, Pujol, Segura-Sampedro, J.J., Verdeguer C, Soldevila, B, Villalonga, C, Bescós, Blanco-Colino, R., I, Brana, B, Caimari, García-Cuenca A, De Pablo, Duran-Valles, F., Espin-Basany, E., López de Sagredo J, Giralt, J, Pamias, G, Pellino, N, Prat, Pina R, Pujol, M, Saez barba, A, Arulanantham, GBKD, Bandara, U, Jayarajah, S, Ravindrakumar, VSD, Rodrigo, Adil AA, Ali, MHY, Elhafiz, EE, Ali, M, Awadelkarim, I, Bakheit, H, Elbahri, HKS, Hamid, Essa, M.E.A., AA, Ahmed, Hassan, Abubakr, Yousuf Hilles, Momin Majed, M, Saleh, S, Arkani, J, Freedman, P, Elbe, EK, Lindqvist, E, Angenete, J, Park, H, Taflin, L, Greiff, L, Hagander, A, Älgå, G, Heinius, M, Nordberg, E, Pieniowski, I, Gkekas, N, Löfgren, M, Rutegård, M, Sund, M, Arigoni, M, Bernasconi, D, Christoforidis, Giuseppe M, Di, Regina D, La, F, Mongelli, M, Chevallay, O, Dwidar, E, Gialamas, M, Sauvain, R, Giger, S, Hool, F, Klenke, A, Kollàr, C, Kurze, SA, Mueller, S, Kiessling, S, Stoeckli, M, Adamina, T, Bächler, AS, Crugnale, M, Giardini, L, Guglielmetti, G, Peros, F, Solimene, M, Gass, J, Metzger, A, Scheiwiller, C, Gutschow, M, Turina, Asadi T, Al, S, Alkhateb, R, Altom, B, Bakkar, Albared S, Maa, S, Melhem, A, Hamdan, A, Hammed, S, Hammed, M, Hossain, M, Mahfoud, A, Moussa, R, Alsayyad, S, Alsrouji, G, Ashour, Al-Nahr M, Hareth, A, Slitin, C, Tanos, MJ, Kacem, H, Maghrebi, A, Sebai, A, Aghayeva, I, Hamzaoglu, I, Sahin, E, Akaydin, Z, Aliyeva, E, Aytac, B, Baca, O, Dülgeroğlu, V, Ozben, BB, Ozmen, C, Uras, AE, Arikan, IA, Bilgin, B, Bozkırlı, GO, Ceyhan, H, Kara, T, Karahasanoğlu, H, Celik, MM, Meydanli, A, Akbas, Y, Altinel, F, Calikoglu, G, Ercan, C, Ercetin, NA, Hacım, S, Meriç, M, Tokocin, T, Vartanoglu, H, Yigitbas, H, Akilli, A, Ayhan, E, Kuscu, M, Doğangün, N, Iflazoğlu, Ö, Yalkın, A, Turna, Onan, M.A., U, Akgor, O, Cennet, HA, Dincer, T, Erol, M, Gultekin, N, Orhan, N, Ozgul, MC, Salman, B, Soyak, L, Aydemir, B, Başaran, C, Sen, M, Ulusan, AS, Açıkgöz, A, Alhamed, Y, Aykanat, T, Bese, S, Cebi, F, Demirkıran, S, Ergün, B, Kayan, OZcelık, M.F., AN, Sanli, SS, Uludağ, M, Velidedeoglu, AK, Zengin, Bozkurt, M.A., Y, Kara, A, Kocatas, Altinbas B, Candas, Çekiç, A.B., K, Eyuboglu, A, Guner, S, Türkyılmaz, Usta, M.A., B, Cimenoglu, R, Demirhan, K, Saracoglu, İF, Azamat, E, Balik, D, Buğra, B, Giray, Kulle, C.B., C, Taskiran, D, Vatansever, SA, Güler, A, Güreşin, OC, Tatar, NZ, Utkan, A, Yildirim, E, Yüksel, A, Abbasov, H, Yanar, MU, Ugurlu, E, Akin, F, Altintoprak, Z, Bayhan, G, Cakmak, R, Çapoğlu, F, Çelebi, H, Demir, E, Dikicier, N, Firat, E, Gönüllü, Kamburoğlu, M.B., B, Kocer, IF, Küçük, B, Mantoglu, E, Çolak, GO, Kucuk, Uyanik, M.S., B, Goksoy, E, Bozkurt, B, Citgez, M, Mihmanli, M, Tanal, G, Yetkin, M, Akalin, C, Arican, EK, Avci, C, Aydin, Atıcı S, Demirli, M, Emiroglu, T, Kaya, E, Kebabçı, G, Kilinc, Y, Kirmizi, H, Öğücü, S, Salimoğlu, İ, Sert, C, Tugmen, K, Tuncer, G, Uslu, D, Yeşilyurt, E, Karaman, A, Kolusarı, A, Yildiz, FA, Gultekin, H, Lule, B, Oguttu, K, Abdelgalil, J, Agilinko, A, Ahmeidat, M, Barabasz, M, Bekheit, LK, Cheung, T, Colloc, W, Cymes, M, Elhusseini, G, Gradinariu, A, Hannah, Kamera, B.S., G, Mignot, S, Shaikh, P, Sharma, Abu-Nayla, I., Al-Mohammad, A., S, Ali, J, Ashcroft, A, Azizi, O, Baker, A, Balakrishnan, M, Byrne, A, Colquhoun, A, Cotter, P, Coughlin, RJ, Davies, A, Durrani, M, Elshaer, S, Fordington, P, Forouhi, F, Georgiades, H, Grimes, A, Habeeb, V, Hudson, P, Hutchinson, E, Irune, A, Jah, DZ, Khan, A, Kolias, H, Kyriacou, B, Lamb, S, Liau, L, Luke, R, Mahmoud, R, Mannion, L, Masterson, C, Mitrofan, M, Mohan, A, Morris, S, Murphy, JR, O’Neill, S, Price, J, Pushpa-rajah, Raby-Smith, W., J, Ramzi, Rooney, S.M., T, Santarius, AA, Singh, GD, Stewart, XS, Tan, A, Townson, E, Tweedle, C, Walker, S, Waseem, S, Yordanov, T, Jones, A, Kattakayam, C, Loh, R, Lunevicius, Q, Nunes, S, Pringle, A, Schache, R, Shaw, A, Sheel, A, Sud, M, Sundhu, C, Rossborough, D, Angelou, M, Choynowski, B, McAree, A, McCanny, D, Neely, F, Kamel, L, Kumar, R, Madani, P, Nisar, G, Tutoveanu, Bittar, M.N., M, Creanga, M, Elniel, J, Law, M, Youssef, S, Ahad, La Cruz Monroy MFI, De, M, Hashem, F, Langlands, F, Mosley, V, Oktseloglou, I, Omar, F, Patel, A, Alanbuki, M, Patel, A, Shabana, R, Rathinaezhil, E, Perera, D, Raveendran, Ravi-Shankar, K., J, Thiruchelvam, Bakri NA, Che, Z, Jawad, L, Jiao, S, Nazarian, R, Vashisht, L, Arrowsmith, W, Campbell, T, Grove, C, Kontovounisios, O, Warren, P, Rolland, A, Aggarwal, S, Brown, C, Jelley, N, Neal, R, Kaur, E, Leung, S, Sundar, T, Doulias, M, Li, E, Martin, H, Rodwell, R, Clifford, N, Eardley, E, Krishnan, N, Manu, Mahapatra S, Roy, OL, Serevina, C, Smith, D, Vimalachandran, M, Bordenave, R, Houston, G, Putnam, A, Robson, H, Tustin, K, Emslie, PL, Labib, A, Marchbank, D, Miller, G, Minto, J, Natale, H, Nwinee, P, Panahi, L, Rogers, A, Abubakar, Rahman MM, Akhter, H, O’Brien, K, Sasapu, R, Inglis, HJ, Ng, Rico