1,637 results on '"M de Boer"'
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2. Risk to rely on soil carbon sequestration to offset global ruminant emissions
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Yue Wang, Imke J. M. de Boer, U. Martin Persson, Raimon Ripoll-Bosch, Christel Cederberg, Pierre J. Gerber, Pete Smith, and Corina E. van Middelaar
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Carbon sequestration in grasslands has been proposed as an important means to offset greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant systems. To understand the potential and limitations of this strategy, we need to acknowledge that soil carbon sequestration is a time-limited benefit, and there are intrinsic differences between short- and long-lived greenhouse gases. Here, our analysis shows that one tonne of carbon sequestrated can offset radiative forcing of a continuous emission of 0.99 kg methane or 0.1 kg nitrous oxide per year over 100 years. About 135 gigatonnes of carbon is required to offset the continuous methane and nitrous oxide emissions from ruminant sector worldwide, nearly twice the current global carbon stock in managed grasslands. For various regions, grassland carbon stocks would need to increase by approximately 25% − 2,000%, indicating that solely relying on carbon sequestration in grasslands to offset warming effect of emissions from current ruminant systems is not feasible.
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- 2023
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3. 'Boy, what are we all doing? We are crazy, really crazy': a qualitative study of psychosocial processes around an atypical one-time smoking cessation course
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E. G. Meeuwsen, M. J. J. de Kleijn, E. M. de Boer, A. F. Koçak, N. H. Chavannes, and E. Meijer
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Smoking cessation ,Identity ,Social support ,Long-term Smoking ,Group course ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Abstract Background Smoking prevalence is still high, which requires effective interventions that help many people who smoke at once in addition to time-consuming individual interventions. ‘I Quit’ is a large-scale smoking cessation course in The Netherlands. This qualitative study explored I Quit participants’ experiences during and after the course, and perceptions of whether and how the course may have altered their smoking behavior. Methods We performed individual semi-structured interviews with course participants (N = 21) who had either quit successfully, attempted to quit but relapsed, or had continued to smoke after ‘I Quit’. Shortly after qualitative data collection was completed, Foundation I Quit was accused in the media of a number of misbehaviors. Although unplanned, this provided a unique opportunity to explore participants’ views on alleged fraud in a second round of interviews (N = 16). Data were collected from 2016 to 2018. Results Qualitative findings showed two psychosocial processes that may explain smoking cessation after course attendance. First, the confrontation with a large group of people who smoke, of whom some had already developed smoking-related complaints, triggered identity processes both towards and away from quitting smoking. Unorthodox methods used in the course appeared to trigger identity processes. Second, social support after the course from participants’ own social network facilitated maintenance of successful quitting. The study also found that interview participants’ opinions on I Quit did not change much after allegations of fraud in the media. Conclusions Findings suggest that a one-time course might initiate psychosocial processes that could help certain smokers to gain motivation to quit, requiring a minimum of resources. Identity processes triggered by the course seem tricky as people have different ways of dealing with identity threat, some of which can be counterproductive and even result in more difficulty quitting. More research is needed to examine who can benefit from a one-time course, and who needs more support in order to quit successfully.
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- 2023
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4. Type-2 CD8+ T-cell formation relies on interleukin-33 and is linked to asthma exacerbations
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Esmee K. van der Ploeg, Lisette Krabbendam, Heleen Vroman, Menno van Nimwegen, Marjolein J. W. de Bruijn, Geertje M. de Boer, Ingrid M. Bergen, Mirjam Kool, Gerdien A. Tramper-Standers, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Danny Huylebroeck, Rudi W. Hendriks, and Ralph Stadhouders
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Science - Abstract
Abstract CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells are considered the main producers of type-2 cytokines that fuel chronic airway inflammation in allergic asthma. However, CD8+ cytotoxic T (Tc) cells - critical for anti-viral defense - can also produce type-2 cytokines (referred to as ‘Tc2’ cells). The role of Tc cells in asthma and virus-induced disease exacerbations remains poorly understood, including which micro-environmental signals and cell types promote Tc2 cell formation. Here we show increased circulating Tc2 cell abundance in severe asthma patients, reaching peak levels during exacerbations and likely emerging from canonical IFNγ+ Tc cells through plasticity. Tc2 cell abundance is associated with increased disease burden, higher exacerbations rates and steroid insensitivity. Mouse models of asthma recapitulate the human disease by showing extensive type-2 skewing of lung Tc cells, which is controlled by conventional type-1 dendritic cells and IFNγ. Importantly, we demonstrate that the alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) critically promotes type-2 cytokine production by lung Tc cells in experimental allergic airway inflammation. Our data identify Tc cells as major producers of type-2 cytokines in severe asthma and during exacerbations that are remarkably sensitive to alterations in their inflammatory tissue micro-environment, with IL-33 emerging as an important regulator of Tc2 formation.
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- 2023
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5. Summer surface air temperature proxies point to near-sea-ice-free conditions in the Arctic at 127 ka
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L. C. Sime, R. Sivankutty, I. Vallet-Malmierca, A. M. de Boer, and M. Sicard
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The Last Interglacial (LIG) period, which had higher summer solar insolation than today, has been suggested as the last time that Arctic summers were ice free. However, the latest suite of Coupled Modelling Intercomparison Project 6 Paleoclimate (CMIP6-PMIP4) simulations of the LIG produce a wide range of Arctic summer minimum sea ice area (SIA) results, with a 30 % to 96 % reduction from the pre-industrial (PI) period. Sea ice proxies are also currently neither abundant nor consistent enough to determine the most realistic state. Here we estimate LIG minimum SIA indirectly through the use of 21 proxy records for LIG summer surface air temperature (SSAT) and 11 CMIP6-PMIP4 models for the LIG. We use two approaches. First, we use two tests to determine how skilful models are at simulating reconstructed ΔSSAT from proxy records (where Δ refers to LIG-PI). This identifies a positive correlation between model skill and the magnitude of ΔSIA: the most reliable models simulate a larger sea ice reduction. Averaging the two most skilful models yields an average SIA of 1.3×106 km2 for the LIG. This equates to a 4.5×106 km2 or 79 % SIA reduction from the PI to the LIG. Second, across the 11 models, the averaged ΔSSAT at the 21 proxy locations and the pan-Arctic average ΔSSAT are inversely correlated with ΔSIA (r=-0.86 and −0.79, respectively). In other words, the models show that a larger Arctic warming is associated with a greater sea ice reduction. Using the proxy-record-averaged ΔSSAT of 4.5±1.7 K and the relationship between ΔSSAT and ΔSIA suggests an estimated sea ice reduction of 4.2±1.4×106 km2 or about 74 % less sea ice than the PI period. The mean proxy-location ΔSSAT is well correlated with the Arctic-wide ΔSSAT north of 60∘ N (r=0.97), and this relationship is used to show that the mean proxy record ΔSSAT is equivalent to an Arctic-wide warming of 3.7±1.5 K at the LIG compared to the PI period. Applying this Arctic-wide ΔSSAT and its modelled relationship to ΔSIA, results in a similar estimate of LIG sea ice reduction of 4.1±1.2×106 km2. These LIG climatological minimum SIA of 1.3 to 1.5×106 km2 are close to the definition of a summer ice-free Arctic, which is a maximum sea ice extent of less than 1×106 km2. The results of this study thus suggest that the Arctic likely experienced a mixture of ice-free and near-ice-free summers during the LIG.
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- 2023
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6. Sea surface temperature evolution of the North Atlantic Ocean across the Eocene–Oligocene transition
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K. K. Śliwińska, H. K. Coxall, D. K. Hutchinson, D. Liebrand, S. Schouten, and A. M. de Boer
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
A major step in the long-term Cenozoic evolution toward a glacially driven climate occurred at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT), ∼34.44 to 33.65 million years ago (Ma). Evidence for high-latitude cooling and increased latitudinal temperature gradients across the EOT has been found in a range of marine and terrestrial environments. However, the timing and magnitude of temperature change in the North Atlantic remains highly unconstrained. Here, we use two independent organic geochemical palaeothermometers to reconstruct sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from the southern Labrador Sea (Ocean Drilling Program – ODP Site 647) across the EOT. The new SST records, now the most detailed for the North Atlantic through the 1 Myr leading up to the EOT onset, reveal a distinctive cooling step of ∼3 ∘C (from 27 to 24 ∘C), between 34.9 and 34.3 Ma, which is ∼500 kyr prior to Antarctic glaciation. This cooling step, when compared visually to other SST records, is asynchronous across Atlantic sites, signifying considerable spatiotemporal variability in regional SST evolution. However, overall, it fits within a phase of general SST cooling recorded across sites in the North Atlantic in the 5 Myr bracketing the EOT. Such cooling might be unexpected in light of proxy and modelling studies suggesting the start-up of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) before the EOT, which should warm the North Atlantic. Results of an EOT modelling study (GFDL CM2.1) help reconcile this, finding that a reduction in atmospheric CO2 from 800 to 400 ppm may be enough to counter the warming from an AMOC start-up, here simulated through Arctic–Atlantic gateway closure. While the model simulations applied here are not yet in full equilibrium, and the experiments are idealised, the results, together with the proxy data, highlight the heterogeneity of basin-scale surface ocean responses to the EOT thermohaline changes, with sharp temperature contrasts expected across the northern North Atlantic as positions of the subtropical and subpolar gyre systems shift. Suggested future work includes increasing spatial coverage and resolution of regional SST proxy records across the North Atlantic to identify likely thermohaline fingerprints of the EOT AMOC start-up, as well as critical analysis of the causes of inter-model responses to help better understand the driving mechanisms.
