106 results on '"Möhler R"'
Search Results
2. Prioritizing research areas for antibiotic stewardship programmes in hospitals: a behavioural perspective consensus paper
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Rzewuska, M., Charani, E., Clarkson, J.E., Davey, P.G., Duncan, E.M., Francis, J.J., Gillies, K., Kern, W.V., Lorencatto, F., Marwick, C.A., McEwen, J., Möhler, R., Morris, A.M., Ramsay, C.R., Rogers Van Katwyk, S., Skodvin, B., Smith, I., Suh, K.N., and Grimshaw, J.M.
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- 2019
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3. Erratum zu: Entscheidungen treffen in Pandemiezeiten: Eine qualitative Studie zu Perspektiven von Leitungspersonen der stationären Langzeitpflege
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Bieber, A., Dammermann, A., Dichter, M. N., Dinand, C., Eich-Krohm, A., Freytag, S., Möhler, R., Sander, M., Thalhammer, R., and Fleischer, S.
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- 2022
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4. Übersetzung und Validierung des Fragebogens zur Messung eines person-zentrierten Klimas
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Möhler, R, Wilfling, D, Berg, A, Hylla, J, Kitzmann, N, Halek, M, Meyer, G, Köpke, S, and Dichter, MN
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ddc: 610 ,Medicine and health - Abstract
Hintergrund und Stand (inter)nationaler Forschung: Person-zentrierung gilt als ein wichtiges Element einer qualitativ hochwertigen Versorgung von Menschen mit Demenz. Ein international häufig verwendetes Instrument zur Einschätzung des Grads der Person-zentrierung ist der Person-centred Climate [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
- Published
- 2021
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5. Entwicklung einer komplexen nicht-pharmakologischen Intervention zur Reduzierung von Schlafproblemen von Menschen mit Demenz in der stationären Altenpflege (MoNoPoL-Sleep)
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Dichter, M, Hylla, J, Berg, A, Wilfling, D, Kitzmann, N, Möhler, R, Meyer, G, Halek, M, and Köpke, S
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ddc: 610 ,Medicine and health - Abstract
Hintergrund und Stand (inter)nationaler Forschung: Schlafprobleme treten bei Menschen mit Demenz (MmD) in der stationären Altenpflege häufig auf. Verschiedene Interventionensansätze zur Vermeidung oder Reduzierung von Schlafproblemen wurden evaluiert, ein klarer Wirksamkeitsnachweis konnte [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
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- 2021
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6. RoB 2 – das aktualisierte Risk-of-Bias-Tool für RCTs von Cochrane
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Bollig, C and Möhler, R
- Subjects
ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Beschreibung: Das Cochrane-Risk-of-Bias-Tool ist ein etabliertes Instrument zur Einschätzung des Bias-Risikos in randomisierten kontrollierten Studien. Das neue Cochrane-Handbuch für systematische Übersichtsarbeiten zu Interventionen enthält eine überarbeitete Fassung des Instruments.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Who cares? – EbM und Transformation im Gesundheitswesen; 22. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2021
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7. Die Situation von älteren Menschen zu Beginn der COVID-19 Pandemie – ein Scoping Review
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Möhler, R, Gärtner, B, Fuchs, J, Meyer, G, and Scheidt-Nave, C
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund/Fragestellung: Alter ist ein Risikofaktor für schwere oder tödliche Verläufe einer COVID-19 Erkrankung. Daher wurden in vielen Ländern für ältere Menschen besondere Maßnahmen ergriffen, wie Kontakteinschränkungen in Langzeitpflegeeinrichtungen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Who cares? – EbM und Transformation im Gesundheitswesen; 22. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2021
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8. Wirksamkeit von strukturierten Versorgungsprotokollen zur Reduzierung von herausforderndem Verhalten bei Menschen mit Demenz in der stationären Langzeitpflege – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit
- Author
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Manietta, C, Labonté, V, and Möhler, R
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund und Stand (inter)nationaler Forschung: Menschen mit Demenz in der stationären Langzeitpflege zeigen häufig herausforderndes Verhalten. Dies führt bei den Betroffenen, ihren Angehörigen und den professionell Pflegenden häufig zu Stress und Belastungen. Ein Versorgungsansatz[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 19. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)
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- 2020
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9. Wirksamkeit von Algorithmus-basierten Interventionen zur Reduktion von Schmerz und herausforderndem Verhalten bei Menschen mit Demenz im Pflegeheim – ein Cochrane Review
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Manietta, C, Labonté, V, Sirsch, E, Thiesemann, R, and Möhler, R
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund/Fragestellung: Menschen mit Demenz im Pflegeheim erleben häufig Schmerzen, erhalten aber oft keine ausreichende Schmerztherapie. Schmerzen gelten auch als eine Ursache für herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen, wie motorische Unruhe oder Aggressionen. Ein Ansatz zur Schmerztherapie[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Nützliche patientenrelevante Forschung; 21. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2020
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10. Entwicklung einer Theory of Change als Grundlage einer Intervention zur Reduktion von Schlafproblemen bei Menschen mit Demenz in der stationären Altenpflege
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Dichter, MN, Hylla, J, Berg, A, Eggers, D, Möhler, R, Meyer, G, Köpke, S, and Halek, M
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund/Fragestellung: Der Theory of Change-Ansatz ist eine partizipative Methode im Rahmen der Interventionsentwicklung, um Wissen über das Wie, das Warum und die Umstände der Interventionswirkung zu generieren. Ausgehend von dem Interventionsziel werden jeweils rückwärtsgerichtet[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Nützliche patientenrelevante Forschung; 21. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2020
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11. RoB 2 – Das aktualisierte Risk of Bias Tool für RCTs von Cochrane
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Bollig, C, Nitschke, K, and Möhler, R
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Beschreibung: Das Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool ist ein etabliertes Instrument zur Einschätzung des Bias-Risikos in randomisierten kontrollierten Studien. Das im Jahr 2019 veröffentlichte aktualisierte Cochrane Handbuch für systematische Übersichtsarbeiten zu Interventionen enthält[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Nützliche patientenrelevante Forschung; 21. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2020
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12. Entwicklung und Pilotierung einer komplexen Intervention zur Reduktion von freiheitsentziehenden Maßnahmen im Krankenhaus: eine Mixed-Methods-Studie
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Möhler, R, Abraham, J, Neef, R, and Meyer, G
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund: Freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen (FEM) wie Bettgitter oder Gurte in Bett oder Stuhl werden regelmäßig in Krankenhäusern bei der Versorgung von Menschen mit Demenz oder Delirium eingesetzt; für Deutschland ist eine Prävalenz von 12% berichtet (Krüger[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 18. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)
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- 2019
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13. J. Jurt, G. Krumeich, T. Würtenberger (Hg.), Wandel von Recht und Rechtsbewußtsein in Frankreich und Deutschland, 1999
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Möhler, R.