A, De Gea, N, Ghazali, J, Lambert, G, Markose, S, Math, I, Sarantitis, D, Shreshtha, R, Simpson, S, Sonanis, A, Sultana, M, Taggarsi, S, Timbrell, OP, Vaz, L, Vitone, A, Day, H, Dent, M, Fahim, S, Waheed, A, Hunt, Hastings, Laskar N., J, Steinke, S, Thrumurthy, E, Massie, K, McGivern, D, Rutherford, M, Wilson, J, Hardie, S, Kazzaz, Bacarese-Hamilton, T., M, Ip, A, James, G, Salerno, T, Stockdale, S, Handa, M, Kaushal, A, Kler, P, Patel, J, Redfern, S, Tezas, Y, Aawsaj, S, Amonkar, L, Blackwell, D, Blake, J, Carter, H, Emerson, A, Fisher, M, Katory, P, Korompelis, W, McCormick, A, Mustafa, L, Pearce, N, Ratnavelu, R, Reehal, A, Damola, L, Kretzmer, L, Lalou, P, Lim, B, Manku, I, Parwaiz, M, Sandher, J, Stafford, M, Abdelkarim, A, Asqalan, T, Gala, S, Ibrahim, A, Maw, R, Mithany, R, Morgan, Venkatesan G, Sundaram, D, Holroyd, N, Jamieson, C, Jones, JS, Shin, K, Ang, EJ, Caruana, K, Chandarana, Chowdhry, M.F., A, Mohammad, A, Nakas, S, Rathinam, D, Banfield, M, Boal, O, Brown, H, Dean, S, Dwerryhouse, S, Higgs, A, Vallance, E, Boyd, V, Irvine, A, Kirk, G, Bakolas, A, Boulton, A, Chandock, T, Khan, M, Kumar, P, Agoston, A, Billè, B, Challacombe, S, Fraser, Harrison-Phipps, K., J, King, S, McCrindle, G, Mehra, L, Mills, M, Najdy, R, Nath, L, Okiror, J, Pilling, V, Rizzo, T, Routledge, A, Sayasneh, L, Stroman, A, Wali, M, Fehervari, C, Fotopoulou, N, Habib, Hamrang-Yousefi, S., M, Pai, J, Ploski, P, Rajagopal, S, Saso, M, Sodergren, D, Spalding, S, Laws, C, Hardie, C, McNaught, R, Alam, A, Budacan, J, Cahill, M, Kalkat, S, Karandikar, L, Kenyon, D, Naumann, A, Patel, F, Chen, J, Cheung, J, Ayorinde, T, Chase, T, Cuming, A, Ghanbari, L, Humphreys, S, Tayeh, Ibrahim A, Aboelkassem, R, Bichoo, H, Cao, AKW, Chai, J, Choudhury, C, Evans, H, Fitzjohn, H, Ikram, E, Khalifa, M, Langstroth, M, Loubani, A, McMillan, S, Nazir, SSA, Qadri, A, Robinson, E, Ross, T, Sehgal, A, Wilkins, J, Dixon, J, Dunning, K, Freystaetter, M, Jha, VRM, Kusuma, S, Lester, A, Madhavan, SV, Thulasiraman, Y, Viswanath, Curl-Roper, T., C, Delimpalta, CCL, Liao, V, Velchuru, E, Westwood, E, Belcher, Bond-Smith, G., S, Chidambaram, Chiara F, Di, K, Fasanmade, L, Fraser, H, Fu, M, Ganau, S, Gore, M, Goricar, J, Graystone, D, Jeyaretna, H, Khatkar, M, Lami, M, Maher, S, Mastoridis, J, McVeigh, R, Mihai, R, Myatt, R, Piper, S, Prabhu, OBF, Risk, U, Selbong, K, Shah, P, Silva, R, Smillie, H, Soleymani majd, S, Sravanam, D, Stavroulias, GD, Tebala, M, Vatish, C, Verberne, K, Wallwork, Williams, M.A., SC, Winter, I, Ahmed, A, Djouani, B, Eddy, S, Folkard, F, Hassan, S, Kommu, G, Papadopoulos, A, Simoes, E, Streeter, Tait-Bailey, J., M, Thomas, W, Wang, M, Yao, N, Anscomb, Baldwin-Smith, R., M, Davies, C, Grainger, A, Haji, A, Haq, Nunoo-Mensah, J.W., M, Rizk, MI, Bhatti, Boyd-Carson, H., E, Elsey, E, Gemmill, P, Herrod, M, Jibreel, E, Lenzi, T, Saafan, D, Sapre, T, Sian, N, Watson, A, Athanasiou, E, Borg, G, Bourke, L, Bradshaw, A, Brunelli, J, Burke, P, Coe, F, Costigan, H, Elkadi, M, Ho, J, Johnstone, A, Kanatas, V, Kantola, A, Kaufmann, A, Laios, S, Lam, E, MacInnes, S, Munot, C, Nahm, M, Otify, C, Pompili, M, Raslan, H, Salminen, I, Smith, G, Theophilou, G, Toogood, R, Wade, D, Ward, C, West, Al-Harbawee, A., A, Alharawee, S, Annamalai, C, Ashmore, A, Boddy, T, Hossain, E, Irvine, K, Kassam, A, Kourdouli, CS, Chean, S, Dharamavaram, A, Gvaramadze, A, Jibril, N, Kulkarni, I, Pereira, L, Prusty, K, Shanthakunalan, B, Srikumar, D, Thekkinkattil, S, Adegbola, C, Menakaya, J, Noel, A, Harky, M, Shackcloth, A, Askari, N, Cirocchi, S, Kudchadkar, K, Patel, J, Sagar, S, Shaw, R, Talwar, M, Abdalla, R, Edmondson, O, Ismail, D, Jones, K, Newton, N, Stylianides, A, Aderombi, U, Andaleeb, O, Bajomo, K, Beatson, W, Garrett, M, Mehmood, V, Ng, Al-Habsi, R., M, Brimioulle, GS, Divya, B, Keeler, RE, Soulsby, A, Taylor, Al-Sarireh, B., R, Clancy, P, Cripps, T, Dobbs, R, Egan, I, Fabre, R, Harries, A, Henry, M, Kittur, Z, Li, K, Parkins, F, Soliman, N, Spencer, D, Thompson, C, Burgess, C, Gemmell, C, Grieco, M, Hollyman, L, Hunt, J, Morrison, S, Ojha, F, Abbadessa, S, Barnard, N, Dawe, J, Hammond, RM, Koshy, Ali F, Mahmoud, I, McPherson, C, Mellor, J, Moir, S, Pandanaboyana, J, Powell, B, Rai, C, Roy, A, Sachdeva, C, Saleh, S, Tingle, T, Williams, J, Manickavasagam, C, McDonald, N, McGrath, N, McSorley, K, Ragupathy, L, Ramsay, A, Solth, C, Aristotelous, O, Kakisi, K, Seebah, I, Shaikh, L, Sreedharan, L, Touil, J, Shah, P, Ameerally, M, Baguley, C, Gnanachandran, B, Heer, M, Rogers, R, Woods, A, Aujayeb, S, Mills, J, Abu, Addae-Boateng, E., D, Bratt, L, Brock, N, Burnside, Cadwell-Sneath, S., K, Gajjar, C, Gan, C, Grundy, K, Hallam, K, Hassell, M, Hawari, A, Joshi, H, Khout, K, Konstantinidi, Lee, R.X.N., D, Nunns, R, Schiemer, T, Walton, H, Weaver, L, Whisker, K, Williamson, ME, Ahmed, SI, Bukhari, B, Illingworth, S, Kanthasamy, E, Knights, SL, Ong, R, Pujari, KHM, Tan, R, Vanker, M, Michel, S, Patil, S, Ravindran, J, Sarveswaran, L, Scott, I, Biliatis, M, Edmond, E, King, O, Babawale, D, Hodgson, M, Ismail, J, Khan, U, Lokman, YC, Phan, M, Almond, A, Bhangu, O, Breik, LD, Cato, YA, Chowdhury, A, Desai, S, Ford, E, Griffiths, M, Idle, M, Kamal, K, Karia, A, Kisiel, R, Kulkarni, JKC, Mak, T, Martin, P, Nankivell, A, Parente, S, Parmar, Pathanki, A.M., L, Phelan, P, Praveen, S, Saeed, N, Sharma, J, Singh, G, Solomou, WC, Soon, A, Stevens, F, Tirotta, C, Topham, I, Ughratdar, D, Vijayan, K, Ballantyne, L, Barker, K, Chapman, M, Charalambous, C, Chianakwalam, C, English, J, Evans, A, Fell, D, Frimpong, C, Halkias, R, Iyer, R, Merh, G, Neagu, S, Nikolaou, A, Poddar, V, Pronisceva, V, Reddy, N, Williams, L, Alakandy, P, Bhattathiri, J, Brown, M, Canty, E, Day, A, Geddes, A, Grivas, S, Hassan, S, Lammy, P, Littlechild, C, Maseland, C, Mathieson, J, McCaul, J, McMahon, R, O’Kane, George E, St., N, Suttner, W, Taylor, E, Tilling, W, English, S, Kaul, AH, Khan, F, Khan, A, Mansuri, S, Mukherjee, M, Sarigul, KL, Tan, P, Vulliamy, A, Woodham, YH, Yang, A, Adiamah, H, Brewer, A, Chowdhury, D, Humes, J, Jackman, A, Koh, Lewis-Lloyd, C., A, Navarro, O, Oyende, J, Reilly, R, Vohra, D, Worku, P, Cool, G, Cribb, K, Shepherd, C, Bisset, S, Moug, R, Chadha, N, Elson, R, Galleano, G, Faulkner, A, Langone, Z, Panayi, P, Saleh, F, Tuminello, C, Underwood, G, Brixton, L, Findlay, T, Klatte, A, Majkowska, J, Manson, R, Potter, Al-Khyatt, W., A, Bhalla, Z, Chia, P, Daliya, A, Goyal, E, Grimley, A, Hamad, FL, Malcolm, JCK, Ng, A, Phillips, E, Theophilidou, S, Williams, J, Bowden, N, Campain, I, Daniels, G, Fowler, J, John, L, Massey, F, McDermott, J, McGrath, A, McLennan, M, Ng, J, Pascoe, N, Rajaretnam, N, Angamuthu, S, Bulathsinhala, S, Chowdhury, B, Davidson, G, Fusai, J, Gilliland, C, Hart, Salinas C, Hidalgo, J, Knowles, N, Machairas, R, Mirnezami, T, Pissanou, JM, Pollok, DA, Raptis, F, Soggiu, H, Tzerbinis, M, Varcada, S, Xyda, A, Beamish, E, Davies, R, Foulkes, D, Magowan, H, Nassa, R, Ooi, C, Price, L, Smith, F, Solari, A, Tang, G, Williams, Kahar NN, Abd, Al-Tamimi, Y., A, Bacon, N, Beasley, J, Catto, LH, Chan, D, Chew, M, Crank, N, Ilenkovan, M, Macdonald, B, Narice, O, Rominiyi, S, Saad, S, Sinha, A, Thompson, I, Varley, P, Brennan, T, Drake, EM, Harrison, G, Linder, J, Mayes, R, McGregor, R, Pasricha, RJE, Skipworth, V, Zamvar, P, Hawkin, T, Raymond, O, Ryska, R, Baron, D, Dunne, S, Gahunia, C, Halloran, N, Howes, R, McKinney, F, McNicol, K, Rajput, J, Russ, R, Sutton, P, Szatmary, JR, Tan, P, Whelan, A, Anzak, A, Banerjee, O, Fuwa, F, Hughes, Jayasinghe, J.D., C, Knowles, HM, Kocher, Silva I, Leal, FS, Ledesma, A, Minicozzi, L, Navaratne, P, Patki, R, Rahman, R, Ramamoorthy, C, Sohrabi, C, Tanabalan, M, Thaha, B, Thakur, M, Venn, V, Yip, R, Baumber, J, Parry, S, Evans, L, Jeys, G, Morris, M, Parry, N, Ahmadi, G, Aresu, Barrett-Brown, Z.M., A, Coonar, Yates H, Durio, D, Gearon, J, Hogan, M, King, A, Peryt, IS, Pradeep, M, Adishesh, R, Atherton, K, Baxter, M, Brocklehurst, M, Chaudhury, N, Krishnamohan, J, McAleer, G, Owens, E, Parkin, P, Patkar, I, Phang, A, Aladeojebi, M, Ali, B, Barmayehvar, A, Gaunt, M, Gowda, E, Halliday, M, Kitchen, F, Mansour, P, Nanjaiah, D, Zakai, Abbassi-Ghadi, N., H, Assalaarachchi, A, Currie, M, Flavin, A, Frampton, M, Hague, C, Hammer, J, Hopper, J, Horsnell, S, Humphries, A, Kamocka, TK, Madhuri, S, Preston, P, Singh, J, Stebbing, A, Tailor, D, Walker, E, Coomber, S, Jaunoo, L, Kennedy, A, Airey, J, Bunni, R, Crowley, K, Fairhurst, J, Frost, R, George, S, Lee, S, Mitchell, J, Phull, S, Richards, F, Aljanadi, A, Campbell, A, Glass, I, Hraishawi, M, Jones, C, McIlmunn, S, McIntosh, P, Mhandu, C, O’Donnell, R, Turkington, Al-Ishaq, Z., S, Bhasin, AS, Bodla, A, Burahee, A, Crichton, El-Ghobashy, A., R, Fossett, N, Pigadas, E, Rahman, D, Snee, R, Vidya, N, Yassin, D, Fountain, Hasan, M.T., K, Karabatsou, R, Laurente, O, Pathmanaban, C, Barlow, D, Ding, J, Foster, L, Longstaff, Brett-Miller, C., FE, Buruiana, A, Al-mukhtar, J, Edwards, A, Giblin, C, Kelty, M, Lee, G, Lye, T, Newman, A, Sharkey, C, Steele, Shah N, Sureshkumar, E, Whitehall, J, Blair, A, Lakhiani, Parry-Smith, W., B, Sahu, R, Athwal, A, Baker, L, Jones, C, Konstantinou, S, Ramcharan, J, Vatish, R, Wilkin, A, Alzetani, K, Amer, A, Badran, HV, Colvin, M, Ethunandan, GK, Sekhon, Z, Shakoor, H, Shields, R, Singh, T, Talbot, F, Wensley, S, Lawday, A, Lyons, S, Newman, E, Chung, R, Hagger, A, Hainsworth, I, Hunt, A, Karim, H, Owen, A, Ramwell, G, Santhirakumaran, J, Smelt, C, Tan, P, Vaughan, K, Williams, C, Baker, A, Davies, J, Gossage, M, Kelly, W, Knight, S, Bromage, J, Hall, V, Kaushik, M, Rudic, N, Vallabh, Y, Zhang, G, Harris, G, James, C, Kang, DJ, Lin, AD, Rajgor, T, Royle, R, Scurrah, B, Steel, LJ, Watson, D, Choi, R, Hutchison, V, Luoma, HJ, Marcus, R, May, A, Menon, B, Pramodana, L, Webber, A, Hayes, R, Jones, G, Sivarajah, M, Smith, A, Smrke, D, Strauss, FAM, Abouelela, IA, Aneke, P, Asaad, B, Brown, J, Collis, S, Duff, A, Khan, F, Moura, M, Taylor, B, Wadham, H, Warburton, T, Elmoslemany, Jenkinson, M.D., CP, Millward, R, Zakaria, S, Mccluney, C, Parmar, S, Shah, J, Allison, Babar, M.S., J, Bowen, B, Collard, S, Goodrum, K, Lau, M, Sargent, R, Scott, E, Thomas, H, Whitmore, D, Balasubramaniam, B, Jayasankar, S, Kapoor, A, Ramachandran, C, Semple, A, Elhamshary, SMB, Imam, K, Kapriniotis, V, Kasivisvanathan, J, Lindsay, Rakhshani-Moghadam, S., N, Beech, M, Chand, L, Green, N, Kalavrezos, H, Kiconco, R, McEwen, C, Schilling, D, Sinha, J, Pereca, S, Chopra, D, Egbeare, R, Thomas, S, Arumugam, B, Ibrahim, K, Khan, T, Combellack, G, Hill, S, Jones, M, Kornaszewska, M, Mohammed, G, Tahhan, V, Valtzoglou, N, Blencowe, P, Eskander, K, Gash, L, Gourbault, M, Hanna, TA, Maccabe, B, Main, J, Olivier, C, Newton, S, Roswadowski, N, Ryan, E, Teh, D, West, H, Al-omishy, M, Baig, H, Bates, Taranto G, Di, K, Dickson, N, Dunne, C, Gill, D, Howe, D, Jeevan, A, Khajuria, Martin-Ucar, A., K, McEvoy, P, Naredla, S, Robertson, M, Sait, DR, Sarma, S, Shanbhag, T, Shortland, S, Simmonds, J, Skillman, N, Tewari, G, Walton, Akhtar, M.A., A, Brunt, J, McIntyre, K, Milne, MM, Rashid, A, Sgrò, KE, Stewart, A, Turnbull, Abou-Foul, A.K., G, Gossedge, S, O’Donnell, F, Oldfield, S, Thomson, Gonzalez M, Aguilar, S, Talukder, C, Boyle, D, Fernando, K, Gallagher, A, Laird, D, Tham, M, Bath, P, Basnyat, H, Davis, P, Montauban, A, Shrestha, K, Agarwal, T, Arif, C, Magee, T, Nambirajan, S, Powell, R, Vinayagam, I, Flindall, A, Hanson, V, Mahendran, S, Green, M, Lim, L, MacDonald, V, Miu, L, Onos, K, Sheridan, R, Young, F, Alam, O, Griffiths, C, Houlden, VS, Kolli, AK, Lala, S, Leeson, R, Peevor, Z, Seymour, E, Consorti, R, Gonzalez, R, Grolman, Kwan-Feinberg, R., T, Liu, O, Merzlikin, Francisco, San, A, Brown, Z, Cooper, S, Hirji, J, Jolissaint, D, Mahvi, B, Okafor, CP, Raut, V, Roxo, A, Salim, S, Bessen, L, Chen, L, Dagrosa, K, Fay, C, Fleischer, R, Hasson, E, Henderson, M, Leech, A, Loehrer, C, Markey, J, Paydarfar, K, Rosenkranz, K, Telma, N, Tocci, Wilkinson-Ryan, I., M, Bokenkamp, K, Brown, D, Fleming, C, Heron, C, Hill, H, Kay, E, Leede, K, McElhinney, KA, Olson, EC, Osterberg, C, Riley, P, Srikanth, J, Barbour, D, Blazer, GA, DiLalla, O, Fayanju, ES, Hwang, R, Kahmke, H, Kazaure, A, Lazarides, W, Lee, M, Lidsky, C, Menendez, D, Moris, J, Plichta, MC, Pradhan, L, Puscas, HE, Rice, D, Rocke, L, Rosenberger, R, Scheri, Smith, B.D., Stang, M.T., L, Tolnitch, K, Turnage, J, Visgauss, FS, Walton, T, Watts, S, Zani, J, Farma, K, Cardona, MC, Russell, J, Clark, D, Kwon, N, Goel, J, Kronenfeld, B, Bigelow, E, Etchill, Gabre-Kidan, A., H, Jenny, A, Kent, MR, Ladd, C, Long, H, Malapati, A, Margalit, S, Rapaport, J, Rose, K, Stevens, L, Tsai, D, Vervoort, P, Yesantharao, A, Dehal, D, Klaristenfeld, K, Huynh, H, Kaafarani, L, Naar, M, Qadan, L, Brown, I, Ganly, JE, Mullinax, N, Alpert, C, Gillezeau, Miles DDS MD, F.A.C.S.B.A., E, Taioli, DE, Cha, E, Gleeson, C, Horn, U, Sarpel, N, Gusani, J, Hazelton, J, Maines, JS, Oh, A, Ssentongo, P, Ssentongo, A, Bhama, K, Colling, M, Najarian, M, Azam, A, Choudhry, W, Marx, Y, Abedin, G, Arzumanov, R, Chokshi, S, Gabrilovich, N, Glass, E, Kalyoussef, Parvin-Nejad, F.P., D, Roden, J, Stein, Suarez-Ligon, A., G, Tsui, K, Zhao, J, Fleming, A, Fuson, J, Gigliotti, A, Ovaitt, Y, Ying, MK, Abel, V, Andaya, K, Bigay, Boeck, M.A., H, Chern, C, Corvera, El-Sayed, I., A, Glencer, P, Ha, Hamilton, B.C.S., C, Heaton, K, Hirose, Jablons, D.M., KS, Kirkwood, LZ, Kornblith, JR, Kratz, RH, Lee, PN, Miller, EK, Nakakura, Nunez-Garcia, B., RJ, O’Donnell, D, Ozgediz, P, Park, B, Robinson, A, Sarin, B, Sheu, MG, Varma, KC, Wai, R, Wustrack, MJ, Xu, M, Zimel, D, CA) Beswick, J, Goddard, J, Manor, J, Song, Springs/Loveland, Denver/Colorado, A, Cioci, W, Pavlis, K, Rakoczy, G, Ruiz, R, Saberi, T, Fullmer, C, Gaskill, N, Gross, K, Kiong, CL, Roland, SN, Zafar, M, Abdallah, A, Abouassi, E, Aigbivbalu, M, Almasri, J, Eid, B, George, G, Kulkarni, H, Marwan, M, Mehdi, Andrés M, San, J, Sundaresan, SG, Aoun, VS, Ban, HH, Batjer, K, Bosler, J, Caruso, B, Sumer, D, Abbott, A, Acher, T, Aiken, J, Barrett, E, Foley, PB, Schwartz, AT, Hawkins, A, Maiga, NM, Ruzgar, M, Sion, S, Ullrich, J, Laufer, S, Scasso, Al-Naggar, H., Al-Shehari, M., A, Almassaudi, M, Alsayadi, R, Alsayadi, M, Nahshal, S, Shream, S, AL-Ameri, M, Aldawbali, Fotopoulou, Christina, Khan, Tabassum, Bracinik, Juraj, Glasbey, James, Abu-Rustum, Nadeem, Chiva, Luis, Fagotti, Anna, Fujiwara, Keiichi, Ghebre, Rahel, Gutelkin, Murat, Konney, Thomas O., Ng, Joseph, Pareja, Rene, Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Rajkumar, Sehouli, Jalid, Surappa, Shylasree T.S., and Leung, Elaine
