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The continuing threats of military conflicts and terrorism may involve the misuse of chemical weapons. The present study aims to use environmental samples to find evidence of the release of such agents at an incident scene. A novel approach was developed for identifying protein adducts in plants. Basil (

We analyze a sample of 25 [Ne v] (λ3426) emission-line galaxies at 1.4 < z < 2.3 using Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 G102 and G141 grism observations from the CANDELS Lyα Emission at Reionization (CLEAR) survey. [Ne v] emission probes extremely energetic photoionization (creation potential of 97.11 eV) and is often attributed to energetic radiation from active galactic nuclei (AGNs), shocks from supernovae, or an otherwise very hard ionizing spectrum from the stellar continuum. In this work, we use [Ne v] in conjunction with other rest-frame UV/optical emission lines ([O ii] λ λ3726, 3729, [Ne iii] λ3869, Hβ, [O iii] λ λ4959, 5007, Hα+[N ii] λ λ6548, 6583, [S ii] λ λ6716, 6731), deep (2–7 Ms) X-ray observations (from Chandra), and mid-infrared imaging (from Spitzer) to study the origin of this emission and to place constraints on the nature of the ionizing engine. The majority of the [Ne v]-detected galaxies have properties consistent with ionization from AGNs. However, for our [Ne v]-selected sample, the X-ray luminosities are consistent with local (z ≲ 0.1) X-ray-selected Seyferts, but the [Ne v] luminosities are more consistent with those from z ∼ 1 X-ray-selected QSOs. The excess [Ne v] emission requires either reduced hard X-rays or a ∼0.1 keV excess. We discuss possible origins of the apparent [Ne v] excess, which could be related to the “soft (X-ray) excess” observed in some QSOs and Seyferts and/or be a consequence of a complex/anisotropic geometry for the narrow-line region, combined with absorption from a warm, relativistic wind ejected from the accretion disk. We also consider implications for future studies of extreme high-ionization systems in the epoch of reionization (z ≳ 6) with the James Webb Space Telescope.

International audience; ObjectivesThe objective of our research is to study the social organization within institutions welcoming dependent older adults and the potential impact of introducing a social robot.Materials and methodsIn a co-design approach with professionals, the observation of behaviors, regulated by social rules and norms, will allow, in a way coherent with our empirical approach, to question the conditions necessary for the design of an acceptable human–robot interaction. The ethnographic observations, which were cancelled due to the Covid crisis, led us to use the “cultural probes” method combined with interviews, to understand the daily work of health professionals better.ResultsThe analysis of the collected data allows us to identify 5 recurrent themes – Time and personnel, the health situation,1 Communication/Attention, Guiding, Activities – for which we have listed, in this article, the issues encountered, the questions raised and ideas of potential solutions with the use of a social robot.ConclusionThe Cultural Probes approach may seem time-consuming and requires a significant investment, but it has allowed us to maintain regular contact during the pandemic. In addition, the qualitative data collected proved to be a good discussion tool.

Resume Objectif Analyser les pratiques professionnelles au sein d’un reseau de perinatalite sur la prise en charge des grossesses prolongees. L’objectif secondaire etait d’evaluer la morbidite neonatale et maternelle en cas de grossesse prolongee. Methodes Etude observationnelle, retrospective realisee dans les 23 maternites du reseau de perinatalite entre septembre et decembre 2018. Le critere d’inclusion etait un accouchement a un terme ≥ 41+0 SA. Le critere de jugement principal etait la conformite aux recommandations du CNGOF evaluee sur 10 items (conforme si score ≥ 80 %). Les criteres de jugement secondaires etaient des criteres composites de morbidite neonatale (ventilation, reanimation et/ou score d’Apgar inferieur a 7 a 5 min de vie) et maternelle (lesion obstetricale du sphincter anal et/ou hemorragie du post-partum). Resultats Sur les 596 patientes incluses, 65,3 % des dossiers etaient conformes. Les criteres non conformes etaient surtout la recherche d’oligoamnios a l’echographie (46,8 % ; n = 279) et l’information des patientes (14,8 % ; n = 88). La morbidite neonatale concernait 40 nouveau-nes (6,0 %) avec comme facteur de risque la dystocie des epaules (OR = 5,2 ; IC 95 % : 1,4–19,7). La morbidite maternelle concernait 70 patientes (10,6 %) notamment lorsque le travail est allonge (OR = 1,1 par heure de travail ; IC 95 % : 1,02–1,24) et pour les uterus cicatriciels (OR = 4,4 ; IC95 % : 1,8–11,0). Conclusions Le rythme de surveillance des grossesses prolongees est en accord avec les recommandations nationales. Les axes d’ameliorations sont la recherche d’un oligoamnios par la mesure de la plus grande citerne a l’echographie, et l’information faite aux patientes sur les possibilites de declenchement.