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- 2023
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7. Bi-objective optimization of organ properties for the simulation of intracavitary brachytherapy applicator placement in cervical cancer.
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Cedric J. Rodriguez, Stephanie M. de Boer, Peter A. N. Bosman, and Tanja Alderliesten
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- 2023
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8. Bone defect development in experimental canine peri-implantitis models: a systematic review
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A. Solderer, M. de Boer, D. B. Wiedemeier, M. Solderer, C. C. Liu, and P. R. Schmidlin
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Bone defects ,Dental implant ,Dogs ,Ligature ,Peri-implantitis ,Review ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Purpose To provide a systematic overview of preclinical research regarding bone defect formation around different implant surfaces after ligature-induced peri-implantitis models in dogs. Two focused questions were formulated: ‘How much bone loss can be expected after a certain time of ligature induced peri-implantitis?’ and ‘Do different implant types, dog breeds and study protocols differ in their extent of bone loss?’ Materials and methods A systematic literature search was conducted on four databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE and Scopus). Observations, which consisted of bone defects measured directly after ligature removal in canine models, were included and analysed. Two approaches were used to analyse the relatively heterogeneous studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. First, separate simple linear regressions were calculated for each study and implant surface, for which observations were available across multiple time points. Second, a linear mixed model was specified for the observations at 12 weeks after ligature initiation, and assessing the potential influencing factors on defect depth was explored using lasso regularisation. Results Thirty-six studies with a total of 1082 implants were included after. Bone loss was determined at different time points, either with clinical measurements radiographically or histologically. Different implant groups [e.g. turned, sand-blasted-acid-etched (SLA), titanium-plasma-sprayed (TPS) and other rough surfaces] were assessed and described in the studies. A mean incremental defect depth increase of 0.08 mm (SD: −0.01–0.28 mm) per week was observed. After 12 weeks, the defect depths ranged between 0.7 and 5 mm. Based on the current data set, implant surface could not be statistically identified as an essential factor in defect depth after 12 weeks of ligature-induced peri-implantitis. Conclusion Expectable defect depth after a specific time of ligature-induced peri-implantitis can vary robustly. It is currently impossible to delineate apparent differences in bone loss around different implant surfaces.
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- 2022
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9. The effect of the Progressive Goal Attainment Program on cognitions, perceptions, and work participation of workers with chronic health problems: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
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Mariska de Wit, Hendrika P. Zijlstra, Carel T. J. Hulshof, Sylvia J. van der Burg-Vermeulen, and Angela G. E. M. de Boer
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Progressive Goal Attainment Program ,PGAP ,Intervention ,Work participation ,Workability ,Cognitions ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cognitions and perceptions of workers with chronic health problems, such as catastrophizing thoughts and fear-avoidance beliefs, can negatively influence work participation. The Progressive Goal Attainment Program (PGAP) is an intervention developed in Canada with the aim of decreasing limiting cognitions and perceptions and increasing work participation. The objective of this protocol article is to describe the design of a randomized controlled superiority trial to study whether PGAP is effective in decreasing limiting cognitions and perceptions and increasing workability and work participation of workers with chronic health problems in the Netherlands. Methods This study is a randomized controlled superiority trial with two (parallel) groups, in which workers on sick leave are randomly assigned to an intervention group (PGAP intervention) or to a waiting-list control group (care as usual). The PGAP intervention consists of a maximum of 10 weekly individual sessions provided by a trained PGAP professional in which the worker learns about staying active, planning activities, and setting goals. Participants in this risk-targeted behavioral activation intervention also learn to be more aware of their cognitions and perceptions and learn about solution-focused problem-solving skills in challenging situations. The primary outcome is the degree of catastrophizing. Secondary outcomes are other personal cognitions and perceptions (e.g., expectations regarding return to work, self-efficacy), health symptoms (e.g., fatigue, depression), work participation (e.g., sick leave status, work hours), and other work-related outcomes (e.g., workability, quality of working life). Discussion Although PGAP shows positive effects in Canada, we do not know whether this intervention is effective in the Netherlands. This study is the first randomized controlled trial to test the effect of PGAP on limiting cognitions and perceptions and on work participation of workers with chronic health problems in the Netherlands. If PGAP is effective it could be implemented in the Netherlands in order to stimulate workability and work participation of workers. Trial registration The protocol of this study is registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NL9832) in October 2021.
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- 2022
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10. Views of breast cancer survivors on work participation guidance by general practitioners: a qualitative study
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Marie-Christine Sarfo, Kristel M. van Asselt, Monique H. Frings-Dresen, Femke de Jong, Nynke van Dijk, and Angela G. E. M. de Boer
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Focus groups ,General practice ,Qualitative research ,Return to work ,Cancer survivors ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Breast cancer survivors can be at high risk of having work-related problems. Previous studies suggest that GPs could discuss work participation with cancer patients and provide guidance. The aim this study is to explore the experiences and expectations of breast cancer survivors with their GPs’ role regarding guidance on work participation and return to work. Methods A qualitative study with Dutch female breast cancer survivors was held in the Netherlands. Four focus groups with 25 participants were conducted and audio-taped. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Breast cancer survivors reported a wide range of experiences with guidance from their GPs regarding work participation. Patients who contacted their GPs with work-related issues felt listened to during the consultation. Some patients experienced very limited or no guidance, while others were intensively guided by their GPs. The guidance was provided in the form of counseling, psychosocial support, and referral to other health care professionals. When cancer patients experienced problems with reintegration in work, they expected GPs to have a supportive and referring role in work participation guidance. Conclusion In returning to work, breast cancer survivors expect their GPs to play a supportive role, especially when they encounter difficulties in reintegrating. However, their actual experience of guidance received from their GPs varied, from none received at all, to intensive support provided.
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- 2022
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11. Global and Zonal-Mean Hydrological Response to Early Eocene Warmth
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Margot J. Cramwinckel, Natalie J. Burls, Abdullah A. Fahad, Scott Knapp, Christopher K. West, Tammo Reichgelt, David R. Greenwood, Wing-Le Chan, Yannick Donnadieu, David K. Hutchinson, Agatha M. De Boer, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Polina A. Morozova, Igor Niezgodzki, Gregor Knorr, Sebastian Steinig, Zhongshi Zhang, Jiang Zhu, Ran Feng, Daniel J. Lunt, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, and Gordon N. Inglis
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Space Sciences (General) ,Earth Resources and Remote Sensing - Abstract
Earth's hydrological cycle is expected to intensify in response to global warming, with a “wet-gets-wetter, dry-gets-drier” response anticipated over the ocean. Subtropical regions (∼15°–30°N/S) are predicted to become drier, yet proxy evidence from past warm climates suggests these regions may be characterized by wetter conditions. Here we use an integrated data-modeling approach to reconstruct global and zonal-mean rainfall patterns during the early Eocene (∼56–48 million years ago). The Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP) model ensemble indicates that the mid- (30°–60°N/S) and high-latitudes (>60°N/S) are characterized by a thermodynamically dominated hydrological response to warming and overall wetter conditions. The tropical band (0°–15°N/S) is also characterized by wetter conditions, with several DeepMIP models simulating narrowing of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone. However, the latter is not evident from the proxy data. The subtropics are characterized by negative precipitation-evaporation anomalies (i.e., drier conditions) in the DeepMIP models, but there is surprisingly large inter-model variability in mean annual precipitation (MAP). Intriguingly, we find that models with weaker meridional temperature gradients (e.g., CESM, GFDL) are characterized by a reduction in subtropical moisture divergence, leading to an increase in MAP. These model simulations agree more closely with our new proxy-derived precipitation reconstructions and other key climate metrics and imply that the early Eocene was characterized by reduced subtropical moisture divergence. If the meridional temperature gradient was even weaker than suggested by those DeepMIP models, circulation-induced changes may have outcompeted thermodynamic changes, leading to wetter subtropics. This highlights the importance of accurately reconstructing zonal temperature gradients when reconstructing past rainfall patterns.
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- 2023
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12. Letter to the editor on a paper by Kaivola et al. (2020): carriership of two copies of C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat intermediate-length alleles is not associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or frontotemporal dementia
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Sterre C. M. de Boer, Lauren Woolley, Merel O. Mol, Maria Serpente, Lianne M. Reus, Rick van Minkelen, Joke F. A. van Vugt, Federica Sorrentino, Jan H. Veldink, Harro Seelaar, Daniela Galimberti, Fred van Ruissen, Simon Mead, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, and Sven J. van der Lee
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Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2022
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13. Tertiary lymphoid structures critical for prognosis in endometrial cancer patients
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Nanda Horeweg, Hagma H. Workel, Dominik Loiero, David N. Church, Lisa Vermij, Alicia Léon-Castillo, Ricki T. Krog, Stephanie M. de Boer, Remi A. Nout, Melanie E. Powell, Linda R. Mileshkin, Helen MacKay, Alexandra Leary, Naveena Singh, Ina M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz, Vincent T. H. B. M. Smit, Carien L. Creutzberg, Viktor H. Koelzer, Hans W. Nijman, Tjalling Bosse, Marco de Bruyn, and TransPORTEC consortium
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Science - Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are associated with a reduced risk of cancer recurrence and improved response to immune checkpoint blockade in several tumor types. Here the authors identify L1CAM as a marker for mature TLS and show that the presence of TLS is associated with favorable prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer from the PORTEC-3 trial.