- Abstract
Francia, Bd. 28 Nr. 3 (2001)
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- 2019
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14. RoB 2 – Das aktualisierte Risk of Bias Tool für RCTs von Cochrane
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Bollig, C and Möhler, R
- Subjects
ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Kurze Beschreibung des geplanten Inhalts: Das Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool [ref:1] ist ein etabliertes Instrument zur Einschätzung des Bias-Risikos in randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCTs). Die für 2019 angekündigte Neuauflage des Cochrane Handbuchs für systematische[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], EbM und Digitale Transformation in der Medizin; 20. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2019
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15. Gut informierte Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation bei Rückenschmerz: Die cluster-randomisierte GAP-Studie
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Farin-Glattacker, E, Voigt-Radloff, S, Schöpf, A, Boeker, M, Kaier, K, Körner, M, Kunzweiler, K, Lang, B, Meerpohl, J, Möhler, R, Niebling, W, Serong, J, Lange, R, Keylen, Pvd, and Maun, A
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund: Rückenschmerzen haben einen negativen Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen und verursachen in der Behandlung hohe Kosten. In Deutschland wird das Fehlen von verständlichen und niedrigschwelligen Informationsquellen als wesentlicher Mangel für förderliches[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 17. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)
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- 2018
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16. Prioritising research areas for antibiotic stewardship programmes in hospitals: a behavioural perspective consensus paper
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Rzewuska, M., Charani, E., Clarkson, J. E., Davey, P., Duncan, E. M., Francis, J., Gillies, K., Kern, W. V., Lorencatto, F., Marwick, C. A., McEwen, J., Möhler, R., Morris, A., Ramsay, C. R., Van Katwyk, S. R., Skodvin, B., Smith, I., Suh, K. N., Grimshaw, J. M., and JPIAMR (Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Research design ,Consensus ,030106 microbiology ,Psychological intervention ,Behavioural sciences ,RT ,Antimicrobial Stewardship ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nominal group technique ,Health care ,Humans ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Infection Control ,Antiinfective agent ,Government ,Medical education ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Hospitals ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,QR ,Infectious Diseases ,Research Design ,Business ,RA - Abstract
SCOPE: Antibiotic stewardship programmes (ASPs) are necessary in hospitals to improve the judicious use of antibiotics. While ASPs require complex change of key behaviours on individual, team, organisation and policy levels, evidence from the behavioural sciences is underutilised in antibiotic stewardship studies across the world, including high-income countries (HICs). A consensus procedure was performed to propose research priority areas for optimising effective implementation of ASPs in hospital settings, using a behavioural perspective.\ud \ud METHODS: A workgroup for behavioural approaches to ASPs was convened in response to the fourth call for leading expert network proposals by the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR). Eighteen clinical and academic specialists in antibiotic stewardship, implementation science and behaviour change from four high-income countries with publicly-funded health care systems (that is Canada, Germany, Norway and the UK), met face-to-face to agree on broad research priority areas using a structured consensus method.\ud \ud QUESTION ADDRESSED AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The consensus process on the 10 identified research priority areas resulted in recommendations that need urgent scientific interest and funding to optimise effective implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes for hospital inpatients in HICs with publicly-funded health care systems. We suggest and detail, behavioural science evidence-guided research efforts in the following areas: 1) Comprehensively identifying barriers and facilitators to implementing antibiotic stewardship programmes and clinical recommendations intended to optimise antibiotic prescribing; 2) Identifying actors ('who') and actions ('what needs to be done') of antibiotic stewardship programmes and clinical teams; 3) Synthesising available evidence to support future research and planning for antibiotic stewardship programmes; 4) Specifying the activities in current antibiotic stewardship programmes with the purpose of defining a 'control group' for comparison with new initiatives; 5) Defining a balanced set of outcomes and measures to evaluate the effects of interventions focused on reducing unnecessary exposure to antibiotics; 6) Conducting robust evaluations of antibiotic stewardship programmes with built-in process evaluations and fidelity assessments; 7) Defining and designing antibiotic stewardship programmes; 8) Establishing the evidence base for impact of antibiotic stewardship programmes on resistance; 9) Investigating the role and impact of government and policy contexts on antibiotic stewardship programmes; and 10) Understanding what matters to patients in antibiotic stewardship programmes in hospitals.\ud \ud Assessment, revisions and updates of our priority-setting exercise should be considered, at intervals of 2 years. To propose research priority areas in low- and medium income countries (LIMCs), the methodology reported here could be applied.
- Published
- 2018
17. Using the MRC framework for developing and evaluating of complex interventions in geriatric nursing
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Mueller, M, Abraham, J, Balzer, K, Bleijlevens, M, Möhler, R, Müller, M, and Saal, S
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Many interventions in nursing care are complex, i.e. consisting of different components that either act independently or inter-dependently. The UK medical research council’s (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions offers methodological guidance[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 1st International Conference of the German Society of Nursing Science
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- 2018
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18. Innovations in evidence synthesis – current methodological approaches and tools
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Cullum, N, Hirt, J, Köpke, S, Möhler, R, and Steckelberg, A
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Evidence syntheses in nursing aim to identify and summarise the available evidence on a specific research question or topic with various aims as e.g. informing clinical nursing practice or developing policies. Originally developed for treatment questions, the scope and methodology[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 1st International Conference of the German Society of Nursing Science
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- 2018
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19. G. Seibold, Röchling. Kontinuität und Wandel, 2001
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Möhler, R.
- Abstract
Francia, Bd. 33, Nr. 3 (2006)
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- 2018
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20. Was bringt die Neuauflage des Cochrane Handbuches für systematische Übersichtsarbeiten von Interventionen
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Möhler, R, Bollig, C, and Meerpohl, J
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Zielsetzung: In 2018 wird die Neuauflage des Cochrane Handbuchs für systematische Übersichtsarbeiten von Interventionen erscheinen. Ziel des Workshops ist es, die wichtigsten Neuerungen vorzustellen, zu diskutieren und anhand praktischer Übungen zu vertiefen. Neben einem Überblick[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Brücken bauen – von der Evidenz zum Patientenwohl; 19. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2018
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21. Cochrane für alle – Übersetzungen und Verbreitung von Cochrane-Evidenz auf Deutsch
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Braun, C, Möhler, R, Töws, I, Voigt-Radloff, S, and von Elm, E
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Zielsetzung: Ziel des Workshops ist die Vorstellung aktueller Aktivitäten zur Bereitstellung und Verbreitung von Cochrane-Evidenz in deutscher Sprache. Die vorgestellten Aktivitäten werden hinsichtlich der praktischen Aspekte, Qualitätssicherung und Verbreitung der Übersetzungen [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Klasse statt Masse – wider die wertlose Wissenschaft; 18. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
- Published
- 2017
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22. Online-Konferenz zur Konsentierung von Leitlinienempfehlungen am Beispiel einer Leitlinie zur Vermeidung von freiheitseinschränkenden Maßnahmen in der Altenpflege
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Abraham, J, Kupfer, R, Henkel, A, Köpke, S, Meyer, G, and Möhler, R
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund: Im Jahr 2008 wurde die erste evidenzbasierte Leitlinie zur Vermeidung von freiheitseinschränkenden Maßnahmen (FEM) in der Altenpflege entsprechend international empfohlener methodischer Standards entwickelt. Von einer multidisziplinären Expertengruppe (n=16) wurden Empfehlungen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Klasse statt Masse – wider die wertlose Wissenschaft; 18. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2017
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23. Nicht-pharmakologische Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von Schlafstörungen bei Menschen mit Demenz: ein Cochrane Review
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Wilfling, D, Meyer, G, Möhler, R, and Köpke, S
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Menschen mit Demenz (MmD) leiden häufig an Schlafstörungen, die zu weiteren kognitiven und nicht-kognitiven Problemen bei Betroffenen und zu Belastungen bei Pflegenden bzw. Angehörigen führen können. Ein Cochrane Review zeigte kürzlich, dass[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Klasse statt Masse – wider die wertlose Wissenschaft; 18. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2017
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24. Leitlinien und Dokumente mit Praxisempfehlungen zur Vermeidung von freiheitseinschränkenden Maßnahmen in der Altenpflege: eine systematische Übersicht
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Möhler, R and Meyer, G
- Subjects
ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund/Fragestellung: Freiheitseinschränkende Maßnahmen (FEM) werden in der stationären Altenpflege regelmäßig angewendet. Pflege ohne FEM wird dagegen als Standard für eine gute pflegerische Versorgung gefordert. Leitlinien und Dokumente mit Empfehlungen für[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], EbM zwischen Best Practice und inflationärem Gebrauch; 16. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2015
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25. Web-basiertes Portal zur Recherche von pflegerelevanten Leitlinien und Leitlinien-ähnlichen Dokumenten
- Author
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Suhr, R, Möhler, R, and Meyer, G
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Zielsetzung: In den vergangenen Jahren wurden im deutschsprachigen Raum zunehmend Leitlinien (LL) und LL-ähnliche Dokumente zu pflegerelevanten Fragestellungen entwickelt. Für medizinische LL bestehen verschiedene Online-Datenbanken, in denen Interessierte nach Dokumenten recherchieren können.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Prävention zwischen Evidenz und Eminenz; 15. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2014
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26. The accommodation coefficient of water molecules on ice – cirrus cloud studies at the AIDA simulation chamber
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J. Skrotzki, P. Connolly, M. Schnaiter, H. Saathoff, O. Möhler, R. Wagner, M. Niemand, V. Ebert, and T. Leisner
- Published
- 2013
27. Symposium 'Evaluation komplexer Interventionen'
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Meyer, G, Behrens, J, Köpke, S, and Möhler, R
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ddc: 610 ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine - Abstract
Hintergrund: Zahlreiche Interventionen im Gesundheitsbereich sind komplexer Natur. Sie bestehen aus mehreren, voneinander abhängigen oder unabhängigen Teilkomponenten, die sich gegenseitig beeinflussen können. Die Evaluation dieser Interventionen stellt eine Herausforderung für die[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], EbM – ein Gewinn für die Arzt-Patient-Beziehung?; Forum Medizin 21 der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität & 11. EbM-Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin
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- 2010
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28. Effect of a guideline-based multicomponent intervention on use of physical restraints in nursing homes: a randomized controlled trial.
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Köpke S, Mühlhauser I, Gerlach A, Haut A, Haastert B, Möhler R, Meyer G, Köpke, Sascha, Mühlhauser, Ingrid, Gerlach, Anja, Haut, Antonie, Haastert, Burkhard, Möhler, Ralph, and Meyer, Gabriele
- Abstract
Context: Despite unambiguous legal regulation and evidence for lack of effectiveness and safety, physical restraints are still frequently administered in nursing homes.Objective: To reduce physical restraint prevalence in nursing homes using a guideline- and theory-based multicomponent intervention.Design, Setting, and Participants: Cluster randomized controlled trial of 6 months' duration conducted in 2 German cities between February 2009 and April 2010. Nursing homes were eligible if they had 20% or more residents with physical restraints. Using external concealed randomization, 18 nursing home clusters were included in the intervention group (2283 residents) and 18 in the control group (2166 residents).Intervention: The intervention was based on a specifically developed evidence-based guideline and applied the theory of planned behavior. Components were group sessions for all nursing staff; additional training for nominated key nurses; and supportive material for nurses, residents, relatives, and legal guardians. Control group clusters received standard information.Main Outcomes Measures: Primary outcome was percentage of residents with physical restraints (bilateral bed rails, belts, fixed tables, and other measures limiting free body movement) at 6 months, assessed through direct unannounced observation by blinded investigators on 3 occasions during 1 day. Secondary outcomes included restraint use at 3 months, falls, fall-related fractures, and psychotropic medication prescriptions.Results: All nursing homes completed the study and all residents were included in the analysis. At baseline, 30.6% of control group residents had physical restraints vs 31.5% of intervention group residents. At 6 months, rates were 29.1% vs 22.6%, respectively, a difference of 6.5% (95% CI, 0.6% to 12.4%; cluster-adjusted odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.97; P = .03). All physical restraint measures were used less frequently in the intervention group. Rates were stable from 3 to 6 months. There were no statistically significant differences in falls, fall-related fractures, and psychotropic medication prescriptions.Conclusion: A guideline- and theory-based multicomponent intervention compared with standard information reduced physical restraint use in nursing homes.Trial Registration: isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN34974819. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
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29. Hospital design for older people with cognitive impairment including dementia and delirium: supporting inpatients and accompanying persons
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Grey T, Fleming R, Goodenough B, Xidous D, Möhler R, and Desmond O'Neill
30. Distribution of mHealth applications in Germany: analysis of the FeverApp registry.
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Gwiasda M, Rathjens L, Martin DD, Möhler R, Schwarz S, and Jenetzky E
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- Humans, Germany epidemiology, Adolescent, Child, Female, Male, Seasons, Fever epidemiology, Fever diagnosis, Registries, Mobile Applications, Telemedicine
- Abstract
Objective: In this observational study, we determined the distribution of mHealth applications (apps) in Germany using data from the FeverApp registry., Methods: The registry data were processed to assess general monthly trends in app distribution, and a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model was decomposed to investigate time series. A sample comparison was made matching data from cold-called against self-registered distributers of the FeverApp., Results: Among 881 pediatric and adolescent medical practices, 27,300 app users were recruited between 2019 and August 2023. The number of monthly recruited users increased steadily. A seasonal trend was observed, showing a higher distribution in winter months. Self-registered pediatric practices did not recruit significantly more app users than cold-called practices, with approximately every 25th family recruited in both groups., Conclusions: The trend of more app sign-ups during winter is likely related to the flu season in Germany. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors of the practices seem to have a large impact on the distribution. We observed a positive trend in the app distribution. Seasonal febrile infections and individual distribution methods among practices influence the distribution of the FeverApp in Germany. Family factors may have a greater influence than the motivation of distributing practices., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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- 2024
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31. Correction: Navigating the Future of Organisational Health Services Research in Germany and beyond: a Position Paper.
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Ansmann L, Nöst S, Körner M, Auschra C, Bal R, Böddeker M, Bode I, Braithwaite J, Breidenbach C, Coors M, Demirer I, Exworthy M, Harst L, Heuser C, Hoffmann J, Köberlein-Neu J, Krajic K, Maniatopoulos G, Mannion R, Möhler R, Pfaff H, Rieger MA, Rind E, Helge Schnack MA, Anke Wagner MA, Weigl M, Wensing M, Wiig S, Wild E, Wilhelm H, Wirtz M, and Götz K
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
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- 2024
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32. Navigating the Future of Organisational Health Services Research in Germany and beyond: a Position Paper.
- Author
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Ansmann L, Nöst S, Körner M, Auschra C, Bal R, Böddeker M, Bode I, Braithwaite J, Breidenbach C, Coors M, Demirer I, Exworthy M, Harst L, Heuser C, Hoffmann J, Köberlein-Neu J, Krajic K, Maniatopoulos G, Mannion R, Möhler R, Pfaff H, Rieger MA, Rind E, Helge Schnack MA, Anke Wagner MA, Weigl M, Wensing M, Wiig S, Wild E, Wilhelm H, Wirtz M, and Götz K
- Subjects
- Germany, Organizational Objectives, Health Services Research trends, Forecasting
- Abstract
Background: Recent analyses have shown that in health services research in Germany, healthcare organisations are often considered primarily as a study setting, without fully taking their complex organisational nature into account, neither theoretically nor methodologically. Therefore, an initiative was launched to analyse the state of Organisational Health Services Research (OHSR) in Germany and to develop a strategic framework and road map to guide future efforts in the field. This paper summarizes positions that have been jointly developed by consulting experts from the interdisciplinary and international scientific community., Methods: In July 2023, a scoping workshop over the course of three days was held with 32 (inter)national experts from different research fields centred around OHSR topics using interactive workshop methods. Participants discussed their perspectives on OHSR, analysed current challenges in OHSR in Germany and developed key positions for the field's development., Results: The seven agreed-upon key positions addressed conceptual and strategic aspects. There was consensus that the field required the development of a research agenda that can guide future efforts. On a conceptual level, the need to address challenges in terms of interdisciplinarity, terminology, organisation(s) as research subjects, international comparative research and utilisation of organisational theory was recognized. On a strategic level, requirements with regard to teaching, promotion of interdisciplinary and international collaboration, suitable funding opportunities and participatory research were identified., Conclusions: This position paper seeks to serve as a framework to support further development of OHSR in Germany and as a guide for researchers and funding organisations on how to move OHSR forward. Some of the challenges discussed for German OHSR are equally present in other countries. Thus, this position paper can be used to initiate fruitful discussions in other countries., Competing Interests: LA ist Vorstandsmitglied der DGMS und des DNVF. Sie ist Mitglied des Editorial Boards des Journal of Health Care Services and Implementation. JB erhält Fördermittel für mehrere OVF-Projekte in Australien und Europa. ME ist Vorsitzender der Society for Studies in Organizing Healthcare (SHOC). Die Arbeit des Instituts für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, wird durch einen zweckungebundenen Zuschuss des Arbeitgeberverbands der Metall- und Elektroindustrie Baden-Württemberg (Südwestmetall) unterstützt. Die übrigen Autor*innen erklären, dass keine Interessenkonflikte bestehen., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)
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- 2024
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33. Comparing different scoping and mapping review methodologies: A practical example using the nursing mobile workstation.
