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The volatiles from a rare and endemic plant Bupleurum plantagineum Desf collected from Béjaia (Algerian National Park) were analyzed using HS-SPME-GC/MS. The main factors affecting this extraction technique, including fibre coating, ionic forces (salt adding), temperature and time of extraction were performed in order to reach a maximum of sensitivity. The best results were obtained by PDMS fiber using the powdered leaves at specific temperatures for 25 min, without salt adding. On the other hand, the volatile composition of leaves, stems and roots were determined with a clear prevalence of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons of 45.66, 31.99 and 70.28% respectively. A qualitative comparison with essential oil from hydrodistillation was also performed showing differences essentially in minor components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two techniques of extraction of essential oils (Steam distillation assisted by microwave (SDAM) and hydrodistillation assisted by microwave (HDAM)) are respectively advanced steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation techniques (HD), in which a microwave oven is used in the extraction process. They are considered as accelerated techniques extraction performed at atmospheric pressure. The cryogrinding (CG) showed a difference on the yields and aromatic profile comparing to the sample grinding. Isolation and concentration of volatile compounds are performed by a single stage for the extraction of volatile oil from Algerian (Sahara)Cuminum cyminumseeds (CCS). The chemical composition of the essential oil of this plant as a function of extraction time was also studied. The major components and family classes showed a significant variation with the extraction time. Gas chromatography (GC), GCxGC-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS)] were utilised for qualitative and quantitative analysis of essential oils extracted by these two methods. The major compounds are cumin aldehyde (HDAM-CG: 20.50-53.35 %, SDAM-CG: 21.68 66.6 %), p-cymene (HDAM-CG: 14.1-37.54 %, SDAM-CG: 6.06-20.18 %), β-pinene (HDAM-CG: 4.53-14.74 %, SDAM-CG: 4.3-32.65 %) and γ-terpinene (HDAM-CG: 1.26-14.70 %, SDAM-CG: 5.13-18.23 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]