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Characteristics and Predictors of Late Right Heart Failure after Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
- Author
-
Fatimah A. Alkhunaizi, Nnamdi I. Azih, Jacob M. Read, Rachel L. Goldberg, Arune A. Gulati, Paul J. Scheel, Rahatullah Muslem, Nisha A. Gilotra, Kavita Sharma, Ahmet Kilic, Brian A. Houston, Ryan J. Tedford, Steven Hsu, and Cardiology
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine - Abstract
Late right heart failure (LRHF) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation remains poorly characterized and challenging to predict. We performed a multicenter retrospective study of LRHF in 237 consecutive adult LVAD patients, in which LRHF was defined according to the 2020 Mechanical Circulatory Support Academic Research Consortium guidelines. Clinical and hemodynamic variables were assessed pre- and post-implant. Competing-risk regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to assess outcomes. LRHF prediction was assessed using multivariable logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression. Among 237 LVAD patients, 45 (19%) developed LRHF at a median of 133 days post-LVAD. LRHF patients had more frequent heart failure hospitalizations (p < 0.001) alongside other complications. LRHF patients did not experience reduced bridge-to-transplant rates but did suffer increased mortality (hazard ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-3.42; p = 0.02). Hemodynamically, LRHF patients demonstrated higher right atrial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), but no difference in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure. History of early right heart failure, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) > 35 mg/dl at 1 month post-LVAD, and diuretic requirements at 1 month post-LVAD were each significant, independent predictors of LRHF in multivariable analysis. An LRHF prediction risk score incorporating these variables predicted LRHF with excellent discrimination (log-rank p < 0.0001). Overall, LRHF post-LVAD is more common than generally appreciated, with significant morbidity and mortality. Elevated PVR and precapillary pulmonary pressures may play a role. A risk score using early right heart failure, elevated BUN, and diuretic requirements 1 month post implant predicted the development of LRHF.
- Published
- 2023
27. Complications following equine sacroiliac region analgesia are uncommon: A study in 118 horses.
- Author
-
Samuel C J Offord, Rachel M Read, Camilla J Pudney, and Andrew P Bathe
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundDiagnosis of sacroiliac region pain is supported by a positive response to sacroiliac region analgesia (SIRA). Varying techniques have been described for SIRA; with clinician preference often dictating method. Potential complications following SIRA include ataxia and recumbency. No study has specifically evaluated the prevalence of complications.ObjectivesTo describe the complication prevalence following SIRA in a referral clinic.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsReview of records from horses presented to two of the authors at Rossdales, Newmarket, between January 2014 and December 2018, that underwent SIRA. Injection was performed using a blind midline approach with 20 mL mepivacaine (Intra-Epicaine 20mg/ml; Dechra) infiltrated through a straight 18 gauge 8.9cm spinal needle subdivided into four sub-locations per block.Results118 horses were included, with 167 individual blocks. One horse showed a mild hindlimb gait abnormality following SIRA, which resolved uneventfully over 3 hours; complication rate 1/118 horses (0.85%; 95% CI: 0,2.5%), 1/167 joints (0.60%; 95% CI: 0,1.8%). SIRA subjectively improved lameness/performance in 132/167 (79%) joints. 49/118 (42%) received bilateral SIRA with 53/118 (45%) evaluated ridden following SIRA.Main limitationsSmall population numbers with low complication prevalence rate.ConclusionsSIRA, using the described technique, has a low (0.85%) prevalence of complications.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Cardiac output assessment methods in left ventricular assist device patients: A problem of heteroscedasticity
- Author
-
Nnamdi I. Azih, Jacob M. Read, Gregory R. Jackson, Chak Inampudi, Lucas Witer, Arman Kilic, Nicholas H. Pope, Jennifer Hajj, Francois Haddad, Ryan J. Tedford, and Brian A. Houston
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Transplantation ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Equipoise remains about how best to measure cardiac output (CO) in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). In this study, direct Fick CO was compared with thermodilution (TD) and indirect Fick (iFick) CO in 61 LVAD patients. TD and LaFarge iFick showed moderate correlation with direct Fick (R
- Published
- 2023
29. Life course exposures continually shape antibody profiles and risk of seroconversion to influenza.
- Author
-
Bingyi Yang, Justin Lessler, Huachen Zhu, Chao Qiang Jiang, Jonathan M Read, James A Hay, Kin On Kwok, Ruiyin Shen, Yi Guan, Steven Riley, and Derek A T Cummings
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Complex exposure histories and immune mediated interactions between influenza strains contribute to the life course of human immunity to influenza. Antibody profiles can be generated by characterizing immune responses to multiple antigenically variant strains, but how these profiles vary across individuals and determine future responses is unclear. We used hemagglutination inhibition titers from 21 H3N2 strains to construct 777 paired antibody profiles from people aged 2 to 86, and developed novel metrics to capture features of these profiles. Total antibody titer per potential influenza exposure increases in early life, then decreases in middle age. Increased titers to one or more strains were seen in 97.8% of participants during a roughly four-year interval, suggesting widespread influenza exposure. While titer changes were seen to all strains, recently circulating strains exhibited the greatest titer rise. Higher pre-existing, homologous titers at baseline reduced the risk of seroconversion to recent strains. After adjusting for homologous titer, we also found an increased frequency of seroconversion against recent strains among those with higher immunity to older previously exposed strains. Including immunity to previously exposures also improved the deviance explained by the models. Our results suggest that a comprehensive quantitative description of immunity encompassing past exposures could lead to improved correlates of risk of influenza infection.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The Palgrave Handbook of Sociocultural Perspectives on Global Mental Health
- Author
-
Ross G. White, Sumeet Jain, David M.R. Orr, Ursula M. Read, Ross G. White, Sumeet Jain, David M.R. Orr, Ursula M. Read
- Published
- 2017
31. Household Transmission Dynamics of Seasonal Human Coronaviruses
- Author
-
Talia M Quandelacy, Matt D T Hitchings, Justin Lessler, Jonathan M Read, Charles Vukotich, Andrew S Azman, Henrik Salje, Shanta Zimmer, Hongjiang Gao, Yenlik Zheteyeva, Amra Uzicanin, and Derek A T Cummings
- Subjects
Infectious Diseases ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Background Household transmission studies inform how viruses spread among close contacts, but few characterize household transmission of endemic coronaviruses. Methods We used data collected from 223 households with school-age children participating in weekly disease surveillance over 2 respiratory virus seasons (December 2015 to May 2017), to describe clinical characteristics of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HcoV-HKU1, HcoV-NL63, HcoV-OC43) infections, and community and household transmission probabilities using a chain-binomial model correcting for missing data from untested households. Results Among 947 participants in 223 households, we observed 121 infections during the study, most commonly subtype HCoV-OC43. Higher proportions of infected children ( Conclusions Our study highlights the need for large household studies to inform household transmission, the challenges in estimating household transmission probabilities from asymptomatic individuals, and implications for controlling endemic CoVs.
- Published
- 2022
32. Outcomes in Patients With LVADs Undergoing Simultaneous Heart-Kidney Transplantation
- Author
-
JESSICA Atkins, NICHOLAS R. HESS, SHENG FU, JACOB M. READ, JENNIFER M. HAJJ, BHAVADHARINI RAMU, DANIEL N. SILVERMAN, CHAKRADHARI INAMPUDI, ADRIAN B. VANBAKEL, Z.A. HASHMI, NICHOLAS H. POPE, LUCAS P. WITER, MANREET K. KANWAR, ANDREW J. SAUER, BRIAN A. HOUSTON, ARMAN KILIC, and RYAN J. TEDFORD
- Subjects
Heart Failure ,Treatment Outcome ,Humans ,Heart Transplantation ,Heart-Assist Devices ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Kidney Transplantation ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Multiple studies have shown better outcomes for simultaneous heart-kidney transplant (sHKT) than for isolated orthotopic heart transplant (iOHT) in recipients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, outcomes in patients supported by durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have not been well studied.Patients with durable LVADs and stage 3 or higher CKD (eGFR60 mL/min/1.73 mWe identified 4375 patients; 366 underwent sHKT, and 4009 underwent iOHT. The frequency of sHKT increased during the study period. The 1-year post-transplant survival rate was worse in patients after sHKT than in patients after iOHT (80.3% vs 88.3%; P0.001) and persisted up to 5 years post-transplant (P = 0.001). sHKT recipients were more likely to require dialysis after transplantation and had longer hospital lengths of stay (P0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that sHKT remained an independent risk factor for mortality at 1 year (OR 1.58; P = 0.002).sHKT is becoming more common in patients with durable LVADs. Compared with iOHT, patients with sHKTs have worse short- and long-term survival rates and are more likely to require post-transplant dialysis.
- Published
- 2022
33. Percentage of intrathoracic stomach predicts operative and post-operative morbidity, persistent reflux and PPI requirement following laparoscopic hiatus hernia repair and fundoplication
- Author
-
A. M. Cocco, V. Chai, M. Read, S. Ward, M. A. Johnson, L. Chong, C. Gillespie, and M. W. Hii
- Subjects
Surgery - Abstract
Purpose Large hiatus hernias are relatively common and can be associated with adverse symptoms and serious complications. Operative repair is indicated in this patient group for symptom management and the prevention of morbidity. This study aimed to identify predictors of poor outcomes following laparoscopic hiatus hernia repair and fundoplication (LHHRaF) to aid in counselling potential surgical candidates. Methodology A retrospective analysis was performed from a prospectively maintained, multicentre database of patients who underwent LHHRaF between 2014 and 2020. Revision procedures were excluded. Hernia size was defined as the intraoperative percentage of intrathoracic stomach, estimated by the surgeon to the nearest 10%. Predictors of outcomes were determined using a prespecified multivariate logistic regression model. Results 625 patients underwent LHHRaF between 2014 and 2020 with 443 patients included. Median age was 65 years, 62.9% were female and 42.7% of patients had ≥ 50% intrathoracic stomach. In a multivariate regression model, intrathoracic stomach percentage was predictive of operative complications (P = 0.014, OR 1.05), post-operative complications (P = 0.026, OR 1.01) and higher comprehensive complication index score (P = 0.023, OR 1.04). At 12 months it was predictive of failure to improve symptomatic reflux (P = 0.008, OR 1.02) and persistent PPI requirement (P = 0.047, OR 1.02). Operative duration and blood loss were predicted by BMI (P = 0.004 and P = 0.045 and P = 0.005) and intrathoracic stomach percentage (P = 0.009 and P P P = 0.003). Conclusion In a multivariate regression model, intrathoracic stomach percentage was predictive of operative and post-operative morbidity, PPI use, and failure to improve reflux symptoms at 12 months.
- Published
- 2022
34. Conditionally reprogrammed asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells express lower FOXJ1 at terminal differentiation and lower IFNs following RV-A1 infection
- Author
-
Punnam Chander Veerati, Kristy S. Nichol, Jane M. Read, Nathan W. Bartlett, Peter A. B. Wark, Darryl A. Knight, Christopher L. Grainge, and Andrew T. Reid
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Physiology ,Physiology (medical) ,Cell Biology - Abstract
Primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) obtained from donors have limited proliferation capacity. Recently, conditional reprogramming (CR) technique has overcome this and has provided the potential for extended passaging and subsequent differentiation of cells at air-liquid interface (ALI). However, there has been no donor-specific comparison of cell morphology, baseline gene expression, barrier function, and antiviral responses compared with their “parent” pBECs, especially cells obtained from donors with asthma. We, therefore, collected and differentiated pBECs at ALI from mild donors with asthma ( n = 6) for the parent group. The same cells were conditionally reprogrammed and later differentiated at ALI. Barrier function was measured during the differentiation phase. Morphology and baseline gene expression were compared at terminal differentiation. Viral replication kinetics and antiviral responses were assessed following rhinovirus (RV) infection over 96 h. Barrier function during the differentiation phase and cell structural morphology at terminal differentiation appear similar in both parent and CR groups, however, there were elongated cell structures superficial to basal cells and significantly lower FOXJ1 expression in CR group. IFN gene expression was also significantly lower in CR group compared with parent asthma group following RV infection. The CR technique is a beneficial tool to proliferate pBECs over extended passages. Considering lower FOXJ1 expression, viral replication kinetics and antiviral responses, a cautious approach should be taken while choosing CR cells for experiments. In addition, as lab-to-lab cell culture techniques vary, the most appropriate technique must be utilized to best match individual cell functions and morphologies to address specific research questions and experimental reproducibility across the labs.
- Published
- 2022
35. It’s risk, Jim, but not as we know it: identifying the risks associated with future Artificial General Intelligence-based Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle systems
- Author
-
Paul M. Salmon, Scott McLean, Tony Carden, Brandon King, Jason Thompson, Chris Baber, Neville A. Stanton, and Gemma J. M. Read
- Subjects
Medical Terminology ,Medical Assisting and Transcription - Abstract
The next generation of artificial intelligence, known as Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), could either revolutionise or destroy humanity. Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) has a critical role to play in the design of safe and ethical AGI; however, there is little evidence that HFE is contributing to development programs. This paper presents the findings from a study which involved the use of the Work Domain Analysis-Broken Nodes approach to identify the risks that could emerge in a future ‘envisioned world’ AGI-based unmanned combat aerial vehicle system. The findings demonstrate that there are various potential risks, but that the most critical arise not due to poor performance, but rather when the AGI attempts to achieve goals at the expense of other system values, or when the AGI becomes ‘super-intelligent’, and humans can no longer manage it. The urgent need for further work exploring the design of AGI controls is emphasised.
- Published
- 2022
36. NGTS-2b: an inflated hot-Jupiter transiting a bright F-dwarf
- Author
-
Liam Raynard, Michael R Goad, Edward Gillen, Louise D Nielsen, Christopher A Watson, Andrew P G Thompson, James McCormac, Daniel Bayliss, Maritza Soto, Szilard Csizmadia, Alexander Chaushev, Matthew R Burleigh, Richard Alexander, David J Armstrong, François Bouchy, Joshua T Briegal, Juan Cabrera, Sarah L Casewell, Bruno Chazelas, Benjamin F Cooke, Philipp Eigmüller, Anders Erikson, Boris T Gänsicke, Andrew Grange, Maximilian N Günther, Simon T Hodgkin, Matthew J Hooton, James S Jenkins, Gregory Lambert, Tom Louden, Lionel Metrailler, Maximiliano Moyano, Don Pollacco, Katja Poppenhaeger, Didier Queloz, Roberto Raddi, Heike Rauer, Andrew M Read, Barry Smalley, Alexis M S Smith, Oliver Turner, Stéphane Udry, Simon R Walker, Richard G West, and Peter J Wheatley
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Risks Associated with the Use of Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Systematic Review
- Author
-
Brandon J. King, Gemma J. M. Read, and Paul M. Salmon
- Subjects
Human-Computer Interaction ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Computer Science Applications - Published
- 2022
38. A Systems Approach to Performance Analysis in Women’s Netball: Using Work Domain Analysis to Model Elite Netball Performance
- Author
-
Scott Mclean, Adam Hulme, Mitchell Mooney, Gemma J. M. Read, Anthony Bedford, and Paul M. Salmon
- Subjects
netball ,performance analysis ,work domain analysis ,coaching ,women’s sport ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Netball is a newly professional women’s sport, as such there has been little research conducted investigating performance analysis (PA) in elite netball. The aim of this study was to develop a model of the elite netball performance system to identify the complex relationships among key performance indicators. Eleven elite subject matter experts (SMEs) participated in workshops to produce a systems model of the netball match performance. The model was developed using the work domain analysis (WDA) method. A model of the netball match performance system was produced showing the interrelated objects, processes, functions, values, and purposes involved in elite level netball matches. The model identified the components of elite level netball performance and the interactions and relationships between them. The output of this research has identified novel PA measures including passing and possession measures, measures of cognitive performance, and measures related to physical activity. Netball is a complex sport, involving multiple dynamic and interrelated components. Consequently, there is an opportunity to develop holistic PA measures that focus on interacting components, as opposed to components in isolation.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Differential mobility and local variation in infection attack rate.
- Author
-
David J Haw, Derek A T Cummings, Justin Lessler, Henrik Salje, Jonathan M Read, and Steven Riley
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Infectious disease transmission is an inherently spatial process in which a host's home location and their social mixing patterns are important, with the mixing of infectious individuals often different to that of susceptible individuals. Although incidence data for humans have traditionally been aggregated into low-resolution data sets, modern representative surveillance systems such as electronic hospital records generate high volume case data with precise home locations. Here, we use a gridded spatial transmission model of arbitrary resolution to investigate the theoretical relationship between population density, differential population movement and local variability in incidence. We show analytically that a uniform local attack rate is typically only possible for individual pixels in the grid if susceptible and infectious individuals move in the same way. Using a population in Guangdong, China, for which a robust quantitative description of movement is available (a travel kernel), and a natural history consistent with pandemic influenza; we show that local cumulative incidence is positively correlated with population density when susceptible individuals are more connected in space than infectious individuals. Conversely, under the less intuitively likely scenario, when infectious individuals are more connected, local cumulative incidence is negatively correlated with population density. The strength and direction of correlation changes sign for other kernel parameter values. We show that simulation models in which it is assumed implicitly that only infectious individuals move are assuming a slightly unusual specific correlation between population density and attack rate. However, we also show that this potential structural bias can be corrected by using the appropriate non-isotropic kernel that maps infectious-only code onto the isotropic dual-mobility kernel. These results describe a precise relationship between the spatio-social mixing of infectious and susceptible individuals and local variability in attack rates. More generally, these results suggest a genuine risk that mechanistic models of high-resolution attack rate data may reach spurious conclusions if the precise implications of spatial force-of-infection assumptions are not first fully characterized, prior to models being fit to data.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Managing the risks of artificial general intelligence: A human factors and ergonomics perspective
- Author
-
Paul M. Salmon, Chris Baber, Catherine Burns, Tony Carden, Nancy Cooke, Missy Cummings, Peter Hancock, Scott McLean, Gemma J. M. Read, and Neville A. Stanton
- Subjects
Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2023
41. Defining the attributes for specific playing positions in football match-play: A complex systems approach
- Author
-
Elise Berber, Scott McLean, Vanessa Beanland, Gemma J. M. Read, and Paul M. Salmon
- Published
- 2023
42. The Clinical Observership Program: A Valuable Experience for Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Residents
- Author
-
Andrew M. Read-Fuller, Daniel A. Hammer, and Myron R. Tucker
- Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology ,Surgery ,Oral Surgery - Published
- 2023
43. Minimizing N-losses at the orchard scale
- Author
-
S. Baram, S. Dabach, M. Read, T. Harter, P.H. Brown, J. Hopmans, and D. Smart
- Subjects
Horticulture - Published
- 2022
44. State of science: models and methods for understanding and enhancing teams and teamwork in complex sociotechnical systems
- Author
-
Aaron P. J. Roberts, Leonie V. Webster, Paul M. Salmon, Rhona Flin, Eduardo Salas, Nancy J. Cooke, Gemma J. M. Read, and Neville A. Stanton
- Subjects
Patient Care Team ,Humans ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Human Factors and Ergonomics - Abstract
This state of the science review brings together the disparate literature of effective strategies for enhancing and accelerating team performance. The review evaluates and synthesises models and proposes recommended avenues for future research. The two major models of the Input-Mediator-Output-Input (IMOI) framework and the Big Five dimensions of teamwork were reviewed and both will need significant development for application to future teams comprising non-human agents. Research suggests that a multi-method approach is appropriate for team measurements, such as the integration of methods from self-report, observer ratings, event-based measurement and automated recordings. Simulations are recommended as the most effective team-based training interventions. The impact of new technology and autonomous agents is discussed with respect to the changing nature of teamwork. In particular, whether existing teamwork models and measures are suitable to support the design, operation and evaluation of human-nonhuman teams of the future.