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- 2022
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14. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on diagnostic pathology in the Netherlands
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M. L. F. van Velthuysen, S. van Eeden, S. le Cessie, M. de Boer, H. van Boven, B. M. Koomen, F. Roozekrans, J. Bart, W. Timens, and Q. J. M. Voorham
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COVID-19 ,Workload ,Pathology diagnostics ,Malignancy rate ,Cytopathology ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has a huge impact on healthcare provided. The nationwide pathology registry of the Netherlands, PALGA, offers an outstanding opportunity to measure this impact for diseases in which pathology examinations are involved. Methods Pathology specimen numbers in 2020 were compared with specimen numbers in 2019 for 5 periods of 4 weeks, representing two lockdowns and the periods in between, taking into account localization, procedure and benign versus malignant diagnosis. Results The largest decrease was seen during the first lockdown (spring 2020), when numbers of pathology reports declined up to 88% and almost all specimen types were affected. Afterwards each specimen type showed its own dynamics with a decrease during the second lockdown for some, while for others numbers remained relatively low during the whole year. Generally, for most tissue types resections, cytology and malignant diagnoses showed less decrease than biopsies and benign diagnoses. A significant but small catch-up (up to 17%) was seen for benign cervical cytology, benign resections of the lower gastro-intestinal tract, malignant skin resections and gallbladder resections. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on pathology diagnostics in 2020. This effect was most pronounced during the first lockdown, diverse for different anatomical sites and for cytology compared with histology. The data presented here can help to assess the consequences on (public) health and provide a starting point in the discussion on how to make the best choices in times of scarce healthcare resources, considering the impact of both benign and malignant disease on quality of life.
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- 2022
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15. Training on involving cognitions and perceptions in the occupational health management and work disability assessment of workers: development and evaluation
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Mariska de Wit, Nina Zipfel, Bedra Horreh, Carel T. J. Hulshof, Haije Wind, and Angela G. E. M. de Boer
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Occupational health ,Occupational physicians ,Insurance physicians ,Cognition ,Perception ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background In order to improve work participation of workers with a chronic disease, it is important for occupational health professionals (OHPs) to focus on those factors that can influence work participation. Cognitions and perceptions, such as recovery expectations and self-efficacy, are examples of these factors that can influence work participation. However, no training program is available for OHPs on how to involve cognitions and perceptions during their practice. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a training program for OHPs on how to involve cognitions and perceptions in the occupational health management and work disability assessment of workers with a chronic disease. In addition, to evaluate the OHPs’ satisfaction with the training and the feasibility of the training and learned skills. Methods The training program was developed using information from previously conducted studies regarding cognitions and perceptions in relation to work participation. Satisfaction with the training by OHPs was evaluated by means of a questionnaire. A smaller group of OHPs were interviewed three to six months after the training to evaluate the feasibility of the training and learned skills. Results The 4.5-h training program consisted of four parts concerning: 1) cognitions and perceptions associated with work participation, 2) how to obtain information on them, 3) the course of the conversation on these factors, and 4) intervening on these factors. Eight training sessions were conducted with 57 OHPs, of whom 54 evaluated the training. Participants were very satisfied (score 8.5 on a scale from 1 to 10). The eleven interviewed participants were more aware of cognitions and perceptions during consultations and perceived the training to be feasible. However, not all participants had applied the acquired skills in their practice, partially because of a lack of time. Conclusions OHPs are very satisfied with the training program and perceive it to be feasible. The training increases awareness of important cognitions and perceptions and may possibly help to increase work participation of workers with a chronic disease.
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- 2022
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16. Genome-wide association study of frontotemporal dementia identifies a C9ORF72 haplotype with a median of 12-G4C2 repeats that predisposes to pathological repeat expansions
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Lianne M. Reus, Iris E. Jansen, Merel O. Mol, Fred van Ruissen, Jeroen van Rooij, Natasja M. van Schoor, Niccolò Tesi, Marcel J. T. Reinders, Martijn A. Huisman, Henne Holstege, Pieter Jelle Visser, Sterre C. M. de Boer, Marc Hulsman, Shahzad Ahmad, Najaf Amin, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Arfan Ikram, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Harro Seelaar, Inez H. G. B. Ramakers, Frans R. J. Verhey, Aad van der Lugt, Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen, Geert Jan Biessels, Peter Paul De Deyn, Philip Scheltens, Wiesje M. van der Flier, John C. van Swieten, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, and Sven J. van der Lee
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Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Genetic factors play a major role in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The majority of FTD cannot be genetically explained yet and it is likely that there are still FTD risk loci to be discovered. Common variants have been identified with genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but these studies have not systematically searched for rare variants. To identify rare and new common variant FTD risk loci and provide more insight into the heritability of C9ORF72-related FTD, we performed a GWAS consisting of 354 FTD patients (including and excluding N = 28 pathological repeat carriers) and 4209 control subjects. The Haplotype Reference Consortium was used as reference panel, allowing for the imputation of rare genetic variants. Two rare genetic variants nearby C9ORF72 were strongly associated with FTD in the discovery (rs147211831: OR = 4.8, P = 9.2 × 10−9, rs117204439: OR = 4.9, P = 6.0 × 10−9) and replication analysis (P
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- 2021
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17. A randomised feasibility trial of an employer-based intervention for enhancing successful return to work of cancer survivors (MiLES intervention)
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M. A. Greidanus, A. E. de Rijk, A. G. E. M. de Boer, M. E. M. M. Bos, P. W. Plaisier, R. M. Smeenk, M. H. W. Frings-Dresen, and S. J. Tamminga
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Feasibility studies ,Employment ,Neoplasms ,Employer ,Internet-based intervention ,Manager ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Employers express a need for support during sickness absence and return to work (RTW) of cancer survivors. Therefore, a web-based intervention (MiLES) targeted at employers with the objective of enhancing cancer survivors’ successful RTW has been developed. This study aimed to assess feasibility of a future definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) on the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention. Also preliminary results on the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention were obtained. Methods A randomised feasibility trial of 6 months was undertaken with cancer survivors aged 18–63 years, diagnosed with cancer
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- 2021
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18. Determinants for the implementation of person-centered tools for workers with chronic health conditions: a mixed-method study using the Tailored Implementation for Chronic Diseases checklist
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N. Zipfel, B. Horreh, C. T. J. Hulshof, A. Suman, A. G. E. M. de Boer, and S. J. van der Burg-Vermeulen
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Person-centered tools ,Occupational health ,Chronic health conditions ,Implementation research ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The aim was to identify the most important determinants of practice for the implementation of person-centered tools which enhance work participation for patients with chronic health conditions. Methods A mixed-method study was conducted consisting of semi-structured interviews, a focus group and a survey. Various stakeholders were involved including (representatives of) workers with chronic health conditions, insurance physicians, occupational physicians, other healthcare professionals, researchers, employers, and policymakers. The semi-structured interviews were performed to identify implementation determinants, followed by a focus group to validate resulting determinants. To conclude, a survey was conducted to select the most important implementation determinants through prioritization by ranking the order of importance. The Tailored Implementation of Chronic Diseases checklist (TICD) was used as concept-driven coding frame for the qualitative analysis of the interviews and focus group. The self-developed survey was based on the domains of the TICD. The survey was analyzed by frequency count of first ranking of determinants per and between domains of the TICD. Results Various stakeholders participated (N = 27) in the interviews and focus group. The qualitative data retrieved yielded a list of determinants with additional in-depth themes according to the TICD. For the selection of the most important determinants, a survey with 101 respondents was conducted, consisting of occupational physicians, insurance physicians and workers with a chronic health condition. From the seven domains of the TICD, respondents emphasized the importance of taking into account the needs and factors associated with workers with a chronic health condition as this determinant ranked highest. Taking into account the individual needs and wishes of workers was mentioned to enable successful implementation, whereas stress of the workers was indicated to impede implementation. Other important determinants included ‘being able to work with the tools’ in terms of time and usability or ‘cognitions, beliefs and attitudes of occupational and insurance physicians’ to be able to use the tools. Conclusion This study identified the most important determinants from the perspective of various stakeholders involved in the implementation of client-centered tools in occupational health for workers with chronic health conditions. Furthermore, by prioritizing the most important determinants, targeted implementation strategies can be developed.
