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Most of the automobile engine components are made up of cast iron because of its low cost, damping characteristics, castability, and commercial considerations. In modern days, the blended biodiesels are introduced into the CI engine to reduce the usage of petroleum fuels. The following problems are identified in utilizing the biodiesels, they are lower efficiency, power, wear in the engine cylinder and piston crowns, more emission from the exhaust, and performance. To overcome the wear problem in cylinder liner and piston crown, the dual coating is developed using electroless coating and plasma spray coating, and this deposit acts as a thermal barrier to the engine. The electroless Ni-P-TiO2 composite coating process parameters are optimized using the Taguchi technique with multiresponse grey relational analysis. The plasma spray coating is developed over electroless Ni-P coating using Yttria-stabilized Zirconia for the total thickness of 2 mm. The coated components are installed in the CI engine for further testing and analysis. The morphology of the coated surfaces is tested using the scanning electron microscope. The optimization process used to improve the Ni-P coating thickness, surface roughness, and thermal resistance of the engine components. Also, the performance and emissions in the engine are reduced significantly. The emission from the CI engine such as NOx, COx, and HC are reduced significantly. The emissions of CI engine such as NOx, CO2, CO, and HC of the noncoated engine shows higher, and EPSCE engine condition shows less pollution. The percentage of improvement in terms of emissions are 27%, 70%, 6.4%, and 21%, respectively. The performance is improved to 3% and 27.8%, respectively, for specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency.

The purpose of the research is to make user satisfaction model for e-learning using smartphone, and to produce and to recommend e-learning content for research and e-learning. Level of smartphone usage can be used as an indicator of technological progress of a region. This study aims to explore and make user satisfaction model for e-learning using smartphone applications in Dhanalakshmi College. The components that would be evaluated in this research are focused on the following matters: User satisfaction for e-Learning using Smartphone; Service quality, Information quality, User participation, and Benefit. Where as service quality consists of demeanor, responsiveness, competence and tangible. Information quality consists of completeness, relevancy, accuracy, and currency. User participation consists of training provider, user understanding and participation. Benefit consists of easier to the job and increase productivity. The research method used percentage anlaysis and Anova Analysis. Total of respondent are 50 students which are consist of 25 females and 25 males. The statistical value in the model of e-learning user satisfaction has a highly significant correlation values and strong construction between variables, which is evidenced by the size of the construct reliability values above 0.70 and the value of its variance extracted 0.50.

The 197 entries including two checks (SI-250 Resistance check and TC-25 Susceptible check) of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) representing varied geographic and genetic diversity were tested at three diverse climatic locations of India viz., Jabalpur, Mandor and Vriddhachalam, against leaf webber and capsule. None of the screened entry was found to be free from infestation by leaf webber and capsule borer. The average plant, flower and capsule damage over the locations varied from 6.58 to 27.17, 7.80 to 23.71 and 3.33 to 15.43%, respectively. At vegetative stage, the entries SI-0018-B (6.33%) and IS-353-A (6.58%) at flowering, the entry KMR-7 (7.80%) and at capsule stage, the entries SI-0018-B (3.33%), MT-67-25 (3.65%) and RJS- 56-A (3.80%) were recorded the lowest damage. Further, the response of promising entries under artificial pest load conditions over the locations showed that the entry SI-271-B was superior to others with respect to lowest plant and flower damage while at capsule stage, the entry NIC-8510-B was superior. Under artificial pest load condition, the entries SI-271-B, NIC-9839 and MT-67-25 showed the lowest damage whereas under natural condition, the entries IS-178-C and SP-3267 were superior to others with respect to lowest damage. The feeding preference studies showed that the entries SI-271-B, IS-178-C, MT-67-25 and S-OO-17-B were least preferred by the leaf webber and capsule borer and recorded the lowest leaf area damage. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 565-575, 2021 (September)

