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Aim. To study the impact of different levels of radioactive contamination on the organic matter decomposition and the population development of microbial decomposers of organic matter in soil. Methods. Gamma-spectrometry for the determination of the relative activity of 137Cs and beta-spectrometry for the determination of the relative activity of 90Sr in order to choose the contamination range for the studies; Tea Bag Іndex (TBI), the standard glob- ally accepted method to determine the rate of organic matter decomposition; gas chromatography – to determine the impact of the investigated factors on the formation of the biomass of microorganisms by means of the СО2 production potential; classic microbiological methods, using elective media to estimate the population densities of culturable microbial decomposers. Results. The studies (from April to September 2021) comprised two soils with different radioactive contamination ranges: Range No. 1 in Narodychi district of Zhytomyr region (the village Khrystynivka, 3 sampling points) in the unconditional (obligatory) resettlement zone after the catastrophe in the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) (it has an absorbed dose rate gradient, evaluated for soil microorganisms, from 0.2 μGy/h (at sampling point Narodychi-1: 51,24076°N, 29,21497°E) to 1.57 μGy/h (at sampling point Naro- dychi-3: 51,23815°N, 29,22245°E)), located on the agricultural field, abandoned after the catastrophe and Range No. 2, located on the afforested area, directly bordering the territory of the so-called Red Forest in the ChNPP ex- clusion zone (4 sampling points – the first three points – natural ecosystems, and 4th – pyrogenically transformed territory after fires in 2020) with the absorbed dose rate gradient from 3.7 μGy/h (at sampling point ChEZ-1: 51,38595°N, 30,03035°E) to 84.0 μGy/h (at sampling point ChEZ-4: 51,38231°N, 30,03298°E). The dependence of the studied indicators on the gradient of soil contamination with radionuclides was demonstrated and these are the conditions that the difference is more than 400 times in the values of the ionizing radiation absorbed dose rates formed by radionuclides in soil. In Range No. 1 (on the fallow land), with the increase in the dose rate up from 0.2 to 1.57 μGy/h, there was statistically significant increase of mineralization coefficient and percentage of reduced weight of rooibos tea between the least and most contaminated sampling points), stimulation of the development of micromycetes (by 1.2–2.3 times), cellulose-decomposing bacteria (by 7.1–7.9 times), and ammonifying bacteria (by 1.8–6.3 times) due to a significant increasing the number of colony-forming units in points with higher radio- nuclide contamination and an increase of microbial biomass in soil more than twofold between the least and most contaminated sampling point of Range No. 1.In Range No. 2, in the ChNPP exclusion zone, characterized by low parameters of sod-podzolic soil fertility (humus content from 1.2 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.1 %, exchangeable acidity from 4.0 ± 0.1 to 5.0 ± 0.7), the number of micromycetes and ammonifying bacteria in soil was one-two orders below the indices of Range No. 1. Micromycetes dominated in the groups of cellulose-decomposing microorganisms. There was statistically significant increase of mineralization coefficient and percentage of reduced weight of rooibos tea with increasing of radionuclide contamination level for the first three plots: ChEZ-1, ChEZ-2 and ChEZ-3 of Range No. 2. Conclusions. In the fallow land of the unconditional (obligatory) resettlement zone, the increase of the radia- tion absorbed dose rate in soil by one order from 0.2 to 1.57 μGy/h does not inhibit the development of microorgan- isms in soil, rather it stimulates their activity and increases their numbers. On poor sod-podzolic soils in the exclu- sion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the preponderance of development of micromycetes over bacterial cellulolytics is noticeable. The radioactive contamination affected the development of soil microorganisms and the biological processes in soils not only in the first years after the Chornobyl catastrophe, which has been described in the literature, but has had its influence for rather a long time (for over thirty years after the accident). Among the microorganisms of a saccharolytic mode of organic plant residuals decomposition, the micromycetes dominate.

The paper studies an extended five-storey brick building on a pile foundation, subjected to significant deformation. The building reliability is assessed after the instrumented survey. During the building construction and operation, its spatial stiffness is broken with the crack formation in the walls and foundation frame due to an insufficient pile immersion in the gravel layer in difficult engineering and geological conditions. Due to accident technical conditions of the brick walls, the superstructure block is examined in the first phase. The second step includes the examination of the foundation frame and pile using bored pits. The MicroFe software is used for finite element modeling of the stress-strain state of the pile foundation and footing strength of the footing–foundation–building system. The obtained results allow assessing the building reliability and developing recommendations on the pile foundation serviceability.

40 years have passed since a group of scientists led by prof. N.V. Lazarev were the first to synthesize drugs of the pyrimidine series - methyluracil and pentoxide. Their successful use in surgical practice is explained by the ability of these agents to stimulate the processes of reparative regeneration.

