Search

Rebecca Perrain,1,2 David Calvet,3– 5 Vincent Guiraud,3– 5 Lila Mekaoui,1 Jean-Louis Mas,3– 5 Philip Gorwood1,2,5 1GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France; 2University of Paris, Paris, France; 3GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France; 4University of Paris, FHU Neurovasc, Paris, France; 5Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, INSERMU1266, Paris, FranceCorrespondence: Rebecca PerrainClinique des Maladies Mentales et de l’Encéphale, Sainte-Anne Hospital, GHU Paris– Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 100 rue de la Santé 75674 Paris Cedex 14, Paris, FranceTel +33 1 45 65 83 64Fax +33 1 45 65 76 56Email r.perrain@ghu-paris.frPurpose: Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects one third of stroke survivors, with multiple severe negative consequences. We aim to assess the weight of four different types of clinical risk factors for PSD.Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in a stroke centre. After stroke, patients were assessed for cognitive performances, psychiatric standardized questionnaires and socio-demographic features. They were called three months after and assessed for major depressive episode using DSM criteria.Results: PSD was diagnosed in 8 of the 59 (13.6%) patients enrolled in the study. After multivariate analysis, only “previous history of depressive episode” remained a significant predictive factor for PSD, the model explaining 19% of the total variance (OR=18.0; p=0.002). Patients with a previous history of depression had a 10-fold increased risk for PSD.Conclusion: Previous history of depression is confirmed as a strong risk factor for PDS and allow the identification of an at-risk sub-group of patients.Keywords: post-stroke depression, depression, stroke, risk factors, prevention, cohort

The presence of natural and artificial radionuclides in the marine environment produces the accumulation of radionuclides in bivalve molluscs consumed by humans, and therefore it could result in a radiological hazard. In this study, the activity concentrations of 210 Po, 40 K, 210 Pb and 234 Th were determined in different types of bivalve molluscs sampled during the period of May 2014-June 2015, along coastal areas from the Andalusian region (South of Spain), through alpha-particle spectrometry and low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 210 Po; 40 K; 210 Pb and 234 Th varied between 40 ± 2 and 515 ± 9 Bq kg -1 dry weight (d.w.); 121 ± 7 and 674 ± 34 Bq kg -1 d.w.; ND (lower than limit of detection) and 73 ± 10 Bq kg -1 d.w.; and ND and 126 ± 27 Bq kg -1 d.w., respectively. The committed effective dose to humans was calculated to range from 41 to 479 μSv year -1 . Both activity concentrations and dose levels were comparable to previous studies from other countries. Finally, a multivariate statistical analysis of natural radioactivity content allowed the discrimination between bivalve molluscs from Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Phosphogypsum (PG) has been usually applied as Ca-amendment to reclaim sodic soils such as those in the marshland area of Lebrija (SW Spain). This work aimed at the effects of PG amendments on the uptake of trace-elements by tomato and its implications for food safety. A completely randomized experiment was performed using a representative soil from Lebrija in a greenhouse involving six replicates and four PG treatments equivalent to 0, 20, 60, and 200 Mg ha(-1). Soil-to-plant transfer factors (TFs) were determined for Be, B, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb, Th and U. The highest TF in shoots was observed for Cd (4.0; 1.5 in fruits), its concentration being increased with increasing PG doses due to its content in this metal (2.1 mg Cd kg(-1)PG). Phosphogypsum applying decreased the concentrations of Mn, Co and Cu in shoots; and of B, Cu, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl and Th in fruits, however enhanced the accumulation of Se in fruits. Although Cd concentrations in tomato were below the maximum allowed levels in control pots (0 Mg PG ha(-1)), PG amendments above 60 Mg ha(-1) exceeded such limits., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphoric acid production process that contains high concentrations of U-series radionuclides. PG piles formed during the last 30 years cover about 1,200 hectares and are located close to the town of Huelva (Spain) on a salt-marsh. The regional government of Andalusia restored the area beginning in 1990 by covering it with a 25-cm-thick layer of natural soil. With this restoration, the external gamma-dose rate in the zone has decreased drastically, approaching near environmental background values. This conclusion is based on results obtained through in-situ monitoring measurements and through a dosimetric model developed for that particular radiation source. As the model uses average parameters of the studied site, its output does not show a correlation point by point with the in-situ monitoring measurements. However, a good agreement is observed in average values over the covered piles. The model gives an average dose rate of 0.41 mGy y(-1) and the in situ monitoring 0.40 mGy y(-1). Based on this model, it is possible to calculate the necessary thickness of soil to reduce the dosimetric contribution from a similar extension of PG until the desired level is reached. In our conditions, in a 25-cm-thick soil, about 0.19 mGy y(-1) is the increase produced by the PG layer in relation to an infinitum soil layer. Consequently, no radiological concern exists in the restored zones with respect to the external gamma radiation.