Background Prostate cancer (PC) is a leading cause of death in older men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is considered the standard-of-care for men with locally advanced disease. However, continuous androgen ablation is associated with acute and long-term adverse effects and most patients will eventually develop castration-resistant PC (CRPC). The recent approval of three, second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs), apalutamide, enzalutamide, and darolutamide, has transformed the treatment landscape of PC. Treatment with these second-generation ARIs have produced positive trends in metastasis-free survival, progression-free survival, and overall survival. For patients with non-metastatic CRPC, who are mainly asymptomatic from their disease, maintaining quality of life is a major objective when prescribing therapy. Polypharmacy for age-related comorbidities also is common in this population and may increase the potential for drug–drug interactions (DDIs). Method This review summarizes the multiple factors that may contribute to the therapeutic burden of patients with CRPC, including the interplay between age, comorbidities, concomitant medications, the use of ARIs, and financial distress. Conclusions As the treatment landscape in PC continues to rapidly evolve, consideration must be given to the balance between therapeutic benefits and potential treatment-emergent adverse events that may be further complicated by DDIs with concomitant medications. Patient-centered communication is a crucial aspect of alleviating this burden, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) may benefit from training in effective patient communication. HCPs should closely and frequently monitor patient treatment responses, in order to better understand symptom onset and exacerbation. Patients also should be encouraged to participate in exercise programs, and health information and support groups, which may assist them in preventing or mitigating certain determinants of the therapeutic burden associated with PC and its management.

The study of return prediction is fundamental to investors. However, inconclusive evidence exists as to whether returns on the South African (SA) stock market may be explained by movements in SA or...

20th CIRP Conference on Electro Physical and Chemical Machining, ISEM 2020, online, 19 Jan 2021 - 21 Jan 2021; Procedia CIRP 95, 178-182 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.procir.2020.02.318 special issue: "20th CIRP Conference on Electro Physical and Chemical Machining / Edited by Konrad Wegener, Moritz Wiessner", Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

Observations of high-redshift galaxies ($z >$ 5) have shown that these galaxies have extreme emission lines with equivalent widths much larger than their local star-forming counterparts. Extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) in the nearby universe are likely analogues to galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization and provide nearby laboratories to understand the physical processes important to the early universe. We use HST/COS and LBT/MODS spectra to study two nearby EELGs, J104457 and J141851. The FUV spectra indicate that these two galaxies contain stellar populations with ages $< \sim$ 10 Myr and metallicities $\leq$ 0.15 Z$_\odot$. We use photoionization modeling to compare emission lines from models of single-age bursts of star-formation to observed emission lines and find that the single-age bursts do not reproduce high-ionization lines including [O III] or very-high ionization lines like He II or [O IV]. Photoionization modeling using the stellar populations fit from the UV continuum similarly are not capable of reproducing the emission lines from the very-high ionization zone. We add a blackbody to the stellar populations fit from the UV continuum to model the necessary high-energy photons to reproduce the very-high ionization lines of He II and [O IV]. We find that we need a blackbody of 80,000 K and $\sim$60-70% of the luminosity from the young stellar population to reproduce the very-high ionization lines while simultaneously reproducing the low- intermediate-, and high-ionization emission lines. Our self-consistent model of the ionizing spectra of two nearby EELGs indicates the presence of a previously unaccounted-for source of hard ionizing photons in reionization analogues., 24 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ

Stellar population models produce radiation fields that ionize oxygen up to O+2, defining the limit of standard HII region models (54.4 eV). The 4-zone model has little to no effect on the measured total nebular abundances, but does change the interpretation of other EELG properties: we measure steeper central ionization gradients, higher volume-averaged ionization parameters, and higher central T_e, n_e, and logU values. Traditional 3-zone estimates of the ionization parameter can under-estimate the average log U by up to 0.5 dex. Additionally, we find a model-independent dichotomy in the abundance patterns, where the alpha/H-abundances are consistent but N/H, C/H, and Fe/H are relatively deficient, suggesting these EELGs are alpha/Fe-enriched by >3 times. However, there still is a high-energy ionizing photon production problem (HEIP^3). Even for such alpha/Fe-enrichment and very-high log Us, photoionization models cannot reproduce the very-high-ionization emission lines observed in EELGs., 32 pages, 14 figures, resubmitted to ApJ

ESAFORM 2021 : 24th International Conference on Material Forming 24th International Conference on Material Forming, ESAFORM 2021, online, 14 Apr 2021 - 16 Apr 2021; Li��ge : ULi��ge Library 4032, 1-9 (2021). doi:10.25518/esaform21.4032, Published by ULi��ge Library, Li��ge

20th CIRP Conference on Electro Physical and Chemical Machining, ISEM 2020, online, 19 Jan 2021 - 21 Jan 2021; Procedia CIRP 95, 290-295 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.procir.2020.01.165 special issue: "20th CIRP Conference on Electro Physical and Chemical Machining / Edited by Konrad Wegener, Moritz Wiessner", Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

To assess professional practices of prolonged and post-term pregnancies in accordance to French guidelines. The secondary outcome was to evaluate neonatal and maternal morbidity during prolonged pregnancy.Descriptive retrospective study was conducted in the 23 maternity hospitals of perinatal network between September and December 2018. The inclusion criterion was a birth term of≥41A total of 596 patients were included and the conformity was obtained in 65.3% of cases. Inconsistent criteria were amniotic fluid evaluation by the deepest vertical pocket (46.8%, n=279), and information of patients on prolonged pregnancy management (14.8%, n=88). Adverse perinatal outcome occurred for 40 newborns (6.0%) with shoulder dystocia (OR=5.2; CI 95%: 1.4-19.7) as a principal risk factor. Maternal morbidity outcome occurred in 70 cases (10.6%) primarily with increase in labour duration (OR=1.1 by hour of labour; CI 95%: 1.02-1.24) and prior caesarian section (OR=4.4; CI 95%: 1.8-11.0).Management of prolonged and post-term pregnancies matching with the French national guidelines. Points of improvement are amniotic fluid evaluation at term by a single deepest vertical pocket, and the information about induction of labour at term.

This paper outlines the GE Advanced Process Control system installed at the Lonmin Smelter Hot Gas Generator and Flash Dryer unit operations. The objective was to stabilise the temperature profiles throughout the circuit, improve plant up-time and manage inventory levels. Regulating the process purely with conventional control techniques was difficult due to the inherent slow and non-linear temperature dynamics of the system. A combination of Internal-Model-Control, Smith-Predictor and Proportional-Integral-Derivative techniques coupled with rules was utilized to reduce temperature variance with a mean throughput increase of 4.6 tonne/hour observed during the on-off evaluation period.

El dolor cronico postoperatorio (DCPO) es el dolor que persiste mas de 3-6 meses. Se estima su incidencia en alrededor del 30 %. Se pueden clasificar en tres grupos: el grupo en el que normalmente el dolor preoperatorio no existe o es bajo, que se puede vincular con frecuencia a lesiones nerviosas; el grupo en el que el dolor existe previamente a la cirugia, con frecuencia asociado a un mecanismo de inflamacion con su repercusion psicologica propia, y un grupo mixto en el que el dolor puede ser preexistente pero se encuentra exacerbado en el postoperatorio y cuyo mecanismo consiste en una mezcla de exceso de nocicepcion, inflamacion y dolor neuropatico. En este articulo se trataran los diferentes factores predictivos preoperatorios. El tratamiento preoperatorio se contempla dentro del marco de una recuperacion rapida tras cirugia, poniendo de manifiesto la importancia de un tratamiento multidisciplinario. En el tiempo quirurgico, la prevencion quirurgica tiene una influencia fundamental sobre la incidencia del DCPO. En plano anestesico, la prevencion farmacologica puede incluir la ketamina, los gabapentinoides, el oxido nitroso, la analgesia local y locorregional, la lidocaina intravenosa y los agonistas α2. En el periodo postoperatorio inmediato, se analiza la gestion de los opioides y otros analgesicos con base en ejemplos practicos. La revision de la Societe Francaise d’Anesthesie-Reanimation recuerda el principio de analgesia multimodal basado en los analgesicos, antiinflamatorios, antihiperalgesicos, la anestesia locorregional (cateteres perineurales y adyuvantes). Las unidades moviles de dolor agudo tienen una funcion en la gestion postoperatoria inmediata del DCPO. Por ultimo, es indispensable anticipar el alta hospitalaria de estos pacientes y prever un seguimiento analgesico y psicologico adaptado para el domicilio. Asi, para estos pacientes sometidos a cirugia recientemente, parece indispensable la creacion de consultas posquirurgicas especializadas.

This article explores the idea that localisation may be an important sustainability strategy to reduce the harmful socio-ecological effects of economic globalisation. The processes of selecting sustainability indices with which to correlate localisation indices, and incorporating ecological footprint results to convert Bhutan's Gross National Happiness Index to a sustainability index that includes environmental impact measures, are described. Correlation analysis was then used to explore whether the most sustainable places are also the most localised, at regional and national levels. A strongly positive regional result for Bhutan indicates that as localisation increases in the districts there so does sustainability. At the national level global localisation and sustainability correlations were not significant, however due to the inability of national level measurement to capture important sustainability dimensions this result is unreliable. As localisation and sustainability are ideally measured in the same way everywhere according to global principles with cultural adjustments, the Bhutanese result adds weight to suggestions that localisation be explored to inform sustainability planning, as an important alternative to current unsuccessful sustainability strategies based on economic globalisation. Interviews carried out to explore the causality of the positive correlation results in Bhutan, confirmed that localisation is an important aspect of sustainability planning there.

33 Background: Patients with advanced cancer are frequently hospitalized and experience burdensome transitions of care after discharge. Interventions to address patients’ symptoms, support medication management, and ensure continuity of care after discharge are lacking. We sought to demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of CONTINUUM (CONTINUity of care Under Management by video visits) for this population. Methods: We conducted a single-arm pilot trial (n = 50) of CONTINUUM at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). The intervention consisted of a video visit with an oncology nurse practitioner (NP) within 3 business days of hospital discharge to address symptoms, medication management, hospitalization-related issues, and care coordination. Prior to discharge, we enrolled English-speaking adults with advanced breast, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or thoracic cancers experiencing an unplanned hospitalization who were receiving ongoing oncology care at MGH and being discharged home without hospice services. We defined the intervention as feasible if ≥70% of approached and eligible patients enrolled and if ≥70% of enrolled patients completed the intervention within 3 business days of discharge. At 2 weeks after discharge, patients rated the ease of use of the video technology and stated whether they would recommend the intervention. NPs completed post-intervention surveys to assess fidelity to the intervention protocol. Results: From 01/07/21 to 05/28/21, we enrolled 50 patients (75% of patients approached). Of the enrolled patients (median age = 65 years; 62% and 22% had advanced gastrointestinal or thoracic cancers, respectively), 78% of enrolled patients received the intervention within 3 business days of discharge. Patient rating of the ease of use of video technology was a mean of 7.6 out of 10, with 72% stating they “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that they would recommend the intervention. NP post-intervention surveys revealed that visits primarily focused on symptom management (56%), followed by addressing post-hospital care issues (21%). Of the 30 patients with 30-day follow-up, 43% were readmitted within 30 days of discharge, and 17% died within 30 days of discharge. Conclusions: We found that CONTINUUM, which consists of an NP-delivered video visit soon after hospital discharge addressing patients’ symptoms, medications, and care coordination, represents a feasible and acceptable approach to provide post-discharge care for hospitalized patients with advanced cancer. Future studies will test the efficacy of the intervention for reducing hospital readmissions. Clinical trial information: NCT04640714.

