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From the recent years, robotics has turned outto be an ingredient over which many people had showntheir interest. Robotics has gained popularity due to theadvancement of many technologies of computing and nano technologies. So, we have decided to design something that can make humans life easier and comfortable. There are many possibilities a fire can start in an industry or in any remote area. For example, in cotton mills, garments, fuel storages, etc., electric leakages can lead to huge damage. Fire incident is a disaster thatcan potentially cause the loss of life, property damage and permanent disability to the affected victim. Fire fighters often exposed to higher risks. With the advent of technology, humans are replaced with robots in life-threatening situations. We aim to design a robot capableof detecting fire and smoke. By designing andimplementing a security robot capable of detecting fire,disasters can be avoided with minimal risk to human life

A ladybird beetle, collected from different localities of Kolhapur and Satara districts (Maharashtra) was identified as Henosepilachna nana (Kapur, 1950). The presence of this species in Maharashtra considerably extends its range to the north-west by about 700 km. Since this species is found on vegetables, Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.), Cucumber (Cucumis spp.), and Karit fruit plant (Cucumis spp.). It is being recorded for the first time that this species is a pest of these vegetables. Also, molecular phylogeny has been studied for the first time in this species in which, this species is the sister taxon of Henosepilachna boisduvali. This species has been described briefly with colour photographs of male genitalia, female coxites and the 6th sternal plate of female, tarsi, & pronotum. Henosepilachna nana is being reported for the first time from Maharashtra and now the molecular data of this species is available.

A long-horned beetle, collected when attracted to light, was identified as Niphona fuscatrix (Fabricius 1792). This species is reported for the first time from western India (Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra).

An efficient, simple, and green four-component reaction for synthesizing 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles is developed. In present work exploring the use of Samarium triflate as a heterogeneous catalyst for the four-component reaction of aldehydes, aromatic amines, benzil, and ammonium acetate. The current approach offers many advantages, such as excellent yields, shortening of reaction time, reusability of catalyst, and use of mild reaction conditions.

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in labour safety management systems has the potential to revolutionize the way companies approach workplace safety. This paper presents an AI-based labour safety management system that collects and analyzes real-time data from various sources to detect potential hazards and prevent accidents. The system also provides valuable insights into the root causes of accidents, which can help companies implement targeted training programs and safety measures to prevent similar incidents in the future. A manufacturing industry case study is presented to demonstrate the system's effectiveness. The results show that the AI-based approach significantly reduces the number of accidents and injuries in the workplace.

The cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (F) was reared on a cowpea to study its life cycle. The study revealed that egg, larval and pupal stages were completed in 4-5, 15-19 and 4-5 days, respectively. Similarly, the duration of the adult male and female was 10-12 and 10-14 days, respectively, with the total developmental period being 38 to 40 days. The male and female measured 2.30± 0.15 and 3.23± 0.19 mm long, and 1.25± 0.05 and 1.47± 0.11 mm broad, respectively.

To serve the humanity nowadays technology is playing an exquisite role and a man’s basic and first need is food indeed. It will be said that about over 85% of individuals of India are directly, indirectly relied on agriculture. Proper irrigation by pump can not be maintained because of frequent power outages, unavailability of grid lines in remote areas and scarcity/cost of fuel to run pumps. to create the sustainable irrigation system and field monitoring system for convalescing crops growth also as best production, this IOT based Automatic irrigation system is proposed. during this system IOT and WSN are wont to control and monitor the irrigation system. IOT is employed to get stored data monitoring and real time monitoring of varied contents of soil. WSN is employed to create a totally wireless system to form a user-friendly system to cultivate and irrigate water properly to the sphere. Different types of sensors are used. This report presents a totally automated drip irrigation system which is controlled and monitored by using “Thinks peak Cloud Server”. Temperature and also the humidity content of the soil are frequently monitored. The system informs user about any abnormal conditions like less moisture content and temperature rise, even concentration of water by sending notifications through the wireless module.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are among the most often prescribed pain relievers. NSAIDs are a highly successful medicine class for pain and inflammation, but they are also known to cause gastrointestinal bleeding, cardiovascular side effects, and NSAID-induced nephrotoxicity. The pharmacodynamic action of these medicines is predominantly mediated by COX2 inhibition, whereas COX1 inhibition is largely responsible for the unfavourable effects. The activity of (COX-1) and COX2, and thus the synthesis of prostalglandin and thromboxanes, is inhibited by most NSAIDs. Inhibiting COX-2 is thought to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and that NSAIDs that also inhibit COX-1, such as aspirin, may cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs as well as the medication class and method of action.

The members of family Tettigoniidae, commonly called katydids, generally exhibit mimicry and camouflage with shapes and colours similar to leaves. The genus Onomarchus Stal is mainly distributed in temperate and tropical Asia, and was earlier reported from Assam and West Bengal in India. The species Onomarchus leuconotus (Serville, 1838) is reported here for the first time in peninsular India from the Western Ghats (Chandoli National Park, Kolhapur, Maharashtra). This record extends the known geographical range of this species by about 1630 km. As its holotype is not described from India, the female of O. leuconotus is described here via detailed diagnostic characters, colour photographs and illustrations.

We report on the detection of quasi-periodic micro-structure in three millisecond pulsars (MSPs), PSRs J1022+1001, J2145-0750 and J1744-1134, using high time resolution data acquired with the Large European Array for Pulsars at a radio frequency of 1.4 GHz. The occurrence rate of quasi-periodic micro-structure is consistent among pulses with different peak flux densities. Using an auto-correlation analysis, we measure the periodicity and width of the micro-structure in these three pulsars. The detected micro-structure from PSRs J1022+1001 and J1744-1134 is often highly linearly polarised. In PSR J1022+1001, the linear polarisation position angles of micro-structure pulses are in general flat with a small degree of variation. Using these results, we further examine the frequency and rotational period dependency of micro-structure properties established in previous work, along with the angular beaming and temporal modulation models that explains the appearance of micro-structure. We also discuss a possible link of micro-structure to the properties of some of the recently discovered fast radio bursts which exhibit a very similar emission morphology., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, published in MNRAS

The beetle Chlorophorus jucundus (Perroud, 1855) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is being reported for the first time from Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, which is part of the northern Western Ghats. This communication briefly describes the species with colour photographs showing important diagnostic characters.

The genus Jauravia (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) is distributed in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India and Nepal. This study documents the occurrence of J. assamensis Kapur on eight plants from Kolhapur and Satara, Maharashtra, India. Its distribution in Assam, Manipur and Meghalaya is known. This occurrence in the Western Ghats and peninsular India is detailed in this study along with the associated host plants, and life stages (larva, pupa and adult) in addition to its diagnostics.

Sertraline can also protect against environmental causes of free radicals such as smoking. Cigarette tar is a source of free radicals which has been found to damage erythrocyte membranes. It was also found that Sertraline and its conjugate metabolites could protect erythrocytes from the membranous damage that is caused by smoking. The ability of Sertraline is claimed to exert many beneficial effects on health, including protection against various diseases such as osteoporosis, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The studies showed that there has been a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease in subjects, who had a high intake of flavonoids. Progressive disorder of the lung parenchyma and airways or also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which happens to be the third-leading cause of death in the USA. Therapies thus far for COPD, unfortunately, is said to be partially effective with possibilities of side effects.

In the present attempt, order-to-disorder transition of oxygen vacancies and their correlation with ion transport mechanism in moderately (at.15%) and heavily (at. 30%) doped (Gd and Sm) ceria systems are explored by using a high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) and Raman and dielectrics spectroscopy techniques. Oxygen vacancies disordering is integrated with polarization phenomenon. The density of disordered oxygen vacancies and conducting ions is revealed by the imaginary part of electric modulus (M”). Relaxations of conducting ions are confirmed by M” as a function of frequency at various temperatures, and peak height M” curve is used to quantify the density of disorder states. HT-XRD study exhibits detectable mismatch in lattice parameter during expansion and contraction at particular temperature. The mismatch parameter is correlated to kinetic process induced in the samples caused by long-range disordering of oxygen vacancies. HT-Raman spectra confirm temperature-dependent disordering of oxygen vacancies. The energy of disordering of oxygen vacancies at grain and grain boundaries region is calculated from the slope of the log (fmax) versus 1000/T plots, where fmax is the frequency associated with M”max. Disordering energy at the grain boundary is more than grain in almost all systems. The temperature correspond to the order–disorder transition of oxygen vacancies is closely associated with oxy-ion conductivity. Arrhenius plot of conductivity depicts the kink in the slope of the conductivity curves for all ceria systems for the temperature ranges from 400 to 500 °C. The activation energy of conductivity in the temperature region of ordered oxygen vacancies is more than disordered oxygen vacancies. Conductivity maxima are associated with the density of disordered oxygen vacancies.

