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12. Changes in life expectancy and disease burden in Norway, 1990–2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Clarsen, Benjamin, Nylenna, Magne, Klitkou, Søren Toksvig, Vollset, Stein Emil, Baravelli, Carl Michael, Bølling, Anette Kocbach, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Sulo, Gerhard, Naghavi, Mohsen, Pasovic, Maja, Asaduzzaman, Muhammad, Bjørge, Tone, Eggen, Anne Elise, Eikemo, Terje Andreas, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Haaland, Øystein Ariansen, Hailu, Alemayehu, Hassan, Shoaib, Hay, Simon I, Juliusson, Petur B, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Månsson, Johan, Mekonnen, Teferi, Murray, Christopher J L, Norheim, Ole F, Ottersen, Trygve, Sagoe, Dominic, Sripada, Kam, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, and Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo

Published
2022
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13. Estimating global, regional, and national daily and cumulative infections with SARS-CoV-2 through Nov 14, 2021: a statistical analysis

Author

Barber, Ryan M, Sorensen, Reed J D, Pigott, David M, Bisignano, Catherine, Carter, Austin, Amlag, Joanne O, Collins, James K, Abbafati, Cristiana, Adolph, Christopher, Allorant, Adrien, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree L, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Cogen, Rebecca M, Combs, Emily, Comfort, Haley, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Dai, Xiaochen, Daoud, Farah, Deen, Amanda, Earl, Lucas, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Ferrari, Alize J, Flaxman, Abraham D, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Fullman, Nancy, Giles, John R, Guo, Gaorui, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Hulland, Erin N, Huntley, Bethany M, Lazzar-Atwood, Alice, LeGrand, Kate E, Lim, Stephen S, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Linebarger, Emily, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nomura, Shuhei, Odell, Christopher M, Olana, Latera Tesfaye, Ostroff, Samuel M, Pasovic, Maja, Pease, Spencer A, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Santomauro, Damian F, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Spurlock, Emma E, Syailendrawati, Ruri, Topor-Madry, Roman, Vo, Anh Truc, Vos, Theo, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wiens, Kirsten E, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Worku, Nahom Alemseged, Zheng, Peng, Hay, Simon I, Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2022
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14. Pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: an exploratory analysis of infection and fatality rates, and contextual factors associated with preparedness in 177 countries, from Jan 1, 2020, to Sept 30, 2021

Author

Bollyky, Thomas J, Hulland, Erin N, Barber, Ryan M, Collins, James K, Kiernan, Samantha, Moses, Mark, Pigott, David M, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Sorensen, Reed J D, Abbafati, Cristiana, Adolph, Christopher, Allorant, Adrien, Amlag, Joanne O, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree, Carter, Austin, Castellano, Rachel, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Combs, Emily, Dai, Xiaochen, Dangel, William James, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Duncan, Bruce B, Earl, Lucas, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Fedosseeva, Tatiana, Ferrari, Alize J, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fullman, Nancy, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galal, Bayan, Gallagher, John, Giles, John R, Guo, Gaorui, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Huntley, Bethany M, Idrisov, Bulat, Johanns, Casey, LeGrand, Kate E, Letourneau, Ian D, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Linebarger, Emily, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Marinho, Fatima, Mirkuzie, Alemnesh H, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Naik, Paulami, Nomura, Shuhei, O'Halloran, James Kevin, Odell, Christopher M, Olana, Latera Tesfaye, Ostroff, Samuel M, Pasovic, Maja, Passos, Valeria Maria de Azeredo, Penberthy, Louise, Reinke, Grace, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Spurlock, Emma, Troeger, Christopher E, Varavikova, Elena, Vo, Anh T, Vos, Theo, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wigley, Simon D, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Worku, Nahom Alemseged, Wu, Yifan, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Zheng, Peng, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Dieleman, Joseph L

Published
2022
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15. Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020–21

