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Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films were produced by spray assisted chemical vapor deposition process (SACVD) technique using different volumes of aqueous ionic solution, followed by sulfurization in sulfur vapor...

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is an underdiagnosed myocardial disease which commonly presents with sudden cardiac death in young people. It is considered as a challenge for forensic pathologist due to its pathological changes. Here, we presented three cases of postmortem diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with involvement of other subtypes.Here, we report autopsy cases of sudden cardiac death as the first clinical manifestation observed in three patients with different ages and with no medical history, nor previous family history of sudden death or heart diseases. The postmortem investigations were performed and the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with three expression forms was later confirmed by histopathological examination, this latter showed fibroadipose tissue infiltrations of the myocardium. The diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy was discussed with review through the literature.We presented special characteristic and histopathology features of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy cases, discovered in our usual forensic practice. This may be helpful for forensic pathologists to make a reliable diagnosis even in the absence of clinical history.

Herein the growth mechanism of an un-doped zinc oxide (i-ZnO) and an Al-doped zinc oxide (AZO) was investigated using electrochemical techniques. Zinc and aluminum nitrates precursors were used in an aqueous bath solution, under a fixed potential of about –1.0 V, at 80°C. The variations of the morphological, structural, and optical properties of AZO were investigated in terms of Al3+ concentrations ranging from 0 to 4 atomic percentage in the starting solution. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed the hexagonal wurtzite structure for all samples. The effect of the lateral growth mechanism of AZO instead of the longitudinal growth process of ZnO was confirmed by calculating the texture coefficient and by studying the surface morphology under high magnification via scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the morphology evolved from hexagonal flat nanorods into a mixture of tapered hexagonal nanorods and nanosheets, to larger nanosheets by adding aluminum ions dopants. All films demonstrated a transmittance of about 80% in the visible range and exhibited a slight red shift in the absorption edge with Al3+ doping. The optical band gap of AZO nanosheets was found to be lower than that of i-ZnO nanorods. These findings provide fundamental understanding of the growth mechanism and shape control of a nanostructured zinc oxide.

[EN] In this study, we demonstrate that the crystallization process of CsPbI2Br films can be modulated when small amounts of additives are added to the precursor solution, leading to the formation of the bright brownish a-phase perovskite films with high orientation along the [100] crystallographic direction. Doped CsPbI2Br films exhibit improved crystallinity, with high coverage, large grain size and pinhole-free surface morphology, suitable for making high performance optoelectronic devices. We also explored the role of Cl in the photophysical properties of CsPbI2Br perovskite films using the temperature dependent photoluminescence technique. We found that the Cl ions enhance the photoluminescence emission by reducing the density of trap states, and also decrease the exciton binding energy from (22.3) meV to (11.2) meV. We believe this work contributes to understanding the effect of doping on the crystallization process with an in-depth insight into the photophysical properties of the cesium-based perovskite materials.

In north Africa, laryngeal carcinomas remain a predominately male pathology. While in many countries the gap between men and women is narrowing. This study aimed to examine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and follow up data of a case series of 23 female patients treated for laryngeal carcinoma.Medical records of a case series of 23 patients for primary carcinoma of the larynx at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery of the 20 August Hospital of Casablanca, between January 2012 and September 2016, were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic, radiological, surgical, and follow-up data were collected.7% of all the patients treated for LC were women, The most affected age group was between 60 and 79 years (52%), 52% had no major risk factor, all patients had an epidermoid carcinoma, 48% of patients had T2 tumors. T1, T3, and T4a were found in respectively 17%, 22%, and 13%. N1 in 43% of the cases (n = 10), N0 in 35% (n = 8), N2b in 17% (n = 4), N2c in 4% (n = 1). All patients were M0. All the patients in this series have undergone surgical treatment. At 5 years, the survival rate was 83%.Since the proportions of women in published studies are limited, there are still many controversies about gender differences in laryngeal cancer. Therefore, further studies should seek a clearer understanding of factors involved in female laryngeal cancer to adopt more appropriately the measures of prevention and early diagnosis.