Tomato stem endophyte Bacillus safensis TS3 was isolated from surface-sterilized stems of greenhouse tomato plants. Here, we sequenced the complete genome of this strain to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial activities.

These two cases of successful treatment of a rare vascular disorder – cystic adventitial disease (CAD). Case 1: CAD of the popliteal artery with narrowing of the popliteal artery and intermittent claudication. Case 2: CAD of iliac vein with irreducible femoral hernia formation and iliac vein subocclusion. We described preoperative planning, surgical intervention and postoperative management in our cases. Surgery after careful preoperative planning is only one effective method of treatment of CAD and has good long-term results.

The types of intermolecular self-associates of N,N-(2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene-1,4-diyl)dibenzenesulfonamide and N,N′-[(2E)-2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene-1,4-diyl]bis(trifluoroacetamide) formed in CCl4 solutions via hydrogen bonding have been studied by means of IR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry methods [B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)]. The obtained data have been compared to the X-ray diffraction analysis data. The benzenesulfonamide derivative forms strong hydrogen-bonded tetramers, which exist in the crystal as well as in solution, while the self-associates of the trifluoroacetamide derivative are linked by weaker H-bonds, which are readily broken in solution upon dilution.

Reactions of nitrilotriacetic acid with 2-aminoethanol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, and 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) afford the following salts in high yields: 2-ammonioethanol nitrilotriacetate [HN+(CH2COO–)2(CH2COOH) ⋅ H3N+CH2CH2OH]n, bis{2-ammonio-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol} nitrilotriacetate HN+(CH2COO–)3 ⋅ 2H3N+C(CH2 OH)3, and 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylammonium) nitrilotriacetate HN+(CH2COO–)3 ⋅ H3N+CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2N+H3. The molecular structures of 2-ammonioethanol nitrilotriacetate and bis{2-ammonio-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol} nitrilotriacetate were determined. Nitrilotriacetic acid molecules in 2-ammonioethanol nitrilotriacetate are linked by O⋅⋅⋅H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds involving acid groups of adjacent molecules to form a polymer chain. On the contrary, nitrilotriacetic acid molecules in bis{2-ammonio-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol} nitrilotriacetate do not form polymer chains. In the crystals of both compounds, adjacent molecules are linked by numerous O⋅⋅⋅H interactions to form infinite 3D frameworks.

The main goal of the research is to develop a publicly available tonal-thematic dictionary in Russian, which allows identifying the semantic orientation of groups of economic texts, as well as determining their sentimental (tonal) characteristics. The article describes the main stages of compiling a dictionary using machine learning methods (clustering, word frequency allocation, correlogram construction) and expert evaluation of determining the tonality and expanding the dictionary by including terms from similar foreign dictionaries. The empirical base of the research included: annual reports of companies, news from ministries and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, financial tweets of companies and RBC news articles in the area of "Economics, Finance, money and business". The compiled dictionary differs from the previous ones in the following ways: 1. it is one of the first dictionaries which can be used to rate the tone of economic and financial texts in Russian language by 5 degrees of tonality; 2. allows you to rate the tonality and content of the text by 12 economic topics (e. g., macroeconomics, monetary policy, stock and commodity markets, etc.) 3. the final version of EcSentiThemeLex dictionary is included in the software package (library) ‘rulexicon’ for the programming environment R and Python. Step-by-step examples of using the developed library in the R environment are given. It allows to evaluate the tone and thematic focus of an economic or financial text by means of a concise code. The structure of the library allows you to use the original texts for their assessment without prior lemmatization (the reduction to elementary forms).The resulting EcSentiThemeLex dictionary is included in the rulexicon software package for the R modeling environment .The tonal-thematic dictionary EcSentiThemeLex with all word forms compiled in this work will simplify the solution of applied problems of text analysis in the financial and economic sphere, and can also potentially serve as a basis for increasing the number of relevant studies in the Russian literature.

Nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic)acid N[CH2P(O)(OH)2]3 (H6L) reacts with zinc oxide in an aqueous medium to give a poorly soluble polymeric crystalline salt (ZnH4L)n. The reaction proceeds through the intermediate formation of a soluble monomer complex ZnH4L. The water-soluble amorphous forms of the coordination compound used as microfertilizers were obtained by treatment of a suspension of this salt with 2-aminoethanol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine). p-Aminobenzoic acid H2NC6H4COOH reacts in an aqueous solution with hexabasic nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic acid, as well as with the monomeric complex ZnH4L, giving crystals of bis(4-carboxyphenylaminium) nitrilotris(methylenephosphonate) dihydrate H4L2− · 2(H3N-C6H4-COOH)+ · 2H2O. The compounds were investigated by elemental analysis, IR and UV spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Tests of the water-soluble complex with 2-aminoethanol ZnHL3− · 3(H3NCH2CH2OH)+ · 2H2O in the laboratory experiment with seeds of two agricultural crops showed a positive agronomic effect.