Author

Wang, Haidong, Paulson, Katherine R, Pease, Spencer A, Watson, Stefanie, Comfort, Haley, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bisignano, Catherine, Barber, Ryan M, Alam, Tahiya, Fuller, John E, May, Erin A, Jones, Darwin Phan, Frisch, Meghan E, Abbafati, Cristiana, Adolph, Christopher, Allorant, Adrien, Amlag, Joanne O, Bang-Jensen, Bree, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bloom, Sabina S, Carter, Austin, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Chattopadhyay, Jhilik, Cogen, Rebecca M, Collins, James K, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Dai, Xiaochen, Dangel, William James, Daoud, Farah, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Duncan, Bruce B, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Fedosseeva, Tatiana, Ferrari, Alize J, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Fullman, Nancy, Gallagher, John, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Guo, Gaorui, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Henry, Nathaniel J, Hulland, Erin N, Huntley, Bethany M, Kereselidze, Maia, Lazzar-Atwood, Alice, LeGrand, Kate E, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Linebarger, Emily, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Marinho, Fatima, Mirkuzie, Alemnesh H, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, Monasta, Lorenzo, Naik, Paulami, Nomura, Shuhei, O'Brien, Edward G, O'Halloran, James Kevin, Olana, Latera Tesfaye, Ostroff, Samuel M, Penberthy, Louise, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Shaw, David H, Sheena, Brittney S, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Skhvitaridze, Natia, Sorensen, Reed J D, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Syailendrawati, Ruri, Topor-Madry, Roman, Troeger, Christopher E, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Worku, Nahom Alemseged, Zigler, Bethany, Pigott, David M, Naghavi, Mohsen, Mokdad, Ali H, Lim, Stephen S, Hay, Simon I, Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2022
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16. Reinforcement of an endangered goose population: the effect of age and interspecific fostering on survival of released birds.

Author

Liljebäck, Niklas, Schekkerman, Hans, Månsson, Johan, Kowallik, Christine, and Koffijberg, Kees

Subjects
FOSTER parents, BIRD mortality, ENDANGERED species, ANIMAL populations, SOCIAL learning, FOSTER children
Abstract

The release of captive‐bred or translocated individuals is a strategy used worldwide to support threatened animal populations. By capture–recapture analysis, we examined the survival of released individuals when reinforcing a critically endangered Lesser White‐fronted Goose population. Our analysis includes data from 646 birds, released 1984–2017, including two different age classes, divided in two distinct periods when different techniques were used. Fledglings were released with foster parents of Barnacle Geese in the first period and by a soft release without support of foster parenting in the second period. Yearlings were released by soft release in both periods. We find that use of foster parents enhances survival rates, but these differences were detectable only in the first year of life. Fledglings supported by foster parents showed significantly higher survival compared to yearlings released by soft release, but this difference was not clear when soft release was applied to both groups. Resighting data suggest that most losses occurred during the acclimation period following the release. Foster parenting may enhance survival rates due to social learning enabling the transfer of crucial behaviors (e.g. feeding, anti‐predator, and migration) to released individuals. However, these conservation benefits need to be balanced against costs and potential inherent risks related to foster parenting, including the imprinting of undesired behaviors in released individuals, such as hybridization. Based on our results, we advise conservationists to carefully consider foster parenting as one method to improve survival probability, especially if capacity to produce individuals to be released is a limiting factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Migratory birds modulate niche tradeoffs in rhythm with seasons and life history.

Author

Yanco, Scott W., Oliver, Ruth Y., Iannarilli, Fabiola, Carlson, Ben S., Heine, Georg, Mueller, Uschi, Richter, Nina, Vorneweg, Bernd, Andryushchenko, Yuriy, Batbayar, Nyambayar, Dagys, Mindaugas, Desholm, Mark, Galtbalt, Batbayar, Gavrilov, Andrey E., Goroshko, Oleg A., Ilyashenko, Elena I., Ilyashenko, Valentin Yu, Månsson, Johan, Mudrik, Elena A., and Natsagdorj, Tseveenmyadag

Subjects
RESOURCE availability (Ecology), CRANES (Birds), NATURAL history, MIGRATORY birds, ANIMAL mechanics
Abstract

Movement is a key means by which animals cope with variable environments. As they move, animals construct individual niches composed of the environmental conditions they experience. Niche axes may vary over time and covary with one another as animals make tradeoffs between competing needs. Seasonal migration is expected to produce substantial niche variation as animals move to keep pace with major life history phases and fluctuations in environmental conditions. Here, we apply a time-ordered principal component analysis to examine dynamic niche variance and covariance across the annual cycle for four species of migratory crane: common crane (Grus grus, n = 20), demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo, n = 66), black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis, n = 9), and white-naped crane (Grus vipio, n = 9). We consider four key niche components known to be important to aspects of crane natural history: enhanced vegetation index (resources availability), temperature (thermoregulation), crop proportion (preferred foraging habitat), and proximity to water (predator avoidance). All species showed a primary seasonal niche "rhythm" that dominated variance in niche components across the annual cycle. Secondary rhythms were linked to major species-specific life history phases (migration, breeding, and nonbreeding) as well as seasonal environmental patterns. Furthermore, we found that cranes' experiences of the environment emerge from time-dynamic tradeoffs among niche components. We suggest that our approach to estimating the environmental niche as a multidimensional and time-dynamical system of tradeoffs improves mechanistic understanding of organism-environment interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Santomauro, Damian F, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Shadid, Jamileh, Zheng, Peng, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Pigott, David M, Abbafati, Cristiana, Adolph, Christopher, Amlag, Joanne O, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree L, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bloom, Sabina S, Castellano, Rachel, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Chattopadhyay, Jhilik, Cogen, Rebecca M, Collins, James K, Dai, Xiaochen, Dangel, William James, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Flaxman, Abraham D, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Fullman, Nancy, Giles, John R, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Guo, Gaorui, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Hulland, Erin N, Idrisov, Bulat, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Linebarger, Emily, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan C, Marinho, Fatima, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Naik, Paulami, Nomura, Shuhei, O'Halloran, James Kevin, Ostroff, Samuel M, Pasovic, Maja, Penberthy, Louise, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Sorensen, Reed J D, Varavikova, Elena, Vo, Anh Truc, Walcott, Rebecca, Watson, Stefanie, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Zigler, Bethany, Hay, Simon I, Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J L, Whiteford, Harvey A, and Ferrari, Alize J

Published
2021
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21. Adaptive capacity in the multi-level management system of migratory waterbirds : a case study of participatory goose management in Sweden

Author

Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Sandström, Camilla, Elmberg, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Sandström, Camilla, and Elmberg, Johan

Abstract

Adaptive management (AM) is one approach to manage migratory waterbirds, but obstacles to the implementation of AM require adaptive capacities in the management system (rules, institutions, action situations). This study aims to examine the adaptive capacity of participatory goose management in Sweden. Considering the biophysical and institutional context, we analyzed how tangible, individual, and governance assets were associated with technical and social learning. Interviews with informants in the national council for geese, swans, and cranes, and local management groups (LMGs) were conducted, and documentation reviewed. Results revealed evidence of a local preparedness in areas with an LMG. Nevertheless, the study highlighted a need to formalize the evolving system, to consider a more systematic implementation of AM (including regulations allowing for adaptive responses), and to ensure stakeholder acceptance for management tools and visions. The study illustrates the need for a broad set of assets to ensure learning in participatory management.

Published
2024
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30. Games as Tools to Address Conservation Conflicts

Author

Redpath, Steve M., Keane, Aidan, Andrén, Henrik, Baynham-Herd, Zachary, Bunnefeld, Nils, Duthie, A. Bradley, Frank, Jens, Garcia, Claude A., Månsson, Johan, Nilsson, Lovisa, Pollard, Chris R.J., Rakotonarivo, O. Sarobidy, Salk, Carl F., and Travers, Henry

Published
2018
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33. Oral rehydration therapies in Senegal, Mali, and Sierra Leone: a spatial analysis of changes over time and implications for policy

Author

Wiens, Kirsten E., Schaeffer, Lauren E., Sow, Samba O., Ndoye, Babacar, Cain, Carrie Jo, Baumann, Mathew M., Johnson, Kimberly B., Lindstedt, Paulina A., Blacker, Brigette F., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Cormier, Natalie M., Daoud, Farah, Earl, Lucas, Farag, Tamer, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Kinyoki, Damaris K., Larson, Heidi J., LeGrand, Kate E., Cook, Aubrey J., Malta, Deborah C., Månsson, Johan C., Mayala, Benjamin K., Mokdad, Ali H., Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu U., Sankoh, Osman, Sartorius, Benn, Topor-Madry, Roman, Troeger, Christopher E., Welgan, Catherine A., Werdecker, Andrea, Hay, Simon I., and Reiner, Jr, Robert C.