Prostate cancer (PC) is primarily a disease of older men. As the risk of neurocognitive decline increases as people age, cognitive dysfunction is a potential complication in men with PC, imposing detrimental effects on functional independence and quality of life. Importantly, risk of cognitive decline may increase with exposure to androgen deprivation therapy and other hormonal therapies. Particular consideration should be given to patients with castration-resistant PC (CRPC), many of whom require continuous, long-term androgen deprivation therapy combined with a second-generation androgen receptor inhibitor. Non-comparative evidence from interventional trials of androgen receptor inhibitors in men with non-metastatic CRPC suggests differential effects on cognitive function and central nervous system-related adverse events within this drug class. Drug-drug interactions with concomitant medications for chronic, non-malignant comorbidities differ among ARIs and thus may contribute further to cognitive impairment. Hence, establishing baseline cognitive function is a prerequisite to identifying subsequent clinical decline associated with androgen receptor-targeted therapies. Although brief, sensitive screening tools for cancer-related cognitive dysfunction are lacking, mental status can be ascertained from the initial medical history and neurocognitive examination, progressing to more in-depth evaluation when impairment is suspected. On-treatment neurocognitive monitoring should be integrated into regular clinical follow-up to preserve cognitive function and quality of life throughout disease management. This review summarizes the multiple factors that may contribute to cognitive decline in men with CRPC, awareness of which will assist clinicians to optimize individual treatment. Practical, clinic-based strategies for managing the risks for and symptoms of cognitive dysfunction are also discussed.

Localisation is an important sustainability strategy that may reduce the harmful socio-ecological effects of economic globalisation. This article describes the development of a localisation metric set, and the formation of a composite, multi-criteria global localisation index (GLI). The index comprises 103 countries from across the global North and South, for which the required data was available. In forming the GLI, secondary source data was gathered according to localisation-expert determined metrics, which were then weighted, standardised, scored and ranked. Bhutan, which tops the GLI, may do so due to the prioritisation of socio-ecological health and participative democracy there, as in many Latin American countries that also achieve high localisation scores whilst minimally compromising sustainability thresholds. The GLI may assist those seeking to strategise localisation as it identifies the most localised places, which may serve case study purposes.

Objective To study the administration, relevance, and traceability of indications of oxytocin during spontaneous labor among low-risk pregnancy patients in Pays de la Loire.

We utilize deep Chandra X-ray Observatory imaging and spectra of M82, the prototype of a starbursting galaxy with a multiphase wind, to map the hot plasma properties along the minor axis of the galaxy. We extract spectra from 11 regions up to 2.5 kpc from the starbursting midplane and model the data as a multi-temperature, optically thin thermal plasma with contributions from a non-thermal (power-law) component and from charge exchange (CX). We examine the gradients in best-fit parameters, including the intrinsic column density, plasma temperature, metal abundances, and number density of the hot gas as a function of distance from the M82 nucleus. We find that the temperatures and number densities of the warm-hot and hot plasma peak at the starbursting ridge and decreases along the minor axis. The temperature and density profiles are inconsistent with spherical adiabatic expansion of a super-heated wind and suggest mass loading and mixing of the hot phase with colder material. Non-thermal emission is detected in all of the regions considered, and CX comprises 8-25% of the total absorption-corrected, broad-band (0.5-7 keV) X-ray flux. We show that the abundances of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe are roughly constant across the regions considered, while Si and S peak within 500 pc of the central starburst. These findings support a direct connection between the M82 superwind and the warm-hot, metal-rich circumgalactic medium (CGM)., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, ApJ in press

The nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) is recognized as a reliable plant-based method for diagnosing the crop nitrogen status (CNS). The NNI is based on the concept of critical nitrogen (Nc) dilution curve describing the Nc concentration in the whole plant as a function of the total crop biomass (W). The objectives of this study were (i) to establish the specific potato Nc dilution curve for cv. Bintje under Belgian growing conditions; (ii) to assess if the established curve for cv. Bintje could be used for cv. Charlotte; (iii) to compare the established curve with the existing Nc potato curves; and (iv) to assess the possibility of using the obtained Nc curve to evaluate the potato CNS and to predict the final yield. Field experiments studying increasing nitrogen (N) rates were conducted at different locations in Belgium for several years. Biomass N concentration and W production were determined at different sampling dates, and the final tuber yield was determined at harvest. At a sampling date, the Nc was determined by selecting the data point from the treatment presenting the highest W. The NNI was calculated as the ratio between the measured N concentration in W and the predicted Nc according to the Nc dilution curve. The Nc curve (Nc (%) = 5.37 W−0.45) was developed for potato for cv. Bintje under Belgian conditions matching also for cv. Charlotte. The Belgian Nc curve presented similar values as the curves developed previously in Scotland and the Netherlands. NNI was related to relative tuber yield (ratio between the tuber yield obtained for a given N rate and the highest tuber yield obtained among all N application rates). The Nc curve and the NNI adequately identified situations of limiting and non-limiting N nutrition and could be used to establish the potato CNS and to predict the final yield.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-021-00358-9

42 Background: Patients with advanced genitourinary (GU) cancers are often hospitalized for complications of their cancer and symptom management. Yet, little is known about the symptom burden, functional status, and health care utilization of these patients. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with advanced cancer who experienced unplanned hospitalizations at an academic medical center. Upon admission, we asked patients to self-report their physical (Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale-revised [ESAS-r]) and psychological (Patient Health Questionnaire-4 [PHQ-4]) symptoms. We also collected data from nursing assessments about impairments in activities of daily living (ADLs). We compared symptoms, functional impairment, readmissions, and overall survival (OS) between cancer types (dichotomizing GU cancers vs other cancer types) and within GU cancers (dichotomizing prostate cancer vs kidney/bladder/adrenal cancer) using univariate and multivariable regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, comorbidities, and time since advanced cancer diagnosis. Results: Among 971 patients enrolled, 106 (10.9%) had advanced GU cancers (39.6% prostate cancer, 32.1% kidney cancer, 25.5% bladder cancer, and 2.8% adrenal cancer). Compared to patients with other cancer types, patients with GU cancers were older (median: 69.0 vs 64.0 years, p < 0.001) and had more time since advanced cancer diagnosis (median: 14.0 vs 7.0 months, p < 0.001). In univariate analyses, a greater proportion of patients with GU cancers had an ADL impairment (57.5% vs 38.0%, p < 0.001) compared to other cancer types but the groups did not differ in their physical (Mean = 33.3 vs 32.6, p = 0.61) or depression (Mean = 4.1 vs 3.3, p = 0.05) symptoms. In multivariable models, patients with GU cancers had similar risk of readmission in 90 days (HR 1.31, p = 0.077), but worse survival (median OS: 102.0 days vs 133.5 days, p < 0.001; HR 1.27, p = 0.046). Within GU cancers, patients with kidney/bladder/adrenal cancer (vs. prostate cancer) were younger (median: 66.0 vs 74.0, p < 0.001) with less time since advanced cancer diagnosis (median: 9.0 vs 23.0 months, p = 0.012) but had no difference in symptoms or functional impairment. They were more likely to be admitted for symptom management (66% vs. 39% for prostate cancer, p = 0.026). Patients with kidney/bladder/adrenal cancer also had higher risk of readmission (HR 2.04, p = 0.043) but no difference in OS, compared to patients with prostate cancer. Conclusions: We found that hospitalized patients with advanced GU cancers had significantly greater functional impairment and worse survival compared to those with other cancer types, and those with kidney/bladder/adrenal cancer had significantly higher readmission risk compared to those with prostate cancer. These findings support the need to develop tailored supportive care for hospitalized patients with GU cancers.

Stellar feedback is needed to produce realistic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and galaxies in simulations, but due to limited numerical resolution, feedback must be implemented using subgrid models. Observational work is an important means to test and anchor these models, but limited studies have assessed the relative dynamical role of multiple feedback modes, particularly at the earliest stages of expansion when HII regions are still deeply embedded. In this paper, we use multiwavelength (radio, infrared, and X-ray) data to measure the pressures associated with direct radiation ($P_{\rm dir}$), dust-processed radiation ($P_{\rm IR}$), photoionization heating ($P_{\rm HII}$), and shock-heating from stellar winds ($P_{\rm X}$) in a sample of 106 young, resolved HII regions with radii $\lesssim$0.5 pc to determine how stellar feedback drives their expansion. We find that the $P_{\rm IR}$ dominates in 84% of the regions and that the median $P_{\rm dir}$ and $P_{\rm HII}$ are smaller than the median $P_{\rm IR}$ by factors of $\approx 6$ and $\approx 9$, respectively. Based on the radial dependences of the pressure terms, we show that HII regions transition from $P_{\rm IR}$-dominated to $P_{\rm HII}$-dominated at radii of $\sim$3 pc. We find a median trapping factor of $f_{\rm trap} \sim$ 8 without any radial dependence for the sample, suggesting this value can be adopted in sub-grid feedback models. Moreover, we show that the total pressure is greater than the gravitational pressure in the majority of our sample, indicating that the feedback is sufficient to expel gas from the regions., 13 pages, 8 figures, ApJ, in press

International audience; The Rhône Valley Human-Environment Observatory (OHM) studies hydrosystem dynamics and riverine societies along the French Rhône river course. Since 2010, data centralization and diffusion have been structured within a SDI (Spatial Data Infrastructure) which has strengthened the interactions between scientists and practitioners. In 2018, the CHRONO-RHÔNE project is conducted in this context of knowledge sharing. The objective is to develop a chronosystemic timeline describing the significant events in the Rhône geo-historical trajectory in regard to the OHM research results. This timeline is aimed to be a communication tool for river managers and a working tool for researchers in order to cross disciplines and to raise new scientific issues. This communication presents the steps of timeline construction, from the conception of a trial version to the organization of a researchers-managers workshop. The challenge lies in developing a dynamic, ergonomic and evolving web tool. We believe that the SAGEO'2018 workshop will provide us some technical solutions.; L’Observatoire Hommes-Milieux (OHM) Vallée du Rhône appréhende les dynamiques de l’hydrosystème et des sociétés riveraines sur l’ensemble du Rhône français. Depuis sa création en 2010, la mutualisation et la valorisation des données produites ont été structurées dans une Infrastructure de Données Spatio-temporelles (IDS), ce qui a renforcé les interactions avec les acteurs territoriaux. En 2018, le projet CHRONO-RHÔNE s’inscrit dans cette volonté de partage de connaissances. L’objectif est d’élaborer une frise chrono-systémique qui détaille les évènements marquants dans la trajectoire géo-historique du Rhône, auxquels sont superposés les résultats de recherche de l’observatoire. La frise est conçue comme un outil de communication auprès des gestionnaires, et un outil de travail à disposition des chercheurs pour croiser les disciplines et faire émerger de nouveaux questionnements scientifiques. Cette communication présente les étapes d’élaboration de la frise, depuis la création d’une maquette à l’organisation d’un atelier chercheurs-gestionnaires. L’enjeu réside dans le développement d’un outil web dynamique, ergonomique et évolutif. L’atelier SAGEO’2018 devrait nous aider à lever certains verrous technologiques.

Assisting those wanting to explore localisation as a transformative sustainability strategy, this article provides the results of interviews with six localisation experts to determine localisation metrics. The interviews aimed to determine localisation qualities that should be captured for localisation measurement, and/or metrics that might be used to measure these. The shared expert belief and opinion regarding these metrics and qualities was expanded using writings by these and other experts. The formed metric set includes: (1) resource self-reliance; (2) resource dependence; (3) social health; (4) environmental damage/impact; (5) localisation type/governance participation; and (6) control and ownership of resources, land, assets and business. These metrics may be used to determine how localised a community, region, or country is, and to form localisation indexes. This article describes the formation of the metric set, and may assist clarification of localisation understandings by enabling measurement.

