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1. Misjudgment of interrupted time-series graphs due to serial dependence: Replication of Matyas and Greenwood (1990)

Author

Anthony J. Bishara, Jacob Peller, and Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
serial dependence, time series, graphs, discontinuity, Social Sciences, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Interrupted time-series graphs are often judged by eye. Such a graph might show, for example, patient symptom severity (y) on each of several days (x) before and after a treatment was implemented (interruption). Such graphs might be prone to systematic misjudgment because of serial dependence, where random error at each timepoint persists into later timepoints. An earlier study (Matyas & Greenwood, 1990) showed evidence of systematic misjudgment, but that study has often been discounted due to methodological concerns. We address these concerns and others in two experiments. In both experiments, serial dependence increased mistaken judgments that the interrupting event led to a change in the outcome, though the pattern of results was less extreme than in previous work. Receiver operating characteristics suggested that serial dependence both decreased discriminability and increased the bias to decide that the interrupting event led to a change. This serial dependence effect appeared despite financial incentives for accuracy, despite feedback training, and even in participants who had graduate training relevant to the task. Serial dependence could cause random error to be misattributed to real change, thereby leading to judgments that interventions are effective even when they are not.

Published
2021
Full Text
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2. Technical design report for the endcap disc DIRC

Author

F Davì, W Erni, B Krusche, M Steinacher, N Walford, H Liu, Z Liu, B Liu, X Shen, C Wang, J Zhao, M Albrecht, T Erlen, F Feldbauer, M Fink, V Freudenreich, M Fritsch, F H Heinsius, T Held, T Holtmann, I Keshk, H Koch, B Kopf, M Kuhlmann, M Kümmel, S Leiber, P Musiol, A Mustafa, M Pelizäus, A Pitka, G Reicherz, M Richter, C Schnier, T Schröder, S Sersin, L Sohl, C Sowa, M Steinke, T Triffterer, U Wiedner, R Beck, C Hammann, J Hartmann, B Ketzer, M Kube, M Rossbach, C Schmidt, R Schmitz, U Thoma, M Urban, A Bianconi, M Bragadireanu, D Pantea, W Czyzycki, M Domagala, G Filo, J Jaworowski, M Krawczyk, E Lisowski, F Lisowski, M Michałk, J Płażek, K Korcyl, A Kozela, P Kulessa, P Lebiedowicz, K Pysz, W Schäfer, A Szczurek, T Fiutowski, M Idzik, B Mindur, K Swientek, J Biernat, B Kamys, S Kistryn, G Korcyl, W Krzemien, A Magiera, P Moskal, W Przygoda, Z Rudy, P Salabura, J Smyrski, P Strzempek, A Wronska, I Augustin, R Böhm, I Lehmann, D Nicmorus Marinescu, L Schmitt, V Varentsov, M Al-Turany, A Belias, H Deppe, N Divani Veis, R Dzhygadlo, H Flemming, A Gerhardt, K Götzen, R Karabowicz, U Kurilla, D Lehmann, S Löchner, J Lühning, U Lynen, S Nakhoul, H Orth, K Peters, T Saito, G Schepers, C J Schmidt, C Schwarz, J Schwiening, A Täschner, M Traxler, B Voss, P Wieczorek, A Wilms, V Abazov, G Alexeev, V A Arefiev, V Astakhov, M Yu Barabanov, B V Batyunya, V Kh Dodokhov, A Efremov, A Fechtchenko, A Galoyan, G Golovanov, E K Koshurnikov, Y Yu Lobanov, V I Lobanov, V Malyshev, A G Olshevskiy, A A Piskun, A Samartsev, M G Sapozhnikov, N B Skachkov, A N Skachkova, E A Strokovsky, V Tokmenin, V Uzhinsky, A Verkheev, A Vodopianov, N I Zhuravlev, A Zinchenko, D Branford, D Glazier, D Watts, M Böhm, W Eyrich, A Lehmann, D Miehling, M Pfaffinger, S Stelter, F Uhlig, S Dobbs, K Seth, A Tomaradze, T Xiao, D Bettoni, A Ali, A Hamdi, M Krebs, F Nerling, V Akishina, S Gorbunov, I Kisel, G Kozlov, M Pugach, M Zyzak, N Bianchi, P Gianotti, C Guaraldo, V Lucherini, G Bracco, S Bodenschatz, K T Brinkmann, V Di Pietro, S Diehl, V Dormenev, M Düren, E Etzelmüller, K Föhl, M Galuska, T Geßler, E Gutz, C Hahn, A Hayrapetyan, M Kesselkaul, W Kühn, T Kuske, J S Lange, Y Liang, O Merle, V Metag, M Moritz, M Nanova, R Novotny, T Quagli, A Riccardi, J Rieke, M Schmidt, R Schnell, H Stenzel, M Strickert, U Thöring, T Wasem, B Wohlfahrt, H G Zaunick, E Tomasi-Gustafsson, D Ireland, G Rosner, B Seitz, P N Deepak, A Kulkarni, A Apostolou, M Babai, M Kavatsyuk, H Loehner, J Messchendorp, P Schakel, M Tiemens, J C van der Weele, S Vejdani, K Dutta, K Kalita, H Sohlbach, M Bai, L Bianchi, M Büscher, A Derichs, R Dosdall, A Erven, V Fracassi, A Gillitzer, F Goldenbaum, D Grunwald, L Jokhovets, G Kemmerling, H Kleines, A Lai, A Lehrach, M Mikirtychyants, S Orfanitski, D Prasuhn, E Prencipe, J Pütz, J Ritman, E Rosenthal, S Schadmand, T Sefzick, V Serdyuk, G Sterzenbach, T Stockmanns, P Wintz, P Wüstner, H Xu, Y Zhou, Z Li, X Ma, V Rigato, L Isaksson, P Achenbach, A Aycock, O Corell, A Denig, M Distler, M Hoek, W Lauth, H Merkel, U Müller, J Pochodzalla, S Sanchez, S Schlimme, C Sfienti, M Thiel, M Zambrana, H Ahmadi, S Ahmed, S Bleser, L Capozza, M Cardinali, A Dbeyssi, A Ehret, B Fröhlich, P Grasemann, S Haasler, D Izard, J Jorge, D Khaneft, R Klasen, R Kliemt, J Köhler, H H Leithoff, D Lin, F Maas, S Maldaner, M Michel, M C Mora Espí, C Morales Morales, C Motzko, O Noll, S Pflüger, D Rodríguez Piñeiro, M Steinen, E Walaa, S Wolff, I Zimmermann, A Fedorov, M Korzhik, O Missevitch, P Balanutsa, V Chernetsky, A Demekhin, A Dolgolenko, P Fedorets, A Gerasimov, V Goryachev, D Y Kirin, V A Matveev, A V Stavinskiy, A Balashoff, A Boukharov, O Malyshev, I Marishev, V Chandratre, V Datar, V Jha, H Kumawat, A K Mohanty, A Parmar, A K Rai, B Roy, G Sonika, C Fritzsch, S Grieser, A K Hergemöller, B Hetz, N Hüsken, A Khoukaz, J P Wessels, C Herold, K Khosonthongkee, C Kobdaj, A Limphirat, P Srisawad, Y Yan, A E Blinov, S Kononov, E A Kravchenko, E Antokhin, M Barnyakov, A Yu Barnyakov, K Beloborodov, V E Blinov, V S Bobrovnikov, I A Kuyanov, A P Onuchin, S Pivovarov, E Pyata, S Serednyakov, Y Tikhonov, R Kunne, D Marchand, B Ramstein, J van de Wiele, Y Wang, G Boca, V Burian, M Finger, A Nikolovova, M Pesek, M Peskova, M Pfeffer, I Prochazka, M Slunecka, P Gallus, V Jary, J Novy, M Tomasek, M Virius, V Vrba, V Abramov, N Belikov, S Bukreeva, A Davidenko, A Derevschikov, Y Goncharenko, V Grishin, V Kachanov, V Kormilitsin, A Levin, Y Melnik, N Minaev, V Mochalov, D Morozov, L Nogach, S Poslavskiy, A Ryazantsev, S Ryzhikov, P Semenov, I Shein, A Uzunian, A Vasiliev, A Yakutin, U Roy, B Yabsley, S Belostotski, G Gavrilov, A Izotov, S Manaenkov, O Miklukho, D Veretennikov, A Zhdanov, T Bäck, B Cederwall, K Makonyi, M Preston, P E Tegner, D Wölbing, S Godre, M P Bussa, S Marcello, S Spataro, F Iazzi, R Introzzi, A Lavagno, D Calvo, P De Remigis, A Filippi, G Mazza, A Rivetti, R Wheadon, A Martin, H Calen, W Ikegami Andersson, T Johansson, A Kupsc, P Marciniewski, M Papenbrock, J Pettersson, J Regina, K Schönning, M Wolke, J Diaz, V Pothodi Chackara, A Chlopik, G Kesik, D Melnychuk, B Slowinski, A Trzcinski, M Wojciechowski, S Wronka, B Zwieglinski, P Bühler, J Marton, D Steinschaden, K Suzuki, E Widmann, S Zimmermann, and J Zmeskal

Subjects
Subatomär fysik, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, PANDA, Subatomic Physics, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, technical design report, particle identification, Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, Cherenkov detector
Abstract

PANDA (anti-proton annihiliation at Darmstadt) is planned to be one of the four main experiments at the future international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. It is going to address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using cooled antiproton beams with a high intensity and and momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c. PANDA is designed to reach a maximum luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm−2 s. Most of the physics programs require an excellent particle identification (PID). The PID of hadronic states at the forward endcap of the target spectrometer will be done by a fast and compact Cherenkov detector that uses the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 5° to 22° and to provide a separation power for the separation of charged pions and kaons up to 3 standard deviations (s.d.) for particle momenta up to 4 GeV/c in order to cover the important particle phase space. This document describes the technical design and the expected performance of the novel PANDA disc DIRC detector that has not been used in any other high energy physics experiment before. The performance has been studied with Monte-Carlo simulations and various beam tests at DESY and CERN. The final design meets all PANDA requirements and guarantees sufficient safety margins.

Published
2022

3. Effects of shifts in food reinforcement context on rats’ consumption of concurrently available water or sucrose solution

Author

Chad M. Galuska and Leslie E. Sawyer

Subjects
Consumption (economics), Communication, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 05 social sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Sucrose solution, Animal science, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Fixed ratio, business, Reinforcement, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mathematics
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of signaled transitions from relatively rich to lean conditions of food reinforcement on drinking concurrently available water or sucrose-sweetened water in rats. Past research demonstrated that these negative incentive shifts produce behavioral disruption in the form of extended pausing on fixed-ratio schedules. Four male Long-Evans rats operated on a two-component multiple fixed-ratio fixed-ratio schedule. In one manipulation, the ratio was held constant and the components arranged either a large six-pellet reinforcer (rich) or small one-pellet reinforcer (lean). In a second manipulation, the components both produced a one-pellet reinforcer but differed in terms of the ratio requirement, with the rich and lean conditions corresponding to relatively small and large ratios. In both manipulations, components were pseudorandomly presented to arrange four transitions signaled by retractable levers: lean-to-lean, lean-to-rich, rich-to-rich, and rich-to-lean (the negative incentive shift). During experimental conditions, a bottle with lickometer was inserted in the chamber, providing concurrent access either to tap water or a 10% sucrose solution. The negative incentive shift produced considerably more drinking than the other transitions in all rats during both manipulations. The level of drinking was not polydipsic; rather, it appears that the negative incentive shift enhanced the value of concurrently available reinforcers relative to food reinforcement.

Published
2017

4. Effects of negative incentive shifts in food reward on rats' consumption of concurrent ethanol solutions

Author

Chad M. Galuska, Ellie J. Cutright, Leslie E. Sawyer, and Kayce M. Hopper

Subjects
Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Reinforcement Schedule, Alcohol Drinking, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Extinction, Psychological, Toxicology, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Reward, Animals, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Rats, Long-Evans, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Reinforcement, Consumption (economics), Motivation, Ethanol, 05 social sciences, Extinction (psychology), Rats, Incentive, chemistry, Conditioning, Operant, Substance use, Fixed ratio, Reinforcement, Psychology, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

Frustration stress, typically operationalized as the unexpected loss of reinforcement, has been shown to engender substance use. Abrupt reductions in reinforcer magnitude likely also function as frustration stressors. These negative incentive shifts were previously shown to produce tap- and sweetened-water drinking in rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these shifts in food reward would occasion oral ethanol self-administration. Nine male Long-Evans rats operated on a two-component multiple fixed-ratio schedule with signaled components producing either a large (4 pellets) or small (1pellet) reinforcer. Components were pseudorandomly arranged to present 4 transitions between past and upcoming reinforcer magnitudes: small-to-large, small-to-small, large-to-large, and large-to-small (negative incentive shift). Experiment 1 investigated the effects of negative incentive shifts on consumption of concurrent, freely available 10% sucrose, 10% sucrose plus 10% ethanol, and following sucrose fading, 10% ethanol. Experiment 2 entailed continuation of schedule contingencies with a dose manipulation of 4 ethanol concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 20%) to assess dose-dependent differences in transition-type control and consumption. A lever-press extinction condition was then conducted with 10% ethanol availability. In this novel model of frustration stress, negative incentive shifts prompted ethanol self-administration at each dose investigated, whereas the other transitions did not.

Published
2019

5. Cortisol reactivity and situational drug use in cocaine-dependent females

Author

Chad M. Galuska, Aimee L. McRae-Clark, Brian J. Sherman, and Lauren A. Campbell

Subjects
Drug, Adult, Hydrocortisone, Drug taking, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Placebo, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Cocaine, Double-Blind Method, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Situational ethics, Reactivity (psychology), education, Biological Psychiatry, media_common, education.field_of_study, Motivation, business.industry, Stressor, Yohimbine, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Female, Cues, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stress, Psychological, medicine.drug, Clinical psychology
Abstract

In this double-blind study, cocaine-dependent women were administered a pharmacological stressor or placebo prior to two cue-reactivity procedures. The Inventory of Drug Taking Situations is a self-report questionnaire measuring antecedents to relapse and is comprised of three subscales: negative, positive, and temptation situational drug use. It was hypothesized that women with higher IDTS scores would have a greater cortisol response to the cue-reactivity task while receiving yohimbine versus placebo. All three subscales showed significance during the same times after yohimbine administration and immediately post-cue exposure. Our results may suggest an association between situational and physiological risk factors in this population.

