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This article illustrates the controlling mechanism along with data transmission using optical camera communication in both line-of-sight and non-line-of sight (NLOS) environment. The transmitter of the system is mainly composite of microcontroller (Arduino Mega), DHT sensor, two LEDs, and four push button switches. Here, two LEDs are continuously transmitting the control and data signal. The control signal is operated through push button switches. We have used four different control signals that are transmitted from the LEDs and data transmission by collecting data from the surrounding through the temperature and humidity sensor. The entire transmitter operations are processed and controlled through arduino programming in a microcontroller. The COOK modulation technique is used for this system. For data reception, we have used laptop's camera that is controlled through five different exposure times and operated based on the rolling shutter effect of the camera. A logistic regression algorithm is applied to recognize the data transmitting LED from the normalized intensity of the stripe patterns. The receiver is capable to collect data under certain conditions, if the light source is obstructed by an object through deep neural network. Again, Generative Adversial Network (GAN) is used as a decoder to reduce the BER during moving scenario and NLOS conditions. Different activation functions are used in the GAN model to find the optimum solution for the system. However, we have archived the maximum 2.5 m communication distance with 10-4 BER. The receiver program is designed using Python 3.8.

Background: Erythrina fusca Lour. (fam. Fabaceae) is a flowering tree, found extensively in tropical and subtropical Asian countries, and is known for its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of various human ailments, for example, fever, liver complications, infections, and headaches. Objective: To carry out phytochemical study, and antimicrobial and free-radical scavenging activity evaluation of E. fusca. Methods: Ground stem bark of this plant was extracted by maceration with methanol, partitioned with various organic solvents, and compounds were isolated by chromatographic means. Structures of isolated compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic analyses. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method, and the free-radical scavenging activity was determined by DPPH assay. Results: The carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of the methanol extract of E. fusca afforded shinpterocarpin (1), lupinifolin (2), 3,9-dihydroxy-4-(3,3-dimethylallyl) [6aR,11aR]-pterocarpan (3) and β-sitosterol (4). Compounds 1-3 showed considerable antimicrobial activity against five Gram-positive and eight Gram–negative bacterial and three fungal strains tested in this study. Compound 1 exhibited the highest zone of inhibition of 19.4 mm against Bacillus subtilis. Additionally, compounds showed free-radical scavenging effects in DPPH assay with the IC50 values of 8.8, 7.7 and 7.9 µg/mL for compound 1, 2 and 3, respectively. However, they displayed some general toxicity in BSL assay. Conclusion: The isolation of bioactive compounds 1-3 supports some traditional medicinal uses of this plant. However, general toxicities found in the BSL assay might raise concerns regarding its safety, while offering a new avenue of future investigation on cytotoxicity of these compounds against human cancer cell lines.

Various growth regulators have been used to improve the quality of different fruit crops. Foliar spray of macro and micronutrients play an important role in vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality. In the present study, the influence of foliar application of growth regulators and nutrients on fruit splitting and fruit quality was evaluated. For that purpose, Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), Potassium nitrate (KNO3) and Boric acid (H3BO3) at the rate of 40 ppm, 1% and 0.3% were used respectively. Spray of chemicals were applied in 2nd and 8th week from full bloom to yield in pomegranate cultivar ‘Golden pearl’. The experiment was designed under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprised with seven treatments and replicated thrice. Fruit splitting was reduced (48.68%) significantly with application of KNO3 + Boric acid, while maximum fruit size (60.26 cm2), fruit weight (84gm), fruit grain weight (136.38gm), total soluble solid (TSS) 12.52% and yield (21.9kg/plant) were observed in KNO3 + Boric acid. Moreover, peel weight was increased in control (60.66 gm) and minimum was observed in 48.62 gm in KNO3 + Boric acid. Finally, it is concluded KNO3 %+ Boric acid reveled best results against fruit splitting % and other fruit quality parameters. These findings show that application of KNO3+ Boric acid significantly influences fruit quality of pomegranate when fruit are in the beginning stages of growth and development.