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- 2021
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19. The relationship between the living lab approach and successful implementation of healthcare innovations: an integrative review
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Sylvia J van der Burg-Vermeulen, Nina Zipfel, Carel T J Hulshof, Angela G E M de Boer, and Bedra Horreh
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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20. DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data
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D. J. Lunt, F. Bragg, W.-L. Chan, D. K. Hutchinson, J.-B. Ladant, P. Morozova, I. Niezgodzki, S. Steinig, Z. Zhang, J. Zhu, A. Abe-Ouchi, E. Anagnostou, A. M. de Boer, H. K. Coxall, Y. Donnadieu, G. Foster, G. N. Inglis, G. Knorr, P. M. Langebroek, C. H. Lear, G. Lohmann, C. J. Poulsen, P. Sepulchre, J. E. Tierney, P. J. Valdes, E. M. Volodin, T. Dunkley Jones, C. J. Hollis, M. Huber, and B. L. Otto-Bliesner
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
We present results from an ensemble of eight climate models, each of which has carried out simulations of the early Eocene climate optimum (EECO, ∼ 50 million years ago). These simulations have been carried out in the framework of the Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP; http://www.deepmip.org, last access: 10 January 2021); thus, all models have been configured with the same paleogeographic and vegetation boundary conditions. The results indicate that these non-CO2 boundary conditions contribute between 3 and 5 ∘C to Eocene warmth. Compared with results from previous studies, the DeepMIP simulations generally show a reduced spread of the global mean surface temperature response across the ensemble for a given atmospheric CO2 concentration as well as an increased climate sensitivity on average. An energy balance analysis of the model ensemble indicates that global mean warming in the Eocene compared with the preindustrial period mostly arises from decreases in emissivity due to the elevated CO2 concentration (and associated water vapour and long-wave cloud feedbacks), whereas the reduction in the Eocene in terms of the meridional temperature gradient is primarily due to emissivity and albedo changes owing to the non-CO2 boundary conditions (i.e. the removal of the Antarctic ice sheet and changes in vegetation). Three of the models (the Community Earth System Model, CESM; the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL, model; and the Norwegian Earth System Model, NorESM) show results that are consistent with the proxies in terms of the global mean temperature, meridional SST gradient, and CO2, without prescribing changes to model parameters. In addition, many of the models agree well with the first-order spatial patterns in the SST proxies. However, at a more regional scale, the models lack skill. In particular, the modelled anomalies are substantially lower than those indicated by the proxies in the southwest Pacific; here, modelled continental surface air temperature anomalies are more consistent with surface air temperature proxies, implying a possible inconsistency between marine and terrestrial temperatures in either the proxies or models in this region. Our aim is that the documentation of the large-scale features and model–data comparison presented herein will pave the way to further studies that explore aspects of the model simulations in more detail, for example the ocean circulation, hydrological cycle, and modes of variability, and encourage sensitivity studies to aspects such as paleogeography, orbital configuration, and aerosols.
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- 2021
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21. The Eocene–Oligocene transition: a review of marine and terrestrial proxy data, models and model–data comparisons
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D. K. Hutchinson, H. K. Coxall, D. J. Lunt, M. Steinthorsdottir, A. M. de Boer, M. Baatsen, A. von der Heydt, M. Huber, A. T. Kennedy-Asser, L. Kunzmann, J.-B. Ladant, C. H. Lear, K. Moraweck, P. N. Pearson, E. Piga, M. J. Pound, U. Salzmann, H. D. Scher, W. P. Sijp, K. K. Śliwińska, P. A. Wilson, and Z. Zhang
- Subjects
Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) was a climate shift from a largely ice-free greenhouse world to an icehouse climate, involving the first major glaciation of Antarctica and global cooling occurring ∼34 million years ago (Ma) and lasting ∼790 kyr. The change is marked by a global shift in deep-sea δ18O representing a combination of deep-ocean cooling and growth in land ice volume. At the same time, multiple independent proxies for ocean temperature indicate sea surface cooling, and major changes in global fauna and flora record a shift toward more cold-climate-adapted species. The two principal suggested explanations of this transition are a decline in atmospheric CO2 and changes to ocean gateways, while orbital forcing likely influenced the precise timing of the glaciation. Here we review and synthesise proxy evidence of palaeogeography, temperature, ice sheets, ocean circulation and CO2 change from the marine and terrestrial realms. Furthermore, we quantitatively compare proxy records of change to an ensemble of climate model simulations of temperature change across the EOT. The simulations compare three forcing mechanisms across the EOT: CO2 decrease, palaeogeographic changes and ice sheet growth. Our model ensemble results demonstrate the need for a global cooling mechanism beyond the imposition of an ice sheet or palaeogeographic changes. We find that CO2 forcing involving a large decrease in CO2 of ca. 40 % (∼325 ppm drop) provides the best fit to the available proxy evidence, with ice sheet and palaeogeographic changes playing a secondary role. While this large decrease is consistent with some CO2 proxy records (the extreme endmember of decrease), the positive feedback mechanisms on ice growth are so strong that a modest CO2 decrease beyond a critical threshold for ice sheet initiation is well capable of triggering rapid ice sheet growth. Thus, the amplitude of CO2 decrease signalled by our data–model comparison should be considered an upper estimate and perhaps artificially large, not least because the current generation of climate models do not include dynamic ice sheets and in some cases may be under-sensitive to CO2 forcing. The model ensemble also cannot exclude the possibility that palaeogeographic changes could have triggered a reduction in CO2.
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- 2021
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22. Interventions on cognitions and perceptions that influence work participation of employees with chronic health problems: a scoping review
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Mariska De Wit, Bedra Horreh, Joost G. Daams, Carel T. J. Hulshof, Haije Wind, and Angela G. E. M. de Boer
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Occupational health professionals ,Person-related factors ,Cognitions ,Perceptions ,Return to work ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cognitions and perceptions, such as motivation and return to work (RTW) expectations, can influence work participation of employees with chronic health problems. This makes these cognitions and perceptions important factors for occupational health professionals to intervene upon in order to increase work participation. There is, however, no overview of interventions that influence these factors and are aimed at increasing work participation. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to explore available interventions that are focused on cognitions and perceptions of employees with chronic health problems and aimed at increasing work participation. Methods A scoping review was carried out following the framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched for original papers published between January 2013 and June 2020. We included studies that describe interventions that focus on at least one of ten cognitions and perceptions and on work participation. The risk of bias of the studies included was assessed using quality assessment tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results In total, 29 studies were identified that studied interventions aimed at changing at least one of ten cognitions and perceptions in order to change work participation. The interventions that were included mainly focused on changing recovery and RTW expectations, self-efficacy, feelings of control, perceived health, fear-avoidance beliefs, perceived work-relatedness of the health problem, coping strategies and catastrophizing. No interventions were found that focused on changing motivation or on optimism/pessimism. Four interventions were judged as effective in changing coping, self-efficacy, fear-avoidance beliefs, or perceived work-relatedness and work participation according to results of randomized controlled trials. Conclusions This review provides an overview of interventions that focus on changing cognitions and perceptions and work participation. Evidence was found for four effective interventions focused on changing these factors and increasing work participation. Occupational health professionals may use the overview of interventions to help employees with chronic health problems to increase their work participation.
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- 2020
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23. Global mean surface temperature and climate sensitivity of the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO), Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), and latest Paleocene
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G. N. Inglis, F. Bragg, N. J. Burls, M. J. Cramwinckel, D. Evans, G. L. Foster, M. Huber, D. J. Lunt, N. Siler, S. Steinig, J. E. Tierney, R. Wilkinson, E. Anagnostou, A. M. de Boer, T. Dunkley Jones, K. M. Edgar, C. J. Hollis, D. K. Hutchinson, and R. D. Pancost
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Accurate estimates of past global mean surface temperature (GMST) help to contextualise future climate change and are required to estimate the sensitivity of the climate system to CO2 forcing through Earth's history. Previous GMST estimates for the latest Paleocene and early Eocene (∼57 to 48 million years ago) span a wide range (∼9 to 23 ∘C higher than pre-industrial) and prevent an accurate assessment of climate sensitivity during this extreme greenhouse climate interval. Using the most recent data compilations, we employ a multi-method experimental framework to calculate GMST during the three DeepMIP target intervals: (1) the latest Paleocene (∼57 Ma), (2) the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 56 Ma), and (3) the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO; 53.3 to 49.1 Ma). Using six different methodologies, we find that the average GMST estimate (66 % confidence) during the latest Paleocene, PETM, and EECO was 26.3 ∘C (22.3 to 28.3 ∘C), 31.6 ∘C (27.2 to 34.5 ∘C), and 27.0 ∘C (23.2 to 29.7 ∘C), respectively. GMST estimates from the EECO are ∼10 to 16 ∘C warmer than pre-industrial, higher than the estimate given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report (9 to 14 ∘C higher than pre-industrial). Leveraging the large “signal” associated with these extreme warm climates, we combine estimates of GMST and CO2 from the latest Paleocene, PETM, and EECO to calculate gross estimates of the average climate sensitivity between the early Paleogene and today. We demonstrate that “bulk” equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS; 66 % confidence) during the latest Paleocene, PETM, and EECO is 4.5 ∘C (2.4 to 6.8 ∘C), 3.6 ∘C (2.3 to 4.7 ∘C), and 3.1 ∘C (1.8 to 4.4 ∘C) per doubling of CO2. These values are generally similar to those assessed by the IPCC (1.5 to 4.5 ∘C per doubling CO2) but appear incompatible with low ECS values ( per doubling CO2).
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- 2020
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24. Food security in rural Burkina Faso: the importance of consumption of own-farm sourced food versus purchased food
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Simon Fraval, Viviane Yameogo, Augustine Ayantunde, James Hammond, Imke J. M. de Boer, Simon J. Oosting, and Mark T. van Wijk
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Nutrition-sensitive interventions ,Market-orientated agriculture ,Resilient systems ,Agriculture ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Abstract Background The number of undernourished people and the risk of micro-nutrient deficiency remain high in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Decades of policy designed to reverse the trends of food insecurity have illustrated that the causal pathways of intervention to end-point outcomes, such as nutrition, are not necessarily straightforward. Utilising proxies for dimensions of food security, this study investigates the relative importance of different pathways to food security in two subtly contrasting communities in the Sahelian and Sudanian Savanna zones of Burkina Faso. Results In Yatenga province, approximately 31% of households were classified as ‘severely food insecure’ in the ‘lean’ period. In contrast, over 84% of households sampled in Seno province were classified as being ‘severely food insecure’ in the ‘lean’ period. There were statistically significant associations between food security indicators and off-farm income, farm income and production diversity. The source of income had significantly different associations with diet diversity in the two provinces. In Yatenga province, higher gross farm income in the absence of off-farm income was predicted to result in more diverse diets; in Seno province, however, gross farm income was only predicted to result in more diverse diets when households are also earning off-farm income. Conclusions Our analysis shows that households were most differentiated by income generating pathways to food security in the ‘lean’ period. This finding should not detract from the essential role played by home-produced foods in improving food security. Rather, market-orientated agriculture and production for home consumption, as shown by households in this study, can be combined as part of a more resilient livelihood strategy. Policy needs to be targeted towards agro-ecological conditions, as well as socioeconomic factors in order to facilitate improved on-farm income, farm resilience and off-farm employment opportunities.
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- 2020
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25. The MiLES intervention targeting employers to promote successful return to work of employees with cancer: design of a pilot randomised controlled trial
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Michiel A. Greidanus, Angela G. E. M. de Boer, Angelique E. de Rijk, Monique H. W. Frings-Dresen, and Sietske J. Tamminga
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Work ,Cancer ,Employee ,Employer ,Manager ,Cancer survivors ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Employers express a need for support to facilitate the return to work (RTW) process of employees with cancer. We have developed the MiLES intervention, an online toolbox targeting employers during the RTW of employees with cancer. To evaluate the MiLES intervention, we propose the design of a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). The aim of this pilot is to determine whether a future RCT to study the effectiveness of this intervention on successful RTW of employees with cancer is feasible. Secondary aims are to obtain preliminary results on the effectiveness of the intervention and to determine the sample size needed in a future definitive RCT. Methods A pilot RCT with a 6-month follow-up will be conducted. Using medical specialists at Dutch hospitals, we aim to enrol 90 participants diagnosed with cancer (
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- 2020
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26. Effects of a training program for occupational health professionals on the cognitions and perceptions of workers: a randomized controlled trial
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Mariska de Wit, Bedra Horreh, Carel T.J. Hulshof, Haije Wind, and Angela G.E. M. de Boer
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2022
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27. Investigating the potential added value of [ 18 F]FDG-PET/CT in long COVID patients with persistent symptoms
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Linda L. Chen, Alina van de Burgt, Frits Smit, Rowena S. Audhoe, Sandra M. de Boer, Floris H.P. van Velden, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, and Radiotherapy
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine - Abstract
Objective Since the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has infected millions of people, of whom a significant group suffers from sequelae from COVID-19, termed long COVID. As more and more patients emerge with long COVID who have symptoms of fatigue, myalgia and joint pain, we must examine potential biomarkers to find quantifiable parameters to define the underlying mechanisms and enable response monitoring. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential added value of [ 18F]FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) for this group of long COVID patients. Methods For this proof of concept study, we evaluated [ 18F]FDG-PET/CT scans of long COVID patients and controls. Two analyses were performed: semi-quantitative analysis using target-to-background ratios (TBRs) in 24 targets and total vascular score (TVS) assessed by two independent nuclear medicine physicians. Mann-Whitney U-test was performed to find significant differences between the two groups. Results Thirteen patients were included in the long COVID group and 25 patients were included in the control group. No significant differences (P 18F]FDG is of added value for long COVID patients with symptoms of myalgia or joint pain. Prospective cohort studies are necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms of long COVID.
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- 2023
28. Summer surface air temperature proxies point to near-sea-ice-free conditions in the Arctic at 127 ka
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Louise C. Sime, Rahul Sivankutty, Irene Vallet-Malmierca, Agatha M. de Boer, and Marie Sicard
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Global and Planetary Change ,Stratigraphy ,Paleontology - Abstract
The Last Interglacial (LIG) period, which had higher summer solar insolation than today, has been suggested as the last time that Arctic summers were ice free. However, the latest suite of Coupled Modelling Intercomparison Project 6 Paleoclimate (CMIP6-PMIP4) simulations of the LIG produce a wide range of Arctic summer minimum sea ice area (SIA) results, with a 30 % to 96 % reduction from the pre-industrial (PI) period. Sea ice proxies are also currently neither abundant nor consistent enough to determine the most realistic state. Here we estimate LIG minimum SIA indirectly through the use of 21 proxy records for LIG summer surface air temperature (SSAT) and 11 CMIP6-PMIP4 models for the LIG. We use two approaches. First, we use two tests to determine how skilful models are at simulating reconstructed ΔSSAT from proxy records (where Δ refers to LIG-PI). This identifies a positive correlation between model skill and the magnitude of ΔSIA: the most reliable models simulate a larger sea ice reduction. Averaging the two most skilful models yields an average SIA of 1.3×106 km2 for the LIG. This equates to a 4.5×106 km2 or 79 % SIA reduction from the PI to the LIG. Second, across the 11 models, the averaged ΔSSAT at the 21 proxy locations and the pan-Arctic average ΔSSAT are inversely correlated with ΔSIA (r=-0.86 and −0.79, respectively). In other words, the models show that a larger Arctic warming is associated with a greater sea ice reduction. Using the proxy-record-averaged ΔSSAT of 4.5±1.7 K and the relationship between ΔSSAT and ΔSIA suggests an estimated sea ice reduction of 4.2±1.4×106 km2 or about 74 % less sea ice than the PI period. The mean proxy-location ΔSSAT is well correlated with the Arctic-wide ΔSSAT north of 60∘ N (r=0.97), and this relationship is used to show that the mean proxy record ΔSSAT is equivalent to an Arctic-wide warming of 3.7±1.5 K at the LIG compared to the PI period. Applying this Arctic-wide ΔSSAT and its modelled relationship to ΔSIA, results in a similar estimate of LIG sea ice reduction of 4.1±1.2×106 km2. These LIG climatological minimum SIA of 1.3 to 1.5×106 km2 are close to the definition of a summer ice-free Arctic, which is a maximum sea ice extent of less than 1×106 km2. The results of this study thus suggest that the Arctic likely experienced a mixture of ice-free and near-ice-free summers during the LIG.
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- 2023
29. Physical Functioning After Admission to the PICU: A Scoping Review
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Daniël Bossen, PhD, Rosa M. de Boer, , Msc, Hendrika Knoester, MD, PhD, Jolanda M. Maaskant, PhD, Marike van der Schaaf, PhD, Mattijs W. Alsem, MD, PhD, Reinoud J. B. J. Gemke, MD, PhD, Job B. M. van Woensel, MD, PhD, Jaap Oosterlaan, PhD, and Raoul H. H. Engelbert, PhD
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Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Objectives:. To conduct a scoping review to 1) describe findings and determinants of physical functioning in children during and/or after PICU stay, 2) identify which domains of physical functioning are measured, 3) and synthesize the clinical and research knowledge gaps. Data Sources:. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane Library databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Study Selection:. Two investigators independently screened and included studies against predetermined criteria. Data Extraction:. One investigator extracted data with review by a second investigator. A narrative analyses approach was used. Data Synthesis:. A total of 2,610 articles were identified, leaving 68 studies for inclusion. Post-PICU/hospital discharge scores show that PICU survivors report difficulties in physical functioning during and years after PICU stay. Although sustained improvements in the long-term have been reported, most of the reported levels were lower compared with the reference and baseline values. Decreased physical functioning was associated with longer hospital stay and presence of comorbidities. A diversity of instruments was used in which mobility and self-care were mostly addressed. CONCLUSIONS:. The results show that children perceive moderate to severe difficulties in physical functioning during and years after PICU stay. Longitudinal assessments during and after PICU stay should be incorporated, especially for children with a higher risk for poor functional outcomes. There is need for consensus on the most suitable methods to assess physical functioning in children admitted to the PICU.
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- 2021
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30. Arctic closure as a trigger for Atlantic overturning at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition
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David K. Hutchinson, Helen K. Coxall, Matt OʹRegan, Johan Nilsson, Rodrigo Caballero, and Agatha M. de Boer
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Science - Abstract
Proxies of deep circulation suggest that the onset or strengthening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation occurred at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition. The authors show, using a paleoclimate model of the late Eocene, that a shift from Pacific to Atlantic overturning can be triggered at this time by closing the Arctic–Atlantic gateway.