Published
2019

6. Technical design report for the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ Barrel DIRC detector

Author

B Singh, W Erni, B Krusche, M Steinacher, N Walford, B Liu, H Liu, Z Liu, X Shen, C Wang, J Zhao, M Albrecht, T Erlen, F Feldbauer, M Fink, M Fritsch, J Haase, F H Heinsius, T Held, T Holtmann, I Keshk, H Koch, B Kopf, M Kuhlmann, M Kümmel, S Leiber, M Mikirtychyants, P Musiol, A Mustafa, M Pelizäus, A Pitka, J Pychy, M Richter, C Schnier, T Schröder, C Sowa, M Steinke, T Triffterer, U Wiedner, M Ball, R Beck, C Hammann, B Ketzer, M Kube, P Mahlberg, M Rossbach, C Schmidt, R Schmitz, U Thoma, M Urban, D Walther, C Wendel, A Wilson, A Bianconi, M Bragadireanu, D Pantea, B Patel, W Czyzycki, M Domagala, G Filo, J Jaworowski, M Krawczyk, E Lisowski, F Lisowski, M Michałek, P Poznański, J Płażek, K Korcyl, A Kozela, P Kulessa, P Lebiedowicz, K Pysz, W Schäfer, A Szczurek, T Fiutowski, M Idzik, B Mindur, K Swientek, J Biernat, B Kamys, S Kistryn, G Korcyl, W Krzemien, A Magiera, P Moskal, A Pyszniak, Z Rudy, P Salabura, J Smyrski, P Strzempek, A Wronska, I Augustin, R Böhm, I Lehmann, D Nicmorus Marinescu, L Schmitt, V Varentsov, A Ali, M Al-Turany, A Belias, H Deppe, N Divani Veis, R Dzhygadlo, H Flemming, A Gerhardt, K Götzen, A Gromliuk, L Gruber, R Hohler, G Kalicy, R Karabowicz, R Kliemt, M Krebs, U Kurilla, D Lehmann, S Löchner, J Lühning, U Lynen, F Nerling, H Orth, M Patsyuk, K Peters, T Saito, G Schepers, C J Schmidt, C Schwarz, J Schwiening, A Täschner, M Traxler, C Ugur, B Voss, P Wieczorek, A Wilms, M Zühlsdorf, V Abazov, G Alexeev, V A Arefiev, V Astakhov, M Yu Barabanov, B V Batyunya, Y Davydov, V Kh Dodokhov, A Efremov, A Fechtchenko, A G Fedunov, A Galoyan, S Grigoryan, E K Koshurnikov, Y Yu Lobanov, V I Lobanov, A F Makarov, L V Malinina, V Malyshev, A G Olshevskiy, E Perevalova, A A Piskun, T Pocheptsov, G Pontecorvo, V Rodionov, Y Rogov, R Salmin, A Samartsev, M G Sapozhnikov, G Shabratova, N B Skachkov, A N Skachkova, E A Strokovsky, M Suleimanov, R Teshev, V Tokmenin, V Uzhinsky, A Vodopianov, S A Zaporozhets, N I Zhuravlev, A Zinchenko, D Branford, D Glazier, D Watts, M Böhm, A Britting, W Eyrich, A Lehmann, M Pfaffinger, F Uhlig, S Dobbs, K Seth, A Tomaradze, T Xiao, D Bettoni, V Carassiti, A Cotta Ramusino, P Dalpiaz, A Drago, E Fioravanti, I Garzia, M Savrie, V Akishina, S Gorbunov, I Kisel, G Kozlov, M Pugach, M Zyzak, P Gianotti, C Guaraldo, V Lucherini, A Bersani, G Bracco, M Macri, R F Parodi, K Biguenko, K T Brinkmann, V Di Pietro, S Diehl, V Dormenev, M Düren, E Etzelmüller, K Föhl, M Galuska, E Gutz, C Hahn, A Hayrapetyan, M Kesselkaul, K Kreutzfeldt, W Kühn, T Kuske, J S Lange, Y Liang, V Metag, M Moritz, M Nanova, R Novotny, T Quagli, S Reiter, A Riccardi, J Rieke, C Rosenbaum, M Schmidt, R Schnell, H Stenzel, U Thöring, M N Wagner, T Wasem, B Wohlfahrt, H G Zaunick, E Tomasi-Gustafsson, D Ireland, G Rosner, B Seitz, P N Deepak, A Kulkarni, A Apostolou, M Babai, M Kavatsyuk, P J Lemmens, M Lindemulder, H Loehner, J Messchendorp, P Schakel, H Smit, M Tiemens, J C van der Weele, R Veenstra, S Vejdani, K Dutta, K Kalita, A Kumar, A Roy, H Sohlbach, M Bai, L Bianchi, M Büscher, L Cao, A Cebulla, R Dosdall, A Erven, V Fracassi, A Gillitzer, F Goldenbaum, D Grunwald, A Herten, Q Hu, L Jokhovets, G Kemmerling, H Kleines, A Lai, A Lehrach, R Nellen, H Ohm, S Orfanitski, D Prasuhn, E Prencipe, J Pütz, J Ritman, E Rosenthal, S Schadmand, T Sefzick, V Serdyuk, G Sterzenbach, T Stockmanns, P Wintz, P Wüstner, H Xu, S Li, Z Li, Z Sun, V Rigato, L Isaksson, P Achenbach, A Aycock, O Corell, A Denig, M Distler, M Hoek, A Karavdina, W Lauth, H Merkel, U Müller, J Pochodzalla, S Sanchez, S Schlimme, C Sfienti, M Thiel, H Ahmadi, null S Ahmed, S Bleser, L Capozza, M Cardinali, A Dbeyssi, M Deiseroth, A Ehret, B Fröhlich, D Kang, D Khaneft, R Klasen, H H Leithoff, D Lin, F Maas, S Maldaner, M Martínez, M Michel, M C Mora Espí, C Morales Morales, C Motzko, O Noll, S Pflüger, D Rodríguez Piñeiro, A Sanchez-Lorente, M Steinen, R Valente, M Zambrana, I Zimmermann, A Fedorov, M Korjik, O Missevitch, A Balashoff, A Boukharov, O Malyshev, I Marishev, P Balanutsa, V Balanutsa, V Chernetsky, A Demekhin, A Dolgolenko, P Fedorets, A Gerasimov, V Goryachev, V Chandratre, V Datar, D Dutta, V Jha, H Kumawat, A K Mohanty, A Parmar, A K Rai, B Roy, G Sonika, C Fritzsch, S Grieser, A K Hergemöller, B Hetz, N Hüsken, A Khoukaz, J P Wessels, K Khosonthongkee, C Kobdaj, A Limphirat, P Srisawad, Y Yan, E Antokhin, A Yu Barnyakov, M Barnyakov, K Beloborodov, V E Blinov, V S Bobrovnikov, I A Kuyanov, K Martin, A P Onuchin, S Pivovarov, E Pyata, S Serednyakov, A Sokolov, Y Tikhonov, A E Blinov, S Kononov, E A Kravchenko, E Atomssa, R Kunne, D Marchand, B Ramstein, J van de Wiele, Y Wang, G Boca, S Costanza, P Genova, P Montagna, A Rotondi, M Bodlak, M Finger, A Nikolovova, M Pesek, M Peskova, M Pfeffer, I Prochazka, M Slunecka, P Gallus, V Jary, J Novy, M Tomasek, M Virius, V Vrba, V Abramov, N Belikov, S Bukreeva, A Davidenko, A Derevschikov, Y Goncharenko, V Grishin, V Kachanov, V Kormilitsin, A Levin, Y Melnik, N Minaev, V Mochalov, D Morozov, L Nogach, S Poslavskiy, A Ryazantsev, S Ryzhikov, P Semenov, I Shein, A Uzunian, A Vasiliev, A Yakutin, U Roy, B Yabsley, S Belostotski, G Gavrilov, A Izotov, S Manaenkov, O Miklukho, D Veretennikov, A Zhdanov, K Makonyi, M Preston, P E Tegner, D Wölbing, T Bäck, B Cederwall, S Godre, F Balestra, F Iazzi, R Introzzi, A Lavagno, J Olave, A Amoroso, M P Bussa, L Busso, M Destefanis, L Fava, L Ferrero, M Greco, J Hu, L Lavezzi, M Maggiora, G Maniscalco, S Marcello, S Sosio, S Spataro, D Calvo, S Coli, P De Remigis, A Filippi, G Giraudo, S Lusso, G Mazza, M Mignone, A Rivetti, R Wheadon, R Birsa, F Bradamante, A Bressan, A Martin, H Calen, W Ikegami Andersson, T Johansson, A Kupsc, P Marciniewski, M Papenbrock, J Pettersson, K Schönning, M Wolke, B Galnander, J Diaz, V Pothodi Chackara, A Chlopik, G Kesik, D Melnychuk, B Slowinski, A Trzcinski, M Wojciechowski, S Wronka, B Zwieglinski, P Bühler, J Marton, D Steinschaden, K Suzuki, E Widmann, S Zimmermann, and J Zmeskal

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Detector, Barrel (horology), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, Particle identification, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ (anti-Proton ANnihiliation at DArmstadt) experiment will be one of the four flagship experiments at the new international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ will address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using high-intensity cooled antiproton beams with momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c and a design luminosity of up to 2 × 1032 cm−2 s−1. Excellent particle identification (PID) is crucial to the success of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ physics program. Hadronic PID in the barrel region of the target spectrometer will be performed by a fast and compact Cherenkov counter using the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) technology. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 22° to 140° and will provide at least 3 standard deviations (s.d.) π/K separation up to 3.5 GeV/c, matching the expected upper limit of the final state kaon momentum distribution from simulation. This documents describes the technical design and the expected performance of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ Barrel DIRC detector. The design is based on the successful BaBar DIRC with several key improvements. The performance and system cost were optimized in detailed detector simulations and validated with full system prototypes using particle beams at GSI and CERN. The final design meets or exceeds the PID goal of clean π/K separation with at least 3 s.d. over the entire phase space of charged kaons in the Barrel DIRC.

Published
2019

7. Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons

Author

B. Singh, W. Erni, B. Krusche, M. Steinacher, N. Walford, B. Liu, H. Liu, Z. Liu, X. Shen, C. Wang, J. Zhao, M. Albrecht, T. Erlen, M. Fink, F. Heinsius, T. Held, T. Holtmann, S. Jasper, I. Keshk, H. Koch, B. Kopf, M. Kuhlmann, M. Kümmel, S. Leiber, M. Mikirtychyants, P. Musiol, A. Mustafa, M. Pelizäus, J. Pychy, M. Richter, C. Schnier, T. Schröder, C. Sowa, M. Steinke, T. Triffterer, U. Wiedner, M. Ball, R. Beck, C. Hammann, B. Ketzer, M. Kube, P. Mahlberg, M. Rossbach, C. Schmidt, R. Schmitz, U. Thoma, M. Urban, D. Walther, C. Wendel, A. Wilson, A. Bianconi, M. Bragadireanu, M. Caprini, D. Pantea, B. Patel, W. Czyzycki, M. Domagala, G. Filo, J. Jaworowski, M. Krawczyk, E. Lisowski, F. Lisowski, M. Michałek, P. Poznański, J. Płażek, K. Korcyl, A. Kozela, P. Kulessa, P. Lebiedowicz, K. Pysz, W. Schäfer, A. Szczurek, T. Fiutowski, M. Idzik, B. Mindur, D. Przyborowski, K. Swientek, J. Biernat, B. Kamys, S. Kistryn, G. Korcyl, W. Krzemien, A. Magiera, P. Moskal, A. Psyzniak, Z. Rudy, P. Salabura, J. Smyrski, P. Strzempek, A. Wronska, I. Augustin, R. Böhm, I. Lehmann, D. Nicmorus Marinescu, L. Schmitt, V. Varentsov, M. Al-Turany, A. Belias, H. Deppe, R. Dzhygadlo, A. Ehret, H. Flemming, A. Gerhardt, K. Götzen, A. Gromliuk, L. Gruber, R. Karabowicz, R. Kliemt, M. Krebs, U. Kurilla, D. Lehmann, S. Löchner, J. Lühning, U. Lynen, H. Orth, M. Patsyuk, K. Peters, T. Saito, G. Schepers, C.J. Schmidt, C. Schwarz, J. Schwiening, A. Täschner, M. Traxler, C. Ugur, B. Voss, P. Wieczorek, A. Wilms, M. Zühlsdorf, V.M. Abazov, G. Alexeev, A. Arefiev, V.I. Astakhov, M.Yu. Barabanov, B.V. Batyunya, Yu.I. Davydov, V.Kh. Dodokhov, A.A. Efremov, A. Fechtchenko, A.G. Fedunov, A. Galoyan, S. Grigoryan, E.K. Koshurnikov, V.I. Lobanov, Y.Yu. Lobanov, A.F. Makarov, L.V. Malinina, V.L. Malyshev, A. Olshevskiy, E. Perevalova, A.A. Piskun, T. Pocheptsov, G. Pontecorvo, V. Rodionov, Y. Rogov, R. Salmin, A. Samartsev, M.G. Sapozhnikov, G. Shabratova, N.B. Skachkov, A.N. Skachkova, E.A. Strokovsky, M. Suleimanov, R. Teshev, V. Tokmenin, V. Uzhinsky, A. Vodopyanov, S.A. Zaporozhets, N.I. Zhuravlev, A.G. Zorin, D. Branford, D. Glazier, D. Watts, M. Böhm, A. Britting, W. Eyrich, A. Lehmann, M. Pfaffinger, F. Uhlig, S. Dobbs, K. Seth, A. Tomaradze, T. Xiao, D. Bettoni, V. Carassiti, A. Cotta Ramusino, P. Dalpiaz, A. Drago, E. Fioravanti, I. Garzia, M. Savriè, V. Akishina, I. Kisel, G. Kozlov, M. Pugach, M. Zyzak, P. Gianotti, C. Guaraldo, V. Lucherini, A. Bersani, G. Bracco, M. Macri, R.F. Parodi, K. Biguenko, K. Brinkmann, V. Di Pietro, S. Diehl, V. Dormenev, P. Drexler, M. Düren, E. Etzelmüller, M. Galuska, E. Gutz, C. Hahn, A. Hayrapetyan, M. Kesselkaul, W. Kühn, T. Kuske, J.S. Lange, Y. Liang, V. Metag, M. Nanova, S. Nazarenko, R. Novotny, T. Quagli, S. Reiter, J. Rieke, C. Rosenbaum, M. Schmidt, R. Schnell, H. Stenzel, U. Thöring, M. Ullrich, M.N. Wagner, T. Wasem, B. Wohlfarth, H. Zaunick, D. Ireland, G. Rosner, B. Seitz, P.N. Deepak, A. Kulkarni, A. Apostolou, M. Babai, M. Kavatsyuk, P. Lemmens, M. Lindemulder, H. Loehner, J. Messchendorp, P. Schakel, H. Smit, M. Tiemens, J.C. van der Weele, R. Veenstra, S. Vejdani, K. Dutta, K. Kalita, A. Kumar, A. Roy, H. Sohlbach, M. Bai, L. Bianchi, M. Büscher, L. Cao, A. Cebulla, R. Dosdall, A. Gillitzer, F. Goldenbaum, D. Grunwald, A. Herten, Q. Hu, G. Kemmerling, H. Kleines, A. Lehrach, R. Nellen, H. Ohm, S. Orfanitski, D. Prasuhn, E. Prencipe, J. Pütz, J. Ritman, S. Schadmand, T. Sefzick, V. Serdyuk, G. Sterzenbach, T. Stockmanns, P. Wintz, P. Wüstner, H. Xu, A. Zambanini, S. Li, Z. Li, Z. Sun, V. Rigato, L. Isaksson, P. Achenbach, O. Corell, A. Denig, M. Distler, M. Hoek, A. Karavdina, W. Lauth, H. Merkel, U. Müller, J. Pochodzalla, S. Schlimme, C. Sfienti, M. Thiel, H. Ahmadi, S. Ahmed, S. Bleser, L. Capozza, M. Cardinali, A. Dbeyssi, M. Deiseroth, F. Feldbauer, M. Fritsch, B. Fröhlich, P. Jasinski, D. Kang, D. Khaneft, R. Klasen, H.H. Leithoff, D. Lin, F. Maas, S. Maldaner, M. Martìnez Rojo, M. Marta, M. Michel, M.C. Mora Espì, C. Morales Morales, C. Motzko, F. Nerling, O. Noll, S. Pflüger, A. Pitka, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, A. Sanchez Lorente, M. Steinen, R. Valente, T. Weber, M. Zambrana, I. Zimmermann, A. Fedorov, M. Korjik, O. Missevitch, A. Boukharov, O. Malyshev, I. Marishev, P. Balanutsa, V. Balanutsa, V. Chernetsky, A. Demekhin, A. Dolgolenko, P. Fedorets, A. Gerasimov, V. Goryachev, V. Chandratre, V. Datar, D. Dutta, V. Jha, H. Kumawat, A.K. Mohanty, A. Parmar, B. Roy, G. Sonika, C. Fritzsch, S. Grieser, A.K. Hergemöller, B. Hetz, N. Hüsken, A. Khoukaz, J.P. Wessels, K. Khosonthongkee, C. Kobdaj, A. Limphirat, P. Srisawad, Y. Yan, M. Barnyakov, A.Yu. Barnyakov, K. Beloborodov, A.E. Blinov, V.E. Blinov, V.S. Bobrovnikov, S. Kononov, E.A. Kravchenko, I.A. Kuyanov, K. Martin, A.P. Onuchin, S. Serednyakov, A. Sokolov, Y. Tikhonov, E. Atomssa, R. Kunne, D. Marchand, B. Ramstein, J. Van de Wiele, Y. Wang, G. Boca, S. Costanza, P. Genova, P. Montagna, A. Rotondi, V. Abramov, N. Belikov, S. Bukreeva, A. Davidenko, A. Derevschikov, Y. Goncharenko, V. Grishin, V. Kachanov, V. Kormilitsin, A. Levin, Y. Melnik, N. Minaev, V. Mochalov, D. Morozov, L. Nogach, S. Poslavskiy, A. Ryazantsev, S. Ryzhikov, P. Semenov, I. Shein, A. Uzunian, A. Vasiliev, A. Yakutin, E. Tomasi-Gustafsson, U. Roy, B. Yabsley, S. Belostotski, G. Gavrilov, A. Izotov, S. Manaenkov, O. Miklukho, D. Veretennikov, A. Zhdanov, K. Makonyi, M. Preston, P. Tegner, D. Wölbing, T. Bäck, B. Cederwall, A.K. Rai, S. Godre, D. Calvo, S. Coli, P. De Remigis, A. Filippi, G. Giraudo, S. Lusso, G. Mazza, M. Mignone, A. Rivetti, R. Wheadon, F. Balestra, F. Iazzi, R. Introzzi, A. Lavagno, J. Olave, A. Amoroso, M.P. Bussa, L. Busso, F. De Mori, M. Destefanis, L. Fava, L. Ferrero, M. Greco, J. Hu, L. Lavezzi, M. Maggiora, G. Maniscalco, S. Marcello, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, R. Birsa, F. Bradamante, A. Bressan, A. Martin, H. Calen, W. Ikegami Andersson, T. Johansson, A. Kupsc, P. Marciniewski, M. Papenbrock, J. Pettersson, K. Schönning, M. Wolke, B. Galnander, J. Diaz, V. Pothodi Chackara, A. Chlopik, G. Kesik, D. Melnychuk, B. Slowinski, A. Trzcinski, M. Wojciechowski, S. Wronka, B. Zwieglinski, P. Bühler, J. Marton, D. Steinschaden, K. Suzuki, E. Widmann, J. Zmeskal, Jürgen Gerl, Ivan Kojouharov, Jasmina Kojouharova, and Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics

Subjects
Particle physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, COLLISIONS, Strong interaction, Nuclear Theory, hyperatoms, Antiprotons, Hyperatoms, Hypernuclei, Strangeness, EXCHANGE CURRENTS, 01 natural sciences, Partícules (Física nuclear), NO, Nuclear physics, Subatomär fysik, Hypemuclei, strangeness, DECUPLET BARYONS, ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS, 0103 physical sciences, Subatomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, hypernuclei, NUCLEI, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hyperon, Transport theory, DOUBLE-LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI, MODEL, OMEGA, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Heavy ion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, antiprotons, INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES, EMULSION
Abstract

Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the PANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution gamma-spectroscopy of doubly strange Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Xi(-) -atoms will be feasible and even the production of Omega(-) -atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the vertical bar S vertical bar = 3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Omega(-) -nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Xi(+) in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

8. Feasibility study for the measurement of πN transition distribution amplitudes at P¯ANDA in p¯p→J/ψπ0

Author

Tristan Weber, Michaela Thiel, T. Wasem, J. Schwiening, M. Kube, R. Schmitz, D. Lehmann, A. Trzcinski, A. Amoroso, A.A. Efremov, Alexander Olshevskiy, R. Klasen, Herbert Koch, M. Maggiora, A. Dbeyssi, Dipanwita Dutta, F. E. Maas, A. Chlopik, E. Etzelmüller, P. Wintz, V. Lucherini, P. Schakel, P. De Remigis, Krzysztof Swientek, G.S. Shabratova, H. Deppe, Angelo Rivetti, Riccardo Introzzi, K. Dutta, P. Wieczorek, V. M. Datar, W. Lauth, E. A. Strokovsky, L. Busso, M. Hoek, F. Balestra, G. Maniscalco, D. Khaneft, R. Schnell, S. Vejdani, N. G. Minaev, V. Chernetsky, B. Seitz, U. Thoma, K. K. Seth, Mario Bragadireanu, Amiran Tomaradze, B. Fröhlich, S. Pflüger, Valentino Rigato, Franco Bradamante, I. A. Kuyanov, E. Gutz, V. M. Abazov, D. P. Watts, Lennart Isaksson, M. Albrecht, V. Arefiev, T. Schröder, B. Singh, G. Sonika, A. Fechtchenko, C. Rosenbaum, L. Schmitt, Bernd Voss, B. Hetz, S. Sanchez, Magnus Wolke, S.A. Zaporozhets, A. Filippi, S. Coli, Bhavin Patel, A. Khoukaz, Markus Ball, A. Pitka, Krisztian Peters, B. Ramstein, K. Khosonthongkee, M. Pfaffinger, Torbjörn Bäck, D. Veretennikov, J. Pütz, R.A. Salmin, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, A. Hayrapetyan, Chinorat Kobdaj, R. W. Novotny, P. Genova, W. Kühn, P. F. Dalpiaz, S. Belostotski, Ulrich Wiedner, A.S. Vodopianov, Yu.N. Rogov, Wojciech Krzemien, M. Wojciechowski, T. Erlen, Giuseppe Giraudo, B. Zwieglinski, H. Smit, E. Prencipe, J. Jaworowski, R.A. Kunne, S. Lusso, A.G. Fedunov, P. Musiol, C. Schnier, Yan Liang, H. Ohm, Paolo Montagna, A. Karavdina, G. Mazza, N. K. Walford, G. Boca, Boris Batyunya, M. Zyzak, V. Varentsov, M. Kuhlmann, M. Zühlsdorf, V. V. Tokmenin, G. Sterzenbach, M. Tiemens, Stanisław Kistryn, A. Kumar, Alessandro Bressan, F. Lisowski, Paul Alois Buhler, V. Carassiti, D. Prasuhn, M. Zambrana, R. Dzhygadlo, J. Lühning, M.K. Suleimanov, O. Noll, P. Salabura, M. Patsyuk, Christian Schmidt, Johann Zmeskal, M. Barnyakov, A. A. Piskun, F. Feldbauer, Susanna Costanza, Zbigniew Rudy, V. E. Blinov, F. De Mori, Alexander D. Vasiliev, V. Metag, C. Sfienti, Utpal Roy, E. Perevalova, M. Cardinali, R. Birsa, R. Teshev, Aleksandra Wrońska, Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, F. Uhlig, K. Pysz, T. Sefzick, M. Steinen, V.B. Chandratre, M. Krebs, Matthias Richter, J. P. Wessels, W. Schäfer, M. Fritsch, M. Korjik, J. Rieke, Andreas Lehrach, M. Kavatsyuk, A. Kulkarni, R. F. Parodi, R. Karabowicz, A. Sanchez-Lorente, T.A. Pocheptsov, Valery Dormenev, A. Magiera, H. Flemming, Vassili Kachanov, K. Kalita, W. Erni, P. Poznański, T. Holtmann, O. Miklukho, J. Pychy, S. Bleser, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, Zhiqing Liu, T. Quagli, D. Branford, O. Corell, Konstantin Beloborodov, Dirk Grunwald, Jize Zhao, R. Böhm, L. Capozza, L. Ferrero, A. K. Hergemöller, T. Held, Mario Greco, A. Wilms, Alessandro Drago, I. Augustin, Mathias Fink, A. E. Yakutin, N. Belikov, D. I. Glazier, Sergey Nazarenko, D. Kang, A. Boukharov, M. Kesselkaul, V. Abramov, A. N. Skachkova, S. Bukreeva, U. Thöring, Hans-Georg Zaunick, A. Ryazantsev, S. Marcello, C. Guaraldo, V. Pothodi Chackara, K. Makonyi, A.I. Zinchenko, S. Ryzhikov, S. Orfanitski, Edward Lisowski, K. A. Martin, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, L. Lavezzi, Kirill M. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, S.A. Kononov, L. Gruber, Grzegorz Filo, M. Domagala, L. Cao, V. Di Pietro, S. Grieser, B. Ketzer, S. Schlimme, Marten Ole Schmidt, Alberto Rotondi, M. Michel, C. Schwarz, S. I. Manaenkov, E. A. Kravchenko, R. Beck, A. Gillitzer, Krzysztof Korcyl, B. Slowinski, G. Kesik, Felice Iazzi, U. Müller, D. Calvo, B. Krusche, C. Wang, M. Steinke, A. Gerhardt, V. L. Malyshev, I. Marishev, E. Widmann, Gianangelo Bracco, Harald Kleines, N. I. Zhuravlev, A. Lehmann, D. Nicmorus Marinescu, Patrick Achenbach, A. Apostolou, D. Walther, Johann Marton, C. Sowa, T. Saito, R. Dosdall, Ayut Limphirat, A. Belias, Dan Pantea, A. Täschner, A. Mustafa, D. Marchand, P. Kulessa, M. Galuska, C. Ugur, W. Ikegami Andersson, M. Savrie, C. Hammann, J. C. van der Weele, D. Wölbing, G.B. Pontecorvo, Vivekanand Jha, Hasko Stenzel, D. Przyborowski, P. Drexler, Antoni Szczurek, Tord Johansson, A. Gerasimov, T. Triffterer, A. Britting, S. Ahmed, Mihai Caprini, W. Eyrich, A. Kozela, V. Grishin, O. Malyshev, U. Kurilla, Yupeng Yan, H. Sohlbach, S. Leiber, P. Strzempek, X. Y. Shen, V. V. Mochalov, M. I. Martínez, U. Lynen, I. Lehmann, M. Bai, A. A. Zhdanov, M. Preston, M. Urban, M. Mikirtychyants, I. K. Keshk, Andrea Lavagno, Grzegorz Korcyl, H. Ahmadi, J. Biernat, A. Lai, M. Traxler, Richard Wheadon, M. Pelizäus, A. Cotta Ramusino, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, Markus Büscher, R. Kliemt, M. M. Macri, V. Kormilitsin, A. Yu. Barnyakov, Z. Li, Ivan Kisel, Arpit Parmar, Tomasz Fiutowski, C. Schmidt, C. Morales Morales, J. Płażek, Michael Düren, Z. J. Sun, H. Loehner, M. Pugach, P. Fedorets, K. Suzuki, A. P. Onuchin, E. Fioravanti, Andrea Bianconi, B. Ma, Yu.M. Mel'nik, M. Deiseroth, F. H. Heinsius, D. G. Ireland, J. S. Lange, Anne-Laure Martin, B. Wohlfahrt, H. Xu, J. Van de Wiele, P. N. Deepak, D. A. Morozov, N. Hüsken, Livio Bianchi, Günter Kemmerling, S. Löchner, B. Galnander, Jifeng Hu, N. B. Skachkov, G. D. Alexeev, T. Ullrich, I. Zimmermann, B. J. Roy, E.K. Koshurnikov, D. Steinschaden, M. Michałek, Bruce Yabsley, M. N. Wagner, S. Wronka, Smbat Grigoryan, Paola Gianotti, Andrey V. Izotov, T. Kuske, S. C. Li, A. G. Zorin, A. Davidenko, M. Lindemulder, V. Astakhov, Andreas Herten, V.I. Lobanov, V.Kh. Dodokhov, Oleg V. Missevitch, Y. Wang, C. Hahn, A. Pyszniak, M.G. Sapozhnikov, L. V. Malinina, Andrey Uzunian, Andrei Fedorov, H. Orth, A. Ehret, Alastair J. Wilson, L. V. Nogach, R. Nellen, Hans Calén, I. Garzia, A.F. Makarov, Harphool Kumawat, S. I. Serednyakov, A. Galoyan, Paweł Moskal, Karin Schönning, W. Czyzycki, J. G. Messchendorp, A. Riccardi, M. Kümmel, A. Sokolov, Maria Krawczyk, Ting Xiao, S. Godre, A. G. Denig, Marek Idzik, M. O. Distler, Frank Goldenbaum, P. Srisawad, G. Kozlov, K. Biguenko, P.J.J. Lemmens, S. Spataro, M. Yu. Barabanov, S. Maldaner, A. Zambanini, Ajay Kumar Rai, I. Shein, M. Böhm, M. Rossbach, A. Demekhin, Yury Tikhonov, A. A. Derevschikov, C. Fritzsch, M. Babai, J. S. Díaz, V. K. Rodionov, A. E. Blinov, A. Cebulla, S. Reiter, A. Samartsev, Bartosz Mindur, V. N. Goryachev, H. B. Liu, B. Kopf, E. Atomssa, C. Wendel, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, Yu.I. Davydov, Genady Gavrilov, Andrew Levin, M.P. Bussa, G. Rosner, S. Jasper, Ankhi Roy, J. Olave, A. Bersani, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, B. Kamys, P. Wüstner, Piotr Lebiedowicz, D. Bettoni, A. Dolgolenko, P.-E. Tegnér, Mariana Nanova, D. Melnychuk, V. Akishina, P. A. Semenov, V. Balanutsa, P. Mahlberg, H. Leithoff, Victor Bobrovnikov, M. Papenbrock, L. Fava, R. Valente, R. Veenstra, C. Motzko, K.-T. Brinkmann, F. Nerling, V. Uzhinsky, Harald Merkel, M. Destefanis, D. Lin, Y.M. Goncharenko, M. C. Mora Espí, N. Divani Veis, Pawel Marciniewski, Mohammed Al-Turany, Q. Hu, Andrzej Kupsc, M. Steinacher, Tobias Stockmanns, J. Ritman, S. Diehl, V. Serdyuk, Jerzy Smyrski, A. Gromliuk, M. Mignone, M. Moritz, S. Sosio, S. Schadmand, G. Schepers, S. Poslavskiy, and Joachim Pettersson

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Annihilation, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Factorization, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Bar (unit)
Abstract

The exclusive charmonium production process in (P) over barp annihilation with an associated pi 0 meson (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0) is studied in the framework of QCD collinear factorization. The feasibility of measuring this reaction through the J/psi -> e(+) e(-) decay channel with the AntiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt ((P) over bar ANDA) experiment is investigated. Simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as the background rejection from various sources including the (P) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0)pi(0) reactions are performed with PANDAROOT, the simulation and analysis software framework of the (P) over bar ANDA experiment. It is shown that the measurement can be done at (P) over bar ANDA with significant constraining power under the assumption of an integrated luminosity attainable in four to five months of data taking at the maximum design luminosity.

Published
2017

9. WITHIN-SESSION CHANGES IN RATS´ FOOD-DEMAND ELASTICITY

Author

Vanessa Minervini, Chad M. Galuska, and David R. Maguire

Subjects
Price elasticity of demand, Food consumption, Econometrics, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Open economy, Elasticity (economics), Reinforcement, Behavioral economics, Fixed ratio, Applied Psychology, Mathematics
Abstract

A common finding in behavioral economics is that demand assessed under an open economy is more elastic than that obtained under a closed economy.Although elas- ticity traditionally has been conceptualized in terms of price sensitivity a potential confounding variable is session duration because opeii economies typically arrange markedly briefer sessions than closed economies.To assess the role of session duration on deniand elasticit, we arranged an open economy in which 6 male Long- Evans rats lever-pressed for food and water reinforcers in 1-and 6-hr sessions.The fixed ratio for food reinforceis increased across sessions. Both reinforcer magnitude (1 or 2 pellets) session duration were manipulated across conditions.Acumulative hourly food consumption, data were fit to both the lineal-and exponential demand models such that the elasticity parameters yielded could be compared.For all rats, as time within the session elapsed, cumulative exponential demand for food became progressively less elastic, as did initial linear demand erasticity however cumulative linear demand for food remained relatively unchanged f.r 5 of 6 rats.These results suggest that session duratio modulates only in itial demand elasticiv with small price increases, and that these changes do not reflect changes in price sensitivity.

Published
2013

10. Effects of shifts in food reinforcement context on rats' consumption of concurrently available water or sucrose solution

Author

Chad M, Galuska and Leslie E, Sawyer

Subjects
Male, Sucrose, Reinforcement Schedule, Food, Water Supply, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Drinking Behavior, Rats, Long-Evans, Reinforcement, Psychology, Rats
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of signaled transitions from relatively rich to lean conditions of food reinforcement on drinking concurrently available water or sucrose-sweetened water in rats. Past research demonstrated that these negative incentive shifts produce behavioral disruption in the form of extended pausing on fixed-ratio schedules. Four male Long-Evans rats operated on a two-component multiple fixed-ratio fixed-ratio schedule. In one manipulation, the ratio was held constant and the components arranged either a large six-pellet reinforcer (rich) or small one-pellet reinforcer (lean). In a second manipulation, the components both produced a one-pellet reinforcer but differed in terms of the ratio requirement, with the rich and lean conditions corresponding to relatively small and large ratios. In both manipulations, components were pseudorandomly presented to arrange four transitions signaled by retractable levers: lean-to-lean, lean-to-rich, rich-to-rich, and rich-to-lean (the negative incentive shift). During experimental conditions, a bottle with lickometer was inserted in the chamber, providing concurrent access either to tap water or a 10% sucrose solution. The negative incentive shift produced considerably more drinking than the other transitions in all rats during both manipulations. The level of drinking was not polydipsic; rather, it appears that the negative incentive shift enhanced the value of concurrently available reinforcers relative to food reinforcement.

Published
2016

11. A comparison of economic demand and conditioned-cued reinstatement of methamphetamine-seeking or food-seeking in rats

Author

Lena Vaughn Willse, Kelly M. Banna, Chad M. Galuska, Ronald E. See, and Noushin Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi

Subjects
Male, Reinforcement Schedule, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Self Administration, Models, Psychological, Article, Extinction, Psychological, Methamphetamine, Developmental psychology, Recurrence, Demand curve, medicine, Animals, Food seeking, Rats, Long-Evans, Pharmacology, Price elasticity of demand, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Economic demand, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Feeding Behavior, Rats, Psychiatry and Mental health, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Conditioning, Operant, Cues, Psychology, medicine.drug, Demography
Abstract

This study examined whether continued access to methamphetamine or food reinforcement changed economic demand for both. The relationship between demand elasticity and cue-induced reinstatement was also determined. Male Long-Evans rats were lever pressed under increasing fixed-ratio requirements for either food pellets or methamphetamine (20 μg/50 μl infusion). For two groups, demand curves were obtained before and after continued access (12 days, 2-h sessions) to the reinforcer under a fixed-ratio 3 schedule. A third group was given continued access to methamphetamine between determinations of food demand and a fourth group abstained from methamphetamine between determinations. All groups underwent extinction sessions, followed by a cue-induced reinstatement test. Although food demand was less elastic than methamphetamine demand, continued access to methamphetamine shifted the methamphetamine demand curve upward and the food demand curve downward. In some rats, methamphetamine demand also became less elastic. Continued access to food had no effect on food demand. Reinstatement was higher after continued access to methamphetamine relative to food. For methamphetamine, elasticity and reinstatement measures were correlated. Continued access to methamphetamine, but not food, alters demand in ways suggestive of methamphetamine accruing reinforcing strength. Demand elasticity thus provides a useful measure of abuse liability that may predict future relapse to renewed drug-seeking and drug use.

Published
2011

12. EFFECTS OF DAILY MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION AND DEPRIVATION ON CHOICE AND DEMAND FOR REMIFENTANIL AND COCAINE IN RHESUS MONKEYS

Author

Chad M. Galuska, Tammy Wade-Galuska, and Gail Winger

Subjects
Male, Morphine Injection, Remifentanil, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Pharmacology, Choice Behavior, Behavioral Neuroscience, Morphine withdrawal, Cocaine, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Piperidines, medicine, Animals, Infusions, Intravenous, Research Articles, Motivation, Opioid withdrawal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Morphine, Macaca mulatta, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Analgesics, Opioid, Regimen, Opioid, Conditioning, Operant, Female, Psychology, Morphine Dependence, medicine.drug
Abstract

Choice procedures have indicated that the relative reinforcing effectiveness of opioid drugs increases during opioid withdrawal. The demand curve, an absolute measure of reinforcer value, has not been applied to this question. The present study assessed whether mild morphine withdrawal would increase demand for or choice of remifentanil or cocaine. Four rhesus monkeys chose between remifentanil and cocaine during daily sessions. Demand curves for both drugs were subsequently obtained. The effects of daily injections of 3.2 mg/kg morphine on both choice and demand for these drugs was assayed 3 and 20.5 hr after each morphine injection, and then during a postmorphine period. Three hours following morphine injections, choice of remifentanil over cocaine decreased and demand for remifentanil--but not cocaine--became more elastic. During morphine withdrawal (20.5 hr postinjection), choice of remifentanil increased and remifentanil demand became more inelastic in 3 of 4 monkeys. Cocaine demand also became more inelastic during this period. Four to five weeks following the morphine regimen, demand for both drugs was more inelastic relative to the initial determination. The results suggest that both the relative and absolute reinforcing effectiveness of remifentanil decreased following morphine administration and increased during morphine withdrawal. The absolute reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine also increased during morphine withdrawal. In addition, extended exposure to drug self-administration and/or exposure to the morphine regimen produced long-term increases in demand for both drugs.

Published
2011

13. The effect of prefeeding on fixed-ratio pausing is jointly determined by past and upcoming reinforcer magnitudes

Author

Chad M. Galuska and Katherine A. Yadon

Subjects
Male, Communication, Food deprivation, Reinforcement Schedule, Time Factors, business.industry, General Medicine, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Eating, Behavioral Neuroscience, Long evans rats, Food, Statistics, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Female, Rats, Long-Evans, Animal Science and Zoology, Food Deprivation, Reinforcement, business, Fixed ratio, Psychology, Reinforcement, Psychology
Abstract

Pausing within multiple fixed-ratio schedules differing in reinforcer magnitude is jointly controlled by both past and upcoming conditions of reinforcement. Abrupt shifts from a just-received large reinforcer to a signaled upcoming small reinforcer (i.e., a negative incentive shift) produce marked disruptions in responding, as indexed by extended pausing. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if reducing the level of food deprivation via prefeeding enhanced these disruptive effects. Five Long Evans rats lever-pressed according to a fixed-ratio schedule. Half of the components ended in a relatively large reinforcer (three 45-mg food pellets) and half ended in a relatively small reinforcer (one pellet). Components alternated irregularly, yielding four transitions between reinforcers: small–small, small–large, large–small (the negative incentive shift), and large–large. During five, 1-session prefeeding probes, rats were given 12 g of food in their home cages 1 h prior to the start of the session. Under steady-state conditions, negative incentive shifts engendered the longest pausing. Prefeeding produced large absolute and relative increases in pausing during negative incentive shifts, and small increases in pausing in the other transitions. The results are interpreted within a resistance to change framework.

Published
2011

14. Aspartame demand in rhesus monkeys: Effects of volume and concentration manipulations

Author

James H. Woods, Tammy Wade-Galuska, Chad M. Galuska, and Gail Winger

Subjects
Behavior, Animal, Aspartame, Osmolar Concentration, Drinking Behavior, Water, General Medicine, Choice Behavior, Macaca mulatta, Drug Administration Schedule, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Demand analysis, Animal science, Volume (thermodynamics), chemistry, Demand curve, Sweetening Agents, Animals, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Reinforcement, Reinforcement, Psychology, Mathematics
Abstract

Three rhesus monkeys’ lever presses produced aspartame-sweetened water according to a fixed-ratio schedule. The response requirement was increased across sessions and a demand-function analysis was used to assess the reinforcing effectiveness of different magnitudes of aspartame by manipulating reinforcer duration (1 and 3 s) in Phase 1 and concentration (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mg/ml) in Phase 2. When duration was manipulated, the number of aspartame deliveries was mainly a function of the response requirement rather than unit price (responses/duration), suggesting that changes in duration did not significantly affect the reinforcing effectiveness of aspartame. When concentration was manipulated and the lowest concentration excluded, consumption was best described by unit price (responses/concentration) in two monkeys and by the response requirement in the third. Although results from the concentration manipulation provide some evidence that consumption was modulated by unit price, the results overall suggest that scalar equivalence does not exist between the components of unit price; specifically, the response requirement exerted a larger influence than duration or concentration on total consumption. Finally, a normalized demand analysis revealed that aspartame is a more elastic commodity than food and drug reinforcers.