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Vanmeenen M, Hirt J, Malfait S, and Möhler R
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Aims: To provide (1) an overview of core characteristics of scoping and mapping review methodologies and (2) to illustrate the differences and similarities of these methodologies using literature on nursing mobile workstations., Design: Systematic review., Methods: Systematic searches were conducted to identify (1) scoping and mapping review methodologies used in the field of nursing and (2) literature on nursing mobile workstations. For each systematic search, two reviewers independently screened all titles, abstracts, and full texts. We conducted narrative syntheses for both review questions. Publications on scoping and mapping review methodologies in the field of nursing were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL (September 2022). Publications on nursing mobile workstations were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, and Web of Science (April 2022)., Results: We identified six scoping and mapping review methodologies (aim 1): bibliometric analysis, evidence mapping, focused mapping review and synthesis, and scoping review. The methodologies aim to provide a graphical, tabular, or narrative overview without a formal critical assessment of the literature. We provide an overview of key variables that reflect the different focus of these methodologies. We also included 26 publications on nursing mobile workstations (aim 2). Nineteen different terms were used to describe the workstations. An overall definition of the nursing mobile workstation was not found., Conclusion: Scoping and mapping methodologies are regularly applied in nursing research. Although there is overlap between the different methodologies, we found some unique characteristics. Despite the regular use of nursing mobile workstations, little is known about their impact in care processes and important features. Future studies on nursing mobile workstations could explore the impact of the workstations in the care process and the current functions of the workstations. A universal definition of the workstations is warranted., Clinical Relevance: Most publications address aspects of practicability of nursing mobile workstations, but we found no universal definition. Little knowledge is available on the impact of the workstations in clinical practice., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Nursing Scholarship published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Sigma Theta Tau International.)
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- 2024
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34. Nurse-based counselling on thirst in patients with advanced chronic heart failure : Study protocol for a pilot before-after study and process evaluation.
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Wefer F, Möhler R, Dichter MN, Mühring A, Gummert J, and Köpke S
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- Humans, Pilot Projects, Controlled Before-After Studies, Counseling, Chronic Disease, Thirst, Heart Failure therapy
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Background: Many patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are critically ill and experience increased thirst. Study aims are to develop and evaluate a nurse-based counselling intervention to promote self-care competencies related to thirst in hospitalised patients with advanced CHF eligible or listed for heart transplantation., Methods: A mixed-methods approach will be adapted with three study phases: (1) development of the nurse-based counselling intervention, (2) feasibility testing and training of nurses, and (3) implementation of the intervention and, evaluation of initial effects and process measures. In phase (1), interviews with hospitalised patients with advanced CHF listed for heart transplantation (n = 10), focus groups (n = 2) and a Germany-wide survey with nurses will be performed. In phase (2), experts experienced with caring for patients with advanced CHF and patients with advanced CHF will be consulted for content validation and pretest of the counselling intervention. The training concept for nurses will be evaluated using questionnaires. In phase (3), a pilot before-after study will be conducted (n = 60). Primary patient-related outcome for the pilot study is thirst intensity using a numeric rating scale. Furthermore, a process evaluation (interviews with patients [n = 10], survey with nurses and physicians) will be performed. Quantitative data will be analysed descriptively, and qualitative data will be analysed using content analysis. Mean values of thirst intensity of the individual measurement points will be evaluated as interrupted time-series analysis using regression analyses., Conclusion: The development and implementation of a counselling intervention is influenced by various factors. Therefore, it is important to consider all factors throughout the process from development to evaluation., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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35. Item distribution, internal consistency and structural validity of the German language person-centred climate questionnaire - staff version (PCQ-G-S): a cross-sectional study.
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Wilfling D, Möhler R, Berg A, Dörner J, Bartmann N, Klatt T, Meyer G, Halek M, Köpke S, and Dichter MN
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychometrics, Patient-Centered Care, Language
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Background: Person-centredness is considered as best practice for people living with dementia. A frequently used instrument to assess person-centredness of a care environment is the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire (PCQ). The questionnaire comprises of 14 items with the three subscales a climate of safety, a climate of everydayness and a climate of community., Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the translation process of the English language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire (Staff version, Patient version, Family version) into German language (PCQ-G) and to evaluate the first psychometric properties of the German language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire- Staff version (PCQ-G-S)., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study. The three versions of the 14-item English PCQ were translated into German language (PCQ-G) based on the recommendations for cross-cultural adaption of measures. Item distribution, internal consistency and structural validity of the questionnaire were assessed among nursing home staff (PCQ-G-S). Item distribution was calculated using descriptive statistics. Structural validity was tested using principal component analysis (PCA), and internal consistency was assessed for the resulting subscales using Cronbach's alpha. Data collection took place from May to September 2021., Results: A total sample of 120 nurses was included in the data analysis. Nine out of 14 items of the PCQ-G-S demonstrated acceptable item difficulty, while five times showed a ceiling effect. The PCA analysis demonstrated a strong structural validity for a three-factor solution explaining 68.6% of the total variance. The three subscales demonstrated a good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha scores of 0.8 for each of the subscales., Conclusion: The analysis of the 14-item German version (PCQ-G-S) showed first evidence for a strong internal consistency and structural validity for evaluating staff perceptions of the person-centredness in German nursing homes. Based on this, further investigations for scale validity of the PCQ-G versions should be carried out., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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36. Intervention for sleep problems in nursing home residents with dementia: a cluster-randomized study.
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Dichter MN, Dörner J, Wilfling D, Berg A, Klatt T, Möhler R, Haastert B, Meyer G, Halek M, and Köpke S
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Objective: To reduce sleep problems in people living with dementia using a multi-component intervention., Design: Cluster-randomized controlled study with two parallel groups and a follow-up of 16 weeks., Setting: Using external concealed randomization, 24 nursing homes (NH) were allocated either to the intervention group (IG, 12 clusters, 126 participants) or the control group (12 clusters, 116 participants)., Participants: Participants were eligible if they had dementia or severe cognitive impairment, at least two sleep problems, and residence of at least two weeks in a NH., Intervention: The 16-week intervention consists of six components: (1) assessment of sleep-promoting activities and environmental factors in NHs, (2) implementation of two "sleep nurses," (3) basic education, (4) advanced education for staff, (5) workshops to develop sleep-promoting concepts, and (6) written information and education materials. The control group (CG) received standard care., Measurements: Primary outcome was ≥ two sleep problems after 16 weeks assessed with the Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI)., Results: Twenty-two clusters (IG = 10, CG = 12) with 191 participants completed the study. At baseline, 90% of people living with dementia in the IG and 93% in the CG had at least two sleep problems. After 16 weeks, rates were 59.3% (IG) vs 83.8% (CG), respectively, a difference of -24.5% (95% CI, -46.3% - -2.7%; cluster-adjusted odds ratio 0.281; 95% CI 0.087-0.909). Secondary outcomes showed a significant difference only for SDI scores after eight and 16 weeks., Conclusions: The MoNoPol-Sleep intervention reduced sleep problems of people living with dementia in NH compared to standard care.
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- 2024
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37. Psychosocial interventions for reducing antipsychotic medication in care home residents.
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Lühnen J, Richter T, Calo S, Meyer G, Köpke S, and Möhler R
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- Humans, Psychosocial Intervention, Activities of Daily Living, Quality of Life, Restraint, Physical, Antipsychotic Agents adverse effects
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Background: Antipsychotic medications are regularly prescribed in care home residents for the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) despite questionable efficacy, important adverse effects, and available non-pharmacological interventions. Prescription rates are related to organisational factors, staff training and job satisfaction, patient characteristics, and specific interventions. Psychosocial intervention programmes aimed at reducing the prescription of antipsychotic drugs are available. These programmes may target care home residents (e.g. improving communication and interpersonal relationships) or target staff (e.g. by providing skills for caring for people with BPSD). Therefore, this review aimed to assess the effectiveness of these interventions, updating our earlier review published in 2012., Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and harms of psychosocial interventions to reduce antipsychotic medication use in care home residents compared to regular care, optimised regular care, or a different psychosocial intervention., Search Methods: We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was 14 July 2022., Selection Criteria: We included individual or cluster-randomised controlled trials comparing a psychosocial intervention aimed primarily at reducing the use of antipsychotic medication with regular care, optimised regular care, or a different psychosocial intervention. Psychosocial interventions were defined as non-pharmacological intervention with psychosocial components. We excluded medication withdrawal or substitution interventions, interventions without direct interpersonal contact and communication, and interventions solely addressing policy changes or structural interventions., Data Collection and Analysis: We used standard Cochrane methods. Critical appraisal of studies addressed risks of selection, performance, attrition and detection bias, as well as criteria related to cluster randomisation. We retrieved data on the complex interventions on the basis of the TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) checklist. Our primary outcomes were 1. use of regularly prescribed antipsychotic medication and 2., Adverse Events: Our secondary outcomes were 3. mortality; 4. BPSD; 5. quality of life; 6. prescribing of regularly psychotropic medication; 7. regimen of regularly prescribed antipsychotic medication; 8. antipsychotic medication administered 'as needed'; 9. physical restraints; 10. cognitive status; 11. depression; 12. activities of daily living; and 13., Costs: We used GRADE to assess certainty of evidence., Main Results: We included five cluster-randomised controlled studies (120 clusters, 8342 participants). We found pronounced clinical heterogeneity and therefore decided to present study results narratively. All studies investigated complex interventions comprising, among other components, educational approaches. Because of the heterogeneity of the results, including the direction of effects, we are uncertain about the effects of psychosocial interventions on the prescription of antipsychotic medication. One study investigating an educational intervention for care home staff assessed the use of antipsychotic medication in days of use per 100 resident-days, and found this to be lower in the intervention group (mean difference 6.30 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.05 to 6.66; 1152 participants). The other four studies reported the proportion of participants with a regular antipsychotic prescription. Of two studies implementing an intervention to promote person-centred care, one found a difference in favour of the intervention group (between-group difference 19.1%, 95% CI 0.5% to 37.7%; 338 participants), while the other found a difference in favour of the control group (between-group difference 11.4%, 95% CI 0.9% to 21.9%; 862 participants). One study investigating an educational programme described as "academic detailing" found no difference between groups (odds ratio 1.06, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.20; 5363 participants). The fifth study used a factorial design to compare different combinations of interventions to supplement person-centred care. Results showed a positive effect of medication review, and no clear effect of social interaction or exercise. We considered that, overall, the evidence about this outcome was of low certainty. We found high-certainty evidence that psychosocial interventions intended primarily to reduce antipsychotic use resulted in little to no difference in the number of falls, non-elective hospitalisations, or unplanned emergency department visits. Psychosocial interventions intended primarily to reduce antipsychotic use also resulted in little to no difference in quality of life (moderate-certainty evidence), and BPSD, regular prescribing of psychotropic medication, use of physical restraints, depression, or activities of daily living (all low-certainty evidence). We also found low-certainty evidence that, in the context of these interventions, social interaction and medication review may reduce mortality, but exercise does not., Authors' Conclusions: All included interventions were complex and the components of the interventions differed considerably between studies. Interventions and intervention components were mostly not described in sufficient detail. Two studies found evidence that the complex psychosocial interventions may reduce antipsychotic medication use. In addition, one study showed that medication review might have some impact on antipsychotic prescribing rates. There were no important adverse events. Overall, the available evidence does not allow for clear generalisable recommendations., (Copyright © 2023 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
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- 2023
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38. Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints for older people in all long-term care settings.
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Möhler R, Richter T, Köpke S, and Meyer G
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- Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Restraint, Physical, Nursing Homes, Quality of Life, Long-Term Care, Dementia prevention & control
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Background: Physical restraints (PR), such as bedrails and belts in chairs or beds, are commonly used for older people receiving long-term care, despite clear evidence for the lack of effectiveness and safety, and widespread recommendations that their use should be avoided. This systematic review of the efficacy and safety of interventions to prevent and reduce the use of physical restraints outside hospital settings, i.e. in care homes and the community, updates our previous review published in 2011., Objectives: To evaluate the effects of interventions to prevent and reduce the use of physical restraints for older people who require long-term care (either at home or in residential care facilities) SEARCH METHODS: We searched ALOIS, the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's register, MEDLINE (Ovid Sp), Embase (Ovid SP), PsycINFO (Ovid SP), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (ISI Web of Science), LILACS (BIREME), ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's meta-register, the International Clinical Trials Registry Portal, on 3 August 2022., Selection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that investigated the effects of interventions intended to prevent or reduce the use of physical restraints in older people who require long-term care. Studies conducted in residential care institutions or in the community, including patients' homes, were eligible for inclusion. We assigned all included interventions to categories based on their mechanisms and components., Data Collection and Analysis: Two review authors independently selected the publications for inclusion, extracted study data, and assessed the risk of bias of all included studies. Primary outcomes were the number or proportion of people with at least one physical restraint, and serious adverse events related to PR use, such as death or serious injuries. We performed meta-analyses if necessary data were available. If meta-analyses were not feasible, we reported results narratively. We used GRADE methods to describe the certainty of the evidence., Main Results: We identified six new studies and included 11 studies with 19,003 participants in this review update. All studies were conducted in long-term residential care facilities. Ten studies were RCTs and one study a CCT. All studies included people with dementia. The mean age of the participants was approximately 85 years. Four studies investigated organisational interventions aiming to implement a least-restraint policy; six studies investigated simple educational interventions; and one study tested an intervention that provided staff with information about residents' fall risk. The control groups received usual care only in most studies although, in two studies, additional information materials about physical restraint reduction were provided. We judged the risk of selection bias to be high or unclear in eight studies. Risk of reporting bias was high in one study and unclear in eight studies. The organisational interventions intended to promote a least-restraint policy included a variety of components, such as education of staff, training of 'champions' of low-restraint practice, and components which aimed to facilitate a change in institutional policies and culture of care. We found moderate-certainty evidence that organisational interventions aimed at implementation of a least-restraint policy probably lead to a reduction in the number of residents with at least one use of PR (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.94; 3849 participants, 4 studies) and a large reduction in the number of residents with at least one use of a belt for restraint (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.73; 2711 participants, 3 studies). No adverse events occurred in the one study which reported this outcome. There was evidence from one study that organisational interventions probably reduce the duration of physical restraint use. We found that the interventions may have little or no effect on the number of falls or fall-related injuries (low-certainty evidence) and probably have little or no effect on the number of prescribed psychotropic medications (moderate-certainty evidence). One study found that organisational interventions result in little or no difference in quality of life (high-certainty evidence) and another study found that they may make little or no difference to agitation (low-certainty evidence). The simple educational interventions were intended to increase knowledge and change staff attitudes towards PR. As well as providing education, some interventions included further components to support change, such as ward-based guidance. We found pronounced between-group baseline imbalances in PR prevalence in some of the studies, which might have occurred because of the small number of clusters in the intervention and control groups. One study did not assess bedrails, which is the most commonly used method of restraint in nursing homes. Regarding the number of residents with at least one restraint, the results were inconsistent. We found very-low certainty evidence and we are uncertain about the effects of simple educational interventions on the number of residents with PR. None of the studies assessed or reported any serious adverse events. We found moderate-certainty evidence that simple educational interventions probably result in little or no difference in restraint intensity and may have little or no effect on falls, fall-related injuries, or agitation (low-certainty evidence each). Based on very low-certainty evidence we are uncertain about the effects of simple educational interventions on the number of participants with a prescription of at least one psychotropic medication. One study investigated an intervention that provided information about residents' fall risk to the nursing staff. We found low-certainty evidence that providing information about residents' fall risk may result in little or no difference in the mean number of PR or the number of falls. The study did not assess overall adverse events., Authors' Conclusions: Organisational interventions aimed to implement a least-restraint policy probably reduce the number of residents with at least one PR and probably largely reduce the number of residents with at least one belt. We are uncertain whether simple educational interventions reduce the use of physical restraints, and interventions providing information about residents' fall risk may result in little to no difference in the use of physical restraints. These results apply to long-term care institutions; we found no studies from community settings., (Copyright © 2023 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
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- 2023
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39. Misinterpreting the MRC Framework on complex interventions.
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Dichter MN, Müller M, Möhler R, Balzer K, and Richards DA
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Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
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- 2023
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40. [Development and evaluation of complex interventions in nursing : Application of the medical research council's framework using the example of interventions to prevent physical restraints].
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Abraham J and Möhler R
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- Humans, Germany, Long-Term Care, Hospitals, Restraint, Physical, Nursing Homes
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Many nursing interventions are complex. They comprise different intervention elements (components) and aim to change processes or behaviours of individuals or groups. A framework of the British Medical Research Council comprises methodological recommendations for the development and evaluation of complex interventions. This narrative review describes the framework's methodological recommendations using an example of interventions to reduce physical restraints in hospital and long-term care settings, such as bedrails or belts in chairs and beds. In addition to the characteristics of the complex interventions, the development and theoretical foundation of the interventions as well as the feasibility test and evaluation is described., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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41. Attitudes and knowledge of nurses working at night and sleep promotion in nursing home residents: multicenter cross-sectional survey.
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Wilfling D, Berg A, Dörner J, Bartmann N, Klatt T, Meyer G, Halek M, Möhler R, Köpke S, and Dichter MN
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nursing Homes, Sleep, Clinical Competence, Sleep Wake Disorders diagnosis, Sleep Wake Disorders epidemiology, Sleep Wake Disorders therapy
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Background: Sleep disturbances are common in nursing home residents and challenging for their nurses. Knowledge about sleep and sleep promoting factors is essential to provide adequate sleep management, where nurses play a key role. Therefore, nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards sleep and sleep promoting interventions is important as enabling or inhibiting factor for successful sleep management., Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses working wholly or partially at night in nursing homes in Germany. Data were collected between February and April 2021 via online or paper and pencil questionnaires, comprising 56 items. Nursing homes were recruited through existing cooperation with the study centers as well as via nursing home registers., Results: Finally, 138 nursing homes participated and 271 nurses completed the survey. Nurses agreed that sleep disturbances are an important topic with important impact on resident' health. Although, the assessment of sleep was seen as nurses' responsibility, only 40 nurses (14.7%) stated that residents' sleep was always documented. Only 21.7% reported the availability of policy documents providing guidance regarding the management of sleep disturbances. The vast majority (93.2%) reported never having received training about sleep and management of sleep disturbances after their basic nursing training., Conclusions: Our results indicate that nurses working at night can play an important role in residents' sleep promotion. The findings indicate nurses' educational needs regarding sleep and sleep promotion. Nursing homes should implement institutional guidelines in order to promote residents' sleep based on adequate evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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42. Challenges, strategies and consequences from the perspective of German nursing home managers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic - a qualitative interview study.
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Sander M, Dano R, Bieber A, Dammermann A, Fleischer S, Dinand C, Müller M, Möhler R, Schultes K, Köpke S, and Dichter MN
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- Humans, Pandemics prevention & control, Cross-Sectional Studies, Communicable Disease Control, Nursing Homes, Qualitative Research, COVID-19 epidemiology
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Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic reached Germany between March and May 2020. In order to contain the spread of the virus and particularly protect vulnerable people, the government imposed a lockdown in March 2020. In addition to infection control measures, such as hygiene and social distancing requirements, a general ban on access to nursing homes for relatives and external service providers was issued., Methods: To investigate the challenges and consequences of the enacted infection prevention measures and specific strategies for nursing homes in Germany, a multicentre cross-sectional qualitative interview study with nursing home managers and ward managers was conducted. Recorded audio data were transcribed, analysed using thematic framework analysis and reflected in peer debriefings., Results: Seventy-eight interviews with 40 nursing home managers and 38 ward managers from 43 German nursing homes were conducted. At organisational level, the following six themes were identified: Appointing a multi-professional crisis task force, reorganizing the use of building and spatial structures, continuous adaption and implementation of hygiene plans, adapting staff deployment to dynamically changing demands, managing additional communicative demands and relying on and resorting to informal networks. To deal with the pandemic challenges also six themes can be described for the direct care level: Changed routines, taking over non-nursing tasks, increased medical responsibility, increased documentation demands, promoting social participation and increased communication demands. Also various negative consequences were identified (four themes): Psychological stress, negative emotional consequences, permanent feeling of responsibility and increased potential for conflicts. Positive emotional consequences were also reported (two themes): resources for the challenges and positive emotional consequences for home managers and staff., Conclusions: The results of the described challenges, strategies and consequences allow recommendations as basis for possible approaches and successful adaptation processes in nursing home care in the future. In particular, there is a need for local networks to act in a coordinated way and a need for quantitative and qualitative support for nurses, such as staff support as well as advanced nursing practice, to cope with the challenges of the pandemic., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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43. Personally tailored activities for improving psychosocial outcomes for people with dementia in long-term care.
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Möhler R, Calo S, Renom A, Renom H, and Meyer G
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Affect, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Dementia psychology, Long-Term Care
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Background: People with dementia who are being cared for in long-term care settings are often not engaged in meaningful activities. We wanted to know whether offering them activities which are tailored to their individual interests and preferences could improve their quality of life and reduce agitation. This review updates our earlier review published in 2018., Objectives: ∙ To assess the effects of personally tailored activities on psychosocial outcomes for people with dementia living in long-term care facilities. ∙ To describe the components of the interventions. ∙ To describe conditions which enhance the effectiveness of personally tailored activities in this setting., Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's Specialized Register, on 15 June 2022. We also performed additional searches in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization (WHO) ICTRP, to ensure that the search for the review was as up-to-date and as comprehensive as possible., Selection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials offering personally tailored activities. All interventions included an assessment of the participants' present or past preferences for, or interest in, particular activities as a basis for an individual activity plan. Control groups received either usual care or an active control intervention., Data Collection and Analysis: Two authors independently selected studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Our primary efficacy outcomes were agitation and participant quality of life. Where possible, we pooled data across studies using a random effects model., Main Results: We identified three new studies, and therefore included 11 studies with 1071 participants in this review update. The mean age of participants was 78 to 88 years and most had moderate or severe dementia. Ten studies were RCTs (three studies randomised clusters to the study groups, six studies randomised individual participants, and one study randomised matched pairs of participants) and one study was a non-randomised clinical trial. Five studies included a control group receiving usual care, five studies an active control group (activities which were not personally tailored) and one study included both types of control group. The duration of follow-up ranged from 10 days to nine months. In nine studies personally tailored activities were delivered directly to the participants. In one study nursing staff, and in another study family members, were trained to deliver the activities. The selection of activities was based on different theoretical models, but the activities delivered did not vary substantially. We judged the risk of selection bias to be high in five studies, the risk of performance bias to be high in five studies and the risk of detection bias to be high in four studies. We found low-certainty evidence that personally tailored activities may slightly reduce agitation (standardised mean difference -0.26, 95% CI -0.53 to 0.01; I² = 50%; 7 studies, 485 participants). We also found low-certainty evidence from one study that was not included in the meta-analysis, indicating that personally tailored activities may make little or no difference to general restlessness, aggression, uncooperative behaviour, very negative and negative verbal behaviour (180 participants). Two studies investigated quality of life by proxy-rating. We found low-certainty evidence that personally tailored activities may result in little to no difference in quality of life in comparison with usual care or an active control group (MD -0.83, 95% CI -3.97 to 2.30; I² = 51%; 2 studies, 177 participants). Self-rated quality of life was only available for a small number of participants from one study, and there was little or no difference between personally tailored activities and usual care on this outcome (MD 0.26, 95% CI -3.04 to 3.56; 42 participants; low-certainty evidence). Two studies assessed adverse effects, but no adverse effects were observed. We are very uncertain about the effects of personally tailored activities on mood and positive affect. For negative affect we found moderate-certainty evidence that there is probably little to no effect of personally tailored activities compared to usual care or activities which are not personalised (standardised mean difference -0.02, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.14; 6 studies, 632 participants). We were not able to undertake meta-analyses for engagement and sleep-related outcomes, and we are very uncertain whether personally tailored activities have any effect on these outcomes. Two studies that investigated the duration of the effects of personally tailored activities indicated that the intervention effects they found persisted only during the period of delivery of the activities., Authors' Conclusions: Offering personally tailored activities to people with dementia in long-term care may slightly reduce agitation. Personally tailored activities may result in little to no difference in quality of life rated by proxies, but we acknowledge concerns about the validity of proxy ratings of quality of life in severe dementia. Personally tailored activities probably have little or no effect on negative affect, and we are uncertain whether they have any effect on positive affect or mood. There was no evidence that interventions were more likely to be effective if based on one theoretical model rather than another. We included three new studies in this updated review, but two studies were pilot trials and included only a small number of participants. Certainty of evidence was predominately very low or low due to several methodological limitations of and inconsistencies between the included studies. Evidence is still limited, and we remain unable to describe optimal activity programmes. Further research should focus on methods for selecting appropriate and meaningful activities for people in different stages of dementia., (Copyright © 2023 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
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- 2023
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44. Children's Symptoms with a Febrile Illness and a Positive or Negative Test of SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron Wave.