This work presents welding investigation of a popular Ni–Fe–Cr-based alloy (i.e. Inconel 825) using electron beam welding process, considering beam current (I), accelerating voltage (V), welding speed (S), and beam oscillation (O) as weld parameters. Microstructural investigations of the different zones of the welded specimen have been studied. Predictive models for depth of penetration (P) and width of the weld (W) are developed using response surface methodology (RSM). The novelty of this work is the metallurgical investigation and the development of RSM integrated with the JAYA algorithm to optimize weld parameters so as to minimize the width-to-depth ratio (W/P ratio) by maximizing P and minimizing W. Accelerating voltage (V) is found to be the predominant weld parameter on P and W followed by beam current (I). Microstructural study reveals the presence of beneficial twin boundary and strengthening precipitates like TiN and secondary phase precipitate Al4C3 in SEM/EDX analysis. Detrimental structures like migrated grain boundaries and unmixed zone are not witnessed. The RSM-JAYA optimization approach results in an optimum W/P ratio of 1.2405 mm at parameter setting V = 54.52 kV, I = 46 mA, S = 900 mm/min, O = 200 Hz. The validation result shows an improvement of 4.71% in the optimum fitness value. The proposed integrated optimization approach is found robust in locating the optimal solution with minimum numbers of iterations.

The Sangam Tamil Literature visualizes the oldtraditions of the Tamil Society. One of these descriptions in “Ingurunooru” suggests living of individuals and social biographies. Sangam pura poem’s depict events such as force, war, victory, fame and sangam aga poem’s describes on love life such as theft and chastity. The customsand interactions of the Thalaivan (Hero), Thalaivi (Heroine), Thozhi (Friend) based on the social community. And they are connected and controlled by the social events around them. Social Cognition is the physical appearance of other people, verbal, comments from nonverbal communications are also occurring. This article gives brief overview on social perception.

The present work investigates the mechanical characterization of aluminium alloy (AA) 6061 based hybrid nanometal matrix composites (MMCs) fabricated using conventional stir casting process. Two compositions viz., AA6061+1.5 wt.% B4C+0.5 wt.% SiC (Hybrid A) and AA6061+1.5 wt.% B4C+1.5 wt.% SiC (Hybrid B) was prepared and its mechanical properties such as microhardness, tensile, compressive, flexural and impact strength were investigated to compare with unreinforced AA6061. SiC and B4C ceramic particles (purity 99.89%) of average particle size of 50 nm were used as reinforcements. Significant enhancement in microhardness of 30.2% and 31.02% for hybrid A and B are observed respectively. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased by 10.72% and 16.55% for hybrid A and B respectively. Improved interaction because of the enhanced surface to volume ratio at the interface resulted in improvement of mechanical properties. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) of the fractured surface shows brittle fracture because of the incorporation of the ceramic reinforcements in the matrix material. The developed AA6061/SiC/B­4C hybrid nanocomposites show improved mechanical properties for high-performance structural applications.

A high yielding white seeded sesame culture VS 07 023 was developed at Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam and released as VRI 3 during 2017. It is a cross derivative of SVPR 1 and TKG 87. The culture was evaluated for rabi and the summer seasons. The culture VS 07 023 registered overall grain yield of 995 kg/ha which is 22.74 per cent and 17.33 per cent yield increase over the check SVPR 1 (811kg/ha) and TMV (SV) 7 (848 kg/ha), respectively over 95 locations during rabi season. Similarly, the culture VS 07 023 registered remarkably a higher mean seed yield of 1055 kg/ha against the check SVPR 1 (862 kg/ha) and TMV (SV) 7 (928kg/ha). The per cent increase in the mean seed yield over the check was 22.49 (SVPR 1) and 13.77 per cent (TMV (SV) 7). The culture is moderately resistant to Macrophomina root rot disease. The culture VS 07 023 is white seeded containing 50 per cent oil content and exhibited a profuse branching suitable for rabi and the summer irrigated conditions. In view of stable performance of sesame culture VS 07 023, it was released as a new sesame variety VRI 3 during 2017 by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore for cultivation in major sesame growing districts of Tamil Nadu during rabi and the summer irrigated conditions. Key wordsSesame, white seeded, new variety,VRI 3