Published
2007

15. Experimental access to Transition Distribution Amplitudes with the P̄ANDA experiment at FAIR

Author

M. C. Mora Espí, Pawel Marciniewski, K. Makonyi, Yupeng Yan, S. Wronka, D. Pietreanu, Shaji Kumar, N. Belikov, D. I. Glazier, A. Gillitzer, K. Khanchai, Ajay Kumar Rai, M. Steinen, D. Calvo, Yury Tikhonov, A. A. Derevschikov, T. A. Pocheptsov, R.A. Salmin, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, P. N. Deepak, A. E. Blinov, S. Lange, S. Ryzhikov, G. Kalicy, Arpit Parmar, P. Musiol, G. D. Alexeev, D. P. Watts, Lennart Isaksson, Tobias Stockmanns, E. Gutz, P. F. Dalpiaz, Zhi Liu, D. Marchand, S. Grieser, A. Gerhardt, D. Kangh, L. Fava, A. A. Festchenko, Harphool Kumawat, I. Zimmermann, M. Albrecht, B. Krusche, A. Sanchez Lorente, E. A. Strokovsky, M. A. Pasyuk, J. Ritman, P. C. Vinodkumar, T. Quagli, M.G. Sapozhnikov, Ashok Kumar, Herbert Koch, V. I. Astakhov, V. Serdyuk, K. M. von Würtemberg, D. Münchow, Hans-Georg Zaunick, S. Marcello, M. Ullrich, A. Mustafa, Paola Gianotti, T. Kuske, Michaela Thiel, Kamal K. Seth, S. Schlimme, C. Schwarz, M. Savrie, B. Ketzer, Jerzy Smyrski, E. Etzelmüller, A. G. Fedunov, H. Sohlbach, K. Malgorzata, Victor Bobrovnikov, R.Sh. Teshev, L. Ayut, V.M. Abazov, B. Spruck, B. Kamys, D. Mülhheim, Krzysztof Swientek, S. Schadmand, M. V. Korzihik, Zbigniew Rudy, Matei Eugen Vasile, T. Wasem, J. Schwiening, D. Lehmann, M. Patsyuk, Karin Schönning, W. Czyzycki, M. Zühlsdorf, V. N. Goryachev, A. G. Zorin, A. Davidenko, W. Lauth, B. Fröhlich, A. Amoroso, V. Lucherini, P. Schakel, Grzegorz Korcyl, G.A. Mustafaev, Smbat Grigoryan, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Grzegorz Filo, R. Veenstra, P. Wüstner, J. Marton, Boris Batyunya, L. Ferrero, A. N. Skachkova, Edward Lisowski, I. Garzia, D. Bremer, T. Eissner, D. Lin, Y.M. Goncharenko, Soumen Paul, A.A. Efremov, Dipanwita Dutta, Alberto Rotondi, M. Michel, B. Slowinski, A. Arefiev, Philip Woods, I. Augustin, Yan Liang, A. Karavdina, M. Greco, P. Rosier, Antoni Szczurek, N. Saito, K. Föhl, T. Schröder, B. Singh, Mariana Nanova, Andreas Herten, Oleg V. Missevitch, S.A. Zaporozhets, K.-T. Brinkmann, Sukanta Dash, A. Filippi, A. Trzcinski, Marek Idzik, M. O. Distler, J. Schumann, C. Sowa, I. Konorov, J. C. van der Weele, Mathias Fink, A. E. Yakutin, B. Kopf, E. Atomssa, A. Pitka, R. Karabowicz, H. H. Leithoff, Angelo Rivetti, S. Pornrad, S. Diehl, M. Maggiora, B. Kröck, R. Duchat, O. Levitskaya, Gianluigi Boca, Krzysztof Korcyl, Gianangelo Bracco, Harald Kleines, F. Nerling, L. Caldeira Balkeståhl, S. Coli, E. Perevalova, T. Gessler, Klaus Peters, A. Magiera, Vassili Kachanov, M. Hawryluk, S. Ong, R. Varma, X. Shen, T. Czyzewski, M. Domagala, S. Godre, M. Zyzak, J. Pettersson, F. Uhlig, F. De Mori, P.J.J. Lemmens, Alexander D. Vasiliev, Mohammed Al-Turany, Q. Hu, Andrzej Kupsc, R. Schmitz, P. Mahlberg, P. De Remigis, C. Schnier, S. Lusso, R. Dosdall, L. Zotti, J. Van de Wiele, A. Britting, S. Fissum, Zhigang Li, Jozef Zlomanczuk, Amiran Tomaradze, S. Spataro, U. Müller, R. Valente, V. Uzhinsky, Giulio Stancari, G. S. Shabratova, I. Keshelashvili, S. Jowzaee, Harald Merkel, C. Guaraldo, S. Li, Christian Schmidt, M. Steinacher, V. Kozlov, Yu.N. Rogov, A. Bianconi, T. Held, V. Datar, Andrei Fedorov, H. Orth, T. Weber, A. Kozela, Piotr Salabura, M. Destefanis, Andrea Lavagno, M. Kuhlmann, B. Ma, J. Pychy, Piotr Lebiedowicz, L. Capozza, Dominik Kwiatkowski, Andrew Levin, A. Wilms, Germán Mazza, Matthias Richter, Wojciech Krzemien, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, I. Shein, H. Ohm, Paolo Montagna, Paul Alois Buhler, Y. Naryshkin, Hans Calén, A. Apostolou, S. Orfanitski, V. Grishin, A. Kashchuk, V. Kormilitsin, Tomasz Fiutowski, M. Mingnore, M. Krebs, A. Dolgolenko, E. Fioravanti, P.-E. Tegnér, A. Chlopik, A. Gromliuk, Andreas Lehrach, I. Georgadze, B. Czech, B. Zwieglinski, Kurt Hansen, W. Schäfer, C. Motzko, R. Kunne, P. Genova, J. Lühning, A. Psyzniak, S. Bianco, H. Smit, Nicola Bianchi, Felice Iazzi, J. Rieke, M. Fritsch, R. Dzhygadlo, O. Corell, E. Pace, S. I. Manaenkov, V. Chandratre, S. Sosio, A. Olshevskiy, T. Johansson, S. Sanchez, Concettina Sfienti, R. F. Parodi, D. Walther, T. Saito, E. Köhler, Zhi Sun, Markus Büscher, P. Kulessa, Magnus Wolke, I. Kisel, V. Tokmenin, Alexander Vodopyanov, J.H. Zhao, C. Wang, M. Kube, M. Kavatsyuk, T. Hennino, Johann Zmeskal, V. Varentsov, C. Morales Morales, S. Esch, R. Kliemt, G. Schepers, S. Poslavskiy, Alessandro Drago, Dan Pantea, M. Imre, W. Eyrich, D. Melnychuk, M.P. Bussa, Dirk Grunwald, I. Lehmann, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, Kjell Fransson, A. P. Onuchin, Valery Dormenev, M. Rossbach, F. E. Maas, Giuseppe Giraudo, M. Pelizäus, D. P. Mohanta, H. Deppe, C. Rosenbaum, M. Cardinali, A. G. Denig, A. Boukharov, V. Abramov, A. Hayrapetyan, K. Pysz, Vladimir Blinov, A. K. Hergemöller, A. Ryazantsev, K. Kalita, P. Wintz, Raghunath Sahoo, V. Akishina, P. A. Semenov, V. Balanutsa, Mikael Lundin, M. M. Macri, Anne-Laure Martin, A. Karmokov, U. Cahit, A. Demekhin, G. Rosner, W. Erni, S. Plueger, S. Leiber, Michael Werner, L. Schmitt, S. Costanza, Bent Schröder, R. Arora, D. Deermann, M. Leyhe, S.A. Kononov, S. Belostotski, Ulrich Wiedner, Maria Krawczyk, L. V. Malinina, M. Tiemens, Yu.M. Mel'nik, Ch. Schmidt, O. Merle, U. Thoma, M. Babai, A. Semenov, R. Maier, Ankhi Roy, Michael Düren, L. V. Nogach, E. Widmann, A. Zhadanov, Valentino Rigato, Stanisław Kistryn, P. Fedorets, K. Suzuki, D. A. Morozov, Franco Bradamante, Torbjörn Bäck, L. Busso, C. Le Galliard, Bhavin Patel, Alessandro Bressan, K. Chinorat, M. Wojciechowski, A. Lehmann, A.F. Makarov, A. Galoyan, P. Wieczorek, T. Holtmann, Bernd Voss, Aleksandra Wrońska, J. S. Díaz, M. Hoek, D. Veretennikov, F. H. Heinsius, P. Brandys, F. Balestra, H. Flemming, F. Lisowski, H. Younis, Paweł Moskal, G. Maniscalco, P. Jasinski, V. K. Rodionov, J. G. Messchendorp, R. Schnell, O. Miklukho, D. Prasuhn, M. Zambrana, M. Kümmel, L. Cao, I. Marishev, A. Bersani, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, L. Lavezzi, S. Vejdani, N. G. Minaev, Herbert Löhner, V. Metag, R. W. Novotny, E. Tomasi-Gustafsson, N. B. Skachkov, A. Cebulla, Bartosz Mindur, V. Chernetsky, B. Seitz, Daniel M. Kaplan, E. K. Koshurnikov, B. Ramstein, A. Kulkarni, B. J. Roy, T. Sefzick, D. Khaneft, D. Branford, A. A. Piskun, Reinhard Beck, S. Bleser, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, R. Siudak, V. I. Lobanov, E. A. Kravchenko, S. Bukreeva, A. Samartsev, U. Thöring, F. Feldbauer, Ting Xiao, Patrick Achenbach, Hongwei Liu, Johannes Peter Wessels, D. Bettoni, Yu.I. Davydov, V. I. Dormenev, Genady Gavrilov, Ch. Wendel, M. Yu. Barabanov, Kirill M. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, R. Birsa, T. Bel, Günter Kemmerling, A. Khoukaz, V. Carassiti, B. Galnander, Jifeng Hu, M. Bragadireanu, I. A. Kuyanov, Bruce Yabsley, Andrey V. Izotov, O. Noll, J. Kunkel, A. Dbeyssi, K. Suvorov, Vivekanand Jha, Wolfgang Kuhn, Hasko Stenzel, O. Malyshev, A. A. Sokolov, U. Kurilla, G. Kuhl, D. Kaiser, P. Strzempek, A. Goerres, J. Biernat, D. G. Ireland, H. Xu, M. K. Suleimanov, G. Sterzenbach, E. Prencipe, A. Ortiz, N. I. Zhuravlev, A. Täschner, A. Gerasimov, T. Triffterer, M. Deiseroth, A. Wilson, Marek Palka, M. Lindemulder, A. Y. Barnyakov, V.Kh. Dodokhov, D. Nicmorus, Andrey Uzunian, A. Ehret, R. Nellen, Ch. Hammann, M. Steinke, V. L. Malyshev, P. Drexler, Richard Wheadon, A. Cotta Ramusino, P. Sarin, Riccardo Introzzi, H. Clement, I. Kulakov, M. Zuehlsdorf, M. Galuska, S. Kliczewski, G.B. Pontecorvo, D. Przyborowski, Mihai Caprini, V. V. Mochalov, M. Jadhav, M. Mikirtychyants, M. Traxler, Frank Goldenbaum, Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics, The PANDA Collaboration, Null, Singh, B. P, Erni, W., Keshelashvili, I., Krusche, B., Steinacher, M., Liu, B., Liu, H., Liu, Z., Shen, X., Wang, C., Zhao, J., Albrecht, M., Fink, M., Heinsius, F. H., Held, T., Holtmann, T., Koch, H., Kopf, B., Kümmel, M., Kuhl, G., Kuhlmann, M., Leyhe, M., Mikirtychyants, M., Musiol, P., Mustafa, A., Pelizäus, M., Pychy, J., Richter, M., Schnier, C., Schröder, T., Sowa, C., Steinke, M., Triffterer, T., Wiedner, U., Beck, R., Hammann, C., Kaiser, D., Ketzer, B., Kube, M., Mahlberg, P., Rossbach, M., Schmidt, C., Schmitz, R., Thoma, U., Walther, D., Wendel, C., Wilson, A., Bianconi, A., Bragadireanu, M., Caprini, M., Pantea, D., Pietreanu, D., Vasile, M. E., Patel, B., Kaplan, D., Brandys, P., Czyzewski, T., Czyzycki, W., Domagala, M., Hawryluk, M., Filo, G., Krawczyk, M., Kwiatkowski, D., Lisowski, E., Lisowski, F., Fiutowski, T., Idzik, M., Mindur, B., Przyborowski, D., Swientek, K., Czech, B., Kliczewski, S., Korcyl, K., Kozela, A., Kulessa, P., Lebiedowicz, P., Malgorzata, K., Pysz, K., Schäfer, W., Siudak, R., Szczurek, A., Biernat, J., Jowzaee, S., Kamys, B., Kistryn, S., Korcyl, G., Krzemien, W., Magiera, A., Moskal, P., Palka, M., Psyzniak, A., Rudy, Z., Salabura, P., Smyrski, J., Strzempek, P., Wrońska, A., Augustin, I., Lehmann, I., Nicmorus, D., Schepers, G., Schmitt, L., Al Turany, M., Cahit, U., Capozza, L., Dbeyssi, A., Deppe, H., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehret, A., Flemming, H., Gerhardt, A., Götzen, K., Karabowicz, R., Kliemt, R., Kunkel, J., Kurilla, U., Lehmann, D., Lühning, J., Maas, F., Morales Morales, C., Mora Espí, M. C., Nerling, F., Orth, H., Peters, K., Rodríguez Piñeiro, D., Saito, N., Saito, T., Sánchez Lorente, A., Schmidt, C. J., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Traxler, M., Valente, R., Voss, B., Wieczorek, P., Wilms, A., Zühlsdorf, M., Abazov, V. M., Alexeev, G., Arefiev, A., Astakhov, V. I., Barabanov, M. Y. u., Batyunya, B. V., Davydov, Y. u. I., Dodokhov, V. K. h., Efremov, A. A., Fedunov, A. G., Festchenko, A. A., Galoyan, A. S., Grigoryan, S., Karmokov, A., Koshurnikov, E. K., Lobanov, V. I., Lobanov, Y. u. Y. u., Makarov, A. F., Malinina, L. V., Malyshev, V. L., Mustafaev, G. A., Olshevskiy, A., Pasyuk, M. A., Perevalova, E. A., Piskun, A. A., Pocheptsov, T. A., Pontecorvo, G., Rodionov, V. K., Rogov, Y. u. N., Salmin, R. A., Samartsev, A. G., Sapozhnikov, M. G., Shabratova, G. S., Skachkov, N. B., Skachkova, A. N., Strokovsky, E. A., Suleimanov, M. K., Teshev, R. S. h., Tokmenin, V. V., Uzhinsky, V. V., Vodopyanov, A. S., Zaporozhets, S. A., Zhuravlev, N. I., Zorin, A. G., Branford, D., Glazier, D., Watts, D., Woods, P., Britting, A., Eyrich, W., Lehmann, A., Uhlig, F., Dobbs, S., Seth, K., Tomaradze, A., Xiao, T., Bettoni, D., Carassiti, V., Cotta Ramusino, A., Dalpiaz, P., Drago, A., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Savriè, M., Stancari, G., Akishina, V., Kisel, I., Kulakov, I., Zyzak, M., Arora, R., Bel, T., Gromliuk, A., Kalicy, G., Krebs, M., Patsyuk, M., Zuehlsdorf, M., Bianchi, N., Gianotti, P., Guaraldo, C., Lucherini, V., Pace, E., Bersani, A., Bracco, G., Macri, M., Parodi, R. F., Bianco, S., Bremer, D., Brinkmann, K. T., Diehl, S., Dormenev, V., Drexler, P., Düren, M., Eissner, T., Etzelmüller, E., Föhl, K., Galuska, M., Gessler, T., Gutz, E., Hayrapetyan, A., Hu, J., Kröck, B., Kühn, W., Kuske, T., Lange, S., Liang, Y., Merle, O., Metag, V., Mülhheim, D., Münchow, D., Nanova, M., Novotny, R., Pitka, A., Quagli, T., Rieke, J., Rosenbaum, C., Schnell, R., Spruck, B., Stenzel, H., Thöring, U., Ullrich, M., Wasem, T., Werner, M., Zaunick, H. G., Ireland, D., Rosner, G., Seitz, B., Deepak, P. N., Kulkarni, A. V., Apostolou, A., Babai, M., Kavatsyuk, M., Lemmens, P., Lindemulder, M., Löhner, H., Messchendorp, J., Schakel, P., Smit, H., van der Weele, J. C., Tiemens, M., Veenstra, R., Vejdani, S., Kalita, K., Mohanta, D. P., Kumar, A., Roy, A., Sahoo, R., Sohlbach, H., Büscher, M., Cao, L., Cebulla, A., Deermann, D., Dosdall, R., Esch, S., Georgadze, I., Gillitzer, A., Goerres, A., Goldenbaum, F., Grunwald, D., Herten, A., Hu, Q., Kemmerling, G., Kleines, H., Kozlov, V., Lehrach, A., Leiber, S., Maier, R., Nellen, R., Ohm, H., Orfanitski, S., Prasuhn, D., Prencipe, E., Ritman, J., Schadmand, S., Schumann, J., Sefzick, T., Serdyuk, V., Sterzenbach, G., Stockmanns, T., Wintz, P., Wüstner, P., Xu, H., Li, S., Li, Z., Sun, Z., Rigato, V., Fissum, S., Hansen, K., Isaksson, L., Lundin, M., Schröder, B., Achenbach, P., Bleser, S., Cardinali, M., Corell, O., Deiseroth, M., Denig, A., Distler, M., Feldbauer, F., Fritsch, M., Jasinski, P., Hoek, M., Kangh, D., Karavdina, A., Lauth, W., Leithoff, H., Merkel, H., Michel, M., Motzko, C., Müller, U., Noll, O., Plueger, S., Pochodzalla, J., Sanchez, S., Schlimme, S., Sfienti, C., Steinen, M., Thiel, M., Weber, T., Zambrana, M., Dormenev, V. I., Fedorov, A. A., Korzihik, M. V., Missevitch, O. V., Balanutsa, P., Balanutsa, V., Chernetsky, V., Demekhin, A., Dolgolenko, A., Fedorets, P., Gerasimov, A., Goryachev, V., Varentsov, V., Boukharov, A., Malyshev, O., Marishev, I., Semenov, A., Konorov, I., Paul, S., Grieser, S., Hergemöller, A. K., Khoukaz, A., Köhler, E., Täschner, A., Wessels, J., Dash, S., Jadhav, M., Kumar, S., Sarin, P., Varma, R., Chandratre, V. B., Datar, V., Dutta, D., Jha, V., Kumawat, H., Mohanty, A. K., Roy, B., Yan, Y., Chinorat, K., Khanchai, K., Ayut, L., Pornrad, S., Barnyakov, A. Y., Blinov, A. E., Blinov, V. E., Bobrovnikov, V. S., Kononov, S. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Kuyanov, I. A., Onuchin, A. P., Sokolov, A. A., Tikhonov, Y. A., Atomssa, E., Hennino, T., Imre, M., Kunne, R., Le Galliard, C., Ma, B., Marchand, D., Ong, S., Ramstein, B., Rosier, P., Tomasi Gustafsson, E., Van de Wiele, J., Boca, G., Costanza, S., Genova, P., Lavezzi, L., Montagna, P., Rotondi, A., Abramov, V., Belikov, N., Bukreeva, S., Davidenko, A., Derevschikov, A., Goncharenko, Y., Grishin, V., Kachanov, V., Kormilitsin, V., Melnik, Y., Levin, A., Minaev, N., Mochalov, V., Morozov, D., Nogach, L., Poslavskiy, S., Ryazantsev, A., Ryzhikov, S., Semenov, P., Shein, I., Uzunian, A., Vasiliev, A., Yakutin, A., Yabsley, B., Bäck, T., Cederwall, B., Makónyi, K., Tegnér, P. E., von Würtemberg, K. M., Belostotski, S., Gavrilov, G., Izotov, A., Kashchuk, A., Levitskaya, O., Manaenkov, S., Miklukho, O., Naryshkin, Y., Suvorov, K., Veretennikov, D., Zhadanov, A., Rai, A. K., Godre, S. S., Duchat, R., Amoroso, A., Bussa, M. P., Busso, L., De Mori, F., Destefanis, M., Fava, L., Ferrero, L., Greco, M., Maggiora, M., Maniscalco, G., Marcello, S., Sosio, S., Spataro, S., Zotti, L., Calvo, D., Coli, S., De Remigis, P., Filippi, A., Giraudo, G., Lusso, S., Mazza, G., Mingnore, M., Rivetti, A., Wheadon, R., Balestra, F., Iazzi, F., Introzzi, R., Lavagno, A., Younis, H., Birsa, Renato, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, Martin, Anna, Clement, H., Gålnander, B., Caldeira Balkeståhl, L., Calén, H., Fransson, K., Johansson, T., Kupsc, A., Marciniewski, P., Pettersson, J., Schönning, K., Wolke, M., Zlomanczuk, J., Díaz, J., Ortiz, A., Vinodkumar, P. C., Parmar, A., Chlopik, A., Melnychuk, D., Slowinski, B., Trzcinski, A., Wojciechowski, M., Wronka, S., Zwieglinski, B., Bühler, P., Marton, J., Suzuki, K., Widmann, E., Zmeskal, J., Fröhlich, B., Khaneft, D., Lin, D., Zimmermann, I., and Semenov Tian Shansky, K.

Subjects
Particle physics, (P)Over-Baranda, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Electroproduction, Hadron, Annihilation, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nucleon, NO, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Factorization, 0103 physical sciences, Fysik, Invariant mass, ddc:530, Meson Production, Monte-Carlo, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Perturbative QCD, Qcd, Physical Sciences, Exclusive Processes, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Pi(0), Cross-Sections, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Baryon-to-meson Transition Distribution Amplitudes (TDAs) encoding valuable new information on hadron structure appear as building blocks in the collinear factorized description for several types of hard exclusive reactions. In this paper, we address the possibility of accessing nucleon-to-pion ($��N$) TDAs from $\bar{p}p \to e^+e^- ��^0$ reaction with the future PANDA detector at the FAIR facility. At high center of mass energy and high invariant mass squared of the lepton pair $q^2$, the amplitude of the signal channel $\bar{p}p \to e^+e^- ��^0$ admits a QCD factorized description in terms of $��N$ TDAs and nucleon Distribution Amplitudes (DAs) in the forward and backward kinematic regimes. Assuming the validity of this factorized description, we perform feasibility studies for measuring $\bar{p}p \to e^+e^- ��^0$ with the PANDA detector. Detailed simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as on rejection of the most severe background channel, i.e. $\bar{p}p \to ��^+��^- ��^0$ were performed for the center of mass energy squared $s = 5$ GeV$^2$ and $s = 10$ GeV$^2$, in the kinematic regions $3.0 < q^2 < 4.3$ GeV$^2$ and $5 < q^2 < 9$ GeV$^2$, respectively, with a neutral pion scattered in the forward or backward cone $| \cos��_{��^0}| > 0.5 $ in the proton-antiproton center of mass frame. Results of the simulation show that the particle identification capabilities of the PANDA detector will allow to achieve a background rejection factor of $5\cdot 10^7$ ($1\cdot 10^7$) at low (high) $q^2$ for $s=5$ GeV$^2$, and of $1\cdot 10^8$ ($6\cdot 10^6$) at low (high) $q^2$ for $s=10$ GeV$^2$, while keeping the signal reconstruction efficiency at around $40\%$. At both energies, a clean lepton signal can be reconstructed with the expected statistics corresponding to $2$ fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. (.../...), 19 pages, 7 figures (some multiple), 2 tables (each double), preprint of an article for epj - v2

Published
2015

16. ASSESSING UNIT-PRICE RELATED REMIFENTANIL CHOICE IN RHESUS MONKEYS

Author

James H. Woods, Steven R. Hursh, Chad M. Galuska, and Gail Winger

Subjects
Male, Reinforcement Schedule, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Remifentanil, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Choice Behavior, Behavioral Neuroscience, Piperidines, Statistics, medicine, Animals, Animal behavior, Preference (economics), Research Articles, health care economics and organizations, Motivation, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Extramural, Unit price, Macaca mulatta, Analgesics, Opioid, Injections, Intravenous, Female, Opioid analgesics, Psychology, Social psychology, Psychomotor Performance, medicine.drug
Abstract

Given a commodity available at different prices, a unit-price account of choice predicts preference for the cheaper alternative. This experiment determined if rhesus monkeys preferred remifentanil (an ultra-short-acting micro-opioid agonist) delivered at a lower unit price over a higher-priced remifentanil alternative (Phases 1 and 3). Choice between equal-priced alternatives also was assessed (Phase 2). A discrete-trials procedure was arranged in which three monkeys chose between two remifentanil alternatives by responding on one of two levers. Different prices were arranged by manipulating drug dose (0.3 and 0.1 microg/kg/injection) and/or the ratio requirement. Monkeys usually chose the larger-dose alternative even when it was more expensive. Only when unit prices were relatively high (e.g., large response requirements) did monkeys choose the cheaper (or equally priced) smaller-dose alternative. Employing larger doses (0.9 and 0.3 microg/kg/injection) attenuated the larger-dose preference. The results demonstrate that choice was not determined simply by unit price. An alternative model that employs demand-function analysis to generate choice predictions is proposed.

Published
2006

17. ACQUISITION OF COCAINE SELF-ADMINISTRATION WITH UNSIGNALED DELAYED REINFORCEMENT IN RHESUS MONKEYS

Author

James H. Woods and Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
Lever, Time Factors, business.product_category, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Self Administration, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Macaca mulatta, Developmental psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Cocaine, Anesthesia, Animals, Lever pressing, Reinforcement, Self-administration, Psychology, business, Reinforcement, Psychology, Research Articles, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Six experimentally naive rhesus monkeys produced 0.01 mg/kg/infusion cocaine by lever pressing under a tandem fixed-ratio 1 differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior schedule. One lever press initiated an unsignaled 15- or 30-s delay culminating in cocaine delivery. Each press made during the delay reset the delay interval. With two exceptions, responding was acquired and maintained at higher rates than responding on a second (inoperative) lever. For the exceptions, a cancellation contingency was arranged in which each formerly inoperative-lever response reset the tandem schedule. This manipulation reduced presses on the inoperative lever. Subsequently, the consequences of responding on the two levers were reversed, and the monkeys again responded at higher rates on the operative lever. As a comparison, 3 additional experimentally naive monkeys received response-independent cocaine deliveries. Although lever pressing was observed, it extinguished and was subsequently reestablished under the tandem schedule. The results suggest that although response-reinforcer contiguity is not required for cocaine to acquire reinforcing functions, a response-reinforcer relation appears necessary.

Published
2005

18. Prototype for the trigger-less data acquisition of the P̅ANDA experiment 2014 IEEE real time conference

Author

S. Fleischer, J. Hu, Bjorn Spruck, G. Krocyl, Wolfgang Kuhn, M. Galuska, M. N. Wagner, Yutie Liang, Zhen'an Liu, Soeren Lange, Jingzhou Zhao, and H. Ye

Subjects
Data acquisition, business.industry, Computer science, Event (computing), Data management, Real-time computing, Detector, Graphics, Tracking (particle physics), business, Field-programmable gate array, Event reconstruction
Abstract

The PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility in Darmstadt, Germany will operate with a very high anti-proton interaction rate of up to 2 × 107/s in a free streaming mode without hardware triggers. Several hundreds of GB/s of data have to be read out. Sophisticated event filtering mechanisms based on tracking, calorimetry and particle identification are required in order to reject background events and reducing the amount of raw data by three orders of magnitude. This goal can be achieved by full event reconstruction and filtering in a highly parallelized and pipelined architecture including Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platforms as well as Graphics Processing Units and PC farms.

Published
2014

19. Effects of the trace amine-associated receptor 1 agonist RO5263397 on abuse-related effects of cocaine in rats

Author

Yanan Zhang, David M. Dietz, Amy M. Gancarz-Kausch, Chad M. Galuska, Li Jing, David A. Thorn, Jun-Xu Li, and Yanyan Qiu

Subjects
Agonist, Male, medicine.drug_class, media_common.quotation_subject, Drug-Seeking Behavior, Self Administration, Pharmacology, Trace amine associated receptor 1, Extinction, Psychological, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Cocaine, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, TAAR1, medicine, Animals, Receptor, Trace amine-associated receptor, media_common, Addiction, Conditioned place preference, Psychiatry and Mental health, Space Perception, Conditioning, Operant, Original Article, Cues, Psychology, Self-administration
Abstract

Animal knockout studies suggest that trace amine-associated receptor (TAAR) 1 is involved in behavioral effects of psychostimulants such as cocaine. Recently, several highly selective TAAR 1 agonists have been discovered. However, little is known of the impact of TAAR 1 agonists on abuse-related effects of cocaine. Here, we report the effects of a TAAR 1 agonist RO5263397 on several abuse-related behavioral effects of cocaine in rats. RO5263397 was evaluated for its effects on cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization, conditioned place preference (CPP), cue- and cocaine prime-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior, and cocaine self-administration using behavioral economic analysis. RO5263397 reduced the expression of cocaine behavioral sensitization, cue- and cocaine prime-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking, and expression but not development of cocaine CPP. Behavioral economic analysis showed that RO5263397 increased the elasticity of the cocaine demand curve, but did not change cocaine consumption at minimal prices. Taken together, this is the first systematic assessment of a TAAR 1 agonist on a range of behavioral effects of cocaine, showing that RO5263397 was efficacious in reducing cocaine-mediated behaviors. Collectively, these data uncover essential neuromodulatory roles of TAAR 1 on cocaine abuse, and suggest that TAAR 1 may represent a novel drug target for the treatment of cocaine addiction.

Published
2014

20. LAS VEGAS AREA-WIDE REUSE STUDY

Author

Dennis B. Porter, Craig M. Galuska, Gary K. Grinnell, David Mendenhall, Rob McLaughlin, Bert Anzai, Don E. Pellissier, and Marinus Baadsgaard

Subjects
Engineering, Las vegas, Database, business.industry, General Engineering, Reuse, computer.software_genre, business, computer
Published
2001

21. Effects of price and pellet type on food waste in mice

Author

Vanessa Minervini, Chad M. Galuska, and Neil E. Rowland

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, Reinforcement Schedule, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Pellets, General Medicine, Feeding Behavior, Animal Feed, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Behavioral Neuroscience, Food waste, Mice, Animal science, Pellet, Environmental science, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Animal Science and Zoology, Fiber, A fibers, Food quality, Reinforcement, Fixed ratio, Edible Grain
Abstract

When laboratory mice are provided with free access to food, they often fragment their food such that it collects on the cage floor – wasted. An operant analysis of food waste, however, has not yet been conducted. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of response requirement and pellet type on food waste using a behavioral economic paradigm. Sixteen mice responded under a series of escalating fixed ratio schedules. Nose pokes were reinforced with either a grain-based pellet or a fiber-based pellet (diluted with non-digestible cellulose) across conditions. We found that mice spilled a greater percent of the total earned pellets at low response requirements. Additionally, mice spilled more fiber-based pellets relative to grain-based pellets. This difference was most pronounced when the fixed ratio requirement was low and was attenuated as the fixed ratio was increased, and this decrease in food waste across prices was well accounted for by an exponential model. Mice may have been extracting the calorically dense components of the fiber-based pellets only when the schedule of reinforcement was rich. When the schedule of reinforcement was lean, responding for a new pellet likely was a more functional behavior than fragmenting a pellet and discarding portions.

Published
2013

22. Technical design report for the $\overline{P}$ ANDA (AntiProton Annihilations at Darmstadt) Straw Tube Tracker

Author

W. Erni, I. Keshelashvili, B. Krusche, M. Steinacher, Y. Heng, Z. Liu, H. Liu, X. Shen, Q. Wang, H. Xu, A. Aab, M. Albrecht, J. Becker, A. Csapó, F. Feldbauer, M. Fink, P. Friedel, F. H. Heinsius, T. Held, L. Klask, H. Koch, B. Kopf, S. Leiber, M. Leyhe, C. Motzko, M. Pelizäus, J. Pychy, B. Roth, T. Schröder, J. Schulze, C. Sowa, M. Steinke, T. Trifterer, U. Wiedner, J. Zhong, R. Beck, S. Bianco, K. T. Brinkmann, C. Hammann, F. Hinterberger, D. Kaiser, R. Kliemt, M. Kube, A. Pitka, T. Quagli, C. Schmidt, R. Schmitz, R. Schnell, U. Thoma, P. Vlasov, D. Walther, C. Wendel, T. Würschig, H. G. Zaunick, A. Bianconi, M. Bragadireanu, M. Caprini, D. Pantea, D. Pantelica, D. Pietreanu, L. Serbina, P. D. Tarta, D. Kaplan, T. Fiutowski, M. Idzik, B. Mindur, D. Przyborowski, K. Swientek, B. Czech, M. Kistryn, S. Kliczewski, A. Kozela, P. Kulessa, P. Lebiedowicz, K. Pysz, W. Schäfer, R. Siudak, A. Szczurek, S. Jowzaee, M. Kajetanowicz, B. Kamys, S. Kistryn, G. Korcyl, K. Korcyl, W. Krzemien, A. Magiera, P. Moskal, M. Palka, Z. Rudy, P. Salabura, J. Smyrski, A. Wrońska, I. Augustin, I. Lehmann, D. Nimorus, G. Schepers, M. Al-Turany, R. Arora, H. Deppe, H. Flemming, A. Gerhardt, K. Götzen, A. F. Jordi, G. Kalicy, R. Karabowicz, D. Lehmann, B. Lewandowski, J. Lühning, F. Maas, H. Orth, M. Patsyuk, K. Peters, T. Saito, C. J. Schmidt, L. Schmitt, C. Schwarz, J. Schwiening, M. Traxler, B. Voss, P. Wieczorek, A. Wilms, M. Zühlsdorf, V. M. Abazov, G. Alexeev, A. Arefiev, V. I. Astakhov, M. Yu. Barabanov, B. V. Batyunya, Yu. I. Davydov, V. Kh. Dodokhov, A. A. Efremov, A. G. Fedunov, A. A. Festchenko, A. S. Galoyan, S. Grigoryan, A. Karmokov, E. K. Koshurnikov, V. I. Lobanov, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, A. F. Makarov, L. V. Malinina, V. L. Malyshev, G. A. Mustafaev, A. Olshevskiy, M. A. Pasyuk, E. A. Perevalova, A. A. Piskun, T. A. Pocheptsov, G. Pontecorvo, V. K. Rodionov, Yu. N. Rogov, R. A. Salmin, A. G. Samartsev, M. G. Sapozhnikov, G. S. Shabratova, A. N. Skachkova, N. B. Skachkov, E. A. Strokovsky, M. K. Suleimanov, R. Sh. Teshev, V. V. Tokmenin, V. V. Uzhinsky, A. S. Vodopyanov, S. A. Zaporozhets, N. I. Zhuravlev, A. G. Zorin, D. Branford, D. Glazier, D. Watts, P. Woods, A. Britting, W. Eyrich, A. Lehmann, F. Uhlig, S. Dobbs, Z. Metreveli, K. Seth, A. Tomaradze, T. Xiao, D. Bettoni, V. Carassiti, A. Cotta Ramusino, P. Dalpiaz, A. Drago, E. Fioravanti, I. Garzia, M. Savriè, G. Stancari, N. Bianchi, P. Gianotti, C. Guaraldo, V. Lucherini, D. Orecchini, E. Pace, A. Bersani, G. Bracco, M. Macri, R. F. Parodi, D. Bremer, V. Dormenev, P. Drexler, M. Düren, T. Eissner, K. Föhl, M. Galuska, T. Gessler, A. Hayrapetyan, J. Hu, P. Koch, B. Kröck, W. Kühn, S. Lange, Y. Liang, O. Merle, V. Metag, M. Moritz, D. Münchow, M. Nanova, R. Novotny, B. Spruck, H. Stenzel, T. Ullrich, M. Werner, C. Euan, M. Hoek, D. Ireland, T. Keri, R. Montgomery, D. Protopopescu, G. Rosner, B. Seitz, M. Babai, A. Glazenborg-Kluttig, M. Kavatsyuk, P. Lemmens, M. Lindemulder, H. Löhner, J. Messchendorp, H. Moeini, P. Schakel, F. Schreuder, H. Smit, G. Tambave, J. C. van der Weele, R. Veenstra, H. Sohlbach, M. Büscher, D. Deermann, R. Dosdall, S. Esch, A. Gillitzer, F. Goldenbaum, D. Grunwald, S. Henssler, A. Herten, Q. Hu, G. Kemmerling, H. Kleines, V. Kozlov, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, M. Mertens, H. Ohm, S. Orfanitski, D. Prasuhn, T. Randriamalala, J. Ritman, M. Röder, S. Schadmand, V. Serdyuk, G. Sterzenbach, T. Stockmanns, P. Wintz, P. Wüstner, J. Kisiel, S. Li, Z. Li, Z. Sun, V. Rigato, S. Fissum, K. Hansen, L. Isaksson, M. Lundin, B. Schröder, P. Achenbach, S. Bleser, U. Cahit, M. Cardinali, A. Denig, M. Distler, M. Fritsch, P. Jasinski, D. Kangh, A. Karavdina, W. Lauth, H. Merkel, M. Michel, M. C. Mora Espi, U. Müller, J. Pochodzalla, S. Sanchez, A. Sanchez-Lorente, S. Schlimme, C. Sfienti, M. Thiel, T. Weber, V. I. Dormenev, A. A. Fedorov, M. V. Korzhik, O. V. Missevitch, V. Balanutsa, V. Chernetsky, A. Demekhin, A. Dolgolenko, P. Fedorets, A. Gerasimov, V. Goryachev, V. Varentsov, A. Boukharov, O. Malyshev, I. Marishev, A. Semenov, F. Böhmer, S. Dørheim, B. Ketzer, S. Paul, A. K. Hergemöller, A. Khoukaz, E. Köhler, A. Täschner, J. Wessels, R. Varma, A. Chaterjee, V. Jha, S. Kailas, B. J. Roy, Y. Yan, K. Chinorat, K. Khanchai, L. Ayut, S. Pomrad, E. Baldin, K. Kotov, S. Peleganchuk, Yu. Tikhonov, J. Boucher, V. Chambert, A. Dbeyssi, M. Gumberidze, T. Hennino, M. Imre, R. Kunne, C. Le Galliard, B. Ma, D. Marchand, A. Maroni, S. Ong, B. Ramstein, P. Rosier, E. Tomasi-Gustafsson, J. Van de Wiele, G. Boca, A. Braghieri, S. Costanza, P. Genova, L. Lavezzi, P. Montagna, A. Rotondi, V. Abramov, N. Belikov, A. Davidenko, A. Derevschikov, Y. Goncharenko, V. Grishin, V. Kachanov, D. Konstantinov, V. Kormilitsin, Y. Melnik, A. Levin, N. Minaev, V. Mochalov, D. Morozov, L. Nogach, S. Poslavskiy, A. Ryazantsev, S. Ryzhikov, P. Semenov, I. Shein, A. Uzunian, A. Vasiliev, A. Yakutin, T. Bäck, B. Cederwall, K. Makónyi, P. E. Tegnér, K. M. von Würtemberg, S. Belostotski, G. Gavrilov, A. Itzotov, A. Kashchuk, A. Kisselev, P. Kravchenko, O. Levitskaya, S. Manaenkov, O. Miklukho, Y. Naryshkin, D. Veretennikov, V. Vikhrov, A. Zhadanov, D. Alberto, A. Amoroso, M. P. Bussa, L. Busso, F. De Mori, M. Destefanis, L. Fava, L. Ferrero, M. Greco, M. Maggiora, S. Marcello, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, L. Zotti, D. Calvo, S. Coli, P. De Remigis, A. Filippi, G. Giraudo, S. Lusso, G. Mazza, O. Morra, A. Rivetti, R. Wheadon, F. Iazzi, A. Lavagno, H. Younis, R. Birsa, F. Bradamante, A. Bressan, A. Martin, H. Clement, B. Galander, L. Caldeira Balkeståhl, H. Calén, K. Fransson, T. Johansson, A. Kupsc, P. Marciniewski, E. Thomé, M. Wolke, J. Zlomanczuk, J. Díaz, A. Ortiz, K. Dmowski, P. Duda, R. Korzeniewski, B. Slowinski, A. Chlopik, Z. Guzik, K. Kosinski, D. Melnychuk, A. Wasilewski, M. Wojciechowski, S. Wronka, A. Wysocka, B. Zwieglinski, P. Bühler, O. N. Hartman, P. Kienle, J. Marton, K. Suzuki, E. Widmann, and J. Zmeskal

