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Parmi les nombreuses modalités de la transmission du savoir en Psychiatrie et Psychologie clinique, les écrits ont toujours constitué un très grand domaine. Mais les nouveaux moyens d'expression et de communication sont venus diversifier les modalités d'enseignement et de formation personnelle au milieu de la diversification des courants psychiatriques, des moyens d'exploration et des méthodes thérapeutiques. Le rapport entre la théorie et la pratique constitue le centre des modes de la transmission dans les caractéristiques spécifiques des différents courants de la Psychiatrie française : 1) Les conceptions psychiatriques qui s'intéressent aux différents réseaux neurobiologiques, et biochimiques, aux recherches génétiques et à l'intelligence artificielle, se trouvent confrontées dans leurs évolutions actuelles aux exigences épistémologiques de l'explication et de la compréhension. Et la Psychiatrie dans sa complexité ne peut pas et ne pourra pas en faire l'économie ; 2) Les différentes dimensions psychopathologiques qui sous-tendent les diverses conceptions des troubles psychiatriques de l'enfant, de l'adolescent et de l'adulte sont constamment confrontées aux relations entre les conceptions théoriques et les modalités pratiques, dans la relation clinique et dans les conduites thérapeutiques. Nous proposons d'aborder un certain nombre de réflexions dans ce domaine, en interrogeant les grandes conceptions psychopathologiques actuelles. Et cette réflexion insiste beaucoup sur la nécessité de clarifier les concepts, les perspectives et les projets ; 3) Les dimensions épistémologiques peuvent alors permettre de bien situer les nombreux écrits concernant la transmission de la Psychiatrie et de ses domaines : – et tout d'abord, les études sur les relations entre la théorie et la pratique permettent de bien distinguer les diverses catégories. Elles invitent à bien comprendre les dynamiques spécifiques de la compréhension des troubles psychiatriques ; – les travaux sur les relations entre les domaines du temps et des sciences de la vie correspondent à des attitudes épistémologiques très importantes à prendre en compte. Les neurosciences qui nourrissent beaucoup actuellement la Médecine et la Psychiatrie nous font rentrer dans « la connaissance de la vie ». Les différents travaux nous font rejoindre ce qui relève de « l'objectivité du savant » et de la « subjectivité du vivant ». Nous pouvons alors rejoindre les conceptions anthropologiques de la philosophie de la vie où nous allons retrouver dans les différents troubles psychiatriques les problématiques essentielles du sens de la vie que tout homme porte en lui. Among the many ways in which knowledge is transmitted in psychiatry and clinical psychology, written communication has always been a vast field. But new means of expression and communication have brought about a diversity in the modalities used in teaching and personal training in the midst of the diversification of psychiatric currents, the means of exploration, and therapeutic methods. The relationship between theory and practice is central to the means of transmission in the specific characteristics of the different currents of French psychiatry: 1) Psychiatric conceptions which focus on the various neurobiological and biochemical networks, genetic research and artificial intelligence are confronted in their current evolution with the epistemological demands of explanation and understanding. And psychiatry, in all its complexity, cannot and will not be spared adopting these same demands; 2) The different psychopathological dimensions that underlie the various concepts of psychiatric disorders in children, adolescents and adults are constantly confronted with the relationship between theoretical conceptions and practical modalities, in the clinical relationship and in therapeutic conduct. In this article, we propose to address a certain number of reflections in this field, by questioning the principal psychopathological conceptions of today. And this reflection places great emphasis on the need to clarify concepts, perspectives and projects; 3) Epistemological dimensions can thereby render it possible to identify the numerous articles concerning the transmission of psychiatry and its fields: – First and foremost, studies on the relationship between theory and practice make it possible to distinguish between the various categories. They provide a clear understanding of the specific dynamics involved in understanding psychiatric disorders; – Studies on the relationship between the fields of time and life sciences correspond to very important epistemological attitudes that are very important to be taken into account. The neurosciences which are currently playing a key role in medicine and psychiatry usher us into "the knowledge of life". These various studies compel us to consider just what the relationship is betweenthe "objectivity of the scientist" and the "subjectivity of the living". We can then turn our attention to the anthropological concepts concerning the philosophy of life where we will find in the various psychiatric disorders the essential questions about the meaning of life that are present in the mind of every human being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cet article est d'évaluer l'efficacité de la méthode systémique et stratégique de Palo Alto pour intervenir lorsqu'une situation de harcèlement scolaire est avérée. Pour évaluer l'efficacité de cette méthode, nous avons décidé de prendre un groupe de comparaison comprenant des interventions régulièrement mobilisées par les établissements scolaires et leurs réseaux d'aide. Nous avons récolté le témoignage de douze élèves victimes de harcèlement scolaire âgés de 9 à 22 ans (M = 12,58, ET = 3,53). Ce faible échantillon est représentatif de la difficulté d'accès à cette population ainsi qu'au peu de professionnels formés sur le terrain. Afin de pouvoir comparer et évaluer l'efficacité des méthodes d'intervention, deux entretiens étaient réalisés auprès de l'élève victime : un pré-test lorsque le professionnel n'avait encore rien mis en place pour améliorer la situation de l'élève et un post-test, trois mois après la fin de l'intervention du professionnel. Nous avons utilisé une méthodologie mixte complémentaire où les résultats qualitatifs ont pour objectif de venir soutenir les résultats quantitatifs. Cependant, étant donné notre faible échantillon, les analyses quantitatives sont à considérer de manière uniquement exploratoire et descriptive. Ces analyses nous ont permis de mesurer statistiquement l'efficacité des interventions via quatre concepts : le sentiment de victimisation, l'estime de soi, l'acceptation par les pairs et le degré de souffrance. Notre recherche a montré que la méthode systémique et stratégique de Palo Alto avait permis de faire cesser le harcèlement scolaire dans cinq situations sur six. Pour la sixième situation, le harcèlement a diminué, mais ne s'est pas complètement arrêté. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence que la méthode systémique et stratégique de Palo Alto a eu un effet significatif sur la diminution de la souffrance perçue, sur l'augmentation de l'acceptation du jeune par les pairs et la diminution du sentiment de victimisation en comparaison aux autres méthodes régulièrement employées par les établissements scolaires et leurs réseaux d'aide. Concernant l'estime de soi, nos données montrent une augmentation significative pour les élèves bénéficiant des autres types de méthode en comparaison aux élèves qui ont été accompagnés avec la méthode systémique et stratégique de Palo Alto. Cet article n'a pas pour objectif de fournir des données généralisables à l'ensemble de la population. Néanmoins, nous pensons que cette recherche pourra contribuer à la connaissance de cette approche novatrice et apporter des pistes de réflexion pour les futures recherches sur le sujet. The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Palo Alto systemic and strategic method for intervening in situations of bullying. To assess the effectiveness of this method, we decided to take a comparison group including interventions regularly mobilised by schools and their support networks. We collected testimonies from twelve pupils aged between 9 and 22 who had been bullied at school (M = 12.58, SD = 3.53). This small sample is representative of the difficulty of accessing this population and the small number of trained professionals in the field. To be able to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention methods, two interviews were conducted with the student victim: a pre-test when the professional had yet to do anything to improve the student's situation, and a post-test three months after the end of the professional's intervention. We have used a complementary mixed methodology in which the qualitative results are intended to support the quantitative results. However, given our small sample, the quantitative analyses should be considered purely exploratory and descriptive. These analyses enabled us to statistically measure the effectiveness of the interventions using four concepts: feelings of victimisation, self-esteem, acceptance by peers, and degree of suffering. Our research showed that the Palo Alto systemic and strategic method was effective in stopping bullying in five out of six situations. In the sixth situation, the bullying decreased but did not stop completely. Our results showed that the Palo Alto systemic and strategic method had a significant effect on reducing perceived suffering, increasing acceptance of the young person by peers, and reducing feelings of victimisation compared with other methods regularly used by schools and their support networks. Regarding self-esteem, our data showed a significant increase for pupils benefiting from the other types of methods compared with pupils who received support using the Palo Alto systemic and strategic method. The aim of this article is not to provide data that can be generalised to the population as a whole. Nevertheless, we believe that this research will contribute to knowledge of this innovative approach and provide food for thought for future research on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Bon nombre des facteurs sociaux et économiques qui conditionnent la santé d'une population et l'équité en matière de santé (comme le revenu, l'éducation et l'emploi) ne sont pas liés au secteur de la santé. L'action intersectorielle est essentielle à la formation de partenariats diversifiés qui visent à agir sur ces déterminants sociaux de la santé. Malgré le rôle important de l'action intersectorielle, on dispose de peu de rapports exhaustifs du secteur de la santé sur la manière dont ces partenariats sont évalués. Cet examen de la portée vise à fournir une vue d'ensemble d'exemples d'évaluations de partenariats d'action intersectorielle, portant sur les méthodes d'évaluation, les outils et les indicateurs. Méthodologie. Une recherche documentaire menée dans deux bases de données universitaires (Embase et MEDLINE) a permis d'obtenir sept études pertinentes publiées entre 2012 et 2022. Résultats. Les approches d'évaluation que nous avons observées ont été l'analyse de réseaux, l'analyse à l'échelle des collectivités ou des systèmes, l'évaluation des partenariats et l'évaluation longitudinale des processus. Cinq des études ont évalué la force et la fonctionnalité des partenariats, la portée (distance entre les partenaires) étant l'indicateur le plus fréquemment utilisé. Conclusion. En dépit de la complexité à évaluer les partenariats d'action intersectorielle, ces évaluations sont essentielles pour mesurer les effets sur les résultats en matière de santé et les déterminants sociaux de la santé, sur l'atteinte des objectifs, sur la reddition de compte et sur la pérennité. Différents modèles d'évaluation sont à la disposition des planificateurs et des évaluateurs de programmes participant aux initiatives d'action intersectorielle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Environnement, Risques & Santé is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on computerized and manual content analyses, we examined the theories, methods, topics, and authors' backgrounds of the empirical articles revolving around politics and media published by Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly (JMCQ) in its 100 years (N = 424). The most common theories are agenda-setting, framing, and selective exposure, and quantitative methods prevail with single-country studies being more prevalent than comparative analyses. A considerable portion of research has focused on political news, particularly during campaigns. Male, U.S.-based authors dominate, but female-authored work has increased in the past decade. Challenges remain to make the research on politics and media in JMCQ more generalizable globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Context and background: When you are a property owner and are considering selling, buying, or renting a real estate property, it is recommended to have your property evaluated by a professional expert who assumes significant responsibility, in order to determine an appropriate price based on the nature of the desired transaction. Indeed, decisions regarding real estate often have significant financial consequences. Real estate appraisal is a complex process that requires the involvement of recognized and experienced experts. It involves detailed analyses aimed at determining the market value of the property, by considering numerous information and data. There are several evaluation methods, but two of them are frequently used: comparative analysis and income capitalization. The choice of evaluation method depends on the objectives of the appraisal client. Goal and Objectives: Our goal is to gain a comprehensive and detailed understanding of all aspects and nuances of the field. This requires careful consideration of the specific responsibilities, obligations and complexities real estate professionals face in their work. Through this comprehensive analysis, we intend to develop a wellrounded perspective that captures the essence of real estate expertise in the context of Morocco. Methodology: The methodology adopted for this article is based on a thorough analysis of the real estate expertise field, with special attention given to identifying the specific obligations and responsibilities of real estate experts. The main objective is to highlight the essential elements that characterize this specialized role. To achieve this goal, in addition to the careful compilation of reference documents, we have chosen a participatory approach and broad consultation. Results: Professional expertise from a liability-engaged expert is required in real estate transactions. This is necessary in order to establish the correct price. To accurately determine the worth of the property in question, thorough real estate experience necessitates a comprehensive examination. The resulting appraisal report has a significant impact on the applicant's orientation choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archival research has been long recognized as a key method in geography, and such research continues to appeal to scholars excavating historical influences on contemporary places. At the same time, geographical literature on care is growing rapidly. However, while geographers have often implemented care into their archival research and practice, these literatures have remained largely distinct from each other. In this paper, I bring archives and care into closer conversation. Drawing on existing geographical literature on care and on archival methods, work in archival studies, and my own research and ethnographic experiences in archives, I show how the socio‐material practices of geographers in the archives help generate spaces of care, where ethical caring practices exist, and caring relationships flourish. I demonstrate how archival work in geography and beyond includes relationships of care between archivists, researchers, and archival records. I share some examples and strategies that geographers and other researchers can—and do—follow in maintaining, continuing, and repairing archival relationships, even in times of precarity and uncertainty. Key Messages: Archival research in geography is a caring practice.The archive is a space of care where caring relationships can flourish.Geographers use caring practices and cultivate caring relationships in the archive to produce meaningful, empirically sound, and theoretically rich work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postpartum family planning is the prevention of pregnancy during the 12 months following childbirth. Objective: To study the use of contraceptive methods in the postpartum period in the obstetrics gynecology department of the district hospital of the commune II of Bamako. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. All women who had given birth who had chosen and benefited from a contraceptive method were included. The statistical test used was Fisher's test with a significance level set at 5%. Results: In 2 years, the contraceptive prevalence in the postpartum was 26.1%. More than 2/3 of counseling (61%) was done during prenatal consultations, 8% during the latency phase, 26% in the immediate postpartum and 5% during the postnatal visit. The most chosen methods were implants (47.1%), intrauterine device (29.6%), miro-progestin pills (12.5%), injectable progestogens (8%) and condoms (3.2%). Conclusion: Postpartum family planning contributes to increasing contraceptive prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le terme « épistémologie » est apparu chez le métaphysicien écossais James Frederick Ferrier (1808–1864), dans son ouvrage Epistemology or Theory of Knowing (1854). La généralisation de son usage n'interviendra qu'à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle dans les textes de philosophes et scientifiques anglais et continentaux, puis nord-américains. Les discussions des membres de la Société Médico-Psychologique, créée en 1852, n'ont été répercutées par les Annales Médico-Psychologiques qu'à partir de 1853. Les questions en lien avec l'Épistémologie étaient alors référées à la Philosophie de la connaissance ou à la Philosophie des sciences. Elle repose sur l'approche de l'Épistémologie comparative (G.G. Granger), historique et clinique, sur l'analyse critique du langage et leurs propres recherches. Les auteurs reprennent la partition chronologique proposée par G. Lantéri-Laura en montrant en parallèle l'évolution des questions traitées par la philosophie des sciences, puis par l'Épistémologie. Ils analysent successivement l'impact de la Philosophie des Sciences à la Société Médico-Psychologique au cours du XIXe siècle dans la période 1852–1902, puis l'ancrage de la tradition épistémologique à la Société Médico-Psychologique avec l'apport de Pierre Marchais, et l'intrusion de l'approche nord-américaine au début du XXIe siècle. Il est illusoire de rechercher une méthode scientifique unique, définitive, applicable dans toutes les situations, car l'objectif scientifique ne dispense pas du rapport au concret. Pour la psychiatrie, quelles que soient les connaissances présentées comme nouvelles, les problèmes resurgissent à partir de perspectives diverses, dans des contextes différents, car la dynamique propre au développement de chaque discipline ou sous-spécialité les réactualise périodiquement. The term epistemology was first used by the Scottish metaphysician James Frederick Ferrier (1808–1864), in his book Epistemology or Theory of Knowing (1854). The generalization of its use will not occur until the end of the 19th century in the texts of English and continental philosophers and scientists, and thereafter in North America. The discussions of the members of the Société Médico-Psychologique , created in 1852, were not reflected in the Annales Médico-Psychologiques until 1853, and questions related to epistemology were then assigned to the fields of the philosophy of knowledge or the philosophy of science. This article is based on the approach of comparative epistemology (G.G. Granger), on an historical and clinical approach, on the critical analysis of language, and on the authors' own research. Epistemology is "a critical study of the principles, hypotheses and results of the various sciences, intended to determine their logical (non-psychological) origin, their value, and their objective significance." The authors employ the chronological score proposed by G. Lantéri-Laura by showing in parallel the evolution of the questions treated by the philosophy of science, then by epistemology. They analyze successively the impact of the philosophy of science on the Société Médico-Psychologique during the 19th century during the period of 1852–1902, then the anchoring of the epistemological tradition at the Société Médico-Psychologique due to the contribution of Pierre Marchais, and finally, the incursion of the North American approach at the beginning of the 21st century. It is illusory to seek a single, definitive scientific method, which is applicable in all situations, because the scientific objective does not dispense with the relationship to the concrete. For psychiatry, whatever knowledge is presented as new, problems arise from different perspectives, in different contexts, because the dynamics of the development of each discipline or sub-specialty are updated periodically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article starts by considering how 'the talk' that black and non-black minority families give to their children comes as a duty to transfer the wisdom of how to be invisible forward through generations. It is not uncommon to think about being visible as a social good, but this is not quite so straightforward when one occupies a body deemed as 'other.' This article exposes this tension to explore how invisibility can be understood as an independent, complex, and nuanced social dynamic in its own right by considering literature that uses invisibility as an analytical lens, providing a synthesis of that literature to offer a preliminary multidimensional model of invisibility to extend extant tools for sociological study. This literature considers race, gender, sexuality, various presentations of power, and different social systems to demonstrate a model that identifies how the intersection of power, affect, presence, and voice fluidly transfigure across time and space to create an overall social construct of invisibility. This suggests that deeper development of a multidimensional construct of invisibility can provide a reasoned and valuable additional lens to address a range of social dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Key messages: Grounding practices within the materiality of geography is an important technique for studying the complexity of digital phenomena.The DIGO (Discourses, Infrastructures, Groupings, and Outcomes) framework uses these categories to guide data selection for locating digital phenomenon in material geographies.This article applies the DIGO framework to blockchain (using data about tweets, miners, firms, and ICOs) to show how this digital practice connects to and across material geographies. Digital phenomena pose unique challenges to social science researchers investigating the impact of new and changing technologies. In part, this challenge derives from the constantly evolving practices, actants, and geographies enrolled in the digital. When these phenomena are coupled with over‐the‐top expectations and media hype, initial impressions often mask the complicated and nuanced ways new technologies are put to use. Blockchain (and its original application Bitcoin) represent one of these new, unstable digital phenomena that simultaneously captures public imagination and generates powerful discourses of disruption and change. One way of clarifying the messiness of technologies like blockchain is to ground its practices within the materiality of geography. The DIGO framework proposed in this article uses four broad categories—discourses (measured via Twitter), infrastructures (indicated by Bitcoin mining), groupings (based on firms and exchanges), and outcomes (measured by initial coin offerings)—located in geographic space. Each category is meant to provide insight on blockchain as it unfolds across space and scale. The same framework can guide research on other digital phenomena, based on appropriate measures for each of the four DIGO foci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

sur les types et les méthodes de traduction et comment ils étaient classés depuis l'époque des premiers traducteurs de cette manière et pourquoi? Elle se concentre sur les méthodes principales de traduction, et aborde également la question des obstacles rencontrés par le traducteur au milieu de la diversité des textes, et quels sont les moyens raccourcis pour produire une traduction appropriée au texte original. Cette recherche prétend d’éliminer la confusion parmi les personnes intéressées par la traduction lors de la traduction d'un texte. Et devons-nous étudier des méthodes sérieuses basées sur les types de textes pour faciliter la tâche du traducteur et trouver une traduction exacte sans aucune distinction de la méthode de traduction traditionnelle parmi certains diplômés qui croient que la traduction ,peut-être, est aussi un transfert formel et non dynamique de mots, termes et phrases. Mais il reste que la pratique sur de nombreux textes à traduire est le moyen unique d’élaborer une (des) méthode (s) permettant à faciliter le processus de traduction

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La politique Trame verte et bleue (TVB) repose au niveau national sur un document cadre, appelé «Orientations nationales» (ON TVB), dont l’objectif est d’assurer une cohérence nationale de la TVB, tout en laissant un libre choix de méthode à chaque échelle territoriale. À la demande du ministère chargé de l’écologie, le Centre de ressources TVB a effectué depuis 2010 un suivi technique de l’élaboration des Schémas régionaux de cohérence écologique, afin de connaître les choix méthodologiques des régions et la façon dont elles appréhendaient les ON TVB. En 2017, les informations récoltées dans le cadre de ce suivi ont fait l’objet d’un bilan dont cet article retranscrit les principaux résultats et en tire des premières leçons sur la mise en œuvre des ON TVB.

Les réseaux écologiques identifiés au sein de la trame verte et bleue (TVB) doivent permettre aux espèces de se déplacer dans le paysage pour effectuer leur cycle de vie et s’adapter aux changements environnementaux. Pour aider les régions à établir un choix d’espèces représentatif des territoires, des espèces ont été listées dans les orientations nationales TVB. En pratique, ces listes ont été peu utilisées, notamment du fait d’un manque de connaissances et de données relatives aux espèces. Aujourd’hui, la question liée au choix des espèces est de nouveau d’actualité avec la déclinaison de la TVB au niveau local et la fusion des régions. Cet article fait le point des différentes approches existantes pour identifier les réseaux écologiques et propose de nouvelles pistes pour faciliter le choix des espèces de façon cohérente entre les niveaux de gouvernance et les niveaux biologiques.

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The purpose of the study was to reveal the extent to which moral education teachers applied mental health methods in the light of prophetic education. The analysis of the questionnaires and the analysis of the answers revealed that: - All intervals of the investigation tool are averages between [2.584-2.649]. - There are statistically significant differences in the probability threshold (0.05≥α) between the averages of the degree of application of mental health methods to the benefit of the stage of basic education, especially for boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Home matters, for people's everyday life and for social research, in ways that are still lacking a systematic sociological framework of analysis. As a contribution toward this framework, we define home as an emplaced relationship that prioritizes certain socio-material contexts over others, by virtue of the emotional, affective and practical values attached to them, in forms and degrees that change over space and time. This understanding highlights the interdependence between relational, cultural and structural aspects of home as a distinctive social experience. We then connect the sociological debate with the discourse on home across social sciences more broadly, with a particular emphasis on the heuristics, practices and multiscalarity of home. In terms of practical research, the methodological bases of 'home studies' are still in development, also regarding the prospects of translating and comparing home across socio-cultural and spatial contexts. Nonetheless, this Special Issue of Current Sociology opens up new ways to advance the field of home studies – theoretically in our opening paper, and empirically in the six articles that follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will question methods, theories and analysis categories which participate to the description and the interpretation of newspapers pictures about french presidential campaigns (2007 and 2012). How can pictures of french newspapers be tools for explain, understand and discuss about the republic presidential choice. Regarding theoretical and methodologic plans, social-constructivist, linguistic, phenomenological, social cognitive, semiological, psycho-social-cognitives approaches are relevant to give scientific and rational narration of media discourse about french presidential campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Djoussour El-maarefa is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The common method of using lobster-pot catch data for investigating relative abundance, sex and size distribution has serious disadvantages. This study estimates relative abundance and size of the European lobster Homarus gammarus and the brown crab Cancer pagurus using scuba diving techniques. The study areas were the Kåvra lobster reserve (Kåvra) on the Swedish west coast and three very different nearby areas where fishing for crustaceans is allowed: Gullmarsfjorden; the archipelago; and the offshore area. A total of 167 lobsters and 337 brown crabs were observed during 33 scuba dives (each 30 minutes long) in 2018-2019. The estimated mean abundance of lobsters was three to fifteen times as high at Kåvra in comparison with the other three areas (all exact p < 0.003 showing that the statistical populations were distinct in comparison with Kåvra; Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test). Dive sites in the outer part of the offshore area had the lowest abundance of lobsters although they had seemingly good lobster habitats and low fishing intensity. Large lobsters with a carapace length of ⩾15 cm were found only at Kåvra where they made up 24% of the lobsters. The proportion of large lobsters inside Kåvra continues to increase after 30 years of protection. Together, this emphasizes the impact of fishing on lobster abundance and size distribution, and indicates that limited recruitment and migration might possibly affect offshore lobster "sub populations". Kåvra was the only area where the abundance of lobsters exceeded the abundance of brown crabs (p = 0.039). However, the abundance of brown crabs at Kåvra was as low as in Gullmarsfjorden (p = 0.42) where fishing for crabs is allowed. Possible complex lobster/brown crab interactions together with other factors that might explain the low abundance of the protected brown crab at Kåvra, need to be investigated further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article vise d’abord, à décrire les textes scientifiques et techniques d’un point de vue théorique en mettant en lumière leurs caractéristiques externes et à proposer ensuite, à partir de ces considérations, un tableau reprenant la méthodologie suivie pour leur sélection et leur exploitation ainsi que des activités communicatives autour de textes empruntés au numérique. De cette façon, cette étude fournit aux enseignants de français ou d’autres langues étrangères, des pistes dans le choix de textes de spécialité et des propositions pédagogiques pour former les publics universitaires spécialisés et ce, d’un niveau introductif (A1) à un niveau indépendant (B2).

The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effect of extraction methodes on physical and chemical properties of sago. Extraction methodes comprise of fermentation, mechanical, and traditional. The result indicated that sago yield varies from 20,19% - 40,12%, acidity 0,89 - 0,98, moisture 13,39% -14,29%, ash 0,15% - 0,32%, protein 0,38% - 0,46%, crude fiber 0,27% - 0,31%, fat 0,17% - 0,23% and amylum 72,64% - 88,12%. Mechanical extractions gave the highest yield and amylum content. Fermentation methode show more acid than traditional. The traditional methode presents the highest ash content. This included that the mechanical methode seemed to be preferable for commercial application.

La gestion intégrée des inondations à l’échelle du bassin versant offre des perspectives intéressantes pour poser un diagnostic pertinent et trouver des solutions de gestion de l’aléa, notamment à l’amont des enjeux. Cet article s'intéresse ici aux différentes étapes de l'estimation de l'aléa inondation et nous présente les principes et méthodes de diagnostic d'efficacité probabiliste pour améliorer la gestion des inondations par des ouvrages de prévention dispersés sur le bassin versant.

This systematic review aims to propose a typology of research on difficulties in teaching work, based on the identification of used paradigms. From a review of French, English and Spanishspeaking works, we highlight five types of paradigms: the psychological, sociological / anthropological, didactic paradigm, work and activity theories, and empiricist. We describe the theoretical and methodological characteristics of these paradigms, as well as the specificities of the studied objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Au cours de la dernière décennie, la radiothérapie en conditions stéréotaxiques s'est affirmée comme un des traitements des cancers de prostate localisés, avec une bonne efficacité et une toxicité modérée. Ce traitement peut être délivré par différentes machines de radiothérapie et, bien que de nombreuses études cliniques, prospectives et rétrospectives, aient été publiées, les différentes techniques de traitement n'ont jamais été directement comparées entre elles. Cet article a pour objectif de faire l'état des lieux sur les études publiées, et sur les comparaisons possibles entre les différentes machines, d'un point de vue clinique (efficacité et toxicité), technique et radiobiologique. For the last decade, stereotactic body radiotherapy has become a leading treatment for localized prostate cancer. It can be delivered using a wide array of radiotherapy machines. However, although numerous clinical studies, both prospective and retrospective, have been published, the different techniques have never been properly compared. This article aims at giving an overview of the published trials, and at pointing out the major differences between the machines, from a clinical (efficacy end toxicity), technical and radiobiological point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La contribution des écosystèmes au bien-être humain est un enjeu central pour la définition et la mise en œuvre d'un projet territorial, qui doit intégrer les multiples usages des territoires et concilier des attentes parfois contradictoires. À travers l'exemple du projet ESNET, cet article présente l'élaboration d'une démarche prospective de scénarisation de l’usage des sols et de ses conséquences pour la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques, dans un contexte d’ancrage territorial fort où la question de l’implication des parties prenantes a été cruciale.

Enseigner ou apprendre une langue étrangère amène à instaurer un dialogue entre la culture source et la ou les cultures cibles. Le concept d’interculturel s’inscrit dans un champ plus vaste ; il inclut bien sûr la culture, elle-même héritière de la civilisation. Les langues ne sont pas des disciplines scolaires comme les autres dans la mesure où elles sont à la fois véhicule et objet d’apprentissage. Ce statut particulier n’est pas sans incidence sur la classe de langue. La relation à l’autre s’inscrit dans un contexte interculturel pluriel. Dans le cadre de l’enseignement / apprentissage des langues, les outils à forte charge culturelle sont les méthodes de langue qui au-delà de l’intention pédagogique sont un reflet du monde dans lequel elles s’inscrivent. Le choix des supports n’est pas neutre, il relève d’une idéologie et révèle un positionnement axiologique que les auteurs et les concepteurs ont souhaité y imprégner. Au travers de deux outils, nous verrons avec quelles images de la France l’apprenant allophone devra entrer en dialogue.