GdFe0.5Cr0.5O3 compound was synthesized through solid-state reaction route, based on stoichiometric mixture of Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and Gd2O3. The X-ray diffraction data showed that GdFe0.5Cr0.5O3 crystallizes in an orthorhombic distorted perovskite structure. High-resolution electron microscopy showed a well-ordered material and confirms the orthorhombic perovskite symmetry. Magnetic susceptibility data reveal a Curie-Weiss behavior in the temperature range 250 − 340 K and the onset of antiferromagnetic interactions with a Neel temperature of 241 K.

In infectiology, some essential oils (EOs) are able to competewith antibiotic therapy and even surpass it; it is in this context that a study of the chemical composition and the antibacterial power of the EOs of three aromatic and widely used medicinal plants in traditional medicine was conducted which are Satureja calamintha subsp. nepeta (L.) Briq, Lavandula multifida L., and Mentha pulegium L. The extracted EO yields were of the order of 2.6%, 0.12%, and 5.29% for Satureja calamintha, Lavandula multifida, and Mentha pulegium, respectively. The obtained EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results of these analyses showed that Lavandula multifida contains carvacrol as a majority compound (70.65%); by contrast, the pulegone is the majority compound of Satureja calamintha and Mentha pulegium that contain about 87.04% and 71.97%, respectively. The EOs with the pulegone as predominant compound (Mentha pulegium and Satureja calamintha) showed higher antibacterial activity when tested against some multiresistant strains, compared to those with the carvacrol as major compound. In conclusion, this study may open up prospects for the formulation of phytomedicines against resistant and nonresistant bacteria incriminated in nosocomial infections.

The objective of the current paper is to evaluate the performances drop of a photovoltaic system composed of a new PV module conception without EVA encapsulation. After three years of operation under harsh atmospheric condition at Green Energy Park research facility, in the mid-south of Morocco, the system shows an energy drop around 1.8kWhe in one of its strings. For this reason, an inspection (in-situ and at the lab level) to evaluate and detect the source of this energy drop has been done using the IV-Curve, IR thermal and Electroluminescence. Results show that the Performance Ratio (PR) of the affected string reaches 13%. Besides, two modules from this last one showed a degradation rate (Rd) greater than 4.12 %. It has been found that the main cause of this energy drop is due to the presence of breakages and crack at the modules cells. Those deceases are caused by a bad manual cleaning, as well as, for the nature of the modules, without EVA protection against the mechanical shocks., Electrical engineering, Energy, Photovoltaic, Degradation, Electrical performances, Electroluminescence, IR thermal imaging.

Due to the high solar irradiation records, desert regions are the most suitable for hosting photovoltaic power plants [1]. Nevertheless, these regions are characterized by the presence of dust and aerosols that can be deposited on the surface of the panels causing a considerable drop on the plants efficiency, thus, the power production. The objective of this study is to measure and understand the soiling’s effect on the performances of a 16.56 kWc monocrystalline grid connected PV system, after six months of exposition without cleaning at Green Energy Park research facility [2]. This facility is located in the mid-south of Morocco and characterized by a semi-arid climate. Besides, chemical analysis of the dust composition has been conducted to have an idea on the aerosols origin emission source. Results shown, that the cumulative power drop of the soiled string after six months was around 124 kWh. The daily power drop, in average, is of 2.7kWh/day during the dry period and of 0.07kWh/day during the rainy period. This is linked to a daily soiling rate of 0.32%/day and 0.02%/day during the dry and the rainy periods respectively. Regarding the dust chemical-analysis, the XRD results highlight the presence of silicon, alumina, calcium, iron, which are may be coming from a construction site close by. Besides, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus that may be coming from a phosphate mine in the area of our field of study.

Based on the density functional theory and Boltzmann transport theory, we investigated electronic, electrical and optical properties of Kesterite CZTS under different strain conditions. Our results indicate that both biaxial compressive and tensile strain effects lead to change in the band gap of this structure with different strain values. Furthermore, the edge of absorption, under the influence of an increasing compression, moves towards the short wavelengths. Electrical conductivity for pure CZTS and under dilatation and compression shows that with the increase of dilatation the conductivity of the material also increases, this physical property could be exploited to improve the performance of CZTS a suitable absorbent material in solar cells., Condensed matter physics; Materials Science; Physical chemistry; Thermodynamics; CZTS; Photovoltaic conversion; Compression; Dilatation; Electrical conductivity; Density of states.