Published
2020
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35. Estimated Global Proportions of Individuals with Persistent Fatigue, Cognitive, and Respiratory Symptom Clusters Following Symptomatic COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021

Author

Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Abbafati, Cristiana, Aerts, Joachim G, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ballouz, Tala, Blyuss, Oleg, Bobkova, Polina, Bonsel, Gouke, Borzakova, Svetlana, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butnaru, Denis, Carter, Austin, Chu, Helen, De Rose, Cristina, Diab, Mohamed Mustafa, Ekbom, Emil, El Tantawi, Maha, Fomin, Victor, Frithiof, Robert, Gamirova, Aysylu, Glybochko, Petr V, Haagsma, Juanita A, Haghjooy Javanmard, Shaghayegh, Hamilton, Erin B, Harris, Gabrielle, Heijenbrok-Kal, Majanka H, Helbok, Raimund, Hellemons, Merel E, Hillus, David, Huijts, Susanne M, Hultström, Michael, Jassat, Waasila, Kurth, Florian, Larsson, Ing-Marie, Lipcsey, Miklós, Liu, Chelsea, Loflin, Callan D, Malinovschi, Andrei, Mao, Wenhui, Mazankova, Lyudmila, Mcculloch, Denise, Menges, Dominik, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Ogbuoji, Osondu, Osmanov, Ismail M, Peñalvo, José L, Petersen, Maria Skaalum, Puhan, Milo A, Rahman, Mujibur, Rass, Verena, Reinig, Nickolas, Ribbers, Gerard M, Ricchiuto, Antonia, Rubertsson, Sten, Samitova, Elmira, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Shikhaleva, Anastasia, Simpson, Kyle E, Sinatti, Dario, Soriano, Joan B, Spiridonova, Ekaterina, Steinbeis, Fridolin, Svistunov, Andrey A, Valentini, Piero, van de Water, Brittney J, van den Berg-Emons, Rita, Wallin, Ewa, Witzenrath, Martin, Yifan, Wu, Hanzhang, Xu, Zoller, Thomas, Adolph, Christopher, Albright, James, Amlag, Joanne O, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree L, Bisignano, Catherine, Castellano, Rachel, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Collins, James K, Dai, Xiaochen, Daoud, Farah, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Duncan, Bruce B, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Ferrari, Alize J, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fullman, Nancy, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Giles, John R, Guo, Gaorui, Hay, Simon I, Jiawei, He, Helak, Monika, Hulland, Erin N, Kereselidze, Maia, Krohn, Kris J, Lazzar-Atwood, Alice, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Lozano, Rafael, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Nomura, Shuhei, Pasovic, Maja, Pigott, David M, Reiner, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Zheng, Peng, Bettger, Janet Prvu, Murray, Christopher J L, Vos, Theo, Pulmonary Medicine, Public Health, and Rehabilitation Medicine

Subjects
Adult, Male, Internationality, long covid, Adolescent, Pain, Global Health, Cov-2, proportion of polpulation, Young Adult, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Humans, Child, Fatigue, Original Investigation, Aged, SARS-CoV-2, Mood Disorders, COVID-19, Bayes Theorem, Syndrome, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Child, Preschool, Female, Cognition Disorders, Respiratory Insufficiency
Abstract