Over 100 families of plants (84 – dicots) are affected by crown gall disease of fruit trees, berries and ornamental crops, caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and bacteria of related species and genera, for instance Allorhizobium vitis. The information on the symptoms of diseased plants in during vegetation and the soil-climatic conditions most favorable for the disease is presented. Taxonomy, morphological, physiological, and genetic properties of its pathogen are described. Area of major harm caused by the disease on crops in the territory of Russian Federation and in neighboring countries was outlined. Methods of estimation of plant reaction to the pathogen, some resistant accessions, as well as measures of control with this disease are given.

Lipodystrophy at the injection sites is most common local complication of insulin therapy. The history of its study started in 1926, when first cases of lipoatrophy at the sites of insulin injections were described. As we moved to human insulin and insulin analogues, immune mediated atrophic form of lipodystrophy has been replaced by hypertrophic one, which reflects anabolic and mitogenic effect of insulin. Lipohypertrophy at the injection sites is detected by physical examination in 40-70% of insulin-treated subjects. The detection efficiency depends on health care provider`s skills. Therefore, training of medical doctors and nurses in physical examination of injection sites seems to be reasonable. In recent years, ultrasound was introduced for diagnostics of insulin-induced lipohypertrophy. The method is more sensitive compared to palpation; ultrasound-verified lipohypertropthy was detected in more than 80% of cases. In patients with wide-spread lipohypertrophy ultrasound can be used to find suitable sites for injections (ultrasound injection map). Strain sonoelastography and 3D-power Doppler ultrasound can be used for quantitative estimation of rigidity and vascularization of lipohypertrophy. Both MRI and infrared images are considered as promising diagnostic tools. In a number of studies, it has been shown that the presence of lipohypertrophy is associated with high HbA1c levels, enhanced glycemic variability, unexplained hypoglycemia, and increased insulin doses. Thereby, lipohypertrophy aggravates the diabetes-related costs. The main risk factor for lipohypertrophy is inappropriate injection technique, including the lack of the site rotation, injections into lipodystrophic lesions, small injection area, reuse or excessive length of the needles. Accordingly, training patients in the injection technique is the basis for prevention of complication. The cessation of injections in lipohypertrophy areas and regular site rotation is essential for adequate titration of insulin dose and achievement of glycemic targets.

Surgical biopsy – an invasive procedure that may be accompanied by an increased risk of complications and lethality is required in approximately ⅓ cases when diagnosing interstitial lung diseases (ILD). The article summarizes the experience of using surgical diagnostic methods in patients with ILD. Methods . A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients ( n = 104: 61 (59%) men, 43 (41%) women; at the age of 20–78 years) who were operated on for ILD for histological verification of the disease was carried out. The method of choice was video-assisted thoracic edge resection of the lung (VATER). If there are contraindications to VATER, thoracotomy was performed. Patients with spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) episodes had an anamnesis of costal pleuralectomy in order to prevent recurrence. Results . According to the examination data, the average rate of forced expiratory volume in the 1 st second during the preoperative examination was 73.8%, lung diffusion capacity – 63.2% VATER was performed for 99 (95%) patients, OPD – 4 (4%), access conversion – 1 (1%). In 10 (10 %) cases in the anamnesis or at admission is noted by SP. Postoperative complications were observed in 5 (5%) cases. All complications are eliminated without invasive procedures. There were no lethal outcomes. Conclusion . In 94% of cases of ILD, an accurate diagnosis was made using surgical methods, which was significantly reflected in the development of treatment tactics in 82 (79%) patients and allowed for effective anti-relapsing treatment in case of complication of the main disease – SP. This fact testifies to the high diagnostic significance of surgical methods in patients with ILD, and the low level of complications – about their relative safety in properly selected patients.