We report the third-order nonlinear optical properties of electron beam treated Indium doped ZnO (Zn1-xInxO (x ¼ 0.03) thin films at different dose rate. Zn1-xInxO (x ¼ 0.03) thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis deposition technique were irradiated using 8 MeV electron beam at dose rates ranging from 1 kGy to 4 kGy. X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained to examine the structural changes, The transformation from sphalerite to wurtzite structure of ZnO was observed which indicates occurrence of structural changes due to irradiation. Morphology of irradiated thin films examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique indicates the surface roughness varying with irradiation dose rate. The switching over from Saturable Absorption (SA) to Reverse Saturable Absorption (RSA) behaviour was noted when the irradiation dose rate was increased from 1 kGy to 4 kGy. The significant changes observed in the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) of the Zn1-xInxO (x ¼ 0.03) thin films is attributed mainly due to electron beam irradiation. The study indicates that nonlinear optical parameterscan be controlled by electron beam irradiation by choosing appropriate dose rate which is very much essential for device applications. Hence Zn1-xInxO (x ¼ 0.03) materialize as a promising material for use in nonlinear optical device applications.

La tumeur fibreuse solitaire est rare, souvent benigne, d’origine mesenchymateuse, notamment aux depens des fibroblastes. Sa localisation habituelle est la plevre, mais elle peut egalement survenir en extrapleural. De rares cas ont ete decrits en ce qui concerne le mesocolon. La difficulte diagnostique reside dans la panoplie de diagnostics differentiels avec les autres tumeurs mesenchymateuses. Nous rapportons ici le cas d’un patient de 82 ans qui avait consulte pour une masse abdominale, et chez qui le diagnostic de tumeur fibreuse solitaire du mesocolon etait retenu apres exerese complete et examen anatomopathologique de la tumeur.

We report the effect of potassium cyanide etching treatment on structural, optical and electrical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films prepared by a spray-assisted chemical vapor deposition process. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements before and after potassium cyanide etching have confirmed the kesterite structure of Cu2ZnSnS4 films. Potassium cyanide treatment led to the elimination of [Formula: see text]S secondary phase. Optical measurements showed that the band gap value was about 1.52[Formula: see text]eV. The best electrical resistivity and Hall mobility values were reached for a deposition temperature of 450∘C in both cases without and with potassium cyanide treatment.

Photovoltaic technology is still developing in the MENA region. Nevertheless, soiling remains a major cause for performance loss in PV Modules. In this work, the soiling rate is modeled as a function of environmental data with several modeling methods such as the multiple linear regression model (MLR), multiple linear regression with interaction model (MLRWI), the mathematical model generated by the response surface methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), by using one-year of ground measurements from an amorphous array with a capacity of 2.16 kWc. The experiment is carried under a semi-arid climate at Green Energy Park research facility (Benguerir, Morocco). The dust analysis was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in two periods (December 2017 and June 2018) in order to define the mineralogy and morphology of our dust samples. The results of this study show that, the daily energy drop reaches 0.43 kWh/day and 0.61 kW/h/day in the dry period and 0.03 kW/h/day in the rainy period, where the expected produced energy is 5.59 KWh/day. The daily performance ratio drop reaches an average of 6.1%/day and 1.6%/day in the dry and rainy period respectively. During the dry period the soiling ratio reaches an average of 0.35%/day. The MLR method marked the lowest correlation with r2 = 0.23, this correlation improved to reach r2 = 0.48 by using the MLRWI method. ANN model shows the best performance and accuracy with r2 = 0.813 and around 0.026 in the RMSE indicator.

It has been demonstrated that ions used in the contact layers in a perovskite based solar device can migrate through the perovskite absorber and have a significant impact on the device performance. In this work, we investigate the direct effect of Li on the structural and optical properties of formamidinium lead triiodide perovskites thin films (FAPbI3). The ratio between the desirable α-phase black perovskite and the undesirable δ yellow phase is studied as a function of Li content in the film. Our results show that the presence of a small amount of Li ions can have a huge impact on the structural, optical and photophysical properties of the FAPbI3 layer by enhancing the formation of δ-FAPbI3 instead of the black α-FAPbI3 phase. The structural analyses show that the FAPbI3 doped by Li atoms leads to the distortion of the mean α-FAPbI3 perovskite structure due the appearance of non-perovskite structure based δ-FAPbI3. The optical measurements indicate a clear decrease of the absorbance with increasing the Li content. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the Li doped FAPbI3 decreases considerably indicating a significant quenching and enhanced carrier extraction after Li doping. Li ions have also been shown to reduce non-radiative recombination due to free electrons produced by n-type doping. This work provides insights into the effect of the Li ions on the photophysical properties of the FAPbI3 absorber layer and the recombination mechanism, and helps to unravel new ways for development of optoelectronic devices, more particularly thin film perovskite solar cells with high-stability and high-performance.

Zn 1 - x Fe x O (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. We describe the effect of Fe doping on structural, surface morphology, optical and electrical properties of the sprayed films. XRD analysis indicates that the films are polycrystalline and textured with $c$ axis of the wurtzite structure along the growth direction. UV -Visible transmittance measurements show that the films are highly transparent in the visible region. The lowest electrical resistivity of 3.54 × 10–3 Ω.cm was obtained for Zn 0.97 Fe 0.03 O sample.

Introduction La botryomycose est une pathologie infectieuse bacterienne granulomateuse chronique suppuree. Elle est rare et peut se localiser au niveau de la peau et des visceres. Sa survenue est favorisee par des facteurs predisposants, le plus souvent un traumatisme. Nous decrivons le cas d’une patiente mordue par un âne a l’âge de 7 ans au niveau de la jambe et ayant presente 10 ans apres, une botryomycose cutanee du meme membre. Observation Patiente âgee de 28 ans, sans antecedents pathologiques particuliers, mordue par un âne a l’âge de 7 ans au niveau de la face anterieure de la jambe droite. Elle a presente pendant 10 ans, un placard nodulaire, progressivement fistulisant, au niveau de la meme jambe. A l’admission, la patiente etait en bon etat general, apyretique, avec un membre inferieur droit tumefie, fait d’un placard nodulaire polyfistulise, allant du 1/3 inferieur de la jambe jusqu’au 1/3 inferieur de la cuisse droite. On note la presence de lesions bourgeonnantes au niveau de ces fistules, et issu de pus par endroit. Aussi, une cicatrice deprimee au niveau de la face anterieure de la jambe (sequelle de la morsure) et une impotence fonctionnelle du membre. Les serologies VIH, et hepatiques C et B etaient negatives. Les prelevements mycologiques etaient steriles. L’analyse bacteriologique des biopsies cutanees ont mis en evidence le Staphylococcus aureus a deux reprises. L’examen histologique a montre une infection granulomateuse abcedee a grains, evoquant plus des grains bacteriens, en faveur d’un botryomycose. La patiente a ete traitee par une bi-antibiotherapie adaptee a l’antibiogramme du S. aureus, notamment par la ciprofloxacine et le sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprime. On a egalement rajoute des applications hebdomadaires d’acide trichloro-acetique dilue a 50 % au niveau des lesions bourgeonnantes des fistules. Discussion/conclusion La botryomocose cutanee est une entite rare et peu connue. La morsure d’âne, n’a pas encore ete decrite comme etant responsable d’une botryomycose. Les traumatismes comme les morsures de serpent, une perfusion en intraveineuse au long cours, une blessure par une fourchette de foin ont ete retrouves. Les diagnostics differentiels doivent etre elimines, surtout les mycetomes fongiques. Le S. aureus est le plus incrimine, mais on y retrouve souvent plusieurs germes en meme temps (aerobies/anaerobies). Ce qui fait la difficulte de sterilisation des lesions. L’œil de l’anatomopathologiste doit l’evoquer devant un infiltrat inflammatoire fait de granulome a centre basophile d’amas de grains et a peripherie eosinophilique (appele : phenomene de Splendore–Hoeppli, non pathognomonique), aspect correle au contexte clinique.

By spray assisted chemical vapor deposition process, we have elaborated Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 thin films at various deposition temperatures without any sulfurization treatment. The (112) preferential orientation was showed by X-ray diffraction. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the CZTS kesterite structure. Band gap values ranging from 1.35 eV to 1.5 eV were obtained by optical measurements.

