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Livestock in the tropics is characterized by the use of production systems based on low quality pastures, Tithonia diversifolia; due to its productive potential and adequate nutritional value, stands as an alternative for the supplementation of grazing animals. With the objective of evaluating the productive behavior of T. diversifolia according to the climate and soil conditions of the eastern region of Cuba. For which, an experimental design was used in randomized blocks, where the cutoff moments (60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days) were established as treatments. Total, edible and dry matter biomass were determined; the effect of plant age on these indicators was taken into account. For the statistical processing, the influence of the cutting times on the yields was taken into account, for this regression, equations were obtained (linear, quadratic, cubic, logarithmic and gompertz) and where the descending method was taken into account for its selection. The results showed that the productive indicators increased with forage maturity, with the highest values at 180 days (46.18 t.ha–1 of green forage; 10.96 t.ha–1 of dry forage), for the period of least rainfall. Total forage and dry forage production; in the case of edible biomass, it was better in the dry period (16.20 t.ha–1), and linear, quadratic and cubic functions were fitted with R2 values greater than 0.90 in both climatic phases. Foliage maturity has a marked effect on its productivity, but with a similar response in each seasonal period but different specific values.

7 páginas, 4 tablas., Finding alternatives to deal with the lack of feed during the dry period is a challenge for animal research in tropical areas. The effect of age of regrowth (60, 120 or 180 days), chemical composition and secondary metabolites on Leucaena leucocephala digestibility was evaluated. A randomized block design with six replicates was used. The statistical procedures included analysis of variance and correlation and regression analysis. Multiple linear equations between in vitro and in situ digestibility, as dependent variables, and the age of regrowth, NDF, ADF, lignin, Ca, Si, NDF/N, ADF/N, tannins, condensed tannins and saponins, as explanatory variables, were established. An increase in cell wall content and its components with age of regrowth, and a variable response in mineral concentrations were observed. The linear equations relating digestibility with the age of regrowth, NDF, ADF and Si (R2[0.78) or with the secondary metabolites tannins, condensed tannins and saponins (R2[ 0.79) were statistically significant (p\0.05) explaining a high proportion of variance. The regrowth age, cell wall components, polyphenol compounds, saponins contents determined the forage digestibility and these aspects must be taken into consideration to estimate the nutritional value of Leucaena roughage to be used as feedstuff for animals.

10 páginas, 4 tablas., This experiment has examined the effects of age of regrowth (60, 120 or 180 days) and season (dry or rainy period) on the nutritional quality of roughage from Erythrina variegata harvested in the Cauto Valley, Cuba. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. Proximate and mineral composition, in vitro and in situ dry matter digestibility were evaluated, in addition to the secondary metabolites (tannins, phenols, verbascose, stachyose, raffinose, flavonoids, triterpenes and steroids) at different ages of regrowth, in both seasons of the year. There was a significant interaction between treatments for most of the nutritional components or digestibility coefficients analyzed, although the pattern followed with age of regrowth was similar in both seasons. The gas production increased with the age of regrowth and the higher value was obtained during the dry season, while the lag phase was longer in the rainy season. The results of this study show the marked effect of climatic factors on the nutritive quality of E. variegata. In general, as maturity was increased the concentrations of secondary metabolites also increased, but only condensed tannins were close to the limits for which ruminal fermentations can be affected. All these aspects should be considered in this species when it is used in animal feeding.

The present work was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the regrowth age on the chemical composition, digestibility and polyphenol content of the Jatropha curcas in an area of Cauto Valley. Was used piece of ground of Jatropha curcaswith two years of establishment. A randomized block design with six replicas was used. The treatments were regrowth ages of60, 120 and 180 days. At the beginning of each seasonal period a homogeneity cut was made at 1 m above the ground level. Fromthere the sampling was carried out in 10 random plants eliminating the edge effect in an area of 0.5 ha, according to the treatments.The chemical composition of Jatropha curcas the dry matter content, DNF, ADF, ADL, increase with age with its best results at 180 days with 28.82 ; 51.53 ; 33.44 and 20.22 % ; while the CP and cellular content decrease with its highest results at 60 days 27.78 and58.79 %. The minerals showed a very variable behavior. The highest energy contribution and digestibility percentage at 60 days of age with a decrease of 11.04 ; 7.40 ; 8.90 % ; 1.58 and 1.11 MJ / kg. Polyphenolic compounds increase with age with the best results at180 days of age with 11.26, 21.10, 113.93, 111.49 and 2.46 g / Kg, respectively ; for total tannins, total phenols, TCT, TBCT and FTC. The results of the present investigation evidenced the marked effect of climatic factors and age on the quality of the Jatropha curcas, as the maturity of the forage progressed, its nutritional contribution decreased with a decrease in the CP, the nutrient content, digestibility and energy, as well as an increase in the fibrous fraction and the content of polyphenolic compounds.

A panel of experts (the 2014 Panel) convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs developed an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) on the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with prosthetic joints who are undergoing dental procedures. This CPG is intended to clarify the "Prevention of Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures: Evidence-based Guideline and Evidence Report," which was developed and published by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Dental Association (the 2012 Panel).The 2014 Panel based the current CPG on literature search results and direct evidence contained in the comprehensive systematic review published by the 2012 Panel, as well as the results from an updated literature search. The 2014 Panel identified 4 case-control studies.The 2014 Panel judged that the current best evidence failed to demonstrate an association between dental procedures and prosthetic joint infection (PJI). The 2014 Panel also presented information about antibiotic resistance, adverse drug reactions, and costs associated with prescribing antibiotics for PJI prophylaxis.The 2014 Panel made the following clinical recommendation: In general, for patients with prosthetic joint implants, prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended prior to dental procedures to prevent prosthetic joint infection. The practitioner and patient should consider possible clinical circumstances that may suggest the presence of a significant medical risk in providing dental care without antibiotic prophylaxis, as well as the known risks of frequent or widespread antibiotic use. As part of the evidence-based approach to care, this clinical recommendation should be integrated with the practitioner's professional judgment and the patient's needs and preferences.