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DK resumeVi har i artiklen fokus på anvendelsen af brugerperspektiver i forskning om og med voksne i udsatte marginaliserede positioner. Herunder hvilke metodiske udfordringer og etiske dilemmaer, der kan opstå, når vi ønsker at give stemme til målgrupper, som ikke nødvendigvis ellers deltager i demokratiske sammenhænge. Baseret på vores egen forskning med voksne domfældte med udviklingshæmning og udsatte brugere på væresteder viser vi i artiklen, hvordan vi selv er gået metodisk til værks. Med særligt fokus på at få adgang til grupperne diskuterer vi fordele og ulemper ved at kontakte disse grupper via gatekeepere. Ud fra et interaktionistisk perspektiv analyserer vi betydningen af udsathed samt af den institutionelle kontekst for de interviewteknikker, vi vælger, og for den tillid, der kan udvikles. Undervejs og afslutningsvist diskuterer vi de etiske dilemmaer vi møder, når vi inddrager personer, der er i udsatte positioner som informanter. Vi tager udgangspunkt i de forskningsetiske retningslinjer og bidrager med en nuancering heraf, hvor en hensyntagen til de interviewedes udsatte position og sensitive livssituation kalder på en nærhedsmoral i interviewet. Artiklen bidrager således med refleksions-redskaber for forskere og studerende til at inddrage udsatte stemmer i forskningen, hvorved vi kan sikre en demokratisk kvalificering af det sociale og socialpædagogiske arbejde fremover. Abstract – UK Voices of the vulnerable in institutional research – methodological and ethically reflections This article sheds light on the methodological challenges and ethical dilemmas we as researchers faced in our research achievement to give voice to vulnerable target groups who live in marginalized positions and consequently rarely participate in democratic processes. Based on our research practice with offenders with intellectual disabilities and vulnerable users in drop-in centres, we demonstrate how we methodologically have reached these “hard to reach” groups. We illustrate

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common behavioural disorder that affects not only children and adolescents but also adults; however, diagnosis of adult ADHD is difficult because patients seem to have reduced externalized behaviour. ADHD is a multifactorial disorder in which many genes, all with small effects, are thought to cause the disorder in the presence of unfavourable environmental conditions. Therefore, in this pilot study, we explored the expression profile of a list of previously established candidate genes in peripheral blood samples from adult ADHD subjects (n=108) and compared these results with those of healthy controls (n=35). We demonstrate that combining the gene expression levels of dopamine transporter (SLC6A3), dopamine D5 receptor, tryptophan hydroxylase-1, and SNAP25 as predictors in a regression model resulted in sensitivity and specificity of over 80% (ROC: max R 2=0.587, AUC=0.917, P<0.001, 95% CI: 0.900-0.985). In conclusion, the combination of these four genes could represent a potential method for estimating risk and could be of diagnostic value for ADHD. Nevertheless, further investigation in a larger independent population including different subtypes of ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive, or combined type) patients is required to obtain more specific sets of biomarkers for each subtype as well as to differentiate between child, adolescent, and adulthood forms

Aims Coronary late stent thrombosis, a rare but devastating complication, remains an important concern in particular with the increasing use of drug-eluting stents. Notably, pathological studies have indicated that the proportion of uncovered coronary stent struts represents the best morphometric predictor of late stent thrombosis. Intracoronary optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI), a novel second-generation optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived imaging method, may allow rapid imaging for the detection of coronary stent strut coverage with a markedly higher precision when compared with intravascular ultrasound, due to a microscopic resolution (axial ∼10-20 µm), and at a substantially increased speed of image acquisition when compared with first-generation time-domain OCT. However, a histological validation of coronary OFDI for the evaluation of stent strut coverage in vivo is urgently needed. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the capacity of coronary OFDI by electron (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) analysis to detect and evaluate stent strut coverage in a porcine model. Methods and results Twenty stents were implanted into 10 pigs and coronary OFDI was performed after 1, 3, 10, 14, and 28 days. Neointimal thickness as detected by OFDI correlated closely with neointimal thickness as measured by LM (r = 0.90, P < 0.01). The comparison of stent strut coverage as detected by OFDI and SEM analysis revealed an excellent agreement (r = 0.96, P < 0.01). In particular, stents completely covered by OFDI analysis were also completely covered by SEM analysis. All incompletely covered stents by OFDI were also incompletely covered by SEM. Analyses of fibrin-covered stent struts suggested that these may rarely be detected as uncovered stent struts by OFDI. Importantly, optical density measurements revealed a significant difference between fibrin- and neointima-covered coronary stent struts [0.395 (0.35-0.43) vs. 0.53 (0.47-0.57); P < 0.001], suggesting that