The application of high throughput technologies has enabled unravelling of unique differences between healthy mares and mares with endometritis at transcriptomic and proteomic levels. However, differences in the uterine microbiome are yet to be investigated. The present study was aimed at evaluating the differences in uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis. Low-volume lavage (LVL) samples were collected from the uterus of 30 mares classified into healthy (n=15) and endometritis (n=15) based on their reproductive history, intrauterine fluid accumulation, gross appearance of LVL samples, endometrial cytology, and bacterial culture. The samples were subjected to metagenomic analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing. Notable differences in the uterine microbiome were observed between healthy mares and mares with endometritis at various taxonomic levels. In healthy mares, the most abundant phylum, class, order, and family were Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales, and Paenibacillaceae, respectively. In contrast, the most abundant corresponding taxonomic levels in mares with endometritis were Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, and Enterobacteriaceae, respectively. At the genus level,BrevibacillusandPaenibacilluswere more abundant in healthy mares, whereasEscherichia, Salmonella, andKlebsiellawere more abundant in mares with endometritis. In healthy mares,Brevibacillus breviswas the most abundant species, followed byBrevibacillus choshinensisandPaenibacillus sp JDR-2. However, in mares with endometritis,Escherichia coliwas the most abundant species, followed bySalmonella entericaandKlebsiella pneumoniae. These results indicate novel differences in the uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis. The findings can potentially help formulate new approaches to prevent or treat equine endometritis.

Natyashastra, which was written by Bharat, is the most important work on Indian poetry and drama. It gives a lot of information about different kinds of drama, stage equipment, production, and music, as well as how they were written, put on, and enjoyed. The gods among them, led by Lord Indra, went to God Brahma and asked for something that would not only teach us something but also look and sound nice. Bharata thought that drama came from God and that it was the fifth Veda. Girish Karnad used modern ideas to explain how things worked in old stories. Under the influence of existential alienation, even though there is violence and cruelty, the idea of god and religion is only a sign of a mind that is helpless and neurotic. He updated the technology and used conflicts from the past to show what was going on in politics, religion, and society at the time.

We present for the first time a study of peculiar giant radio galaxy (GRG) J223301+131502 using deep multi-frequency radio observations from GMRT (323, 612, and 1300 MHz) and LOFAR (144 MHz) along with optical spectroscopic observations with the WHT~4.2m optical telescope. Our observations have firmly established its redshift of 0.09956 and unveiled its exceptional jet structure extending more than $\sim$ 200 kpc leading to a peculiar kink structure of $\sim$ 100 kpc. We measure the overall size of this GRG to be $\sim$ 1.83 Mpc; it exhibits lobes without any prominent hotspots and closely resembles a barbell. Our deep low-frequency radio maps clearly reveal the steep-spectrum diffuse emission from the lobes of the GRG. The magnetic field strength of $\sim$ 5 $\mu$G and spectral ages between about 110 to 200 mega years for the radio lobes were estimated using radio data from LOFAR 144 MHz observations and GMRT 323 and 612 MHz observations. We discuss the possible causes leading to the formation of the observed kink feature for the GRG, which includes precession of the jet axis, development of instabilities and magnetic reconnection. Despite its enormous size, the Barbell GRG is found to be residing in a low-mass (M$_{200} \sim 10^{14}$ $\rm M_{\odot}$) galaxy cluster. This GRG with two-sided large-scale jets with a kink and diffuse outer lobes residing in a cluster environment provides an opportunity to explore the structure and growth of GRGs in different environments., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 17 Pages, 7 figures and 6 tables. Comments are welcome

Stress is the universal problem of all human beings. Our life is full of stress. Certain amount of stress is healthy and good for better performance, but excess stress can lead towards very serious problems in our life. Therefore, it becomes necessary to understand the concept of stress. It is also important to identify the causes of stress and ways to manage the stress. This paper focuses on the concept of stress, definitions of stress. It also highlights the causes of stress and various ways to manage the stress.

Background: Breeding success in mares is dependent on both local and systemic factors. Uterine conditions such as endometritis have a negative impact on fertility. Similarly, poor body scores and systemic inflammatory conditions are associated with reduced pregnancy rates. This study aimed to investigate differences in uterine and systemic status between fertile and barren mares. Methods: Uterine ultrasonographic findings, endometrial cytology, body condition score, rectal temperature and complete blood count were evaluated in sexually mature fertile (n=15) and barren (n=15) thoroughbred mares. Differences in the mean values of various parameters between the two groups were evaluated for statistical significance through independent t-tests using commercial statistical software. Result: Compared to fertile mares, barren mares had a significantly higher number of neutrophils and a significantly higher neutrophils: epithelial cell ratio as per endometrial cytology. The ultrasonography revealed presence of uterine fluid in 12 out of the 15 barren mares. Uterine fluid was not observed in any of the fertile mares. No differences in body condition score, rectal temperature and complete blood count were observed between the two groups. These results suggest that infertility in mares results predominantly from alterations in the uterine health.

The Southern armyworm Spodoptera eridania (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous defoliator having a wide host range including Soybean. They are one of the important defoliators in the tropical and subtropical regions of the hemisphere. However, this pest is reported for the first time from Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India on Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill].