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Purpose This study aims to identify the appropriate combination of attributes that must be present to deliver value in a new product for a pharmaceutical enterprise. Design/methodology/approach The application object was the Metronidazole analytical standard, using choice experiments to product attributes and price. Findings The practical results indicate that consumer value anticipation allows entry into the market with higher competitiveness. Originality/value Conceptually, it uses a value delivery approach, generally applied to large companies, in a case aimed at enterprises. In practice, for the enterprise studied, the value anticipation by the consumer allows entry into the market with higher competitiveness.

Mass customisation is a business strategy for house building companies to improve value generation and obtain a competitive advantage by offering the product variety that meets customers’ needs and, at the same time, maintaining costs and delivery time within market expectations. Companies aiming to define product variety should be able to assess the value of customisable attributes, as well as, estimate additional costs for both customer and themselves. This paper proposes a method for capturing customers’ demands to support the definition of the solution space in mass customised housing projects, based on preference models and the willingness-to-pay approaches that regard customer´s value, and its trade-offs with operations costs. The method was applied in an exploratory study with potential customers of the main social housing program from Brazil for initially testing its utility. The method was useful for identifying the most relevant housing customisable attributes and for estimating customers’ willingness-to-pay for different housing alternatives based on the preference model. The findings were summarised to support the definition of the solution space by indicating customers’ propensity to buy according to operations costs and profitability for each product alternative.

Public organizations are immersed in challenging contexts, having to meet and balance internal and external demands for transparency, accountability, political goals, and specific regulatory requirements. In this scenario, there is a growing enthusiasm from worldwide governments toward improvements of operations within their public institutions, including the adoption of management practices borrowed from the manufacturing industry, such as Lean Manufacturing. A large body of literature is evolving and addressing the importance of nurturing debates over Lean in the public domain, and so are efforts to integrate and structure such knowledge. We claim that (mainly) considering the public sector context, a geographical analysis is imperative for the research progress to be effective. We, therefore, seek to provide an extended look by conducting a qualitative systematic review, thoroughly scrutinizing extant empirical investigations across the globe, and over the years. We provide a categorization of current literature on the topic, identifying gaps, and providing timely avenues for future research.

This study aims to generate a referential basis on which the designer can reflect about and explore scenarios during the structural and graphic packaging projects. “Packing Radar (RE)” has been compiled over years of research as it is spread across different sources and areas of expertise. This qualitative research uses content analysis and expert's opinions. The (RE) proposition shows its potential for improvement and diagnosis of sustainable packaging projects, of teaching activities and packaging professionals graduation.

PurposeCustomer value is the key to successful innovation management. This task is considered complex and abstract. For this reason, several models have been proposed to that end, among them, Lean approaches. Lean's background has been applied to value identification, providing many benefits. This paper aims at analyzing the practices employed to identify customer value through Lean approaches.Design/methodology/approachThrough a systematic literature review, the main Lean practices for customer value identification were categorized based on five main streams: (1) customer development, (2) customer value, (3) lean product, (4) lean start-up, and (5) lean innovation. These practices were organized into a framework that addresses value identification based on ideation, value prospection, requirements, construction and measurement, and value delivery.FindingsIn total, 33 practices were found to support capturing the value from the customer's perception. Additionally, a discussion is provided on the complementarity and differences between practices.Originality/valueA framework is proposed to integrate the five streams and the corresponding practices for value identification. The results provide mechanisms that can benefit practitioners to better understand the value demanded by customers during innovation management. In fact, practitioners can use the proposed framework to identify value to customers in a holistic way. Academically, the results gather research on customer value and innovation management to contribute with a novel artifact for customer value identification in operations management using Lean approaches. Finally, a future research agenda on value identification is proposed.

This paper aims to assess the critical success factors (CSF) to implement open innovation (OI) in companies of Regional Innovation Systems. The CSF compiled from the literature were subjected to factor analysis and grouped into five main categories. These factors were transformed into indicators to assess the CSF and verify RIS companies’ stance on OI implementation. The companies were subsequently grouped by similarity to form three distinct clusters in relation to CSF. Cluster analysis revealed a group of companies committed to OI, mostly influenced by service companies, a group of conservative companies or companies with limitations regarding OI, and a third group of companies that resisted this strategy. The results yielded interesting insights about the implementation of open innovation in Regional Innovation Systems that can help to further academic discussions on this topic. Furthermore, this paper provides indicators that managers can use as tools to identify and assess which CSF for OI have the most impact in their business context, and on which CSF they must focus their efforts and improve.

This work aims to identify: (i) practices aligned to lean principles used by companies in the construction industry (ii) performance indicators used in lean systems and (iii) barriers to the implementation of these performance indicators. A survey was developed and applied as a research tool. The first version was prepared through bibliographic review and semi-structured interviews with lean production specialists. After application and refinement cycles, the final version of the questionnaire was applied to a sample of 32 companies in the construction sector, established in the state of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. As a contribution of the present study, the analysis of the most used practices showed that most of the companies included in the research is in an early stage of lean implementation. In addition, some of the most used practices are associated to the indicators pointed out by the participants as being more used. This relationship indicates that there is a structured attempt to mature the implementation of practices, monitored by appropriate indicators. The lack of knowledge of employees in the implementation and use of performance indicators and the lack of investment in technology are barriers to the implementation of performance indicators.

Resumo Diversos programas habitacionais foram concebidos e implementados nas últimas décadas no Brasil, com o objetivo de reduzir o déficit habitacional. Apesar dos esforços para o desenvolvimento de habitação social, uma parcela substancial de empreendimentos tem apresentado falhas de qualidade ao longo da etapa de uso, as quais representam custos para a sociedade. Pesquisas anteriores têm concentrado suas avaliações nas unidades habitacionais, deixando como lacuna a avaliação dos espaços coletivos dos empreendimentos habitacionais de interesse social (EHIS). O presente trabalho propõe um método para a avaliação da qualidade das áreas de uso comum de EHIS. Por meio da abordagem metodológica Design Science Research, foram propostas ferramentas de coleta de dados e métricas para manifestações patológicas e não conformidades em áreas de uso comum. O método considera requisitos de normas técnicas relacionadas ao desempenho de edificações e acessibilidade, e delimita a avaliação a três elementos construtivos: fachadas de edifícios, calçadas e estacionamento, e áreas de circulação interna dos edifícios. O método foi testado em uma amostra de 10 EHIS na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. A principal contribuição do trabalho está no desenvolvimento desse método para a avaliação pós-ocupação de áreas comuns, que permite a avaliação da qualidade técnica de forma rápida e padronizada. Abstract Several housing programs have been conceived and implemented in the last few decades in Brazil, with the aim to reduce the housing shortage. Despite the efforts to develop social housing, a substantial share of projects has had quality failures in the use phase, which represent costs to society. