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39 results on '"Möhlenkamp, T."'

1. Universality of Spectator Fragmentation at Relativistic Bombarding Energies

Author

Schuettauf, A., Kunze, W. D., Woerner, A., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, Th., Bowman, D. R., Charity, R. J., Cosmo, A., Ferrero, A., Gelbke, C. K., Gross, C., Hsi, W. C., Hubele, J., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kreutz, P., Kunde, G. J., Lindenstruth, V., Lisa, M. A., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Mang, M., Moehlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Mueller, W. F. J., Neumann, M., Ocker, B., Ogilvie, C. A., Peaslee, G. F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Rubehn, Th., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sobotka, L. G., Stroth, J., Stuttge, L., Tomasevic, S., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Tsang, M. B., Tucholski, A., Verde, G., Williams, C. W., Zude, E., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Multi-fragment decays of 129Xe, 197Au, and 238U projectiles in collisions with Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au, and U targets at energies between E/A = 400 MeV and 1000 MeV have been studied with the ALADIN forward-spectrometer at SIS. By adding an array of 84 Si-CsI(Tl) telescopes the solid-angle coverage of the setup was extended to \theta_lab = 16 degree. This permitted the complete detection of fragments from the projectile-spectator source. The dominant feature of the systematic set of data is the Z_bound universality that is obeyed by the fragment multiplicities and correlations. These observables are invariant with respect to the entrance channel if plotted as a function of Z_bound, where Z_bound is the sum of the atomic numbers Z_i of all projectile fragments with Z_i \geq 2. No significant dependence on the bombarding energy nor on the target mass is observed. The dependence of the fragment multiplicity on the projectile mass follows a linear scaling law. The reasons for and the limits of the observed universality of spectator fragmentation are explored within the realm of the available data and with model studies. It is found that the universal properties should persist up to much higher bombarding energies than explored in this work and that they are consistent with universal features exhibited by the intranuclear cascade and statistical multifragmentation models. PACS numbers: 25.70.Mn, 25.70.Pq, 25.75.-q, Comment: Plain Tex, 49 pages including 20 eps figures. Also available from http://www-kp3.gsi.de/www/kp3/aladin_publications.html

Published
1996
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2. A systematic study of the nuclear caloric curve

Author

Raciti, G., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Giudice, N., Gross, C., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoss, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Müller, W. F. J., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Pochodzalla, J., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Sajia, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Xi, H., and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
1998
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3. Breakup temperature of target spectators in 197Au + 197Au collisions at E/A = 1000 MeV

Author

Xi, Hongfei, Odeh, T., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Botvina, A. S., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Rubehn, Th., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
1997
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4. Electromagnetic fission of238U at 600 and 1000 MeV per nucleon

Author

Rubehn, Th., Müller, W. F. J., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, Th., Ferrero, A., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lindenstruth, V., Lynen, U., Möhlenkamp, T., Moretto, L. G., Ocker, B., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Reito, S., Sann, H., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Zude, E., and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
1995
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5. Interplay of equilibrium and nonequilibrium phenomena in the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition

Author

Zwieglinski, B., Odeh, T., Gross, C., Schwarz, C., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Gourio, D., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoss, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Moroni, A., Möhlenkamp, T., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Giorgio Maria Riccobene, Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Sann, H., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., and Xi, H.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Liquid gas, Non-equilibrium thermodynamics, Thermodynamics, STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION, GOLD, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Energy spectra of protons emitted by the target residue in Au+Au collisions at 1 GeV/u reveal two components with different slopes attributed to preequilibrium and equilibrium emission. The relative contribution of the latter decreases rapidly with excitation energy, so that its presence becomes not apparent for the highest energy bins. It is argued therefore, that equilibrium may not be reached on the gas branch of the caloric curve. The nuclear liquid-gas phase transition thus belongs to the category of nonequilibrium phase transitions for which the concepts developed in synergetics, such as self-organized criticality, provide the proper framework.

Published
2001
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6. Time Scales in Spectator Fragmentation

Author

Schwarz, C., Fritz, S., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Gourio, D., Gross, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoss, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Nociforo, W. F. J. M. C., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Proton-proton correlations and correlations of p-a, d-a, and t-a from spectator decays following 197$Au + 197Au collisions at 1000 AMeV have been measured with an highly efficient detector hodoscope. The constructed correlation functions indicate a moderate expansion and low breakup densities similar to assumptions made in statistical multifragmentation models. In agreement with a volume breakup rather short time scales were deduced employing directional cuts in proton-proton correlations.

Published
2001

7. Thermal and Chemical Freeze-out in Spectator Fragmentation

Author

Trautmann, W., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Ferrero, A., Fritz, S., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Le Fevre, A., Lindenstruth, V., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Orth, H., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Rubehn, T., Saija, A., Sann, H., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trzcinski, A., Tucholski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., Zwieglinski, B., Trautmann, W., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Ferrero, A., Fritz, S., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Le Fevre, A., Lindenstruth, V., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Orth, H., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Rubehn, T., Saija, A., Sann, H., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trzcinski, A., Tucholski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., and Zwieglinski, B.

Abstract

Isotope temperatures from double ratios of hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, and carbon isotopic yields, and excited-state temperatures from yield ratios of particle-unstable resonances in 4He, 5Li, and 8Be, were determined for spectator fragmentation, following collisions of 197Au with targets ranging from C to Au at incident energies of 600 and 1000 MeV per nucleon. A deviation of the isotopic from the excited-state temperatures is observed which coincides with the transition from residue formation to multi-fragment production, suggesting a chemical freeze-out prior to thermal freeze-out in bulk disintegrations.

Published
2007

8. Breakup Temperature of Target Spectators in 197 AU + 197 AU Collisions at E/A = 1000 MeV

Author

Hongfei, X., Odeh, T., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Botvina, A. S., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Petruzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Rubehn, T., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Zwieglinski, B., Müller, W. F. J., and Moroni, A.

Published
1997

9. Nuclear Caloric Curve

Author

Raciti, G., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Mahi, M., Moroni, A., Möhlenkamp, T., Müller, W. F. J., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Petruzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Rubehn, T., Sajia, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Xi, H., Zude, E., and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
1997

14. Charge-pickup of $^{238}$U at relativistic energies

Author

Rubehn, T, Bassini, R, Begemann-Blaich, M L, Blaich, T, Ferrero, A, Gross, C, Imme, G, Iori, I, Kunde, G J, Kunze, W D, Lindenstruth, V, Lynen, U, Möhlenkamp, T, Moretto, L G, Müller, W F, Ocker, B, Pochodzalla, J, Raciti, G, Reito, S, Sann, H, Schüttauf, A, Seidel, W, Serfling, V, Trautmann, W, Trzcinski, A, Verde, G, Wörner, A, Zude, E, and Zwieglinski, B

Subjects
Nuclear Physics
Published
1996

18. Total and nuclear fission cross sections of $^{238}$U at relativistic energies

Author

Rubehn, T, Bassini, R, Begemann-Blaich, M L, Blaich, T, Ferrero, A, Gross, C, Imme, G, Iori, I, Kunde, G J, Kunze, W D, Lindenstruth, V, Lynen, U, Möhlenkamp, T, Moretto, L G, Müller, W F, Ocker, B, Pochodzalla, J, Raciti, G, Reito, S, Sann, H, Schüttauf, A, Seidel, W, Serfling, V, Trautmann, W, Trzcinski, A, Verde, G, Wörner, A, Zude, E, and Zwieglinski, B

Subjects
Nuclear Physics
Published
1996

19. Probing the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition

Author

Pochodzalla, J., Möhlenkamp, T., Rubehn, T., Schüttauf, A., Wörner, A., Zude, E., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, T., Emling, H., Ferrero, A., Gross, C. J., Immé, G., Iori, I., and u. a.

Published
1995

20. Fragment Kinetic Energies and Modes of Fragment Formation

Author

Odeh, T., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Gourio, D., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., Zwieglinski, B., Odeh, T., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., Gourio, D., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., and Zwieglinski, B.

Abstract

Kinetic energies of light fragments (A ? 10) from the decay of target spectators in 197Au + 197Au collisions at 1000 MeV per nucleon have been measured with high-resolution telescopes at backward angles. Except for protons and apart from the observed evaporation components, the kinetic-energy spectra exhibit slope temperatures of about 17 MeV, independent of the particle species, but not corresponding to the thermal or chemical degrees of freedom at breakup. It is suggested that these slope temperatures may reflect the intrinsic Fermi motion and thus the buld density of the spectator system at the instant of becoming unstable.

Published
2000

21. Thermal and chemical freeze-out in spectator fragmentation

Author

Trautmann, W., primary, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Fritz, S., additional, Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., additional, Groß, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Fèvre, A. Le, additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Łukasik, J., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Maddalena, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Nociforo, C., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Odeh, T., additional, Orth, H., additional, Petruzzelli, F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Romano, F. P., additional, Rubehn, Th., additional, Saija, A., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sfienti, C., additional, Trzciński, A., additional, Tucholski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, Hongfei, additional, and Zwiegliński, B., additional

Published
2007
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22. Temperatures of Exploding Nuclei

Author

Serfling, V., Schwarz, C., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., Zwieglinski, B., Serfling, V., Schwarz, C., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., Nociforo, C., Ocker, B., Odeh, T., Petruzzelli, F., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Riccobene, G., Romano, F. P., Saija, A., Schnittker, M., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Hongfei, X., and Zwieglinski, B.

Abstract

Breakup temperatures in central collisions of 197 Au + 197Au at bombarding energies E/A = 50 to 200 MeV were determined with two methods. Isotope temperatures, deduced from double ratios of hydrogen, helium, and lithium isotopic yields, increase monotonically with bombarding energy from 5 to 12 MeV, in qualitative agreement with a scenario of chemical freeze-out after adiabatic expansion. Excited-state temperatures, derived from yield ratios of states in 4He, 5,6Li, and 8Be, are about 5 MeV, independent of projectile energy, and seem to reflect the internal temperature of fragments at their final separation from system.

Published
1998

23. SURVEYING TEMPERATURE AND DENSITY MEASUREMENTS IN NUCLEAR CALORIMETRY

Author

RACITI, G., primary, BASSINI, R., additional, BEGEMANN-BLAICH, M., additional, FRITZ, S., additional, GROß, C., additional, IMMÈ, G., additional, IORI, I., additional, LYNEN, U., additional, MAHI, M., additional, MÖHLENKAMP, T., additional, MÜLLER, W.F.J., additional, OCKER, B., additional, ODEH, T., additional, POCHODZALLA, J., additional, RICCOBENE, G., additional, ROMANO, F.P., additional, SAIJA, A., additional, SCHWARZ, C., additional, SERFLING, V., additional, SCHNITTKER, M., additional, SCHÜTTAUF, A., additional, SEIDEL, W., additional, SFIENTI, C., additional, TRAUTMANN, W., additional, TRZCLNSKI, A., additional, VERDE, G., additional, XI, HONGFEI, additional, and ZWIEGLINSKI, B., additional

Published
2001
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24. Time scales in spectator fragmentation

Author

Schwarz, C., primary, Fritz, S., additional, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Gaff-Ejakov, S.J., additional, Gourio, D., additional, Groß, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G.J., additional, Kunze, W.D., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Maddalena, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W.F.J., additional, Nociforo, G., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Ohed, T., additional, Pertruzzelli, F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Romano, F.P., additional, Saija, A., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sfienti, C., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, Hongfei, additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
2001
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25. Electromagnetic Fission of 238U at 600 and 1000 MeV per Nucleon

Author

Rubehn, T., Müller, W. F. J., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, T., Ferrero, A., Gross, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lindenstruht, V., Lynen, U., Möhlenkamp, T., Moretto, L. G., Ocker, B., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Reito, S., Sann, H., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Zude, E., Zwieglinski, B., Rubehn, T., Müller, W. F. J., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, T., Ferrero, A., Gross, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lindenstruht, V., Lynen, U., Möhlenkamp, T., Moretto, L. G., Ocker, B., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Reito, S., Sann, H., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Zude, E., and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
1995

26. Fragment Kinetic Energies and Modes of Fragment Formation

Author

Odeh, T., primary, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Fritz, S., additional, Gaff-Ejakov, S. J., additional, Gourio, D., additional, Groß, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Maddalena, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Nociforo, C., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Petruzzelli, F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Romano, F. P., additional, Saija, A., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sfienti, C., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, Hongfei, additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
2000
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27. Breakup density in spectator fragmentation

Author

Fritz, S., primary, Schwarz, C., additional, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Gaff-Ejakov, S.J., additional, Gourio, D., additional, Groß, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G.J., additional, Kunze, W.D., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Maddalena, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W.F.J., additional, Nociforo, C., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Odeh, T., additional, Petruzzelli, F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Romano, F.P., additional, Saija, A., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sfienti, C., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, Hongfei, additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1999
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28. Temperatures of Exploding Nuclei

Author

Serfling, V., primary, Schwarz, C., additional, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Fritz, S., additional, Gaff, S. J., additional, Groß, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Maddalena, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Nociforo, C., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Odeh, T., additional, Petruzzelli, F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Romano, F. P., additional, Saija, A., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Sfienti, C., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, Hongfei, additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1998
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29. Present status of the caloric curve of nuclei

Author

Lynen, U., primary, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Emling, H., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Fritz, S., additional, Gaff, S.J., additional, Groß, C., additional, Imme, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kleinevoß, U., additional, Kunde, G.J., additional, Kunze, W.D., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Mahi, M., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Müller, W.F.J., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Odeh, T., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Rubehn, Th., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schnittker, M., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Xi, H., additional, Zude, E., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1998
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30. Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies

Author

Schüttauf, A., primary, Kunze, W.D., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Bowman, D.R., additional, Charity, R.J., additional, Cosmo, A., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gelbke, C.K., additional, Groß, C., additional, Hsi, W.C., additional, Hubele, J., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kempter, J., additional, Kreutz, P., additional, Kunde, G.J., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lisa, M.A., additional, Lynch, W.G., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Mang, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W.F.J., additional, Neumann, M., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Ogilvie, C.A., additional, Peaslee, G.F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Rosenberger, F., additional, Rubehn, Th., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sobotka, L.G., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Stuttge, L., additional, Tomasevic, S., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Tsang, M.B., additional, Tucholski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Williams, C.W., additional, Zude, E., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1996
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31. Total and nuclear fission cross sections ofU238at relativistic energies

Author

Rubehn, Th., primary, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gro\S, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moretto, L. G., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Reito, S., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Zude, E., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1996
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32. Pochodzallaet al.Reply

Author

Pochodzalla, J., primary, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Rubehn, T., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Zude, E., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Emling, H., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gross, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Tucholski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1996
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33. Charge pickup ofU238at relativistic energies

Author

Rubehn, Th., primary, Bassini, R., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gro\S, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moretto, L. G., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Reito, S., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Zude, E., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1996
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34. Probing the Nuclear Liquid-Gas Phase Transition

Author

Pochodzalla, J., primary, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Rubehn, T., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Zude, E., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Emling, H., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gross, C., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kunde, G. J., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Sann, H., additional, Schwarz, C., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trzcinski, A., additional, Tucholski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1995
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35. Fragment Flow and the Multifragmentation Phase Space

Author

Kunde, G. J., primary, Hsi, W. C., additional, Kunze, W. D., additional, Schüttauf, A., additional, Wörner, A., additional, Begemann-Blaich, M., additional, Blaich, Th., additional, Bowman, D. R., additional, Charity, R. J., additional, Cosmo, A., additional, Ferrero, A., additional, Gelbke, C. K., additional, Hubele, J., additional, Immé, G., additional, Iori, I., additional, Kreutz, P., additional, Lindenstruth, V., additional, Lisa, M. A., additional, Lynch, W. G., additional, Lynen, U., additional, Mang, M., additional, Möhlenkamp, T., additional, Moroni, A., additional, Müller, W. F. J., additional, Neumann, M., additional, Ocker, B., additional, Ogilvie, C. A., additional, Peaslee, G. F., additional, Pochodzalla, J., additional, Raciti, G., additional, Rubehn, T., additional, Sann, H., additional, Seidel, W., additional, Serfling, V., additional, Sobotka, L. G., additional, Stroth, J., additional, Stuttge, L., additional, Tomasevic, S., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Tsang, M. B., additional, Tucholski, A., additional, Verde, G., additional, Williams, C. W., additional, Zude, E., additional, and Zwieglinski, B., additional

Published
1995
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36. Breakup temperature of target spectators in 197Au + 197Au collisions at E/A = 1000 MeV.

Author

Xi, Hongfei, Odeh, T., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Botvina, A. S., Fritz, S., Gaff, S. J., Groß, C., Immé, G., Iori, I., Kleinevoß, U., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lynen, U., Maddalena, V., Mahi, M., Möhlenkamp, T., Moroni, A., Müller, W. F. J., and Nociforo, C.

Abstract

Breakup temperatures were deduced from double ratios of isotope yields for target spectators produced in the reaction 197Au + 197Au at 1000 MeV per nucleon. Pairs of 3,4He and 6,7Li isotopes and pairs of 3,4He and H isotopes (p, d and d, t) yield consistent temperatures after feeding corrections, based on the quantum statistical model, are applied. The temperatures rise with decreasing impact parameter from 4 MeV for peripheral to about 10 MeV for the most central collisions. The good agreement with the breakup temperatures measured previously for projectile spectators at an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon confirms the universality established for the spectator decayat relativistic bombarding energies. The measured temperatures also agree with the breakup temperatures predicted by the statistical multifragmentation model. For these calculations a relation between the initial excitation energy and mass was derived which gives good simultaneous agreement for the fragment charge correlations. The energy spectra of light charged particles, measured at τlab = 150°, exhibit Maxwellian shapes with inverse slope parameters much higher than the breakup temperatures. The statistical multifragmentation model, because Coulomb repulsion and sequential decay processes are included, yields light-particle spectra with inverse slope parameters higher than the breakup temperatures but considerably below the measured values. The systematic behavior of the differences suggests that they are caused by light-charged-particle emission prior to the final breakup stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997
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37. Electromagnetic fission of238U at 600 and 1000 MeV per nucleon

Author

Rubehn, Th., Müller, W. F. J., Bassini, R., Begemann-Blaich, M., Blaich, Th., Ferrero, A., Groß, C., Imme, G., Iori, I., Kunde, G. J., Kunze, W. D., Lindenstruth, V., Lynen, U., Möhlenkamp, T., Moretto, L. G., Ocker, B., Pochodzalla, J., Raciti, G., Reito, S., Sann, H., Schüttauf, A., Seidel, W., Serfling, V., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Verde, G., Wörner, A., Zude, E., and Zwieglinski, B.

Abstract

Electromagnetic fission of238U projectiles at E/A =600 and 1000 MeV was studied with the ALADIN spectrometer at the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS. Seven different targets (Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au and U) were used. By considering only those fission events where the two charges added up to 92, most of the nuclear interactions were excluded. The nuclear contributions to the measured fission cross sections were determined by extrapolating from beryllium to the heavier targets with the concept of factorization. The obtained cross sections for electromagnetic fission are well reproduced by extended Weizsäcker-Williams calculations which include E1 and E2 excitations. The asymmetry of the fission fragments' charge distribution gives evidence for the excitation of the double giant-dipole resonance in uranium.

Published
1995
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38. Long-Term Course of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Outpatients After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Author

Schiffner J, Backhaus I, Rimmele J, Schulz S, Möhlenkamp T, Klemens JM, Zapf D, Solbach W, and Mischnik A

Subjects
Antibodies, Viral, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunoglobulin G, Outpatients, Prospective Studies, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

Characterization of the naturally acquired B and T cell immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for the development of public health and vaccination strategies to manage the burden of COVID-19 disease. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional analysis in COVID-19 recovered patients at various time points over a 10-month period in order to investigate how circulating antibody levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release by peripheral blood cells change over time following natural infection. From March 2020 till January 2021, we enrolled 412 adults mostly with mild or moderate disease course. At each study visit, subjects donated peripheral blood for testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and IFN-γ release after SARS-CoV-2 S-protein stimulation. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were positive in 316 of 412 (76.7%) and borderline in 31 of 412 (7.5%) patients. Our confirmation assay for the presence of neutralizing antibodies was positive in 215 of 412 (52.2%) and borderline in 88 of 412 (21.4%) patients. Likewise, in 274 of 412 (66.5%) positive IFN-γ release and IgG antibodies were detected. With respect to time after infection, both IgG antibody levels and IFN-γ concentrations decreased by about half within 300 days. Statistically, production of IgG and IFN-γ were closely associated, but on an individual basis, we observed patients with high-antibody titres but low IFN-γ levels and vice versa. Our data suggest that immunological reaction is acquired in most individuals after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and is sustained in the majority of patients for at least 10 months after infection after a mild or moderate disease course. Since, so far, no robust marker for protection against COVID-19 exists, we recommend utilizing both, IgG and IFN-γ release for an individual assessment of the immunity status., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Schiffner, Backhaus, Rimmele, Schulz, Möhlenkamp, Klemens, Zapf, Solbach and Mischnik.)

Published
2021
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39. Pochodzalla et al. reply.

Author

Pochodzalla J, Möhlenkamp T, Rubehn T, Schüttauf A, Wörner A, Zude E, Begemann-Blaich M, Blaich T, Emling H, Ferrero A, Gross C, Immé G, Iori I I, Kunde GJ, Kunze WD, Lindenstruth V V, Lynen U, Moroni A, Müller WF, Ocker B, Raciti G, Sann H, Schwarz C, Seidel W, Serfling V V, Stroth J, Trautmann W, Trzcinski A, Tucholski A, Verde G, and Zwieglinski B

Published
1996
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