Calcific aortic stenosis is a common heart disease and the most common cause of surgical interventions on heart valves in old age. Eliminated course, nonspecific clinical symptoms, and late patients seeking surgical help, lead to high mortality, reaching 50 % over the next 5 years. Despite the frequent occurrence, our knowledge of this type of aortic defect remains incomplete. About 300 years ago A. Bonnet first described defect as a random isolated pathological finding in the corpse of a Parisian tailor. Later, R. Virchow designated ectopic calcification / ossification as the main cause of the development of the disease and put forward the theory of hematogenous drift. In 1904, J. G. Mönckeberg considered calcific aortic stenosis a manifestation of “senile degeneration” of valves and blood vessels. W. S. Roberts retrospectively correlated the classic triad of symptoms with the time of death of patients with aortic stenosis. The progress of cardiac surgery in the middle of the 20th century made it possible to describe in detail ectopic calcification as an active, progressive, recurrent and potentially modifiable process. In the works of the staff of the Nesterov’s department of facultative therapy demonstrated a high incidence of the disease in the population of the Russia. The main reason for the development of symptoms is a progressive obstruction of the exit tract of the left ventricle of the heart, its uneven hypertrophy, rhythm and conduction disturbances in combination with concomitant arterial hypertension and other comorbidities. A change in the nature of systolic murmur, underestimation of symptoms by doctors and patients themselves, the ambiguity of echocardiography data lead to late diagnosis of the disease and untimely surgical treatment. Disturbances of calcium and bone metabolism significantly reduce the functional status of patients, including due to an adverse effect on cardiac hemodynamics. Modern molecular genetic studies are aimed at finding possible ways to control a systemic inflammatory reaction, suppress lipid peroxidation, inhibit calcification and modify the osteogenic potential of interstitial cells of heart valves.

First-principles density functional theory calculations were performed to assess the pressure effect on structural, electronic, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of cubic intermetallic UIr3. The calculated lattice parameter deviates from the experimental value by 0.40%, indicating the reliability of the present study. The obtained lattice constant decreases at a constant rate with pressure over the entire pressure range. The band structure and Fermi surface disclose the metallic nature of UIr3. The external pressure suppresses the overlapping between the valence and conduction bands and reduces the total density of state at the Fermi level. The pseudogap moves to the left from the Fermi level with increasing pressure, which indicates a decrease in the structural stability of UIr3. Peaks in the valence band move toward deeper energy positions when the external pressure is increased from 0 to 25 GPa, indicating the increase in the covalency of UIr3. Contour maps of charge density and Mulliken population analysis imply that UIr3 has also partial ionic and covalent nature in chemical bonding. In the considered pressure range, UIr3 maintains its mechanical and dynamical stability as well as ductility and machinability. The elastic anisotropic level of UIr3 increases slightly with fluctuations above the pressure of 5 GPa. Shape change in UIr3 will be more difficult due to the increase in shear modulus and microhardness under the external pressure. Thermal properties of UIr3 are favorable for being a promising thermal barrier coating material, and optical reflectivity makes it a potential candidate material for coating to diminish solar heating.

Up-gradation of wireless communication system is mainly based on some critical attributes like speed, coverage, interoperability, reliability, cost, security etc. This paper looks potential approaches to network quality analysis based on mobility. In this paper, focus is given to determine handover latency, vital property of mobility. This paper presents simulation to investigate handover effects-handover latency in homogeneous and heterogeneous environment using network simulator NCTUns 6.0 and simulator version 2 (NS-2) respectively for different generations of wireless communication. Also simulation is performed to find out the handover latency with respect to mobile node’s speed and then the results are compared with each other for performance analysis. The obtained results show that advanced generations of wireless communication provides low handover latency as well as higher mobility support which leads to better network performance and seamless connectivity.

Primary mesothelioma of the pericardium is a rare heart tumor with a difficult diagnosis, revealed in vivo in less than a quarter of cases. The disease occurs at any age, more common in men and variably exhibits a broad spectrum of non-specific symptoms of congestive heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade. Patients are usually observed with peripheral edema, ascites, dyspnea, cough, chest pain and atrial fibrillation. Such symptoms, in the absence of cancer alertness, are erroneously attributed by doctors to more common cardiovascular diseases. As a result, primary mesothelioma is detected in 75-90% of cases only at necropsy. The article describes a case of detection at autopsy of primary pericardial mesothelioma sarcomatous type with invasion into the myocardium in a patient of 74 years old. The patient also suffered from concomitant coronary artery disease with a long history of chronic heart failure and recurrent pulmonary embolism, associated with deep vein thrombosis at the final stage of the disease. An objective study revealed signs of chronic heart failure. The laboratory data included mild iron deficiency anemia, insignificant leukocytosis and leukocyturia, as well as signs of moderate chronic kidney disease. Instrumental results corresponded to long-term course of hypertension, signs of congestive heart failure in the presence of atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis of lower limbs arteries in patient with abdominal obesity. Thus, there were no clinical signs of pericardial damage in a standard examination of the patient. The article describes the complexity of the disease diagnosis, variable clinical picture, as well as the diagnostic value of various instrumental methods from the perspective of evidence-based medicine. It is noted that clinical alertness is still the most important factor in the lifetime diagnosis of pericardial mesothelioma. Disease should be considered in patients with recurrent pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, pericardial mass or thickening of pericardium leaflets. For reliable diagnosis of a tumor, modern imaging studies and histological examination are required.