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- 2019
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31. Cancer survivors and adverse work outcomes
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Angela G E M de Boer, Astrid de Wind, Pieter Coenen, Fenna van Ommen, Michiel A Greidanus, Amber D Zegers, Saskia F A Duijts, and Sietske J Tamminga
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adverse work outcomes ,cancer ,General Medicine ,intervention - Abstract
Introduction The number of cancer survivors in a working age is rising. An awareness of factors associated with adverse work outcomes, and of supportive interventions, is needed. Sources of data A narrative review of research obtained via several databases, including Medline and PsycINFO, was conducted. Areas of agreement A range of factors is associated with adverse work outcomes such as prolonged sick leave, delayed return to work, disability pension and unemployment in cancer survivors. They include the cancer type and treatment, fatigue, cognitive functioning, work factors and elements of health care systems. Effective supportive interventions encompass physical and multicomponent interventions. Areas of controversy The role of behaviour determinants and legislative and insurance systems is unclear. It is furthermore uncertain what the optimal timing of delivering supportive interventions is. Growing points Further focus on vulnerable groups, including specific cancer types and those with lower income, lower educational level and in precarious employment, is needed. Areas timely for developing research Recent developments are tailored and timely interventions.
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- 2023
32. Interpretable deep learning model to predict the molecular classification of endometrial cancer from haematoxylin and eosin-stained whole-slide images
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Sarah Fremond, Sonali Andani, Jurriaan Barkey Wolf, Jouke Dijkstra, Sinéad Melsbach, Jan J Jobsen, Mariel Brinkhuis, Suzan Roothaan, Ina Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Ludy C H W Lutgens, Remi A Nout, Elzbieta M van der Steen-Banasik, Stephanie M de Boer, Melanie E Powell, Naveena Singh, Linda R Mileshkin, Helen J Mackay, Alexandra Leary, Hans W Nijman, Vincent T H B M Smit, Carien L Creutzberg, Nanda Horeweg, Viktor H Koelzer, Tjalling Bosse, Radiotherapie, RS: GROW - R3 - Innovative Cancer Diagnostics & Therapy, Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), and Radiotherapy
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Health Information Management ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Decision Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Health Informatics - Abstract
Background: Endometrial cancer can be molecularly classified into POLEmut, mismatch repair deficient (MMRd), p53 abnormal (p53abn), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) subgroups. We aimed to develop an interpretable deep learning pipeline for whole-slide-image-based prediction of the four molecular classes in endometrial cancer (im4MEC), to identify morpho-molecular correlates, and to refine prognostication. Methods: This combined analysis included diagnostic haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides and molecular and clinicopathological data from 2028 patients with intermediate-to-high-risk endometrial cancer from the PORTEC-1 (n=466), PORTEC-2 (n=375), and PORTEC-3 (n=393) randomised trials and the TransPORTEC pilot study (n=110), the Medisch Spectrum Twente cohort (n=242), a case series of patients with POLEmut endometrial cancer in the Leiden Endometrial Cancer Repository (n=47), and The Cancer Genome Atlas-Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma cohort (n=395). PORTEC-3 was held out as an independent test set and a four-fold cross validation was performed. Performance was measured with the macro and class-wise area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Whole-slide images were segmented into tiles of 360 μm resized to 224 × 224 pixels. im4MEC was trained to learn tile-level morphological features with self-supervised learning and to molecularly classify whole-slide images with an attention mechanism. The top 20 tiles with the highest attention scores were reviewed to identify morpho-molecular correlates. Predictions of a nuclear classification deep learning model serve to derive interpretable morphological features. We analysed 5-year recurrence-free survival and explored prognostic refinement by molecular class using the Kaplan-Meier method. Findings: im4MEC attained macro-average AUROCs of 0·874 (95% CI 0·856–0·893) on four-fold cross-validation and 0·876 on the independent test set. The class-wise AUROCs were 0·849 for POLEmut (n=51), 0·844 for MMRd (n=134), 0·883 for NSMP (n=120), and 0·928 for p53abn (n=88). POLEmut and MMRd tiles had a high density of lymphocytes, p53abn tiles had strong nuclear atypia, and the morphology of POLEmut and MMRd endometrial cancer overlapped. im4MEC highlighted a low tumour-to-stroma ratio as a potentially novel characteristic feature of the NSMP class. 5-year recurrence-free survival was significantly different between im4MEC predicted molecular classes in PORTEC-3 (log-rank pmut had an excellent prognosis, as do those with true POLEmut endometrial cancer. Interpretation: We present the first interpretable deep learning model, im4MEC, for haematoxylin and eosin-based prediction of molecular endometrial cancer classification. im4MEC robustly identified morpho-molecular correlates and could enable further prognostic refinement of patients with endometrial cancer. Funding: The Hanarth Foundation, the Promedica Foundation, and the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology.
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- 2023
33. Putting the Pieces Back Together Again: Contest Webs for Large-Scale Problem Solving.
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Thomas W. Malone, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Robert Laubacher, Laur Hesse Fisher, Patrick M. De Boer, Yue Han, and W. Ben Towne
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- 2017
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34. Efficiently Identifying a Well-Performing Crowd Process for a Given Problem.
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Patrick M. De Boer and Abraham Bernstein
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- 2017
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35. Component-Based Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance to Reduce Unscheduled Maintenance Events.
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Wim J. C. Verhagen, Lennaert W. M. De Boer, and Richard Curran
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- 2017
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36. Expert Estimates for Feature Relevance are Imperfect.
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Patrick M. De Boer, Marcel C. Bühler, and Abraham Bernstein
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- 2017
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37. Protein Quality in Perspective: A Review of Protein Quality Metrics and Their Applications
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Shiksha Adhikari, Marijke Schop, Imke J. M. de Boer, and Thom Huppertz
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protein quality ,indispensable amino acids ,digestibility ,food processing ,complementarity ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
For design of healthy and sustainable diets and food systems, it is important to consider not only the quantity but also the quality of nutrients. This is particularly important for proteins, given the large variability in amino acid composition and digestibility between dietary proteins. This article reviews measurements and metrics in relation to protein quality, but also their application. Protein quality methods based on concentrations and digestibility of individual amino acids are preferred, because they do not only allow ranking of proteins, but also assessment of complementarity of protein sources, although this should be considered only at a meal level and not a diet level. Measurements based on ileal digestibility are preferred over those on faecal digestibility to overcome the risk of overestimation of protein quality. Integration of protein quality on a dietary level should also be done based on measurements on an individual amino acid basis. Effects of processing, which is applied to all foods, should be considered as it can also affect protein quality through effects on digestibility and amino acid modification. Overall, protein quality data are crucial for integration into healthy and sustainable diets, but care is needed in data selection, interpretation and integration.
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- 2022
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38. Predictive maintenance for aircraft components using proportional hazard models.
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Wim J. C. Verhagen and Lennaert W. M. De Boer
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- 2018
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39. Decreased emotion recognition and reduced focus on facial hallmarks in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia compared to primary psychiatric disorders and controls
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Jay L. P. Fieldhouse, Ellen H. Singleton, Marie‐Paule E. van Engelen, Jochum J. van't Hooft, Sterre C. M. de Boer, Violet E. Froeling, Michelle Braun, Mardien L. Oudega, Daniël van Grootheest, Cora Kerssens, Flora H. Duits, Argonde C. van Harten, Everard G. B. Vijverberg, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Neurology, APH - Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Laboratory Medicine, and Neurochemistry Laboratory
- Subjects
Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Background and purpose: Early diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is challenging due to symptomatic overlap with primary psychiatric disorders (PPD). As emotion recognition deficits are early and key features of bvFTD, the aim was to explore processes driving social cognition deficits that may aid in the differentiation between bvFTD and PPD. Methods: The total sample (N = 51) included 18 patients with bvFTD, 11 patients with PPD (mood, autism spectrum and psychotic disorders) and 22 controls from the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam of the Amsterdam UMC. Emotion recognition was assessed with the Ekman 60 Faces test, during which eye tracking metrics were collected in the first 5 s a face was presented. Group differences in dwell time on the total image as well as the circumscribed eyes area and mouth area were analysed using ANOVA, with post hoc comparisons. Results: Patients with bvFTD scored lowest, patients with PPD scored intermediate and controls scored highest on emotion recognition. During facial processing, patients with bvFTD spent less dwell time on the total image than controls (mean difference 11.3%, F(2, 48) = 6.095, p = 0.004; bvFTD−controls p = 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] −892.64, −239.70). Dwell time on the eyes area did not differ between diagnostic groups, whilst patients with bvFTD spent less dwell time on the mouth area than PPD patients (mean difference 10.7%; F(2, 48) = 3.423, p = 0.041; bvFTD−PPD p = 0.022, 95% CI −986.38, −79.47) and controls (mean difference 7.8%; bvFTD−controls p = 0.043, 95% CI −765.91, −12.76). Conclusions: In bvFTD, decreased emotion recognition may be related to reduced focus on facial hallmarks. These findings suggest a valuable role for biometrics in social cognition assessment and the differentiation between bvFTD and PPD.