Undoped ZnO, Gd doped ZnO (GZO) thin films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis method at 350°C on glass substrates. The effect of gadolinium doping on structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties as function of dopant concentration has been studied. X-ray analysis showed that the films are polycrystalline fitting well with hexagonal wurtzite structure and have preferred orientation in [002] direction. The AFM analysis showed that the grain size as well as the roughness of the Gd doped ZnO films constantly decreases with increasing dopant content. The deposited films showed an average optical transmittance around 85% in the visible region and the optical band gap of the ZnO:Gd films decreases from 3.27 eV to 3.18 eV as dopant content increases. Hall Effect measurements showed that electrical conductivity, mobility carriers and carrier concentration of the films are increased after 1.5 % Gd doping concentration.

Iron oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique onto glass substrates from iron chloride solution. They were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The films deposited at T s ≤ 450 °C were amorphous; while those produced at T sub = 500 °C were polycrystalline α-Fe 2 O 3 with a preferential orientation along the (1 0 4) direction. By observing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was seen that iron oxide films were relatively homogeneous uniform and had a good adherence to the glass substrates. The grain size was found (by RX) between 19 and 25 nm. The composition of these films was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). These films exhibited also a transmittance value about 80% in the visible and infrared range. The cyclic voltammetry study showed that the films of Fe 2 O 3 deposited on ITO pre-coated glass substrates were capable of charge insertion/extraction when immersed in an electrolyte of propylene carbonate (PC) with 0.5 M LiCLO 4 .

NiO thin films have been deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis from nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2·6H2O) solution in water. The substrate temperature during deposition is around 350 °C. The solution flow rate was 10 ml/min. The nickel chloride concentration in the solvent has been used as parameter. It varies from 0.05 to 0.5 M. It is shown that the NiO film properties depend strongly on the nickel chloride concentration. Below 0.3 M, the final thickness of a film deposited using 50 ml of solution is around 0.5 μm. From 0.3 to 0.5 M the thickness is around 3 μm. There is a threshold value for the different film properties when the precursor concentration varies between C = 0.2 and 0.3 M . The oxygen concentration present in the films decreases from 1, in the case of small molar concentration, to 0.86 for 0.3 M and more. In the X-ray diffraction diagram, the more intense contribution is systematically the (1 1 1) peak, while the (2 0 0) diffraction peak is small. This last peak increases slowly up to 0.3 M with the NiCl2 concentration, and then it stabilizes. Also, the conductivity decreases when the molar concentration of NiCl2 increases, to stabilize at around 0.3 M. Moreover, while, as expected, the films are p-type when the molar concentration is smaller than 0.3 M, they becomes n-type for higher concentrations. The increase in the deposition rate induces a significant increase in the grow rate of the NiO thin film, which can explain the decrease in grain orientation and oxygen concentration. The threshold value experimentally measured should be related to the reaction kinetics between Ni and O during spray pyrolysis. NiO is shown as a p-type extrinsic semiconductor in which Ni vacancies lead to p-type conductivity. Moreover, the presence of Ni3+ in the films, as shown by XPS and the brown color of the films, enhances the p-type character of the films. When the O/Ni at% ratio decreases as the precursor concentration increases, the Ni vacancies and, probably, the Ni2O3 concentrations will decrease. Therefore, the hole density should decrease, as also the conductivity and, finally, films becomes n-type. Also, the electrical behavior of the films could be influenced by the chlorine present in the film. There is around 1 at% of chlorine in the films deposited from solutions with small NiCl2 concentration, while there is 2 at% for solutions with high concentration. This element can act as anionic doping in the oxide lattice and substitutes the anion of the oxide, providing an electron in the conduction band which results in n-doping of the lattice.

ZnO thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition (CBD) have been studied using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and electrical measurements. The optimum CBD conditions for achieving structured, but adherent, ZnO films are as follows. Zinc acetate (0.0188 mol l−1) and ethylenediamine (0.03 mol l−1) are mixed. The pH of the bath is raised by addition of a base (0.5 mol l−1, NaOH). The solution is maintained at a temperature between 60 °C and 65 ° C, while the bath is continuously stirred. We proceeded to anneal in room air for 30 min at 300 °C and under vacuum for 2 h at 300 °C. All the films obtained are nearly stoichiometric ZnO films crystallized in the usual hexagonal structure. As expected the films are rough and porous. The main difference between the two ZnO film families is their conductivity. The conductivity of the films annealed under vacuum is five orders of magnitude higher than that of those annealed in room air.