Primary angiosarcoma of the heart, constituting 33% of primary heart malignancies in adults, refers to rare diseases with a difficult diagnosis. The article describes the case of primary angiosarcoma of the right atrium, diagnosed posthumously in a patient of 45 years old. The disease debuted in a previously healthy woman 45 years, 2 months before her death. There were episodes of sudden decrease in blood pressure with pain in the chest and short-term loss of consciousness, as well as moderate manifestations of heart failure (hydrothorax, small ascites, hydropericardium, hepatomegaly, leg shunting). The patient died suddenly, a pathologic study revealed an angiosarcoma of the right atrium with invasive growth, accompanied by inferior vena cava stenosis. Angiosarcoma of the heart should be included in a differential diagnosis of patient with pericardial effusion of unspecified genesis, syndromes of vena cava obstruction, unexplained right ventricular failure, syncope with a fall in blood pressure, especially in middle-aged patients.

This paper reports an experimental analysis to investigate the enhancement of turbulent heat transfer flow of air through one smooth tube and four different tubes with wire-coil inserts (Pitches, Pc = 12, 24, 40, and 50 mm with corresponding helix angles, a =100, 200, 350, and 450, respectively) at low Reynolds numbers ranging from 6000 to 22000. The test section of the tube was electrically heated and was cooled by fully developed turbulent air flow. The performance of the tubes was evaluated by considering the condition of maximizing heat transfer rate. From the measured data, the heat transfer characteristics such as heat transfer coefficient, effectiveness and Nusselt number, and the fluid flow behaviours such as friction factor, pressure drops and pumping power along the axial distance of the test section were analyzed at those Reynolds numbers for the tubes. The results indicated that for the tubes with wire-coil inserts at low Reynolds numbers, the turbulent heat transfer coefficient might be as much as two-folds higher, the friction factors could be as much as four-folds higher, and the effectiveness might be as much as 1.25 folds higher than those for the smooth tube with similar flow conditions. A correlation was also developed to predict the turbulent heat transfer coefficients through the tubes at low Reynolds numbers.

The purpose of this article is to provide information on the history, accomplishments, and future direction of the Bt brinjal (eggplant) program in Bangladesh, formerly under the Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II, now the South Asia Eggplant Improvement Partnership (SAEIP). The India-based Maharashtra Hybrid Seed Company (Mahyco) developed an eggplant expressing Cry1Ac (EE-1) for control of the eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB). In a partnership among Mahyco, USAID, Sathguru Management Consultants and Cornell University EE-1 was provided to the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) who bred it into local varieties. After regulatory approval, four varieties were distributed to 20 farmers who harvested Bt brinjal in 2014. Adoption in subsequent years has increased rapidly so that, in 2018, 27,012 farmers used this technology. This article provides background information on the process leading up to current adoption levels, the level of control of EFSB achieved and the economic benefits of Bt brinjal. Efforts on stewardship, farmer training and communication are discussed. In order to ensure the long-term future of the partnership, we discuss the need to enhance involvement of the private sector in the production and stewardship of Bt eggplant. Bt brinjal is the first genetically engineered crop to be commercially released in Bangladesh, and other GE crops are in the pipeline. Hence, success of the Bt brinjal partnership is likely to affect the future of other GE crops in Bangladesh, as well as other parts of the world where biotechnology is needed for food security and environmental safety.

Issues of pathogenesis of the calcified aortic stenosis and ischemic heart disease in the elderly are considered. The relevance of early detection of angina, syncope, and dyspnea in view of their non-specific and subclinical course for early detection of heart disease is specified. Current scientific views on the myocardial bioenergy and its role in the genesis of chronic heart failure are presented. Particular attention is paid to the place of cytoprotectors, especially trimetazidine, in the management of patients with cardiac N.Yu. Karpova1diseases.

Electroencephalographic signal is a representative signal that contains information about brain activity, which is used for the detection of epilepsy since epileptic seizures are caused by a disturbance in the electrophysiological activity of the brain. The prediction of epileptic seizure usually requires a detailed and experienced analysis of EEG. In this paper, we have introduced a statistical analysis of EEG signal that is capable of recognizing epileptic seizure with a high degree of accuracy and helps to provide automatic detection of epileptic seizure for different ages of epilepsy. To accomplish the target research, we extract various epileptic features namely approximate entropy (ApEn), standard deviation (SD), standard error (SE), modified mean absolute value (MMAV), roll-off (R), and zero crossing (ZC) from the epileptic signal. The k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) algorithm is used for the classification of epilepsy then regression analysis is used for the prediction of the epilepsy level at different ages of the patients. Using the statistical parameters and regression analysis, a prototype mathematical model is proposed which helps to find the epileptic randomness with respect to the age of different subjects. The accuracy of this prototype equation depends on proper analysis of the dynamic information from the epileptic EEG.