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- 2023
40. Sea surface temperature evolution of the North Atlantic Ocean across the Eocene–Oligocene transition
- Author
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Kasia K. Śliwińska, Helen K. Coxall, David K. Hutchinson, Diederik Liebrand, Stefan Schouten, and Agatha M. de Boer
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Global and Planetary Change ,Stratigraphy ,Paleontology - Abstract
A major step in the long-term Cenozoic evolution toward a glacially driven climate occurred at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT), ∼34.44 to 33.65 million years ago (Ma). Evidence for high-latitude cooling and increased latitudinal temperature gradients across the EOT has been found in a range of marine and terrestrial environments. However, the timing and magnitude of temperature change in the North Atlantic remains highly unconstrained. Here, we use two independent organic geochemical palaeothermometers to reconstruct sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from the southern Labrador Sea (Ocean Drilling Program – ODP Site 647) across the EOT. The new SST records, now the most detailed for the North Atlantic through the 1 Myrleading up to the EOT onset, reveal a distinctive cooling step of ∼3 ∘C (from 27 to 24 ∘C), between 34.9 and 34.3 Ma, which is ∼500 kyr prior to Antarctic glaciation. This cooling step, when compared visually to other SST records, is asynchronous across Atlantic sites, signifying considerable spatiotemporal variability in regional SST evolution. However, overall, it fits within a phase of general SST cooling recorded across sites in the North Atlantic in the 5 Myr bracketing the EOT. Such cooling might be unexpected in light of proxy and modelling studies suggesting the start-up of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) before the EOT, which should warm the North Atlantic. Results of an EOT modelling study (GFDL CM2.1) help reconcile this, finding that a reduction in atmospheric CO2 from 800 to 400 ppm may be enough to counter the warming from an AMOC start-up, here simulated through Arctic–Atlantic gateway closure. While the model simulations applied here are not yet in full equilibrium, and the experiments are idealised, the results, together with the proxy data, highlight the heterogeneity of basin-scale surface ocean responses to the EOT thermohaline changes, with sharp temperature contrasts expected across the northern North Atlantic as positions of the subtropical and subpolar gyre systems shift. Suggested future work includes increasing spatial coverage and resolution of regional SST proxy records across the North Atlantic to identify likely thermohaline fingerprints of the EOT AMOC start-up, as well as critical analysis of the causes of inter-model responses to help better understand the driving mechanisms.
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- 2023
41. Feed‐food competition in global aquaculture: Current trends and prospects
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Anne‐Jo van Riel, Marit A. J. Nederlof, Killian Chary, Geert F. Wiegertjes, and Imke J. M. de Boer
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Dierlijke Productiesystemen ,Ecology ,Aquaculture and Fisheries ,Aquacultuur en Visserij ,WIAS ,Life Science ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Aquatic Science ,Animal Production Systems - Abstract
Feed-food competition is the allocation of resources that can be used to feed humans to animal feed instead, a current but unsustainable practise not well documented for aquaculture. Here, we analysed feed-food competition in aquaculture using two measures; natural trophic levels (TLs) and species-specific human-edible protein conversion ratios (HePCRs). The HePCR equals the ratio of human edible protein in feed (input) to the human edible protein in animal produce (output). To provide prospects on aquaculture's potential to convert human inedible by-products into edible biomass, data on aquaculture production were collected and categorized based on natural TLs. HePCRs were computed for four aquaculture species produced in intensive aquaculture systems: Atlantic salmon, common carp, Nile tilapia and whiteleg shrimp. Under current feed use, we estimated that the carp, tilapia and shrimp considered were net contributors of protein by requiring ~0.6 kg of human edible protein to produce 1 kg of protein in the fillet/meat. Considering soya bean meal and fishmeal as food-competing ingredients increased the HePCR to ~2 and turned all of the case-study species into net consumers of protein. To prevent this increase, the use of high-quality food-competing ingredients such as fishmeal, or soya bean products should be minimized in aquaculture feed. In the future, the role of aquaculture in circular food systems will most likely consist of a balanced mix of species at different TLs and from different aquaculture systems, depending on the by-products available.
- Published
- 2023
42. Effect of different cleaning procedures on water use and bacterial levels in weaner pig pens.
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Shilpi Misra, Corina E van Middelaar, Kieran Jordan, John Upton, Amy J Quinn, Imke J M de Boer, and Keelin O'Driscoll
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Pork is one of the most globally eaten meats and the pig production chain contributes significantly to the water footprint of livestock production. However, very little knowledge is available about the on-farm factors that influence freshwater use in the pig production chain. An experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of three different washing treatments on freshwater use, bacterial levels [(total bacterial counts; TBC), Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus] and cleaning time in washing of pens for weaning pigs. Three weaner rooms were selected with each room having 10 pens and a capacity to hold up to 14 pigs each. Pigs were weaned and kept in the pens for 7 weeks. Finally, the pens were cleaned before the next batch of pigs moved in. The washing treatments used were power washing and disinfection (WASH); presoaking followed by power washing and disinfection (SOAK), and presoaking followed by detergent, power washing and disinfection (SOAK + DETER). A water meter was used to collect water use data and swab samples were taken to determine the bacterial levels. The results showed that there was no overall effect of washing treatments on water use. However, there was an effect of treatment on the washing time (p
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Food Access Deficiencies in Sub-saharan Africa: Prevalence and Implications for Agricultural Interventions
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Simon Fraval, James Hammond, Jessica R. Bogard, Mary Ng'endo, Jacob van Etten, Mario Herrero, Simon J. Oosting, Imke J. M. de Boer, Mats Lannerstad, Nils Teufel, Christine Lamanna, Todd S. Rosenstock, Tim Pagella, Bernard Vanlauwe, Paul M. Dontsop-Nguezet, David Baines, Pietro Carpena, Paulin Njingulula, Christopher Okafor, Jannike Wichern, Augustine Ayantunde, Caroline Bosire, Sabrina Chesterman, Esther Kihoro, Elizaphan J. O. Rao, Tom Skirrow, Jonathan Steinke, Clare M. Stirling, Viviane Yameogo, and Mark T. van Wijk
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nutrition-sensitive ,crops ,livestock ,diet diversity ,farm systems ,rural development ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Our understanding of food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been hampered by limitations in the temporal and spatial representativeness of data. Food balance sheets provide scalable estimates of per capita food availability, but fail to represent food access, stability and their causal linkages. In contrast, rural household surveys represent detailed conditions for one or multiple points in time, but are influenced by survey timing and are often limited in geographical coverage. This study draws on a large sample of rural land-holding households in SSA (n = 6,353) to identify household level food access deficiencies and to understand the associations with rural livelihoods and food sourcing behavior throughout the year. Food access deficiencies were identified using food security of access and diet diversity indicators. Dietary diversity and channel of access (farm or purchased) were enumerated for the “flush” and “lean” periods and food security of access was enumerated for the lean period only - making the results of this study independent of survey timing. As many as 39% of households were classified as severely food insecure (in terms of food access) and as many as 49% of households were likely to be deficient in micronutrients in the lean period. Vulnerability to food insecurity and micronutrient deficiencies differed by household composition, agricultural livelihood characteristics and agro-ecological zone. Dairy, fruit and vitamin A-rich produce were predominantly accessed through the farm channel. Households with a livestock component to their farm had a lower prevalence of severe food insecurity and higher diet diversity scores. These findings have implications for the development of nutrition-sensitive and nutrition-specific interventions. Interventions need to be tailored to agro-ecological zone, household composition, scale of operation and production mix. Increasing income will not necessarily result in improved diet diversity or healthy dietary choices. Interventions focused on income generation should monitor and promote crop and livestock production diversity and provide nutrition education.
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- 2019
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44. Climate sensitivity and meridional overturning circulation in the late Eocene using GFDL CM2.1
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D. K. Hutchinson, A. M. de Boer, H. K. Coxall, R. Caballero, J. Nilsson, and M. Baatsen
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT), which took place approximately 34 Ma ago, is an interval of great interest in Earth's climate history, due to the inception of the Antarctic ice sheet and major global cooling. Climate simulations of the transition are needed to help interpret proxy data, test mechanistic hypotheses for the transition and determine the climate sensitivity at the time. However, model studies of the EOT thus far typically employ control states designed for a different time period, or ocean resolution on the order of 3°. Here we developed a new higher resolution palaeoclimate model configuration based on the GFDL CM2.1 climate model adapted to a late Eocene (38 Ma) palaeogeography reconstruction. The ocean and atmosphere horizontal resolutions are 1° × 1.5° and 3° × 3.75° respectively. This represents a significant step forward in resolving the ocean geography, gateways and circulation in a coupled climate model of this period. We run the model under three different levels of atmospheric CO2: 400, 800 and 1600 ppm. The model exhibits relatively high sensitivity to CO2 compared with other recent model studies, and thus can capture the expected Eocene high latitude warmth within observed estimates of atmospheric CO2. However, the model does not capture the low meridional temperature gradient seen in proxies. Equatorial sea surface temperatures are too high in the model (30–37 °C) compared with observations (max 32 °C), although observations are lacking in the warmest regions of the western Pacific. The model exhibits bipolar sinking in the North Pacific and Southern Ocean, which persists under all levels of CO2. North Atlantic surface salinities are too fresh to permit sinking (25–30 psu), due to surface transport from the very fresh Arctic ( ∼ 20 psu), where surface salinities approximately agree with Eocene proxy estimates. North Atlantic salinity increases by 1–2 psu when CO2 is halved, and similarly freshens when CO2 is doubled, due to changes in the hydrological cycle.