BACKGROUND Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with an aggressive biology and a poor prognosis. Poor-risk RCC is defined by clinical prognostic factors and demonstrates similarly aggressive behavior. No standard treatment exists for patients with sarcomatoid RCC, and treatment options for patients with poor-risk disease are of limited benefit. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy in clinically aggressive RCC. METHODS This was a phase 2, single-arm trial of sunitinib and gemcitabine in patients with sarcomatoid or poor-risk RCC. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included the time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), safety, and biomarker correlatives. RESULTS Overall, 39 patients had sarcomatoid RCC, and 33 had poor-risk RCC. The ORR was 26% for patients with sarcomatoid RCC and 24% for patients with poor-risk RCC. The median TTP and OS for patients with sarcomatoid RCC were 5 and 10 months, respectively. For patients with poor-risk disease, the median TTP and OS were 5.5 and 15 months, respectively. Patients whose tumors had >10% sarcomatoid histology had a higher clinical benefit rate (ORR plus stable disease) than those with ≤10% sarcomatoid histology (P = .04). The most common grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events included neutropenia (n = 20), anemia (n = 10), and fatigue (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that antiangiogenic therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy are an active and well-tolerated combination for patients with aggressive RCC. The combination may be more efficacious than either therapy alone and is currently under further investigation. Cancer 2015;121:3435–43. © 2015 American Cancer Society.

Members of the Pht1 family of plant phosphate (Pi) transporters play vital roles in Pi acquisition from soil and in planta Pi translocation to maintain optimal growth and development. The study of the specificities and biochemical properties of Pht1 transporters will contribute to improving the current understanding of plant phosphorus homeostasis and use-efficiency. In this study, we show through split in vivo interaction methods and in vitro analysis of microsomal root tissues that Arabidopsis thaliana Pht1;1 and Pht1;4 form homomeric and heteromeric complexes. Transient and heterologous expression of the Pht1;1 variants, Pht1;1Y312D, Pht1;1Y312A and Pht1;1Y312F, was used to analyse the role of a putative Pi binding residue (Tyr 312) in Pht1;1 transporter oligomerization and function. The homomeric interaction among Pht1;1 proteins was disrupted by mutation of Tyr 312 to Asp, but not to Ala or Phe. In addition, the Pht1;1Y312D variant conferred enhanced Pi transport when expressed in yeast cells. In contrast, mutation of Tyr 312 to Ala or Phe did not affect Pht1;1 transport kinetics. Our study demonstrates that modifications to the Pht1;1 higher-order structure affects Pi transport, suggesting that oligomerization may serve as a regulatory mechanism for modulating Pi uptake.

Because of their lightweight, high-temperature corrosion resistance and fatigue property, titanium alloys are ideal for use in turbomachinery, medical and chemical areas with corrosive environments and precision mechanics as used in aeronautical applications. Wire electro discharge machining (WEDM) is a nearly force free process and hence beneficial compared to classical production technologies when it comes to the production of filigree parts with high aspect ratios. Beside the well-known fact of the heat affected rim zone at WEDM machined parts, titanium alloys have another material specific drawback, called ‘alpha case’, which is developed by diffusion driven interstitials, such as carbon, nitrogen and especially oxygen. The alpha-case is a hard to remove superficial defect, which leads to crack initiation and propagation. The influence of water- and CH-based dielectrics as a source of diffusitives on the formation of alpha-case have to be investigated to predict the part’s fatigue strength.

8th CIRP Conference on High Performance Cutting (HPC 2018) / Edited by László Monostori, Gabor Stepan, Dániel Bachrathy 8th CIRP Conference on High Performance Cutting, HPC 2018, Budapest, Hungary, 25 Jun 2018 - 27 Jun 2018; Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, Procedia CIRP 2018,77 650-653 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.procir.2018.08.185, Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

18th Machining Innovations Conference for Aerospace Industry, MIC 2018, 28-29 December 2018, Garbsen Germany / edited by Berend Denkena 18th Machining Innovations Conference for Aerospace Industry, MIC 2018, Garbsen, Germany, 28 Dec 2018 - 29 Dec 2018; [Amsterdam u.a.] : Elsevier, Procedia manufacturing 2018,18 138-145 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2018.11.018, Published by Elsevier, [Amsterdam u.a.]