Nickel oxide (NiO) thin films were obtained by two methods: chemical bath deposition (CBD) and spray pyrolysis. During the CBD deposition process, the bath was heated at 100 °C. The CBD as-deposited films corresponded to 3Ni(OH) 2 ·2H 2 O. After an annealing time of 96 h at 350 °C, they became NiO. For the spray deposition, the nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O) was chosen as precursor, the glass substrates were heated at 350 °C. All the films were p-type semiconductors with a band gap of 3.5 eV. The X-ray diffraction diagrams revealed that all the films are crystallized in the cubic NiO phase with the expected value for the lattice parameters. Nevertheless, the orientation and the size of the grains depend on the deposition method. The films are oriented along the (1 1 1) plane in the case of spray, while they are oriented in the (1 1 1) and (2 0 0) planes in the case of CBD. The electron probe microanalysis and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to measure the composition of the films. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the presence of hydroxyl groups at the surface of the films, while the electron probe microanalysis shows that the films are stoichiometric in the bulk. The scanning electron microscope microphotographs show that all the films exhibit a rough surface with a presence of microstructural features in the case of CBD films. These properties are desired for an eventual application in microcrystalline solar cells.

Polycrystalline WO 3 thin films were produced by spray pyrolysis on corning glass or ITO coated glass substrates. The optical, electrical and structural properties of these films were studied as a function of preparation conditions in their colored state. The transmittance value decreased from 80% to 5% when the films were colored. This was accompanied by an increase of the reflectivity in the NIR region. In addition, the electrical conductivity varied with heat treatment temperature. The change in electrical conductivity indicates that WO 3 films exhibit a semiconducting behavior in their colored state. Furthermore, a change in the structure of the films from monoclinic to cubic was observed upon coloration. The electrochemical behavior was investigated in 1 M H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O solution using a three-electrode cell.

Introduction Le lymphome cutane T, de type « panniculite » est observe a tout âge, sous formes de nodules ou plaques. Son diagnostic est histologique et immunohistochimique. Nous rapportons une observation atypique d’un lymphome cutane T type panniculite, d’evolution chronique chez un patient en bon etat general evoluant depuis 11 ans. Observation Il s’agit d’un patient âge de 26 ans, suivi pour une leucemie aigue lymphoblastique (LAL) en 2004, ayant recu une chimiotherapie, en remission. Depuis 2006, il developpait des lesions a type de plaques et nodules sous-cutanes au niveau des membres superieurs, de l’abdomen et des membres inferieurs, indolores, parfois prurigineuses, evoluant par poussee-remission, avec une conservation de l’etat general sans fievre, sans autre signe extracutane associe. Les histologies cutanees analysees depuis sa consultation en 2012, montraient a chaque fois, un infiltrat lymphocytaire du derme profond, avec etude immunohistochimique reactionnelle. En 2017, une nouvelle histologie cutanee, revelait un lymphome cutane T, type panniculite, qui, en immunomarquage etait : CD4−, CD8+, antigranzyme B + et CD56+. Les analyses biologiques ne montraient pas de trouble dysimmunitaire, ni de syndrome d’activation macrophagique. Le patient etait traite par methotrexate a raison de 25 mg/semaine, avec une bonne evolution sans recidive depuis 6 mois. Discussion Le lymphome cutane T, type panniculite (subcutaneous panniculitis like T cell lymphoma ou SPTCL) est une entite nettement distincte. Elle est rare, avec une frequence de pres de 1 % par rapport a tous les lymphomes cutanes T. Elle peut etre de type α-β ou γ-δ. Les particularites de cette observation sont essentiellement, d’abord, l’antecedent de LAL traitee chez notre patient avec remission : le traitement aurait-il eu une implication dans l’etiopathologie du lymphome ? Malgre le marquage CD56+, le patient etait classe dans le type α-β, du fait de son caractere indolent, de l’evolution sur plusieurs annees avec une conservation de l’etat general, sans syndrome d’activation macrophagique. Bien que cette entite soit frequemment associee a une atteinte dysimmunitaire, le bilan etait negatif chez notre patient. Le patient a recu du methotrexate comme traitement avec une bonne evolution. Le type γ-δ est de plus mauvais pronostic et ne repond que partiellement a une chimiotherapie. Ce n’est pas le cas chez notre patient.

Tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis. The optical and electrical properties of intensively colored films were studied. It was found that the near-infrared reflectivity increases in the colored state. This behavior is typical of degenerate semiconducting materials. However, the variations of the electrical conductivity with the temperature for these films, indicates semiconducting behavior, while the carrier concentration (n), measured by the Hall effect, is typical of degenerate material. The optical properties can be easily explained by the Drude theory, which is related to the bulk properties of the samples. It is shown that the value of n is also related to the bulk properties of the films, while the conductivity is controlled by the grain boundary effect. The results are interpreted in terms of a modified version of Seto's model, taking into account thermionic emission and tunneling of carriers through the potential barriers at the grain boundaries.

Cerium dioxide (CeO2) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis using hydrated cerium chloride (CeCl3·7H2O) as source compound. The films prepared at substrate temperatures below 300°C were amorphous, while those prepared at optimal conditions (Ts=500°C,s=5ml/min) were polycrystalline, cubic in structure, preferentially oriented along the (2 0 0) direction and exhibited a transmittance value greater than 80% in the visible range. The cyclic voltammetry study showed that films of CeO2 deposited on ITO pre-coated glass substrates were capable of charge insertion/extraction when immersed in an electrolyte of propylene carbonate with 1 M LiClO4.These films also remained fully transparent after Li+ intercalation/deintercalation.

Tin-doped In 2 O 3 (ITO) thin films were prepared by reactive evaporation from new pulverulent mixture of indium oxide, tin oxide and metallic indium at different partial pressures of oxygen. The films were annealed in a secondary vacuum just after deposition. Under optimal conditions of evaporation, these films are stoichiometric, show a good crystallinity and feature high transmission in visible region ( T >90%) and high reflection in near IR region versus oxygen pressure.

It was demonstrated that spray pyrolysis can be used to prepare Ce 1− x Zr x O 2 thin films with x between 0 and 1. The composition of these films was determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and the crystalline structure by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed in an electrolyte of propylene carbonate with 1 M LiClO 4 . Films with high Zr content were incapable of charge exchange of Li + ions. In the contrast, films with high Ce content were found to be able to insert/extract large charge densities of Li + ions. They also remained transparent during Li + intercalation.

Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis. The obtained films were amorphous and dark-brown. The films were subsequently annealed at 500°C in an air atmosphere for different annealing times. The IR measurements revealed the presence of water in our films and enabled us to follow its evolution as a function of the annealing conditions. The composition of the films was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. W 4f and O 1s core level peaks were decomposed and all the hidden peaks were identified. The XRD study showed that the crystallinity increased with the annealing time. The optical study indicated that the annealed films were transparent. The optical gap and the refractive index were found to be in agreement with data in the literature. Nevertheless, spectral measurements of the diffuse transmittance showed that this component was significant and varied with the annealing time.

Thin films of zinc sulfide (ZnS) are prepared by spray pyrolysis using mixed aqueous solutions of ZnCl2 and thiourea. The structure, surface morphology, chemical composition and optical properties of these films are investigated as a function of substrate temperatures Ts, deposition times td and solution spray rate s. These parameters are optimized in order to obtain films with a good crystalline quality and high transmittance. It is found that the films prepared at substrate temperature of 500°C, deposition time of 35 min (about 1 μm thick) and solution spray rate of 5 ml min−1 have good adherence to the glass substrates and exhibit a mixture of hexagonal (α) and cubic (β) phases, with a preferential orientation along the (1 1 1 )β direction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) show that the optimized films contained very little oxygen and is nearly stoichiometric. These films also show an optical transmittance more than 70% in the visible range.

Thin films of cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) were prepared on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis process using an aqueous solution of CeCl 3 ,7H 2 O or Ce(NO 3 ) 3 . The structure, surface morphology chemical composition and optical properties of these films were investigated. X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy showed that the obtained films were polycrystalline with a cubic fluorite structure and were strongly oriented along the (100) direction. The surface morphology of the films was found to depend strongly on the initial solutions. Thus, two types of surface texture with large difference in the grain size and porosity were obtained by using chloride or nitrate solution. On the other hand, all these films showed high transparency, more than 80% in the visible and near-infrared region. The composition of these films was also examined by both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis.