Subjects
Straw tube, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, Detector, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, NO, Set (abstract data type), Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, 0103 physical sciences, Trajectory, Benchmark (computing), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Simulation
Abstract

This document describes the technical layout and the expected performance of the Straw Tube Tracker (STT), the main tracking detector of the $\bar{P}$ANDA target spectrometer. The STT encloses a Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) for the inner tracking and is followed in beam direction by a set of GEM stations. The tasks of the STT are the measurement of the particle momentum from the reconstructed trajectory and the measurement of the specific energy loss for a particle identification. Dedicated simulations with full analysis studies of certain proton-antiproton reactions, identified as being benchmark tests for the whole $\bar{P}$ANDA scientific program, have been performed to test the STT layout and performance. The results are presented, and the time lines to construct the STT are described.

Published
2013

23. Assessing the role of effort reduction in the reinforcing efficacy of timeout from avoidance

Author

Jeff Mikorski, Chad M. Galuska, and Michael Perone

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, business.product_category, Reinforcement Schedule, Conditioning, Classical, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Behavioral Neuroscience, Avoidance learning, medicine, Avoidance Learning, Animals, Reinforcement, Research Articles, Lever, Motivation, Impending shock, Association Learning, Time perception, Rats, Time Perception, Cues, business, Timeout, Psychology, Social psychology, Reinforcement, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Rats responded on concurrent schedules of shock-postponement or deletion (avoidance) and timeout from avoidance. In Experiment 1, 3 rats' responses on one lever postponed shocks for 20 s and responses on a second lever produced a 1-min timeout according to a variable-interval 45-s schedule. Across conditions, a warning signal (white noise) was presented 19.5 s, 16 s, 12 s, 8 s, or 4 s before an impending shock. Raising the duration of the warning signal increased both avoidance and timeout response rates. Timeout responding, although positively correlated with avoidance responding, was not correlated with the prevailing shock rate. In Experiment 2, 3 rats' responses on one lever deleted scheduled shocks according to a variable-cycle 30-s schedule and responses on a second lever produced a 2-min timeout as described above. After this baseline condition, the avoidance lever was removed and noncontingent shocks were delivered at intervals yoked to the receipt of shocks in the baseline sessions. Timeout responding decreased when the avoidance lever was removed, even though the shock-frequency reduction afforded by the timeout remained constant. These results suggest that a key factor in the reinforcing efficacy of timeout is suspension of the requirement to work to avoid shock, rather than the reduction in shock frequency associated with timeout.

Published
2012

24. Effects of reinforcer magnitude on response acquisition with unsignaled delayed reinforcement

Author

Amy E. Dawson, Chad M. Galuska, Kaitlyn P. Brierley, and Adam H. Doughty

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Food deprivation, Motivation, Reinforcement Schedule, General Medicine, Audiology, Developmental psychology, Rats, Behavioral Neuroscience, medicine, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Animal Science and Zoology, Rats, Long-Evans, Food pellet, Reinforcement, Psychology, Food Deprivation
Abstract

Sixteen rats received eight 1-h sessions of a tandem fixed-ratio 1 differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior 30-s schedule with reinforcer magnitude at one or six food pellet(s) across groups of eight rats. The larger reinforcer magnitude established the lever press more effectively. First, mean schedule completions differed across groups, in terms of both their overall difference and in their increase across sessions. Second, whereas the larger reinforcer magnitude established reliable response acquisition in all eight rats by the end of the experiment, the smaller reinforcer magnitude only established reliable response acquisition in four of eight rats. The present results systematically replicate earlier findings obtaining more reliable response acquisition with unsignaled delayed reinforcement with greater food deprivation. Taken together, this work demonstrates the influence of motivational variables on response acquisition with unsignaled delayed reinforcement.

Published
2011

25. Response acquisition and fixed-ratio escalation based on interresponse times in rats

Author

Chad M. Galuska, Tracy G. Taylor, Ronald E. See, Kelly M. Banna, and Noushin Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi

Subjects
Male, Appetitive Behavior, Reinforcement Schedule, Adult male, business.industry, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Neuropsychological Tests, Choice Behavior, Rats, Behavioral Neuroscience, Long evans rats, Reward, Food, Anesthesia, Technical Note, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Rats, Long-Evans, Session (computer science), Artificial intelligence, Food pellet, business, Fixed ratio, Psychology
Abstract

The effectiveness of a fixed-ratio (FR) escalation procedure, developed by Pinkston and Branch (2004) and based on interresponse times (IRTs), was assessed during lever-press acquisition. Forty-nine experimentally naive adult male Long Evans rats were deprived of food for 24 hr prior to an extended acquisition session. Before the start of the session, three food pellets were placed in the magazine. Otherwise, no magazine training, shaping, nor autoshaping procedure was employed. The first 20 presses each resulted in the delivery of a 45-mg food pellet. Then, the FR increased (2, 4, 8, 11, 16, 20, 25, 30) when each IRT in the ratio was less than 2 s during three consecutive ratios. Sessions lasted 13 hr or until 500 pellets were earned. On average, rats reached a terminal ratio of 11 (mean) or 16 (median) during the first session. Seven rats reached the maximum value of FR 30 and only one rat did not acquire the response. In most rats, a break-and-run pattern of responding characteristic of FR schedules began to develop in this acquisition session. Subsequently, the ratio-escalation procedure continued during daily 2-hr sessions. In these sessions, the starting ratio requirement was set at the terminal ratio reached in the previous session. Using this procedure, over half (26) of the rats reached the FR 30 requirement by the fourth session. These data demonstrate that a ratio-escalation procedure based on IRTs provides a time-efficient way of establishing ratio responding.

Published
2009

26. Behavioral effects of a synthetic agonist selective for nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptors in monkeys

Author

James H. Woods, Jürgen Wichmann, Eric Prinssen, Chad M. Galuska, Mei-Chuan Ko, and William E. Fantegrossi

Subjects
Agonist, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hot Temperature, medicine.drug_class, Narcotic Antagonists, NOP, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Pain, Pharmacology, Nociceptin Receptor, Article, Piperidines, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Spiro Compounds, Opioid peptide, Receptor, Behavior, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Chemistry, Cebranopadol, Pruritus, Imidazoles, Receptor antagonist, Macaca mulatta, Naltrexone, Analgesics, Opioid, Psychiatry and Mental health, Nociceptin receptor, Endocrinology, Opioid, Receptors, Opioid, Benzimidazoles, Female, Alfentanil, Capsaicin, Respiratory Insufficiency, Reinforcement, Psychology, medicine.drug, Central Nervous System Agents
Abstract

Behavioral effects of a nonpeptidic NOP (nociceptin/orphanin FQ Peptide) receptor agonist, Ro 64-6198, have not been studied in primate species. The aim of the study was to verify the receptor mechanism underlying the behavioral effects of Ro 64-6198 and to systematically compare behavioral effects of Ro 64-6198 with those of a mu-opioid receptor agonist, alfentanil, in monkeys. Both Ro 64-6198 (0.001-0.06 mg/kg, s.c.) and alfentanil (0.001-0.06 mg/kg, s.c.) produced antinociception against an acute noxious stimulus (50 degrees C water) and capsaicin-induced allodynia. An NOP receptor antagonist, J-113397 (0.01-0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), dose-dependently produced rightward shifts of the dose-response curve of Ro 64-6198-induced antinociception. The apparent pA(2) value of J-113397 was 8.0. Antagonist studies using J-113397 and naltrexone revealed that Ro 64-6198 produced NOP receptor-mediated antinociception independent of mu-opioid receptors. In addition, alfentanil dose-dependently produced respiratory depression and itch/scratching responses, but antinociceptive doses of Ro 64-6198 did not produce such effects. More important, Ro 64-6198 did not produce reinforcing effects comparable with those of alfentanil, cocaine, or methohexital under self-administration procedures in monkeys. These results provide the first functional evidence that the activation of NOP receptors produces antinociception without reinforcing effects in primates. Non-peptidic NOP receptor agonists may have therapeutic value as novel analgesics without abuse liability in humans.

Published
2009

27. Stimulation of GRP78 gene transcription by phorbol ester and cAMP in GH3 pituitary cells. The accommodation of protein synthesis to chronic deprivation of intracellular sequestered calcium

Author

E M Galuska-Malara, M A Brostrom, C O Brostrom, and C R Prostko

Subjects
Messenger RNA, Cell culture, Transcription (biology), Endoplasmic reticulum, Protein biosynthesis, Promoter, Cell Biology, Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular biology, Intracellular, Actin
Abstract

GRP78/BiP resides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a major site of Ca2+ sequestration and early protein processing. Agents, such as ionophore A23187, that mobilize sequestered ER Ca2+ suppress translational initiation within minutes and induce GRP78 within 1-3 h accompanied by development of translational tolerance to the inhibitor. Accommodation is prevented by actinomycin D and reduced by antisense oligonucleotides directed against GRP78 mRNA. In GH3 cells, optimal induction of GRP78 and translational accommodation depended on cAMP elevation and phorbol ester. GRP78 mRNA was induced 3-6-fold with A23187 alone as compared with 12-20-fold with ionophore plus cAMP-elevating agent and phorbol ester, but was not markedly induced without A23187. GRP78 gene transcription in nuclei isolated from A23187-treated cells was increased 2-4-fold by cAMP and phorbol ester. A nucleotide sequence homologous to the cAMP-responsive element consensus potentially exists in the promoter region of the GRP78 gene. GRP78 mRNA in ionophore-treated cells was largely associated with mono- and polysomal fractions rather than ribonuclear protein particles, a distribution different from actin and tubulin mRNAs. While polysomal content increased in cells undergoing translational recovery, cAMP and phorbol esters did not affect GRP78 mRNA stability. Translational accommodation in ionophore-treated GH3 cells is proposed to involve enhanced transcription of GRP78 mRNA promoted by cAMP/phorbol ester in conjunction with preferential polysomal loading of the message.

Published
1991

28. Engineering for the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) End-cap

Author

Christopher Lester, P. J. Bell, P. Sutcliffe, J. Fuster, Stephen Gibson, E. Spencer, D John, Richard Nisius, G. Tratzl, M Van Ovenbeek, D. Hauff, J. Freestone, S. Eckert, Marcin Wladyslaw Wolter, José Bernabéu, M. Donega, L E Batchelor, Alexander Grillo, Els Koffeman, E Berbee, L. Sospedra, M. Postranecky, T J Fraser, Carlos Escobar, M. Lockwood, G. Gorfine, T. Huse, Vaclav Vacek, Stanislav Pospisil, Matthew Warren, I Wilmut, M Galuska, P Kubík, Heinz Pernegger, Sofia Chouridou, J N Jackson, Phillip Allport, J. M. Foster, J. Blocki, B. Sopko, J. Bohm, I. P. Duerdoth, Robert Szczygiel, M. Tyndel, G. H. A. Viehhauser, V. Kral, Mark Hodgkinson, J. Kaplon, P. Weilhammer, M. Ibbotson, Fred Gannaway, M. Maassen, B Moreno, Jan Jakubek, H. Schuijlenburg, P. Wetzel, S. W. Snow, Trevor Vickey, A. R. Weidberg, A. J.M. Muijs, J. Benes, M. Wormald, Peter Kodys, C. P. Ward, E. Capocci, Richard Bates, J. Ludwig, Vasiliki A Mitsou, G.A. Beck, C Locket, S. Marti-Garcia, K. Runge, A. G. Clark, Francis Anghinolfi, D. Joos, G Marshall, S. Moed, A. Nichols, C Vu, M. Limper, Dave Robinson, G Burton, O. Dorholt, M. Wachler, P. Johansson, O. K. Øye, J. Dalmau, A. Lintern, R Leguyt, C. Heusch, P Ferrari, B. Smith, Jochen Schieck, John Morris, Joost Vossebeld, V Strachko, A. Moszczynski, A Austin, N. Kundu, Ladislav Andricek, R Buis, Bettina Mikulec, Pierre Jarron, Philip Phillips, Bjarne Stugu, A. Zsenei, R Moles, I. Ludwig, M. Dwuznik, David Howell, R. Fortin, M Karagoz-Unel, G. Southern, J. Meinhardt, R.L. Wastie, J. Fopma, Marek Stodulski, F. Doherty, Saverio D'Auria, M. J. Palmer, V. R. Lacuesta, D.J. Mcphail, Miguel Ullan, B. Mohn, J. Stastny, S Temple, Aidan Robson, J Slatter, John Hill, P. Modesto, T. J. Brodbeck, M Harris, J. A. Wilson, A. P. Colijn, M. Weber, Tim Jones, C. Ketterer, Stefan Koperny, Paul Dervan, M. Mangin-Brinet, Kazuhiko Hara, J. Kudlaty, Filomeno Sanchez, M. Olcese, Fred Hartjes, J.V. Civera, S Butterworth, D. Muskett, G Simm, N P Hessey, R Rodriguez-Oliete, V. Sopko, Richard French, J Brož, Gregor Kramberger, P S Wells, H Kok, Susumu Terada, K. M. Danielsen, Lutz Feld, J. Tarrant, I. Ilyashenko, J P Pieron, I Šteckl, Kondo Gnanvo, G. F. Moorhead, L. Haddad, A O Solberg, M. Jones, Richard Nickerson, M Sowinski, S. Lenz, T. Hayler, P Řezníček, P. Barclay, Martin White, K Mistry, Ian Dawson, Davide Costanzo, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, J. Joseph, Alexander Cheplakov, Paul Hodgson, J. J. F. Buskop, Stephen Haywood, P. de Jong, T. Kohriki, Yoichi Ikegami, P. Cooke, R. C. Jared, J. Morin, W. J. Murray, Katharine Leney, T. I. Hollins, A. Chilingarov, J. Siegrist, V. Koukol, Siegfried Bethke, Yoshinobu Unno, W. Lau, G. Lutz, T Horažiovský, A A Carter, E. van der Kraaij, F. McEwan, Alden Stradling, S. Roe, Heling Zhu, W. H. Bell, J. E. GarcíaNavarro, W Kuilman, Daniel Tovey, D.P.S. Ferguson, Jacqueline Batley, A. Jones, M. Doubrava, I. Messmer, K. Heinzinger, S W Lindsay, J Nacher, Val O'Shea, Kirill Prokofiev, J Noviss, N E Thresher, P. N. Ratoff, Manuel Lozano, J Homna, Cigdem Issever, J Zimmer, A. Belymam, D L Evans, I. Mercer, Maksym Titov, Alessandra Ciocio, Abraham Seiden, C. Macwaters, R. Duxfield, G. Hughes, H. Sandaker, S. Paganis, Sergio Gonzalez-Sevilla, Dave Charlton, V Fadeyev, A. Macpherson, K. Liebicher, M. Mikuž, Karl Jakobs, Michael Andrew Parker, J Rövenkamp, M. J. Goodrick, Shih-Chang Lee, Z Doležal, A Reitmeijer, H. Becker, N. A. Smith, T. Atkinson, Vladimir Cindro, Ulrich Parzefall, Robert Richter, M Curtis-Rous, Carlos Lacasta, C. Nelson, C.A. Magrath, Adlène Hicheur, E. Gornicki, Helmuth Spieler, C Snippe, Didier Ferrere, D. Naito, T. Pritchard, Marco Costa, M.D. Gibson, P.R. Turner, C Dabinett, Sau Lan Wu, A. W. Phillips, Anna Sfyrla, H. G. Moser, Ping-Kun Teng, Andrej Gorišek, B.J. Gallop, F.E.W. Heinemann, P. Coe, Xin Wu, E. Dobson, G. N. Taylor, P Ford, J. Matheson, A. Korporaal, M. L. Chu, Monica D'Onofrio, F. K. Loebinger, Igor Mandić, P. Jovanovic, G. P. Tappern, B. M. Hawes, O. Jusko, Ewa Stanecka, Joleen Pater, Richard Brenner, A. Abdesselam, Z Liang, A. Robichaud-Veronneau, D. Macina, T Kondo, K. Poltorak, Reisaburo Tanaka, D. Fasching, R Takashima, L. E. Lindquist, P Beneš, C Duisters, P. Malecki, Rainer Wallny, Z. Kohout, Hartmut Sadrozinski, A. Mitra, G Rolfe, R. Holt, E. G. Villani, M. Turala, Kevin M. Smith, M. Wiesmann, Joern Grosse-Knetter, T Slavíéek, Michael Solar, P. Werneke, Bruce Mellado, J. R. Carter, B. Munneke, Jan Godlewski, S. Gregory, T. Vu Anh, Itsuo Nakano, Harald Fox, M. Chamizo, S. Mima, E. Perrin, C. Raine, A. Greenall, R. J. Thompson, Carmen García, R. J. Apsimon, S. Stapnes, Craig Buttar, D. Greenfield, Vladimír Linhart, D. Chren, A Saavedra, Z J Blaszczak, P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom, F. Gonzalez, Alan Barr, J. Jusko, C. Gryska, C. Carpentieri, J.P. Bizzell, Koichi Nagai, Lars Eklund, B Anderson, Steve McMahon, N. Bingefors, G. F.M. Martinez-Mckinney, Jonathan Butterworth, Alessandro Tricoli, Clark, Allan Geoffrey, Donega, Mauro, D'Onofrio, Monica, Ferrere, Didier, Macina-Buono, Daniela, Mangin-Brinet, Mariane, Mikulec, Bettina, Moed, Shulamit, Perrin, Eric, Robichaud-Veronneau, Andrée, Sfyrla, Anna, Vu Anh, Tuan, and Wu, Xin

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, Barrel (horology), Electrical engineering, Cryogenics, ddc:500.2, Tracking (particle physics), Overall mechanics design, Transition radiation detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, Atlas (anatomy), Particle tracking detectors, medicine, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Detector design and construction technologies and materials, Engineering design process, business, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) is a silicon-strip tracking detector which forms part of the ATLAS inner detector. The SCT is designed to track charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN at an energy of 14 TeV. The tracker is made up of a central barrel and two identical end-caps. The barrel contains 2112 silicon modules, while each end-cap contains 988 modules. The overall tracking performance depends not only on the intrinsic measurement precision of the modules but also on the characteristics of the whole assembly, in particular, the stability and the total material budget. This paper describes the engineering design and construction of the SCT end-caps, which are required to support mechanically the silicon modules, supply services to them and provide a suitable environment within the inner detector. Critical engineering choices are highlighted and innovative solutions are presented - these will be of interest to other builders of large-sca e tracking detectors. The SCT end-caps will be fully connected at the start of 2008. Further commissioning will continue, to be ready for proton-proton collision data in 2008. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.

Published
2008

29. The integration and engineering of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrel

Author

Didier Ferrere, Vaclav Vacek, Francis Anghinolfi, Marco Costa, Stanislav Pospisil, Oleg Brandt, B.G. Smith, S. Marti i Garcia, Sofia Chouridou, Alison Holmes, J. Kaplon, Maria Smizanska, A. Tricoli, Fred Gannaway, Bjarne Stugu, Sau Lan Wu, A. W. Phillips, J. P. Bizzell, M. Dehchar, Saverio D'Auria, E. Spencer, J. Benes, Jan Jakubek, Anna Sfyrla, Jacqueline Batley, P. Modesto, G. Barbier, C. Ketterer, T. Maruyama, I. Ludwig, M. Dwuznik, Andrej Gorišek, Daniel Scheirich, P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom, Richard Bates, Ping-Kun Teng, A. Belymam, Richard Nisius, C. P. Ward, D. Joos, Richard French, M. Doubrava, E. G. Villani, Heling Zhu, R. Duxfield, Christian Weiser, John Morris, J. Broz, P. Weilhammer, J. M. Foster, Pavel Reznicek, T. Huse, Alan Barr, F.E.W. Heinemann, James Catmore, T. Hansl-Kozanecka, Fumihiko Ukegawa, Hartmut Sadrozinski, Christopher Lester, Z. Drásal, DJ Attree, P. N. Ratoff, C. Carpentieri, Maksym Titov, M. L. Chu, A. Bangert, J. Jusko, B. Sopko, O. K. Øye, P. J. Bell, Stefan Valkar, G. Hughes, C. N. Booth, P. Sutcliffe, J. Fuster, Christos Anastopoulos, H. Sandaker, V. Sopko, S W Lindsay, F. Fawzi, Stephen Gibson, J. Blocki, I. Wilmut, Siegfried Bethke, S. Stapnes, Andrea Catinaccio, G. Llosa Llacer, B. Demirkoz, S. Roe, Trevor Vickey, I. Wilhelm, R. C. W. Henderson, O. Dorholt, D.P.S. Ferguson, I. P. Duerdoth, Robert Szczygiel, M. Tyndel, Alessandra Ciocio, A O Solberg, Craig Buttar, A. P. Vorobiev, C. Lockett, M.J. Goodrick, Vladimir Cindro, J. Schieck, F. K. Loebinger, Robert Richter, Val O'Shea, G. Gorfine, Michael Andrew Parker, N. Kundu, Vladimír Linhart, T. W. Jones, M. Harris, Dave Charlton, Takahiko Kondo, D. Greenfield, S. Gonzalez-Sevilla, Phillip Allport, J. Meinhardt, D. Chren, O. Jusko, R.L. Wastie, V. Kral, M. Ibbotson, Zhihua Liang, R. Lefèvre, Karl Jakobs, I. Messmer, Anthony Keith Morley, Ladislav Andricek, Efstathios Paganis, S. McMahon, T. J. Sloan, V. R. Lacuesta, J. Fopma, J. Mistry, M Galuska, Kazuhiko Hara, R. Härtel, E. Gornicki, Joleen Pater, R. Holt, Richard Nickerson, J. Stastny, Peter Kodys, B. Mohn, Heinz Pernegger, T. Kohriki, A. Jones, I. Stekl, Helmuth Spieler, K. Nagai, Zdenek Dolezal, J. Dalmau, Shinhong Kim, P.W. Phillips, Ulrich Parzefall, A. G. Kholodenko, S. Moed, Alexander Cheplakov, Bettina Mikulec, Pierre Jarron, T. Horazdovsky, A. J. Lintern, Kazunori Hanagaki, Vakhtang Kartvelishvili, Tim Jones, M. Mangin-Brinet, Paul Hodgson, S. R. Hou, S. Mima, P. Kubik, L E Batchelor, Cigdem Issever, Ian Dawson, N. Austin, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, J. Joseph, Katharine Leney, E. Perrin, Carlos Lacasta, Evelina Vassileva Bouhova-Thacker, V. Koukol, Yasuyoshi Nagai, J. Morin, W. J. Murray, Monica D'Onofrio, T. J. Brodbeck, S. Gonzalez, M. Limper, B. R. Mellado Garcia, D. Fasching, R. Ely, S. Gadomski, A. Greenall, T. I. Hollins, J. Cox, R. J. Thompson, K. M. Danielsen, S. Díez Cornell, Lars Eklund, A A Carter, Joaquin Santander, Sergey Burdin, Lutz Feld, M. C. Morrissey, J. Lynn, Carmen García, W. Lau, G. Lutz, A. Robichaud-Veronneau, A. Hicheur, G. H. A. Viehhauser, Alden Stradling, Kirill Prokofiev, D. Hauff, W. H. Bell, G. F.M. Martinez-Mckinney, Martin White, M. Lozano Fantoba, M. Jones, B. M. Hawes, G. J. Tappern, D. Macina, M. C. Morone, P. Benes, R. Apsimon, Stefan Kluth, N P Hessey, Ewa Stanecka, T. Hayler, L. Sospedra Suay, C.A. Magrath, P. Barclay, Jonathan Butterworth, M. Mikuž, A. G. Clark, M. J. Palmer, Els Koffeman, Yoshinobu Unno, Roger Jones, M. Maaßen, Stephen Haywood, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, Abraham Seiden, T. Atkinson, P. Malecki, Giulio Pellegrini, P Ferrari, M. Turala, T.J. Fraser, Ryuichi Takashima, K. Poltorak, M. Karagoz Unel, A. Nichols, A. Macpherson, P. Ford, Rainer Wallny, N. Ghodbane, M. Olcese, Z. Kohout, M. Miñano, M. Olivo Gomez, R. C. Jared, M. Webel, Stefan Koperny, Fred Hartjes, D. Robinson, J. Freestone, Koji Nakamura, M. Wiesmann, C. Haber, S. Eckert, Reisaburo Tanaka, T. Vu Anh, Z. Broklova, M. Chamizo Llatas, V. N. Riadovikov, Itsuo Nakano, Harald Fox, J. D. Dowell, D. Naito, Joern Grosse-Knetter, G. F. Moorhead, Vaclav Vrba, M. Donega, Mark Hodgkinson, R. M. Moles Valls, Sophio Pataraia, T. Holy, A. P. Colijn, S. W. Snow, Paul Dervan, J. E. García Navarro, Carlos Escobar, B. Ottewell, Michael Solar, P. Werneke, Vitaliy Fadeyev, P. Johansson, T. J. McMahon, J. R. Carter, C. Dabinett, Shih-Chang Lee, P S Wells, J. A. Wilson, Tomas Slavicek, M. Ullan Comes, J.V. Civera, L. G. Johansen, M D Gibson, T. Pritchard, B.J. Gallop, Britt Anderson, J. Tarrant, J. Bohm, E. van der Kraaij, E. Dobson, G. N. Taylor, Daniel Tovey, C. Macwaters, Joost Vossebeld, T. Göttfert, A. Moszczynski, David Howell, R. Fortin, Javier Sánchez, H. G. Moser, Marcin Wladyslaw Wolter, Alexander Grillo, J. Matheson, R. Nicholson, N. Kerschen, Davide Costanzo, Yoichi Ikegami, S. D. Dixon, Igor Mandić, P. Jovanovic, A. Abdesselam, Marc Weber, C. Nelson, A. R. Weidberg, A. J.M. Muijs, Vasiliki A Mitsou, G.A. Beck, J. Bernabeu, A. Zsenei, Marek Stodulski, P. Webb, John Hill, Gregor Kramberger, Susumu Terada, E. Capocci, P. de Jong, K. Sedlak, A. Chilingarov, S. N. Tovey, Barbier, Gerard, Chamizo Llatas, Maria, Clark, Allan Geoffrey, Donega, Mauro, D'Onofrio, Monica, Ferrere, Didier, Gadomski, Szymon, Macina-Buono, Daniela, Mangin-Brinet, Mariane, Mikulec, Bettina, Moed, Shulamit, Morone, Maria Cristina, Perrin, Eric, Robichaud-Veronneau, Andrée, Sfyrla, Anna, Vu Anh, Tuan, and Zsenei, Andras

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Integration testing, Detector, Emphasis (telecommunications), Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Electrical engineering, Barrel (horology), Mechanical engineering, ddc:500.2, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Semiconductor detector, Transition radiation detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, Atlas (anatomy), Particle tracking detectors, medicine, Solid state detectors, Detector design and construction technologies and materials, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Engineering design process, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) was built in three sections: a barrel and two end-caps. This paper describes the design, construction and final integration of the barrel section. The barrel is constructed around four nested cylinders that provide a stable and accurate support structure for the 2112 silicon modules and their associated services. The emphasis of this paper is directed at the aspects of engineering design that turned a concept into a fully-functioning detector, as well as the integration and testing of large sub-sections of the final SCT barrel detector. The paper follows the chronology of the construction. The main steps of the assembly are described with the results of intermediate tests. The barrel service components were developed and fabricated in parallel so that a flow of detector modules, cooling loops, opto-harnesses and Frequency-Scanning-Interferometry (FSI) alignment structures could be assembled onto the four cylinders. Once finished, each cylinder was conveyed to the next site for the mounting of modules to form a complete single barrel. Extensive electrical and thermal function tests were carried out on the completed single barrels. In the next stage, the four single barrels and thermal enclosures were combined into the complete SCT barrel detector so that it could be integrated with the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) barrel to form the central part of the ATLAS inner detector. Finally, the completed SCT barrel was tested together with the TRT barrel in noise tests and using cosmic rays. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.

Published
2008

30. Modification of ethanol's reinforcing effectiveness in rhesus monkeys by cocaine, flunitrazepam, or gamma-hydroxybutyrate

Author

Steven R. Hursh, Gail Winger, and Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
Drug, Male, Reinforcement Schedule, medicine.drug_class, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Self Administration, Flunitrazepam, Pharmacology, Hypnotic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cocaine, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, mental disorders, medicine, Animals, Drug Interactions, GABA Modulators, media_common, Ethanol, Behavior, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Addiction, Central Nervous System Depressants, Gamma hydroxybutyrate, Macaca mulatta, Behavior, Addictive, Anticonvulsant, chemistry, Injections, Intravenous, Female, Psychology, Self-administration, Sodium Oxybate, medicine.drug
Abstract

Although ethanol is frequently used in combination with other psychoactive drugs, the behavioral and pharmacological reasons for this form of polydrug abuse have not been well described.Rhesus monkeys with indwelling intravenous catheters produced intravenous injections of ethanol (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/inj), flunitrazepam (0.001-0.03 mg/kg/inj), cocaine (0.01 or 0.03 mg/kg/inj), or combinations of ethanol and these drugs or gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB) (1.0 or 3.2 mg/kg/inj) by lever pressing according to a fixed-ratio schedule. The response requirement for each drug or drug combination was increased across sessions (10, 32, 100, 320, or 1,000). The dependent variables were rates of responding maintained by the drug or drug combination and the elasticity of drug demand when consumption was expressed as a function of price.Elasticity (P (max)) values for each drug varied among the monkeys but retained the same rank order for the monkeys, suggesting a fundamental difference in the animals' apparent sensitivities to the reinforcing effects of the drugs. Combining ethanol with the other drugs did not increase their reinforcing effectiveness. GHB (ineffective in previous studies) did not modify ethanol's reinforcing effects; demand functions for the combination of ethanol and flunitrazepam were slightly less elastic than for ethanol alone, but no different from that for flunitrazepam alone; adding ethanol to cocaine detracted from the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine.The hypothesis that use of ethanol in combination with sedative and stimulant drugs is due to an ability of ethanol to enhance the reinforcing effects of these drugs is not supported.

Published
2006

31. Relative reinforcing effects of cocaine, remifentanil, and their combination in rhesus monkeys

Author

Chad M. Galuska, Gail Winger, James H. Woods, and Steven R. Hursh

Subjects
Drug, Male, media_common.quotation_subject, Remifentanil, Pharmacology, Cocaine, Piperidines, Intravenous catheter, Reaction Time, Medicine, Potency, Animals, media_common, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Drug infusion, Macaca mulatta, Drug Combinations, Anesthesia, Molecular Medicine, Female, business, Reinforcement, Psychology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Human polydrug abusers often take combinations of opioids and stimulants, but it is not clear why. Behavioral economics with demand curve analysis is uniquely able to separate two of the possibilities: that the drug combination increases the reinforcing potency of the component drugs or that the drug combination is a more effective reinforcer than either drug alone. Rhesus monkeys self-administered a range of doses of cocaine, remifentanil, and combinations of the drugs through indwelling intravenous catheters; the number of responses required for each drug infusion increased across drug-availability sessions. Combining small doses of cocaine and remifentanil that by themselves resulted in very low rates of responding yielded rates of responding that were higher than the maximum maintained by any dose of the constituent drugs. Nevertheless, demand curve analysis demonstrated that the drug combination was equally elastic as the component drugs, indicating that it was not more effective as a reinforcer than either cocaine or remifentanil alone. This suggests that enhanced self-administration of this particular drug combination is due primarily to the drug enhancement of the potency of the other drug.

Published
2006

32. Behavioral Perspectives on the Neuroscience of Drug Addiction

Author

James H. Woods, Tammy Wade-Galuska, Gail Winger, and Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
Drug, Drugs of abuse, Section IV: Neural and Behavioral Analyses of Learning-Related Brain Circuitry and Addiction, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Dopamine, Conditioning, Classical, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Globus Pallidus, Brain mapping, Behavioral Neuroscience, Mice, Reward, Thalamus, mental disorders, medicine, Animals, Humans, Reinforcement, media_common, Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Brain Mapping, Motivation, Illicit Drugs, Addiction, Mental Disorders, Research, Brain, medicine.disease, Corpus Striatum, Substance abuse, Premise, Nerve Net, Addictive behavior, Psychology, Neuroscience
Abstract

Neuroscientific approaches to drug addiction traditionally have been based on the premise that addiction is a process that results from brain changes that in turn result from chronic administration of drugs of abuse. An alternative approach views drug addiction as a behavioral disorder in which drugs function as preeminent reinforcers. Although there is a fundamental discrepancy between these two approaches, the emerging neuroscience of reinforcement and choice behavior eventually may shed light on the brain mechanisms involved in excessive drug use. Behavioral scientists could assist in this understanding by devoting more attention to the assessment of differences in the reinforcing strength of drugs and by attempting to develop and validate behavioral models of addiction.

Published
2005

33. The economics of drug abuse: a quantitative assessment of drug demand

Author

Gail Winger, James H. Woods, Steven R. Hursh, and Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
Consumption (economics), Drug, Behavior, Public economics, Extramural, Illicit Drugs, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Pharmacology, Behavioral economics, medicine.disease, Substance abuse, Key factors, Conceptual framework, Behavior Therapy, Quantitative assessment, medicine, Molecular Medicine, Animals, Humans, Drug Interactions, Psychology, media_common
Abstract

Behavioral economic concepts have proven useful for an overall understanding of the regulation of behavior by environmental commodities and complements a pharmacological perspective on drug abuse in several ways. First, a quantitative assessment of drug demand, equated in terms of drug potency, allows meaningful comparisons to be made among drug reinforcers within and across pharmacological classes. Second, behavioral economics provides a conceptual framework for understanding key factors, both pharmacological and environmental, that contribute to reductions in consumption of illicit drugs. Finally, behavioral economics provides a basis for generalization from laboratory and clinical studies to the development of novel behavioral and pharmacological therapies.