ImportanceSome individuals experience persistent symptoms after initial symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (often referred to as Long COVID).ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of males and females with COVID-19, younger or older than 20 years of age, who had Long COVID symptoms in 2020 and 2021 and their Long COVID symptom duration.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsBayesian meta-regression and pooling of 54 studies and 2 medical record databases with data for 1.2 million individuals (from 22 countries) who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 54 studies, 44 were published and 10 were collaborating cohorts (conducted in Austria, the Faroe Islands, Germany, Iran, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the US). The participant data were derived from the 44 published studies (10 501 hospitalized individuals and 42 891 nonhospitalized individuals), the 10 collaborating cohort studies (10 526 and 1906), and the 2 US electronic medical record databases (250 928 and 846 046). Data collection spanned March 2020 to January 2022.ExposuresSymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportion of individuals with at least 1 of the 3 self-reported Long COVID symptom clusters (persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings; cognitive problems; or ongoing respiratory problems) 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020 and 2021, estimated separately for hospitalized and nonhospitalized individuals aged 20 years or older by sex and for both sexes of nonhospitalized individuals younger than 20 years of age.ResultsA total of 1.2 million individuals who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection were included (mean age, 4-66 years; males, 26%-88%). In the modeled estimates, 6.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 2.4%-13.3%) of individuals who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection experienced at least 1 of the 3 Long COVID symptom clusters in 2020 and 2021, including 3.2% (95% UI, 0.6%-10.0%) for persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings, 3.7% (95% UI, 0.9%-9.6%) for ongoing respiratory problems, and 2.2% (95% UI, 0.3%-7.6%) for cognitive problems after adjusting for health status before COVID-19, comprising an estimated 51.0% (95% UI, 16.9%-92.4%), 60.4% (95% UI, 18.9%-89.1%), and 35.4% (95% UI, 9.4%-75.1%), respectively, of Long COVID cases. The Long COVID symptom clusters were more common in women aged 20 years or older (10.6% [95% UI, 4.3%-22.2%]) 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection than in men aged 20 years or older (5.4% [95% UI, 2.2%-11.7%]). Both sexes younger than 20 years of age were estimated to be affected in 2.8% (95% UI, 0.9%-7.0%) of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. The estimated mean Long COVID symptom cluster duration was 9.0 months (95% UI, 7.0-12.0 months) among hospitalized individuals and 4.0 months (95% UI, 3.6-4.6 months) among nonhospitalized individuals. Among individuals with Long COVID symptoms 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, an estimated 15.1% (95% UI, 10.3%-21.1%) continued to experience symptoms at 12 months.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study presents modeled estimates of the proportion of individuals with at least 1 of 3 self-reported Long COVID symptom clusters (persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings; cognitive problems; or ongoing respiratory problems) 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Published
2022

36. Field selection of greylag geese (Anser anser): Implications for management of set-aside fields to alleviate crop damage

Author

Teräväinen, Malin, Elmberg, Johan, Tennfors, Carina, Devineau, Olivier, Mathisen, Karen-Marie, and Månsson, Johan

Subjects
birds, agricultural, preventive measures, Artikkelit, sacrificial crop, crop protection
Abstract

Greylag geese (Anser anser) have been increasing in numbers in Europe during the last decades. They forage and roost in agricultural landscapes and may cause damage to sensitive crops. We studied field selection of greylag geese around lake Sörfjärden in south central Sweden where geese aggregate during the growing season. In this area a set-aside field was established in 2010, i.e., a field where geese can graze undisturbed, with the aim to reduce damage in surrounding conventional fields. The goal of our study was to investigate the general selection of the different field types as well as the specific set-aside field. We used a point survey count to estimate goose numbers and regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between presence or absence of greylag geese and field characteristics such as crop type, distance to roost site and field size. According to the top-ranked model, the probability of presence of foraging greylag geese was higher in spring and in grass fields, while the probability decreased with distance to roost site. Our results also show that the set-aside field in general was used more than other fields in the area during spring and summer but not during autumn. We conclude that it is important to consider variables affecting the probability of field selection by geese, such as season, crop type and distance to roosts to understand the behaviour of geese when establishing set-aside fields.

Published
2022

38. Understanding and overcoming obstacles inadaptive management

Author

Månsson, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Hodgson, Isla, Elmberg, Johan, Bunnefeld, Nils, Hessel, Rebecca, Johansson, Maria, Liljebäck, Niklas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Olsson, Camilla, Pärt, Tomas, Sandström, Camilla, Tombre, Ingunn, Redpath, Steve M., Månsson, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Hodgson, Isla, Elmberg, Johan, Bunnefeld, Nils, Hessel, Rebecca, Johansson, Maria, Liljebäck, Niklas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Olsson, Camilla, Pärt, Tomas, Sandström, Camilla, Tombre, Ingunn, and Redpath, Steve M.

Abstract

Adaptive management (AM) is widely promoted to improve management of natural resources, yet its implementation is challenging. We show that obstacles to the implementation of AM are related not only to the AM process per se but also to external factors such as ecosystem properties and governance systems. To overcome obstacles, there is a need to build capacities within the AM process by ensuring adequate resources, management tools, collaboration, and learning. Additionally, building capacities in the legal and institutional frames can enable the necessary flexibility in the governance system. Furthermore, in systems experiencing profound changes in wildlife populations, building such capacities may be even more critical as more flexibility will be needed to cope with increased uncertainty and changed environmental conditions.

Published
2023
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46. A global systematic analysis of the occurrence, severity, and recovery pattern of long COVID in 2020 and 2021

Author

Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Abbafati, Cristiana, Aerts, Joachim G, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ballouz, Tala, Blyuss, Oleg, Bobkova, Polina, Bonsel, Gouke, Borzakova, Svetlana, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butnaru, Denis, Carter, Austin, Chu, Helen, De Rose, Cristina, Diab, Mohamed Mustafa, Ekbom, Emil, El Tantawi, Maha, Fomin, Victor, Frithiof, Robert, Gamirova, Aysylu, Glybochko, Petr V, Haagsma, Juanita A, Javanmard, Shaghayegh Haghjooy, Hamilton, Erin B, Harris, Gabrielle, Heijenbrok-Kal, Majanka H, Helbok, Raimund, Hellemons, Merel E, Hillus, David, Huijts, Susanne M, Hultström, Michael, Jassat, Waasila, Kurth, Florian, Larsson, Ing-Marie, Lipcsey, Miklós, Liu, Chelsea, Loflin, Callan D, Malinovschi, Andrei, Mao, Wenhui, Mazankova, Lyudmila, McCulloch, Denise, Menges, Dominik, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Ogbuoji, Osondu, Osmanov, Ismail M, Peñalvo, José L, Petersen, Maria Skaalum, Puhan, Milo A, Rahman, Mujibur, Rass, Verena, Reinig, Nickolas, Ribbers, Gerard M, Ricchiuto, Antonia, Rubertsson, Sten, Samitova, Elmira, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Shikhaleva, Anastasia, Simpson, Kyle E, Sinatti, Dario, Soriano, Joan B, Spiridonova, Ekaterina, Steinbeis, Fridolin, Svistunov, Andrey A, Valentini, Piero, van de Water, Brittney J, van den Berg-Emons, Rita, Wallin, Ewa, Witzenrath, Martin, Wu, Yifan, Xu, Hanzhang, Zoller, Thomas, Adolph, Christopher, Albright, James, Amlag, Joanne O, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree L, Bisignano, Catherine, Castellano, Rachel, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Collins, James K, Dai, Xiaochen, Daoud, Farah, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Duncan, Bruce B, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Ferrari, Alize J, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fullman, Nancy, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Giles, John R, Guo, Gaorui, Hay, Simon I, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Hulland, Erin N, Kereselidze, Maia, Krohn, Kris J, Lazzar-Atwood, Alice, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Nomura, Shuhei, Pasovic, Maja, Pigott, David M, Reiner, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Zheng, Peng, Bettger, Janet Prvu, Murray, Christopher Jl, Vos, Theo, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Abbafati, Cristiana, Aerts, Joachim G, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ballouz, Tala, Blyuss, Oleg, Bobkova, Polina, Bonsel, Gouke, Borzakova, Svetlana, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butnaru, Denis, Carter, Austin, Chu, Helen, De Rose, Cristina, Diab, Mohamed Mustafa, Ekbom, Emil, El Tantawi, Maha, Fomin, Victor, Frithiof, Robert, Gamirova, Aysylu, Glybochko, Petr V, Haagsma, Juanita A, Javanmard, Shaghayegh Haghjooy, Hamilton, Erin B, Harris, Gabrielle, Heijenbrok-Kal, Majanka H, Helbok, Raimund, Hellemons, Merel E, Hillus, David, Huijts, Susanne M, Hultström, Michael, Jassat, Waasila, Kurth, Florian, Larsson, Ing-Marie, Lipcsey, Miklós, Liu, Chelsea, Loflin, Callan D, Malinovschi, Andrei, Mao, Wenhui, Mazankova, Lyudmila, McCulloch, Denise, Menges, Dominik, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Ogbuoji, Osondu, Osmanov, Ismail M, Peñalvo, José L, Petersen, Maria Skaalum, Puhan, Milo A, Rahman, Mujibur, Rass, Verena, Reinig, Nickolas, Ribbers, Gerard M, Ricchiuto, Antonia, Rubertsson, Sten, Samitova, Elmira, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Shikhaleva, Anastasia, Simpson, Kyle E, Sinatti, Dario, Soriano, Joan B, Spiridonova, Ekaterina, Steinbeis, Fridolin, Svistunov, Andrey A, Valentini, Piero, van de Water, Brittney J, van den Berg-Emons, Rita, Wallin, Ewa, Witzenrath, Martin, Wu, Yifan, Xu, Hanzhang, Zoller, Thomas, Adolph, Christopher, Albright, James, Amlag, Joanne O, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Bang-Jensen, Bree L, Bisignano, Catherine, Castellano, Rachel, Castro, Emma, Chakrabarti, Suman, Collins, James K, Dai, Xiaochen, Daoud, Farah, Dapper, Carolyn, Deen, Amanda, Duncan, Bruce B, Erickson, Megan, Ewald, Samuel B, Ferrari, Alize J, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fullman, Nancy, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Giles, John R, Guo, Gaorui, Hay, Simon I, He, Jiawei, Helak, Monika, Hulland, Erin N, Kereselidze, Maia, Krohn, Kris J, Lazzar-Atwood, Alice, Lindstrom, Akiaja, Lozano, Rafael, Magistro, Beatrice, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Månsson, Johan, Mantilla Herrera, Ana M, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Nomura, Shuhei, Pasovic, Maja, Pigott, David M, Reiner, Robert C, Reinke, Grace, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Sholokhov, Aleksei, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Walcott, Rebecca, Walker, Ally, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Zheng, Peng, Bettger, Janet Prvu, Murray, Christopher Jl, and Vos, Theo

Abstract

Importance: While much of the attention on the COVID-19 pandemic was directed at the daily counts of cases and those with serious disease overwhelming health services, increasingly, reports have appeared of people who experience debilitating symptoms after the initial infection. This is popularly known as long COVID. Objective: To estimate by country and territory of the number of patients affected by long COVID in 2020 and 2021, the severity of their symptoms and expected pattern of recovery. Design: We jointly analyzed ten ongoing cohort studies in ten countries for the occurrence of three major symptom clusters of long COVID among representative COVID cases. The defining symptoms of the three clusters (fatigue, cognitive problems, and shortness of breath) are explicitly mentioned in the WHO clinical case definition. For incidence of long COVID, we adopted the minimum duration after infection of three months from the WHO case definition. We pooled data from the contributing studies, two large medical record databases in the United States, and findings from 44 published studies using a Bayesian meta-regression tool. We separately estimated occurrence and pattern of recovery in patients with milder acute infections and those hospitalized. We estimated the incidence and prevalence of long COVID globally and by country in 2020 and 2021 as well as the severity-weighted prevalence using disability weights from the Global Burden of Disease study. Results: Analyses are based on detailed information for 1906 community infections and 10526 hospitalized patients from the ten collaborating cohorts, three of which included children. We added published data on 37262 community infections and 9540 hospitalized patients as well as ICD-coded medical record data concerning 1.3 million infections. Globally, in 2020 and 2021, 144.7 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 54.8-312.9) people suffered from any of the three symptom clusters of long COVID. This corresponds to 3.69% (1.38-7.

Published
2022
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47. Individuals and Multilevel Management : A Study of the Perceived Adaptive Capacity of the Goose Management System among Farmers in Sweden

Author

Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Redpath, Steve M., Sandström, Camilla, Elmberg, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Redpath, Steve M., Sandström, Camilla, and Elmberg, Johan

Abstract

Agricultural damage by geese is a growing problem in Europe and farmers play a key role in the emerging multilevel adaptive management system. This study explored how characteristics associated with the farmer and the farm, along with experience of damage, cognitive appraisals, emotions, and management beliefs were associated with the perceived adaptive capacity of the goose management system among farmers in the south of Sweden (n = 1,067). Survey results revealed that owning a larger farm, a farm closer to water or formally protected areas, along with cultivating cereal and root crops, were associated with geese evoking stronger negative emotions. Further, more previous experience of damage was related to stronger negative emotions and lower levels of perceived adaptive capacity. However, even more important determinants of perceived adaptive capacity were cognitive appraisals, emotions, and management beliefs. Bridging the ties between individual farmers and the system is important for improved multilevel management.

Published
2022
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48. Understanding and overcoming obstacles inadaptive management

Author

Månsson, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Hodgson, Isla, Elmberg, Johan, Bunnefeld, Nils, Hessel, Rebecca, Johansson, Maria, Liljebäck, Niklas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Olsson, Camilla, Pärt, Tomas, Sandström, Camilla, Tombre, Ingunn, Redpath, Steve M., Månsson, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Hodgson, Isla, Elmberg, Johan, Bunnefeld, Nils, Hessel, Rebecca, Johansson, Maria, Liljebäck, Niklas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Olsson, Camilla, Pärt, Tomas, Sandström, Camilla, Tombre, Ingunn, and Redpath, Steve M.