The neoproterozoic plutonism of Askaoun (Siroua, Central Anti-Atlas, Morocco) : characterisation by zircon typology and geochemistry of calc-alkaline intrusions. The upper proterozoic plutonic complex is composed by three successive magmatic events scaled in time and responsible for the installation of a gabbroic plu-tons association which is made up with gabbro, quartz diorite and monzodiorite as well as a batholit of great extension composed by granodiorite and monzodiorite and a late monzodioritic faciès which has involved a contact metamorphism that has affected the volcano-detritic serie in its oriental part. Both pétrographie and minéralogie characters suggest a calc-alkaline nature of an hybrid derivated melt from a water supersatured magma whose temperature was between 800° and 900° C. Their orogenic and high potassic calc-alkaline nature is enhanced by geochemical features that suggest more over a geo tectonic context of subduction turning to post collision during the Panafrican I event on the Anti-Atlas belt., Le complexe plutonique d'âge protérozoïque supérieur est composé de trois manifestations magmatiques successives échelonnées dans le temps : 1 -un pluton gabbroïque associé à des diorites quartziques et à des monzodiorites ; 2 -un batholite composé de granodiorite et monzodiorite congénères très riches en enclaves ; 3 -un faciès monzodioritique tardif responsable d'un métamorphisme de contact qui affecte la série volcanodétritique. Les caractéristiques pétrographiques et minéralogiques les rapprochent des granitoïdes calco-alcalins d'origine hybride issus d'un magma sursaturé en eau et dont la température est comprise entre 800 et 900°C. Les signatures géochimiques des plutonites d'Askaoun confirment leur caractère orogénique calco-alcalin richement potassique (High K) mis en place dans des contextes géotectoniques de subduction et de post-collision. Ce magmatisme est lié à la subduction puis à la collision du Panafricain I dans l'Anti-Atlas., Regragui M., Chabane Abdelkader, El Boukhari A. Le plutonisme du Néoprotérozoïque d'Askaoun (Siroua, Anti-Atlas central, Maroc) : caractérisation par la typologie du zircon et la géochimie d'intrusions calco-alcalines. In: Géologie Méditerranéenne. Tome 27, numéro 1-2, 2000. pp. 81-94.

Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis under various conditions using, for the first time, tungsten chloride (WCl 6 ) dissolved in 50% ethanol–50% water. All the as-deposited films were amorphous and dark. When annealed, they became crystallized and transparent. The structure and the composition of these films, before and after annealing, were studied. The X-ray diffraction diagrams revealed that all the annealed films consisted of the monoclinic WO 3 phase. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the W 4f doublet showed the W 6( oxidation state for all the films. The electron probe microanalysis revealed an over stoichiometry of oxygen for the unannealed films. The optical properties as well as the structure of the annealed, therefore transparent, films prepared at different spray rates were also determined. The optical gap was determined from reflection and transmission spectra. All annealed samples exhibited a reversible electrochromic effect in the presence of an acid electrolyte as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry and optical transmission measurements.

Les variations de la conductivite electrique et des parametres optiques de dispersion, definis par Wemple et Didomenico, de couches minces de Wo3 et MoO3, preparees par decomposition chimique en phase vapeur, ont ete etudiees. L'influence des modes d'oxydation et de l'epaisseur est mise en evidence et analysee en liaison avec la morphologie des couches.

Optical, electrical, and structural properties of electrochromic, amorphous, or polycrystalline WO3 thin films prepared by thermal vaporization or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have been studied for samples in colored and bleached states. During the electrical coloration process, a shift of the absorption peak toward higher energies and an increase in the conductivity were observed for all samples. In the same time for the polycrystalline samples a structural change from monoclinic to cubic structure appeared and an increase in the reflectivity in the infrared wavelength range. The crystal structure of colored films changed back to the initial state when the films were electrically bleached, however, the optical and electrical properties were not absolutely reversible. It is possible that a fraction of hydrogen cations still remained inside bleached films and did not contribute to the coloration. An x ray diffraction study during the oxidation in air of a colored sample as a function of time indicates the possibility of following the kinetics of the electrochromic process from the shift of the XRD peaks.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

WO polycrystalline thin films were prepared by annealing, at 500 or 600°C in air, o black tungsten layers produced by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of W(CO)6 on fused quartz or Sn02-coated pyrex substrates. The optical and electrical properties were investigated when the electrochromic samples were in the coloured and bleached states. A passage from a semiconductor to metallic behaviour appears during the colouration. This transition is discussed using the Hubbard-Mott and free electron scattering models.