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Möhler R, Jenetzky E, Schwarz S, Gwiasda M, Rathjens L, and Martin DD
- Abstract
Febrile infections are common in childhood. Children can be infected with SARS-CoV-2, but their course is milder than in adults. So far, a comparison between febrile infections with a positive or negative Corona test with the Omicron variant is missing. The data used are from the FeverApp registry, which collects parent-reported data on febrile infections in children and informs about fever management. A comparison of symptomatic differences between episodes with a positive or negative Corona test was performed using Χ
2 -tests. During the Omicron wave, reported tests doubled and positive test results nearly 12-folded. In episodes with positive Corona saliva tests, more cough, fatigue, disturbed smell/taste, limb pain, sore throat, signs of serious sickness, and touch sensitivity were reported. Children with a negative Corona test show more tonsillitis, teething, any pain symptoms, earaches, and rashes. Thus, there are some significant differences between febrile infections with a positive or negative Corona test, but symptoms are present on both sides. The omicron variant seems to be more infectious than the alpha or delta variants in children, but the symptoms remain mild and do not differ much from other febrile infections.- Published
- 2023
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45. Reliability of Data Collected via Ecological Momentary Assessment on the Example of FeverApp Registry.
- Author
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Rathjens L, Gwiasda M, Schwarz S, Möhler R, Martin DD, and Jenetzky E
- Abstract
The FeverApp registry is an ambulant ecological momentary assessment (EMA) model registry focusing on research of fever in children. Verification of EMA reliability is a challenge, due to absence of other source data. To ensure the reliability of EMA data, 973 families were invited to reassess their documentation in a survey. The survey contained questions (a) regarding the number of children, (b) genuineness of entries, (c) completeness of submitted fever episodes, (d) medication, (e) usefulness and further usage of the app. Of those invited, 438 families (45% response rate) participated in the survey. Of these, 363 (83%) families have registered all their children, 208 families have one child. The majority (n = 325, 74.2%) of families stated that they only made genuine entries in the app. Agreement between survey and app for fever episodes is 90% (Cohen's κ = 0.75 [0.66, 0.82]). Medication shows 73.7% agreement, κ = 0.49 [0.42; 0.54]. The majority (n = 245, 55.9%) consider the app as an additional benefit and 87.3% would like to use it further. Email surveys are a possible approach to evaluate EMA based registry data. The possible observation units (children and fever episodes) show an adequate reliability. With this approach, surveys of further samples and variables could help to improve the quality of EMA based registries.
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- 2023
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46. Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia.
- Author
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Wilfling D, Calo S, Dichter MN, Meyer G, Möhler R, and Köpke S
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Caregivers psychology, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Dementia complications, Sleep Wake Disorders epidemiology, Sleep Wake Disorders therapy
- Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbances occur frequently in people with dementia with a reported prevalence of up to 40%. Common problems are increased number and duration of awakenings and increased percentage of light sleep. Sleep disturbances are associated with a number of problems for people with dementia, their relatives, and carers. In people with dementia, they may lead to worsening of cognitive symptoms, challenging behaviours such as restlessness or wandering, and further harms, such as accidental falls. Sleep disturbances are also associated with significant carer distress and have been reported as a factor contributing to institutionalisation of people with dementia. As pharmacological approaches have shown unsatisfactory results, there is a need to synthesise the research evidence on non-pharmacological strategies to improve sleep in people with dementia. As interventions are often complex, consisting of more than one active component, and implemented in complex contexts, it may not be easy to identify effective intervention components., Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and harms of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep disturbances in people with dementia compared to usual care, no treatment, any other non-pharmacological intervention, or any drug treatment intended to improve sleep, and to describe the components and processes of any complex intervention included., Search Methods: We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search was 13 January 2022., Selection Criteria: We included individually or cluster-randomised controlled trials in people with dementia comparing non-pharmacological interventions to improve sleep compared to usual care or to other interventions of any type. Eligible studies had to have a sleep-related primary outcome. We included people with a diagnosis of dementia and sleep problems at baseline irrespective of age, type of dementia, severity of cognitive impairment, or setting. Studies reporting results on a mixed sample (e.g. in a nursing home) were only considered for inclusion if at least 80% of participants had dementia., Data Collection and Analysis: We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were 1. objective sleep-related outcomes (e.g. total nocturnal sleep time, consolidated sleep time at night, sleep efficiency, total wake time at night (or time spent awake after sleep onset), number of nocturnal awakenings, sleep onset latency, daytime/night-time sleep ratio, night-time/total sleep ratio over 24 hours) and 2., Adverse Events: Our secondary outcomes were 3. subjective sleep-related outcomes, 4. behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, 5. quality of life, 6. functional status, 7. institutionalisation, 8. compliance with the intervention, and 9. attrition rates. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence and chose key outcomes to be included in summary of findings tables., Main Results: We included 19 randomised controlled trials with 1335 participants allocated to treatment or control groups. Fourteen studies were conducted in nursing homes, three included community residents, one included 'inpatients', one included people from a mental health centre, and one included people from district community centres for older people. Fourteen studies were conducted in the US. We also identified nine ongoing studies. All studies applied one or more non-pharmacological intervention aiming to improve physiological sleep in people with dementia and sleep problems. The most frequently examined single intervention was some form of light therapy (six studies), five studies included physical or social activities, three carer interventions, one daytime sleep restriction, one slow-stroke back massage, and one transcranial electrostimulation. Seven studies examined multimodal complex interventions. Risk of bias of included studies was frequently unclear due to incomplete reporting. Therefore, we rated no study at low risk of bias. We are uncertain whether light therapy has any effect on sleep-related outcomes (very low-certainty evidence). Physical activities may slightly increase the total nocturnal sleep time and sleep efficiency, and may reduce the total time awake at night and slightly reduce the number of awakenings at night (low-certainty evidence). Social activities may slightly increase total nocturnal sleep time and sleep efficiency (low-certainty evidence). Carer interventions may modestly increase total nocturnal sleep time, may slightly increase sleep efficiency, and may modestly decrease the total awake time during the night (low-certainty evidence from one study). Multimodal interventions may modestly increase total nocturnal sleep time and may modestly reduce the total wake time at night, but may result in little to no difference in number of awakenings (low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain about the effects of multimodal interventions on sleep efficiency (very low-certainty evidence). We found low-certainty evidence that daytime sleep restrictions, slow-stroke back massage, and transcranial electrostimulation may result in little to no difference in sleep-related outcomes. Only two studies reported information about adverse events, detecting only few such events in the intervention groups., Authors' Conclusions: Despite the inclusion of 19 randomised controlled trials, there is a lack of conclusive evidence concerning non-pharmacological interventions for sleep problems in people with dementia. Although neither single nor multimodal interventions consistently improved sleep with sufficient certainty, we found some positive effects on physical and social activities as well as carer interventions. Future studies should use rigorous methods to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal interventions using current guidelines on the development and evaluation of complex interventions. At present, no single or multimodal intervention can be clearly identified as suitable for widespread implementation., (Copyright © 2023 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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47. Parental Confidence in Relation to Antipyretic Use, Warning Signs, Symptoms and Well-Being in Fever Management-Results from an App-Based Registry.
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Möhler R, Jenetzky E, Schwarz S, Gwiasda M, Rathjens L, Szoke H, and Martin D
- Subjects
- Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Fever diagnosis, Fever drug therapy, Registries, Antipyretics therapeutic use, Mobile Applications
- Abstract
Parents' confidence regarding their children's fever is a key factor in its management and there is still unnecessary anxiety and associated antipyretic overuse. The FeverApp application collects naturalistic real-time data on febrile infections and educates parents on fever management. Logistic regression examined the associations between (1) parental confidence and (2) antipyretics use with fever relevant parameters. First entry data of 3721 children (mean age 21 months; SD 22.97) was assessed. A total of 58.0% of parents felt confident upon first fever documentation. Warning signs [OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.40-0.61], dehydration [OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52-0.81], fever [OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.57-0.80] and having a female child [OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.90] had the highest negative association with parental confidence. Antipyretics were used initially in 14.7% of children. Fever had the highest positive [OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.89-3.50] and well-being the highest negative association with antipyretic use [OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.22-0.63). In the first entry data, parental confidence was related to children's health condition in a reasonable medical manner. The use of antipyretics was mostly associated with febrile temperature, but also low well-being. Thus, associations were partly in accordance with recent guidelines.