Abstract

Adaptive management (AM) is widely promoted to improve management of natural resources, yet its implementation is challenging. We show that obstacles to the implementation of AM are related not only to the AM process per se but also to external factors such as ecosystem properties and governance systems. To overcome obstacles, there is a need to build capacities within the AM process by ensuring adequate resources, management tools, collaboration, and learning. Additionally, building capacities in the legal and institutional frames can enable the necessary flexibility in the governance system. Furthermore, in systems experiencing profound changes in wildlife populations, building such capacities may be even more critical as more flexibility will be needed to cope with increased uncertainty and changed environmental conditions.

Published
2022
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49. Adaptive capacity in the multi-level management system of migratory waterbirds : a case study of participatory goose management in Sweden

Author

Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Sandström, Camilla, Elmberg, Johan, Eriksson, Louise, Johansson, Maria, Månsson, Johan, Sandström, Camilla, and Elmberg, Johan

Abstract

Adaptive management (AM) is one approach to manage migratory waterbirds, but obstacles to the implementation of AM require adaptive capacities in the management system (rules, institutions, action situations). This study aims to examine the adaptive capacity of participatory goose management in Sweden. Considering the biophysical and institutional context, we analyzed how tangible, individual, and governance assets were associated with technical and social learning. Interviews with informants in the national council for geese, swans, and cranes, and local management groups (LMGs) were conducted, and documentation reviewed. Results revealed evidence of a local preparedness in areas with an LMG. Nevertheless, the study highlighted a need to formalize the evolving system, to consider a more systematic implementation of AM (including regulations allowing for adaptive responses), and to ensure stakeholder acceptance for management tools and visions. The study illustrates the need for a broad set of assets to ensure learning in participatory management.

Published
2022
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50. Nutrient balancing or spring flush – What determines spruce bark stripping level by red deer?

Author

Widén, Anna, Jarnemo, Anders, Månsson, Johan, Lilja, Johan, Morel, Julien, Felton, Annika M., Widén, Anna, Jarnemo, Anders, Månsson, Johan, Lilja, Johan, Morel, Julien, and Felton, Annika M.

Abstract

The distribution and population density of red deer (Cervus elaphus) are increasing in several regions of Europe. The deer may cause severe damage in commercial forestry and agriculture. Bark stripping is the main problem in forests, especially on Norway spruce (Picea abies), and is thought to mostly occur during winter when other forage is scarce. It has been suggested that an imbalance in the nutrient intake, and especially a diet including high amounts of easily-digestible macronutrients, such as agricultural crops, can lead to an increased urge to consume bark. Feeding on brassicas, for example rapeseed (Brassica napus) might have this effect. The aim with this study was to investigate the relationship between intake of rapeseed and bark stripping on Norway spruce by red deer during early spring. We did this by a controlled feeding experiment with four groups of captive red deer in southern Sweden. All groups were given spruce logs every week, while only two groups had access to freshly harvested rapeseed plants. In addition, influence of air temperature and forage nutritional composition was taken into account. Our results show that red deer bark stripping can be considerable not only during winter but also during spring green-up. We found no significant influence of rapeseed on bark stripping performed by the deer. However, at a threshold temperature, deer suddenly started to ingest large amounts of bark biomass, coinciding with a significant change in the bark's concentration of starch. We suggest that the lack of effect of rapeseed feeding can partly be explained by overshadowing effects caused by such seasonal changes of bark characteristics, and partly by the fact that the rapeseed plants in our study contained lower than expected concentrations of easily-digestible macronutrients (apart from protein). We conclude that the risk of damage on spruce can be especially high during certain periods, something that is important to consider when mitigating bark st, Funding text: We thank Kurt Svensson, Lars Hansson, Charlotte Hansson, Emy Vu, Johan Andersson and Klas Pernebratt. The study was financed by The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (802-0100-15) and The Swedish Association for Hunting and Wildlife Management (F2015/131) . Annika M. Felton was financed by the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (FR -2016/0005) . Johan Mnsson was financed by SLU and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.

Published
2022
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