The given clinical example presents a case of concomitant diseases of the heart and axial skeleton. Calcific aortic stenosis detected by chance in an elderly male was associated with osteoporosis of the lumbar spine with moderate perturbation of the calcium–vitamin D–parathyroid hormone axis and with no classical risk factors for impaired bone mineral density. Possible approaches to pathogenetic therapy are described.

The aim – to study the association of the mitral annular calcification (MAC) with traditional risk factors and clinical manifestations of atherosclerosisin patients aged over 65 years without diabetes.Materials and methods. The prospective study included 100 patients over 65 years with MAC consistently identified among 910 ambulatory patients after transthoracic Doppler echocardiography in relation to the symptoms of cardiovascular disease. The comparison group consisted of 65 consecutively examined patients aged over 65 with no MAC.Results. When comparing risk factors in patients with and without MAC, MAC statistically significant differences was found with age (72,4 ± 5,4 and 70,2 ± 4,3 years, respectively; p = 0,006), the incidence of hypertension of moderate and severe degree (99 % and 90.8 % of patients, p = 0.012), levels of total cholesterol – TC (6,91 ± 0,92 and 6,2 ± 0,90 mmol / l, p = 0.0008) and lipoproteinlow density (3,57 ± 0,95 and 2,96 ± 0,96 mmol / l, p = 0.004) in subgroups of patients aged 65 to 70 years. In multivariate analysis remained statistically significant association of MAC only with age (p = 0,025, β = 0,173) and total cholesterol levels (p = 0,040; β = 0,160). Averages of the coefficient of atherogenicity of blood lipids, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, body mass index, waist circumference, the frequency of smoking, and risk assessment on a scale of SCORE in groups of patients with and without MAC did not differ significantly. In patients with MAC was higher incidence of myocardial infarction (p = 0.024) and more often than in patients without MAC, diagnosed coronary heart disease (p = 0.029). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for age and total cholesterol level is set significantly associated with the presence and extent of MAC with symptomatic atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (p < 0,00001; β = 0,410).Conclusion. In patients with MAC older than 65 years without diabetes, incidence of cardiovascular disease associated with atherosclerosis,was significantly higher than in patients without MAC. There was a direct relationship with MAC patient's age and level of total cholesterol. No other risk factors for MAC common with cardiovascular diseases related to atherosclerosis in elderly patients were identified.

The article is devoted to complex assessment of several clinical and instrumental parameters inpatients with calcificated degenerative aortal stenosis (CDAS) of varying severity. The main group included 101CDAS patients, the control group - 32 individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD)) and / or arterial hypertension, but without aortal valve pathology, according to echocardiography data. Aortal stenosis progression was associated with increased prevalence of angina pain syndrome, paroxysmal night dyspnoe, vertigo, atypical systolic murmur, and aortal regurgitation. Hotter monitoring demonstrated myocardial ischemia in 32, 6 % of CDAS patients, and stair test - in 66, 6 % (painless ischemia in 57, 6 % of the cases). Physical stress tolerance decreased as aortal stenosis severity increased.

Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) causes rapid islet loss in portal vein islet transplantation. Endothelial cells are known to protect against complement-mediated lysis and activation of coagulation. We tested composite pig islet–human endothelial cell grafts as a strategy to overcome IBMIR. Porcine islets were cocultured with human endothelial cells in specially modified culture medium composed of M199 and M200 for 1–9 days. A positive control group, negative control group, and the endothelial cell-coated group were examined with an in vitro tubing loop assay using human blood. The endothelial cell-coated group was subdivided and analyzed by degree of surface coverage by endothelial cells (≤50% vs. >50%) or coculture time (

ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the hydrodistillated essential oil and various extracts obtained from Premna integrifolia Linn. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil was resulted in determination 29 different compounds, representing 95.73% of total oil. Antioxidant activities of the essential oil and organic extracts of chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were determined by three different test systems namely DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The essential oil and methanol extract showed potent antioxidant activity among all the tested samples. Furthermore, the amount of total phenolic compounds was determined and its content in methanol extract was the highest as compared to other samples. The results indicate that the essential oil and extracts of Premna integrifolia could serve as an important bio-resource of antioxidants for using in the pharmaceutical industries.