- Published
- 2021
45. Chapter 3 Madness and Miracles: Hoping for Healing in Rural Ghana
- Author
-
Ursula M. Read
- Published
- 2022
46. Tom Dunne and William L. Pressly, eds., James Barry, 1741–1806: History Painter
- Author
-
Dennis M. Read
- Abstract
In recent years Barry has gained serious attention, with a major exhibition of his works in Cork, Ireland, in 2005, a monograph that year by David G. C. Allan, and extensive discussion of his aims and contributions by Martin Myrone in Bodybuilding: Reforming Masculinities in British Art, 1750–1810 (2005) and Daniel R. Guernsey in The Artist and the State, 1777–1855: The Politics of Universal History in British and French Painting (2007). This growing interest began with the publication of William L. Pressly’s The Life and Art of James Barry in 1981, followed by a major exhibition of Barry’s work at the Tate in 1983 and John Barrell’s numerous references to Barry in his 1986 study, The Political Theory of Painting from Reynolds to Hazlitt. In this volume, Dunne and Pressly have collected fourteen essays from various hands, including Allan, Myrone, Guernsey, and Barrell, addressing a wide range of topics and questions involving Barry’s life and art. If the essays do not speak in one voice, they complement each other to a great extent.
- Published
- 2022
47. Social mixing patterns in the UK following the relaxation of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, July to August 2020:a cross-sectional online survey
- Author
-
Jessica RE Bridgen, Chris Jewell, and Jonathan M Read
- Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Humans ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Pandemics ,United Kingdom - Abstract
ObjectivesTo quantify and characterise non-household contact and to identify the effect of shielding and isolating on contact patterns.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsAnyone living in the UK was eligible to take part in the study. We recorded 5143 responses to the online questionnaire between 28 July 2020 and 14 August 2020.Outcome measuresOur primary outcome was the daily non-household contact rate of participants. Secondary outcomes were propensity to leave home over a 7 day period, whether contacts had occurred indoors or outdoors locations visited, the furthest distance travelled from home, ability to socially distance and membership of support bubble.ResultsThe mean rate of non-household contacts per person was 2.9 d-1. Participants attending a workplace (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 3.33, 95% CI 3.02 to 3.66), self-employed (aIRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.87) or working in healthcare (aIRR 5.10, 95% CI 4.29 to 6.10) reported significantly higher non-household contact rates than those working from home. Participants self-isolating as a precaution or following Test and Trace instructions had a lower non-household contact rate than those not self-isolating (aIRR 0.58, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.79). We found limited evidence that those shielding had reduced non-household contacts compared with non-shielders.ConclusionThe daily rate of non-household interactions remained lower than prepandemic levels measured by other studies, suggesting continued adherence to social distancing guidelines. Individuals attending a workplace in-person or employed as healthcare professionals were less likely to maintain social distance and had a higher non-household contact rate, possibly increasing their infection risk. Shielding and self-isolating individuals required greater support to enable them to follow the government guidelines and reduce non-household contact and therefore their risk of infection.
- Published
- 2022
48. Development of a Systems-Based Human Factors Design Approach for Road Safety Applications.
- Author
-
Gemma J. M. Read, Paul M. Salmon, and Michael G. Lenné
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Who interacts with whom? Social mixing insights from a rural population in India.
- Author
-
Supriya Kumar, Mudita Gosain, Hanspria Sharma, Eric Swetts, Ritvik Amarchand, Rakesh Kumar, Kathryn E Lafond, Fatimah S Dawood, Seema Jain, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Jonathan M Read, and Anand Krishnan
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with most ALRI deaths occurring in children in developing countries. Computational models can be used to test the efficacy of respiratory infection prevention interventions, but require data on social mixing patterns, which are sparse in developing countries. We describe social mixing patterns among a rural community in northern India. During October 2015-February 2016, trained field workers conducted cross-sectional face-to-face standardized surveys in a convenience sample of 330 households in Faridabad District, Haryana State, India. Respondents were asked about the number, duration, and setting of social interactions during the previous 24 hours. Responses were compared by age and gender. Among the 3083 residents who were approached, 2943 (96%) participated, of whom 51% were male and the median age was 22 years (interquartile range (IQR) 9-37). Respondents reported contact (defined as having had a face-to-face conversation within 3 feet, which may or may not have included physical contact) with a median of 17 (IQR 12-25) people during the preceding 24 hours. Median total contact time per person was 36 person-hours (IQR 26-52). Female older children and adults had significantly fewer contacts than males of similar age (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 226.59, p
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The influence of racism on cigarette smoking: Longitudinal study of young people in a British multiethnic cohort.
- Author
-
Ursula M Read, Alexis Karamanos, Maria João Silva, Oarabile R Molaodi, Zinat E Enayat, Aidan Cassidy, J Kennedy Cruickshank, and Seeromanie Harding
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
IntroductionStudies, predominantly from the US, suggest that positive parenting, social support, academic achievement, and ethnic identity may buffer the impact of racism on health behaviours, including smoking, but little is known about how such effects might operate for ethnically diverse young people in the United Kingdom. We use the Determinants of young Adult Social well-being and Health (DASH), the largest UK longitudinal study of ethnically diverse young people, to address the following questions: a) Is racism associated with smoking? b) Does the relationship between racism and smoking vary by gender and by ethnicity? (c) Do religious involvement, parenting style and relationship with parents modify any observed relationship? and d) What are the qualitative experiences of racism and how might family or religion buffer the impact?MethodsThe cohort was recruited from 51 London schools. 6643 were seen at 11-13y and 4785 seen again at 14-16y. 665 participated in pilot follow-up at 21-23y, 42 in qualitative interviews. Self-report questionnaires included lifestyles, socio-economic and psychosocial factors. Mixed-effect models examined the associations between racism and smoking.ResultsSmoking prevalence increased from adolescence to age 21-23y, although ethnic minorities remained less likely to smoke. Racism was an independent longitudinal correlate of ever smoking throughout adolescence (odds ratio 1.77, 95% Confidence Interval 1.45-2.17) and from early adolescence to early 20s (1.90, 95% CI 1.25-2.90). Smoking initiation in late adolescence was associated with cumulative exposure to racism (1.77, 95% CI 1.23-2.54). Parent-child relationships and place of worship attendance were independent longitudinal correlates that were protective of smoking. Qualitative narratives explored how parenting, religion and cultural identity buffered the adverse impact of racism.ConclusionsRacism was associated with smoking behaviour from early adolescence to early adulthood, regardless of gender, ethnicity or socio-economic circumstances adding to evidence of the need to consider racism as an important social determinant of health across the life course.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.