Background Histological remission (HR) is evolving as a treatment target in ulcerative colitis (UC). Several histological indices have been developed, however, their widespread adoption beyond clinical trials is limited by practical difficulties and interobserver variability. Furthermore, the relative complexity of available scores hinders the development of an AI algorithm. We aimed to develop a simple histologic index, aligned to endoscopy, and apply it to a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to evaluate HR. Methods 614 digitalised biopsies (WSI) from 307 UC patients enrolled into a prospective multicentre study1 were analysed. First, the simple PICASSO Histologic Remission Index (PHRI) based only on the presence of neutrophils, was developed and validated by expert pathologists. Table 1 To implement PHRI in a CAD system we designed a semi-supervised inductive transfer learning strategy composed of two modules. The first consists of a novel deep learning strategy based on a convolutional neural network architecture. This detected neutrophils in areas (patches) of a subset of 314 biopsies (172 remission, 142 active), in 158 of which the presence of neutrophils had been meticulously annotated at pixel level. WSI were then divided in training (172), validation (47), and testing sets (95). Following a multiple instance learning paradigm, a second model combined the features of all patches of each biopsy into a dichotomous result: presence/absence of disease activity. Figure 1 and 2. Finally, we compared the AI prediction with the pathologists’ assessment. Results PHRI correlated strongly with all endoscopic scores (MES, UCEIS and PICaSSO) of the same bowel areas (rectum and sigmoid) (Spearman’s ρ= 0.55 to 0.78). Inter-reader agreement between pathologists was almost perfect (ICC 0.84). In the validation and testing sets our model predicted the presence of neutrophils respectively with 61% and 72% sensitivity, 98% and 84% specificity, 93% and 75% positive predictive value (PPV), and 86% and 83% negative predictive value (NPV) respectively (Table 2). When predicting remission in whole biopsies, in the validation cohort the AI system had 65% sensitivity, 93% specificity, 86% PPV, and 78% NPV. In the testing cohort the same metrics were 62%, 94%, 90%, and 73% (Table 2). Conclusion PHRI is the simplest histological index in UC and correlates strongly with endoscopic activity. Based on PHRI we developed the first artificial intelligence model able to accurately predict histological remission in biopsies of UC. This tool can effectively expedite, support, and standardise the histological assessment of UC in clinical practice. Reference 1. Iacucci et al. Gastroenterology 2021

Background Endoscopic and histologic activity are important therapeutic targets in ulcerative colitis (UC). The Paddington International Virtual ChromoendoScopy ScOre (VCE-PICaSSO)1 demonstrated that enhanced visualisation of subtle mucosal and vascular inflammatory changes correlated strongly with histology. However, without adequate training, the subjective evaluation of white light (WL) and VCE endoscopic scores varies between observers. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system for objective assessment of endoscopic disease activity and predict histology related to both white light and VCE videos. Methods 469 endoscopy videos (48512 frames) from 235 patients representative of all grades of inflammation, from our prospective PICaSSO multicentre study1 were used to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN). 316 videos were divided into training (254) and validation (62) sets. 153 additional videos (78 patients) were used as test cohort. The videos were edited to separate clips with WL and with VCE, and assessed using Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) and PICaSSO, respectively. The classification stage of a pre-trained ResNet50 CNN classifier was trained to predict the healing or active inflammation on video frames. One network was trained to predict endoscopic remission (ER) as UCEIS≤1 from WL frames, and a second network was trained to predict PICaSSO≤3 from VCE. Histological remission (HR) was defined as Robarts Histological Index (RHI) ≤3 with no neutrophils in lamina propria or epithelium. Results In the validation cohort, our system predicted ER (UCEIS ≤1) in WL videos with 82% sensitivity (Se), 94% specificity (Sp) and an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.92. For the detection of remission in VCE videos (PICaSSO ≤3) Se was 74%, Sp 95%, and AUROC 0.95. In the testing cohort of independent videos, the diagnostic performance for both cut offs of ER remained similar. Our system also had an excellent diagnostic performance for the prediction of HR in the validation set, with Se, Sp, and Accuracy of 92%, 83%, and 85% respectively, using VCE, and 83%, 87%, and 86% respectively, with WL. In the testing set performance declined modestly while remaining good. Of note, the algorithm’s prediction of histology was similar with VCE and WL videos. Table 1 Table 2 Conclusion Our AI system accurately recognize endoscopic remission in videos and predict histological remission equally well. This is the first AI model developed to analyse inflammation and endoscopic remission in VCE through the PICaSSO score, and the first multi-domain system providing a complete endoscopic and histologic assessment. Reference 1. Iacucci et al. Gastroenterology 2021

Temperature dependences of the saturated vapor pressure of lanthanum complexes based on 2-(2-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenolate ligand have been obtained using the Knudsen effusion method. The thermodynamic parameters of vaporization have been calculated from the p−T data. Mass spectra and differential scanning calorimetry data have been obtained.

The structure of N-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-iodo-2,3-dimethylbutyl)trifluoroacetamide and its dimers has been studied in the crystal, solution, and gas phase by means of IR spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulation at the DFT level. The obtained data have been compared to the data of X-ray diffraction analysis.

2,2,2-Trichloro-N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]acetamide and 2,2,2-trimethyl-N-[(trimethylsilyl)-methyl]acetamide were prepared by reaction of N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]amine with acid chlorides of the corresponding acids. The crystal structure of 2,2,2-trichloro-N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]acetamide was studied by X-ray analysis. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT 6-311++G**) were performed and FTIR-spectrum were obtained for study of self-association of these amides in gas phase and solutions in inert media.