Published
2005

34. Advancing Behaviorism in a Judeo-Christian Culture

Author

Chad M. Galuska

Subjects
Politics, Psychoanalysis, media_common.quotation_subject, Judeo-Christian, Behaviorism, Opposition (politics), Environmental ethics, Darwinism, Dogmatic theology, Human cloning, Psychology, Persecution, media_common
Abstract

The relationship between science and religion has been described as warfare (Draper, 1874/1897; White, 1896/1960). This characterization is undoubtedly too strong. Indeed, Gould (1999) has argued that it is false, fueled more by political agendas than historical fact. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that conflicts between science and religion have occurred, and often have been well publicized. The trial of Galileo in 1633 is perhaps the prime example of the persecution of science by a dogmatic theology. Three centuries later, opposition to Darwinian thought resulted in the media circus surrounding the Scopes vs. Tennessee (1925) trial. Today, fundamentalist Christians in some parts of the United States continue to oppose the teaching of evolution in public schools, and new conflicts are emerging where science has outpaced the current system of ethics, such as in the case of human cloning.

Published
2003

35. Stimulation of GRP78 gene transcription by phorbol ester and cAMP in GH3 pituitary cells. The accommodation of protein synthesis to chronic deprivation of intracellular sequestered calcium

Author

C R, Prostko, M A, Brostrom, E M, Galuska-Malara, and C O, Brostrom

Subjects
Transcription, Genetic, Pituitary Gland, Protein Biosynthesis, Cyclic AMP, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Calcium, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, RNA, Messenger, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Calcimycin, Cell Line
Abstract

GRP78/BiP resides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a major site of Ca2+ sequestration and early protein processing. Agents, such as ionophore A23187, that mobilize sequestered ER Ca2+ suppress translational initiation within minutes and induce GRP78 within 1-3 h accompanied by development of translational tolerance to the inhibitor. Accommodation is prevented by actinomycin D and reduced by antisense oligonucleotides directed against GRP78 mRNA. In GH3 cells, optimal induction of GRP78 and translational accommodation depended on cAMP elevation and phorbol ester. GRP78 mRNA was induced 3-6-fold with A23187 alone as compared with 12-20-fold with ionophore plus cAMP-elevating agent and phorbol ester, but was not markedly induced without A23187. GRP78 gene transcription in nuclei isolated from A23187-treated cells was increased 2-4-fold by cAMP and phorbol ester. A nucleotide sequence homologous to the cAMP-responsive element consensus potentially exists in the promoter region of the GRP78 gene. GRP78 mRNA in ionophore-treated cells was largely associated with mono- and polysomal fractions rather than ribonuclear protein particles, a distribution different from actin and tubulin mRNAs. While polysomal content increased in cells undergoing translational recovery, cAMP and phorbol esters did not affect GRP78 mRNA stability. Translational accommodation in ionophore-treated GH3 cells is proposed to involve enhanced transcription of GRP78 mRNA promoted by cAMP/phorbol ester in conjunction with preferential polysomal loading of the message.

Published
1991

36. The evaporative cooling system for the ATLAS inner detector

Author

C. Menot, E. Vigeolas, F. McEwan, R. Apsimon, V. Sopko, Siegfried Wenig, J. Thadome, H. Sandaker, S L Nielsen, K. Fowler, A C Smith, J. Tarrant, Danilo Giugni, R. Nicholson, P Ferrari, A. Nichols, S W Lindsay, F Perez-Gomez, S Butterworth, M D Gibson, J. T. Fraser, S. McMahon, P Feraudet, E. Perrin, O. Dorholt, J P Bizzel, Tim Jones, F. Doherty, E. Anderssen, L E Batchelor, L. Luisa, A A Carter, P Bonneau, Leonardo Paolo Rossi, M. Turala, K. Egorov, Richard French, E Danilevich, P. Barclay, Jonathan Butterworth, N. Dixon, J. Kaplon, DJ Attree, Britt Anderson, S. Stapnes, Andrea Catinaccio, G Gariano, P S Wells, B. T. Gorski, John Verlin Morris, M. Doubrava, N. Massol, Koichi Nagai, M. Olcese, A. C. Falou, J N Jackson, P. Werneke, R. J. Hawkings, S Infante, J. R. Carter, P E Nordahl, Jan Godlewski, Stephen Haywood, S Katunin, J. Bendotti, M. Battistin, E. van der Kraaij, Daniel Tovey, H. O. Danielsson, M. Tyndel, A Rovani, A. Bitadze, S. D. Dixon, Richard Nickerson, N. Hartman, M. G. D. Gilchriese, M. Parodi, J. Mistry, M Galuska, Gregory David Hallewell, Heinz Pernegger, F Corbaz, S Berry, D. Muskett, N P Hessey, Vaclav Vacek, Kevin Einsweiler, I Gousakov, E Ruscino, Fred Gannaway, Richard Bates, Marek Stodulski, V Akhnazarov, G. H. A. Viehhauser, M Bosteels, I. Ilyashenko, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ATLAS

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Mechanical engineering, Cryogenics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle detector, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, ATLAS experiment, Detector, Electrical engineering, Semiconductor detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Evaporative cooler
Abstract

This paper describes the evaporative system used to cool the silicon detector structures of the inner detector sub-detectors of the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The motivation for an evaporative system, its design and construction are discussed. In detail the particular requirements of the ATLAS inner detector, technical choices and the qualification and manufacture of final components are addressed. Finally results of initial operational tests are reported. Although the entire system described, the paper focuses on the on-detector aspects. Details of the evaporative cooling plant will be discussed elsewhere. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.

Published
2008

37. Calcium-dependent regulation of protein synthesis at translational initiation in eukaryotic cells

Author

Khew-Voon Chin, E M Galuska, M A Brostrom, C O Brostrom, and C Cade

Subjects
Translation (biology), Cell Biology, Cycloheximide, Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular biology, Cell biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, EGTA, chemistry, Polysome, Transcription preinitiation complex, Protein biosynthesis, Initiation factor, Elongation, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Evidence that Ca2+ may serve as a physiologic regulator of post-transcriptional protein synthesis was recently reported (Brostrom, C. O., Bocckino, S. B., Brostrom, M. A., and Galuska, E. M. (1986) Mol. Pharmacol. 29, 104-111). To evaluate further the role of Ca2+ in translation, the polysomal contents of Ca2+-depleted and -restored GH3 pituitary cells were compared. Ca2+ depletion of intact cells with 1 mM EGTA resulted in the disappearance of polysomes and an accumulation of 80 S monosomes and ribosomal subunits typical of slowed rates of initiation. Ca2+ repletion rapidly (minutes) restored cellular polysomal contents with an accompanying accumulation of 43 S preinitiation complex (40 S.eukaryotic initiation factor 2.Met-tRNAf.GTP). Comparable polysomal profiles were found for Ca2+-depleted and -restored cells exposed to cycloheximide which apparently slowed polypeptide chain elongation to rate-limiting values in the overall translation process. Ribosomal transit times for both Ca2+-depleted and -restored cells were identical, indicating that elongation is not directly affected by the cation. Transit times were extended in parallel as a function of increasing cycloheximide concentration. Lysates of GH3 cells exhibited incorporation that was proportional to the polysomal contents derived from the original intact cell preparations. Such lysates did not possess the ability to initiate new peptide synthesis and were not affected by Ca2+ or EGTA. Ca2+-depleted cells exposed to cycloheximide provided lysates with identical elongation activity to that of lysates prepared from either comparably treated or control Ca2+-restored cells. Ca2+ is proposed to regulate translation in intact cells through modulation of the rate of initiation rather than either polypeptide chain elongation or termination.

Published
1987

38. Regulation of protein synthesis in isolated hepatocytes by calcium-mobilizing hormones

Author

C O, Brostrom, S B, Bocckino, M A, Brostrom, and E M, Galuska

Subjects
Male, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Epinephrine, Vasopressins, Rats, Inbred Strains, In Vitro Techniques, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Tritium, Hormones, Rats, Liver, Leucine, Protein Biosynthesis, Animals, Calcium, Magnesium, Amino Acids, Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Egtazic Acid, Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
Abstract

The incorporation of leucine into protein was studied in Ca2+-depleted and Ca2+-restored preparations of normal liver cells isolated from fed, adult male rats. Ca2+-restored cells incorporated amino acid 5-10-fold more rapidly than did Ca2+-depleted cells for incubation periods up to 1 hr. Readdition of Ca2+ at supraphysiologic concentrations (3 mM) to depleted cells restored the rate of incorporation within 8-10 min, whereas lesser concentrations of the cation acted more slowly. Vasopressin and alpha-adrenergic agonists rapidly (in minutes) inhibited amino acid incorporation to variable degrees in liver cells, with pronounced inhibitions (40-75%) occurring at moderate (0.1-1 mM) extracellular Ca2+ concentrations and smaller inhibitions (10-30%) occurring at supraphysiologic concentrations of the cation. Hormonally produced inhibitions were more intense at acid pH than at alkaline pH. The effects of epinephrine were mediated through alpha 1-adrenergic receptors and were not additive with those of vasopressin at saturating concentrations. It is proposed that these hormones, which are known to mobilize sequestered Ca2+ within liver cells, inhibit amino acid incorporation by influencing a Ca2+ requirement associated with protein synthesis.

Published
1986

39. Analysis of Anonymous Student Narratives About Experiences with Emergency Medicine Residency Programs.

Author

Estes M, Garcia J, Ren R, Olaf M, Moffett S, Galuska M, and Chi Zhang X

Subjects
Humans, Narration, Interpersonal Relations, Internship and Residency, Students, Medical, Emergency Medicine education
Abstract

Background: Academic emergency medicine (EM) communities have viewed anonymous online communities (AOC) such as Reddit or specialty-specific "applicant spreadsheets" as poor advising resources. Despite this, robust EM AOCs exist, with large user bases and heavy readership. Insights about applicants' authentic experiences can be critical for applicants and program leadership decision-making. To date, there are no EM studies to qualitatively assess EM AOC narratives during the application cycle. Our goal was to perform a qualitative analysis of students' EM program experiences through a publicly available AOC., Methods: This was a qualitative analysis of a publicly available, time-stamped, user-locked AOC dataset: "Official 2020-2021 Emergency Medicine Applicant Spreadsheet." We extracted and then de-identified all data from selected sub-sheets entitled "Virtual Interview Impressions" and "Rotation Impressions." Four investigators used constant comparative method to analyze the data inductively, and they subsequently met to generate common themes discussed by students. Preliminary thematic analysis was conducted on a random sample of 37/183 (20%) independent narratives to create the initial codebook. This was used and updated iteratively to analyze the entire narrative set consisting of 841 discrete statements. Finally, two unique codes were created to distinguish whether the identified sub-themes, or program attributes, were likely "modifiable" or "non-modifiable.", Results: We identified six major themes: living and working conditions; interpersonal relationships; learning experiences, postgraduate readiness, and online/virtual supplements. Common sub-themes included patient population (13%); resident personality (7%); program leadership personality (7%); relationship with faculty/leadership (6%); geography (4%); practice setting (4%); program reputation (4%), and postgraduate year-3 experiences (4%). Modifiable sub-themes outnumbered non-modifiable sub-themes, 60.7% to 39.3%., Conclusion: In this analysis of selected medical students' narratives in an AOC, the majority of identified themes represented topics that may serve as external feedback for EM residency programs and their clerkships. Selective use of AOCs may set a precedent for future program assessments by applicants and inform program leadership of important programmatic elements in the eyes of applicants. It elucidates important themes in their interactions or learning experiences with programs and creates opportunities for learner-centric program improvement., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: By the WestJEM article submission agreement, all authors are required to disclose all affiliations, funding sources and financial or management relationships that could be perceived as potential sources of bias. No author has professional or financial relationships with any companies that are relevant to this study. This research was funded in part by an EMRA Be the Change Grant awarded in 2021.

Published
2024
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40. Multisite assessment of emergency medicine resident knowledge of evidence-based medicine as measured by the Fresno Test of Evidence-Based Medicine.

Author

Katsilometes J, Galuska M, Kraus CK, Levitin HW, Leuchten S, Daugherty-Luck J, Lata J, Brannan G, Santarelli A, and Ashurst J

Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies, Educational Measurement, Evidence-Based Medicine education, Humans, Emergency Medicine education, Internship and Residency
Abstract

Context: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the application of scientific evidence while treating a patient. To date, however, there is very little evidence describing how residents in emergency medicine understand and incorporate EBM into practice., Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine EBM theoretical and quantitative knowledge in emergency medicine residents in community hospital-based training programs., Methods: A sample of emergency medicine residents from nine hospitals was enrolled to complete a cross-sectional assessment of EBM skills from April 2021 through June 2021. Performance on the Fresno Test of Evidence-Based Medicine (FTEBM) was assessed utilizing descriptive statistics, t tests, and one-way analysis of variance., Results: A total of 50.8% (124/244) of current emergency medicine residents completed the FTEBM during the study period. No significant difference on FTEBM scores was noted between the different types of medical degrees (DO vs. MD) (p=0.511), holding an advanced research degree (p=0.117), or between each postgraduate year of training (p=0.356). The mean score of those residents who rated their knowledge of EBM as average or higher was 36.0% (32.8-39.1%). The mean score of those residents who rated their programs as having an "average" or higher institutional focus on EBM was 34.9% (32.2-37.6%)., Conclusions: Participating emergency medicine residents show an incomplete understanding of EBM both in theory and applied computations despite rating themselves as having an average understanding. Emergency medicine residencies would be well suited to implement a standardized EBM curriculum that focuses on longitudinal reinforcement of key concepts needed for the practicing physician., (© 2022 James Katsilometes et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston.)

Published
2022
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41. Brugada-like ECG Changes After Conducted Electrical Weapon Exposure: A Case Report.

Author

Trumbetta C and Galuska M

Abstract

Introduction: A 38-year-old with suicidal ideation and alcohol intoxication received conducted energy from a conducted energy weapon (CEW) and subsequently was found to have a transient electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality consistent with Brugada waveform that resolved over a period of three hours., Case Report: A 38-year-old male with no pertinent medical history presented with suicidal ideation and alcohol intoxication after an altercation with the police. The patient received two CEW exposures during an encounter with law enforcement prior to transport to the emergency department. He was asymptomatic, but an ECG was performed as part of the triage process given his reported CEW exposure. His initial ECG showed ST-segment and T-wave changes in the precordial leads similar to those found in Brugada syndrome. After a three-hour period of observation and resolution of the patient's alcohol intoxication, a repeat ECG was performed that showed resolving Brugada morphology., Conclusion: Review of the literature surrounding the safety profile associated with CEW exposure shows few if any documented concerning cardiac electrophysiology changes and suggests that routine electrocardiographic studies or monitoring is not required. This case presents an isolated but interesting instance of a transient ECG abnormality associated with a CEW exposure.

Published
2022
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42. Management of deep vein thrombosis in the emergency department.

Author

Sergent SR, Galuska M, and Ashurst J

Subjects
Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Biomarkers metabolism, Compression Bandages, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Imaging, Evidence-Based Emergency Medicine, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products metabolism, Humans, Risk Factors, Vena Cava Filters, Emergency Service, Hospital, Venous Thrombosis diagnosis, Venous Thrombosis therapy
Abstract

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can present with a variety of nonspecific signs and symptoms, and can involve the upper or lower extremities. Management of patients with DVT has changed markedly over the last 10 years, moving from hospital admission for initiation of anticoagulation to outpatient management. Diagnosis requires a risk stratification process involving clinical decision rules, D-dimer testing, and ultrasonography. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient should be engaged in shared decision-making regarding treatment options. Recurrent DVT, as well as managing DVT in pregnant women, the elderly population, and patients with malignancies are also discussed.

Published
2020

44. Osteopathic Physicians on the Editorial Boards of Major Medical Journals Over the Past 30 Years.

Author

Ashurst JV and Galuska M

Subjects
Humans, United States, Accreditation, Education, Medical, Graduate trends, Forecasting, Osteopathic Medicine education, Osteopathic Physicians education, Publishing, Societies, Medical
Abstract

Context: With the recent merger of the American Osteopathic Association and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, new standards may be established for scholarly activity criteria and designation for each specialty., Objective: To determine the percentage of osteopathic physicians on editorial boards in general and specialty medical journals and to compare the participation of osteopathic vs allopathic physicians and other health care researchers in editorial activities., Methods: The number of osteopathic and allopathic physicians and other health care professionals serving as editor in chief, associate editor, editorial board member, emeritus editor, or in other editorial positions was examined in 8 major medical journals (New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA, Annals of Internal Medicine, Annals of Surgery, Annals of Emergency Medicine, Annals of Family Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Pediatrics) published during the past 30 years., Results: The number of editorial board positions increased during the past 30 years, with Annals of Surgery adding the most positions (64). When compared with allopathic physicians in all fields of medicine, the number of osteopathic physicians serving on an editorial board of a medical journal was significantly less (P<.001). When all editorial positions were combined, osteopathic physicians occupied 0.15% of all positions., Conclusion: A disparity exists between the numbers of osteopathic vs allopathic physicians in editorial positions in the core disciplines of medicine. Further investigation into the reasons why few osteopathic physicians serve in editorial roles is needed.

Published
2016
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45. Coronary disease in emergency department chest pain patients with recent negative stress testing.

Author

Walker J, Galuska M, and Vega D

Abstract

Background: Cardiac stress tests for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) are incompletely sensitive and specific., Objective: We examined the frequency of significant CAD in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain who have had a recent negative or inconclusive (<85% of predicted maximum heart rate) cardiac stress test., Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients identified from ED and cardiology registries at the study hospital. We included patients presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of chest pain, with a negative cardiac stress test in the past three years as the last cardiac test, and hospital admission. One-hundred sixty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. Their admission was reviewed for diagnosis of CAD by positive serum troponin, percutaneous coronary intervention, or positive stress test while an inpatient., Results: Of 164 patients, 122(74.4%, 95% CI 67.7, 81.1) had a negative stress test prior to the index admission, while 42 (25.6%, 95% CI 18.9, 32.3) had otherwise normal but inconclusive stress tests. Thirty-four (20.7%, 95% CI 14.4,27.0) of the included patients were determined to have CAD. Twenty-five of the 122 patients (20.5%, 95% CI 13.3, 27.7) had negative pre-admission stress tests and nine of 42 patients (21.4%, 95% CI 9.0, 33.8) had inclusive stress tests of CAD. A statistical comparison between these two proportions showed no significant difference (p = .973)., Conclusion: Due to inadequate sensitivity, negative non-invasive cardiac stress tests should not be used to rule out CAD. Patients with negative stress tests are just as likely to have CAD as patients with inconclusive stress tests.

Published
2010

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