- Published
- 2022
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48. Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings.
- Author
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Abraham J, Hirt J, Richter C, Köpke S, Meyer G, and Möhler R
- Subjects
- Aged, Emergency Service, Hospital, Hospitalization, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Hospitals, General, Restraint, Physical
- Abstract
Background: Physical restraints, such as bedrails, belts in chairs or beds, and fixed tables, are commonly used for older people in general hospital settings. Reasons given for using physical restraints are to prevent falls and fall-related injuries, to control challenging behavior (such as agitation or wandering), and to ensure the delivery of medical treatments. Clear evidence of their effectiveness is lacking, and potential harms are recognised, including injuries associated with the use of physical restraints and a negative impact on people's well-being. There are widespread recommendations that their use should be reduced or eliminated., Objectives: To assess the best evidence for the effects and safety of interventions aimed at preventing and reducing the use of physical restraint of older people in general hospital settings. To describe the content, components and processes of these interventions., Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's register, MEDLINE (Ovid SP), Embase (Ovid SP), PsycINFO (Ovid SP), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), LILACS (BIREME), ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's meta-register the International Clinical Trials Registry Portal on 20 April 2022., Selection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that investigated the effects of interventions that aimed to prevent or reduce the use of physical restraints in general hospital settings. Eligible settings were acute care and rehabilitation wards. We excluded emergency departments, intensive care and psychiatric units, as well as the use of restrictive measures for penal reasons (e.g. prisoners in general medical wards). We included studies with a mean age of study participants of at least 65 years. Control groups received usual care or active control interventions that were ineligible for inclusion as experimental interventions., Data Collection and Analysis: Two review authors independently selected the articles for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of all included studies. Data were unsuitable for meta-analysis, and we reported results narratively. We used GRADE methods to describe our certainty in the results., Main Results: We included four studies: two randomised controlled trials (one individually-randomised, parallel-group trial and one clustered, stepped-wedge trial) and two controlled clinical trials (both with a clustered design). One study was conducted in general medical wards in Canada and three studies were conducted in rehabilitation hospitals in Hong Kong. A total of 1709 participants were included in three studies; in the fourth study the number of participants was not reported. The mean age ranged from 67 years to 84 years. The duration of follow-up covered the period of patients' hospitalisation in one study (21 days average length of stay) and ranged from 4 to 11 months in the other studies. The definition of physical restraints differed slightly, and one study did not include bedrails. Three studies investigated organisational interventions aimed at implementing a least-restraint policy to reduce physical restraints. The theoretical approach of the interventions and the content of the educational components was comparable across studies. The fourth study investigated the use of pressure sensors for participants with an increased falls risk, which gave an alarm if the participant left the bed or chair. Control groups in all studies received usual care. Three studies were at high risk of selection bias and risk of detection bias was unclear in all studies. Because of very low-certainty evidence, we are uncertain about the effect of organisational interventions aimed at implementing a least-restraint policy on our primary efficacy outcome: the use of physical restraints in general hospital settings. One study found an increase in the number of participants with at least one physical restraint in the intervention and control groups, one study found a small reduction in both groups, and in the third study (the stepped-wedge study), the number of participants with at least one physical restraint decreased in all clusters after implementation of the intervention but no detailed information was reported. For the use of bed or chair pressure sensor alarms for people with an increased fall risk, we found moderate-certainty evidence of little to no effect of the intervention on the number of participants with at least one physical restraint compared with usual care. None of the studies systematically assessed adverse events related to use of physical restraint use, e.g. direct injuries, or reported such events. We are uncertain about the effect of organisational interventions aimed at implementing a least-restraint policy on the number of participants with at least one fall (very low-certainty evidence), and there was no evidence that organisational interventions or the use of bed or chair pressure sensor alarms for people with an increased fall risk reduce the number of falls (low-certainty evidence from one study each). None of the studies reported fall-related injuries. We found low-certainty evidence that organisational interventions may result in little to no difference in functioning (including mobility), and moderate-certainty evidence that the use of bed or chair pressure sensor alarms has little to no effect on mobility. We are uncertain about the effect of organisational interventions on the use of psychotropic medication; one study found no difference in the prescription of psychotropic medication. We are uncertain about the effect of organisational interventions on nurses' attitudes and knowledge about the use of physical restraints (very low-certainty evidence)., Authors' Conclusions: We are uncertain whether organisational interventions aimed at implementing a least-restraint policy can reduce physical restraints in general hospital settings. The use of pressure sensor alarms in beds or chairs for people with an increased fall risk has probably little to no effect on the use of physical restraints. Because of the small number of studies and the study limitations, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further research on effective strategies to implement a least-restraint policy and to overcome barriers to physical restraint reduction in general hospital settings is needed., (Copyright © 2022 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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49. Structured Care Protocols to Reduce Behavior That Challenges in People With Dementia: A Systematic Review.
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Manietta C, Labonté V, and Möhler R
- Subjects
- Anxiety, Humans, Nursing Homes, Pain, Dementia therapy, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Objectives: People with dementia often express behavior that challenges, such as agitation and aggression. Structured care protocols aim to identify common causes of behavior and facilitate the selection of appropriate treatments. The protocols comprise different steps including specific assessments and related nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments. We aim to assess the effects of such protocols to reduce behavior that challenges., Design: Systematic review according to the methods of Cochrane and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020155706)., Setting and Participants: People with dementia living in nursing homes., Methods: The systematic search (September 2020) included databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library) and other sources. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment for all included studies. A narrative synthesis was conducted owing to the small number of studies and the heterogeneity of instruments., Results: Four studies with 596 participants were included. Three studies compared a version of the Serial Trial Intervention, with control groups receiving education about behavior that challenges. One study compared 2 versions of the intervention. The methodologic quality was moderate. For behavior that challenges, there was little to no effect of structured care protocols (4 studies). Two studies found little to no effect on pain and quality of life. Structured care protocols may reduce discomfort (2 studies). None of the studies reported adverse effects. The certainty of evidence was low to moderate. Implementation fidelity of the structured care protocols was limited, although this was not assessed in all of the studies., Conclusion and Implications: Structured care protocols seem not to be more beneficial than education for reducing behavior that challenges or pain, but may reduce discomfort in people with dementia in nursing homes. Based on the small number of studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further research should focus on the feasibility and implementation of structured care protocols., (Copyright © 2021 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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50. [Development and feasibility of an intervention to reduce physical restraints in hospitals: A mixed methods study].
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Abraham J, Neef R, Meyer G, and Möhler R
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- Aged, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Hospitals, General, Restraint, Physical
- Abstract
Development and feasibility of an intervention to reduce physical restraints in hospitals: A mixed methods study Abstract. Background: Physical restraints (PR) are regularly used in people with dementia or delirium in general hospital settings. There is no clear evidence for the effectiveness of PR, but their use is associated with an increased risk for harm. Therefore, a restraint-free care is recommended. Aim: Development and feasibility test of an intervention to reduce PR in general hospital settings. Methods: Systematic literature reviews and theory-guided modelling of an intervention involving relevant clinical stakeholders and mixed methods study in two wards of a university hospital (geriatric traumatology and neurology). Results: The complex intervention comprises the following components: qualification of multipliers, interprofessional education about PR reduction, regular audit and feedback meetings, and the support regarding the aim of the intervention from nursing and medical leaders. The results of the feasibility test indicate that the intervention is feasible and helpful, but the interprofessional approach was not implemented as planned. An important barrier hampering PR reduction was the high workload. The results on the prevalence of PR could not be interpreted due to a very low number of measures applied. Conclusion: The complex intervention with a multiplier approach for preventing PR use was judged as feasible, but there is a need for further development to strengthen interprofessional cooperation. The feasibility of the intervention should also be tested in other departments.
- Published
- 2022
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