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- 2018
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45. The quality of working life questionnaire for cancer survivors (QWLQ-CS): factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility
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Merel de Jong, Sietske J. Tamminga, Robert J. J. van Es, Monique H. W. Frings-Dresen, and Angela G. E. M. de Boer
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Quality of working life ,Cancer survivors ,Questionnaire ,Return to work ,Work continuation ,Psychometric properties ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background To assess the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility of the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS). Methods An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on QWLQ-CS data from a sample of employed cancer survivors to establish the final number of items and factorial structure of the QWLQ-CS. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. In a second sample of (self-)employed cancer survivors, construct validity was tested by convergent validity (correlations of QWLQ-CS with construct-related questionnaires), and discriminative validity (difference in QWLQ-CS scores between cancer survivors and employed people without cancer). In a subgroup of stable cancer survivors subtracted from the second sample, reproducibility was evaluated by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Standard Error of Measurement (SEM). Results EFA on QWLQ-CS data of 302 cancer survivors resulted in 23 items and five factors. The internal consistency of the QWLQ-CS was Cronbach’s α = 0.91. Convergent validity on data of 130 cancer survivors resulted in r = 0.61–0.70. QWLQ-CS scores of these cancer survivors statistically differed (p = 0.04) from employed people without cancer (N = 45). Reproducibility of QWLQ-CS data from 87 cancer survivors demonstrated an ICC of 0.84 and a SEM of 9.59. Conclusions The five-factor QWLQ-CS with 23 items and adequate internal consistency, construct validity, and reproducibility at group level can be used in clinical and occupational healthcare, and research settings.
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- 2018
- Full Text
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46. Work status and work ability of patients receiving kidney replacement therapy
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Edwin J. Boezeman, Angela G. E. M. de Boer, Kitty J Jager, Rianne W de Jong, Vianda S. Stel, Frederike J. Bemelman, Nicholas C. Chesnaye, Ziad A. Massy, Public and occupational health, APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Quality of Care, Medical Informatics, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Methodology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Nephrology, APH - Global Health, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], R.d.J., K.J. and V.S. report grants from the European Union (PP-01-2016) and from the European Renal Association during the conduct of the study. The funders did not have any role in study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing the report and the decision to submit the report for publication. The content of this article represents the views of the authors only and is their sole responsibility, it doesnot reflect the views of the European Commission or any other body of the European Union. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains. This work was presented as an oral presentation at the 58th European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association Congress (online, 5–8 June 2021)., and HAL UVSQ, Équipe
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Work Capacity Evaluation ,kidney transplantation ,Dialysis patients ,Peritoneal dialysis ,Young Adult ,Work status ,Kidney Replacement Therapy ,Renal Dialysis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,ESRD ,Dialysis ,Kidney transplantation ,Aged ,Mental work ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,chronic haemodialysis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Renal Replacement Therapy ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,peritoneal dialysis ,Nephrology ,Quality of Life ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,dialysis ,Work ability ,business - Abstract
Background Employment is important for the quality of life and financial security of patients of working age receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We aimed to examine self-reported work status and general, physical and mental work ability and to determine associations between demographic, disease-related, work-related and macroeconomic factors and employment. Methods Europeans from 37 countries, ages 19–65 years, treated with dialysis or kidney transplantation, filled out the web-based or paper-based cross-sectional EDITH kidney patient survey between November 2017 and January 2019. We performed descriptive analyses and multivariable generalized logistic mixed models. Results Of the 3544 patients, 36.5% were employed and working [25.8% of dialysis patients, 53.9% of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs)]. The mean general work ability was 5.5 out of 10 (dialysis: 4.8, KTRs: 6.5). Non-working patients (all: 4.1, dialysis: 3.9, KTRs: 4.7) scored lower than working patients (all: 7.7, dialysis 7.3, KTRs: 8.0). Working dialysis patients scored lower on physical and mental work ability (7.1 and 8.1) than working KTRs (8.0 and 8.4; P Conclusions Low employment rates and impaired work ability were prevalent among European patients receiving KRT. Demographic, disease-related, work-related and macro-economic factors were associated with employment.
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- 2022
47. The Impact of Southern Ocean Topographic Barriers on the Ocean Circulation and the Overlying Atmosphere
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Agatha M. de Boer, David K. Hutchinson, Fabien Roquet, Louise C. Sime, Natalie J. Burls, and Céline Heuzé
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Atmospheric Science - Abstract
Southern Ocean bathymetry constrains the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), but the bathymetric influence on the coupled ocean–atmosphere system is poorly understood. Here, we investigate this impact by respectively flattening large topographic barriers around the Kerguelen Plateau, Campbell Plateau, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and Drake Passage in four simulations in a coupled climate model. The barriers impact both the wind and buoyancy forcing of the ACC transport, which increases by between 4% and 14% when barriers are removed individually and by 56% when all barriers are removed simultaneously. The removal of Kerguelen Plateau bathymetry increases convection south of the plateau and the removal of Drake Passage bathymetry reduces convection upstream in the Ross Sea. When the barriers are removed, zonal flattening of the currents leads to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that strongly correlate to precipitation anomalies, with correlation coefficients ranging between r = 0.92 and r = 0.97 in the four experiments. The SST anomalies correlate to the surface winds too in some locations. However, they also generate circumpolar waves of sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies, which induce remote wind speed changes that are unconnected to the underlying SST field. The meridional variability in the wind stress curl contours over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Kerguelen Plateau, and the Campbell Plateau disappears when these barriers are removed, confirming the impact of bathymetry on surface winds. However, bathymetry-induced wind changes are too small to affect the overall wave-3 asymmetry in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. Removal of Southern Hemisphere orography is also inconsequential to the wave-3 pattern. Significance Statement Several studies in the past have pointed to the controlling effect of bathymetry on currents in the Southern Ocean circulation, but a clear idea of the importance of the major topographic barriers in the Southern Ocean is lacking. By removing these barriers systematically in a coupled climate model, we can evaluate their impact on several important components of the climate system, such as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) pathways and strength, Antarctic Bottom Water formation, sea surface temperature, overlying winds, air–sea fluxes, and even precipitation. This helps in our understanding of what controls the pathways of the ACC and how much it matters for climate.
- Published
- 2022
48. Selective improvement of global datasets for the computation of locally relevant environmental indicators: A method based on global sensitivity analysis.
- Author
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Aimable Uwizeye, Pierre J. Gerber, Evelyne A. Groen, Mark A. Dolman, Rogier P. O. Schulte, and Imke J. M. De Boer
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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49. Summer surface air temperature proxies point to near sea-ice-free conditions in the Arctic at 127 ka
- Author
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Louise Claire Sime, Rahul Sivankutty, Irene Vallet-Malmierca, Agatha M. de Boer, and Marie Sicard
- Abstract
The Last Interglacial (LIG) period, which had higher summer solar insolation than today, has been suggested as the last time that Arctic summers were ice free. However, the latest suite of Coupled Modelling Intercomparison Project 6 Paleoclimate (CMIP6-PMIP4) simulations of the LIG produce a wide range of Arctic summer minimum sea ice area (SIA) results, with a 30 % to 96 % reduction from the pre-industrial (PI) period. Sea ice proxies are also currently neither abundant nor consistent enough to determine the most realistic state. Here we estimate LIG minimum SIA indirectly through the use of 21 proxy records for LIG summer surface air temperature (SSAT) and 11 CMIP6-PMIP4 models for the LIG. We use two approaches. First, we use two tests to determine how skilful models are at simulating reconstructed ΔSSAT from proxy records (where Δ refers to LIG-PI). This identifies a positive correlation between model skill and the magnitude of ΔSIA: the most reliable models simulate a larger sea ice reduction. Averaging the two most skilful models yields an average SIA of 1.3×106 km2 for the LIG. This equates to a 4.5×106 km2 or 79 % SIA reduction from the PI to the LIG. Second, across the 11 models, the averaged ΔSSAT at the 21 proxy locations and the pan-Arctic average ΔSSAT are inversely correlated with ΔSIA (r=-0.86 and −0.79, respectively). In other words, the models show that a larger Arctic warming is associated with a greater sea ice reduction. Using the proxy-record-averaged ΔSSAT of 4.5±1.7 K and the relationship between ΔSSAT and ΔSIA suggests an estimated sea ice reduction of 4.2±1.4×106 km2 or about 74 % less sea ice than the PI period. The mean proxy-location ΔSSAT is well correlated with the Arctic-wide ΔSSAT north of 60∘ N (r=0.97), and this relationship is used to show that the mean proxy record ΔSSAT is equivalent to an Arctic-wide warming of 3.7±1.5 K at the LIG compared to the PI period. Applying this Arctic-wide ΔSSAT and its modelled relationship to ΔSIA, results in a similar estimate of LIG sea ice reduction of 4.1±1.2×106 km2. These LIG climatological minimum SIA of 1.3 to 1.5×106 km2 are close to the definition of a summer ice-free Arctic, which is a maximum sea ice extent of less than 1×106 km2. The results of this study thus suggest that the Arctic likely experienced a mixture of ice-free and near-ice-free summers during the LIG.
- Published
- 2023
50. Recruiting Hay to Find Needles: Recursive Incentives and Innovation in Social Networks.
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Erik P. Duhaime, Brittany M. Bond, Qi Yang, Patrick M. De Boer, and Thomas W. Malone
- Published
- 2019
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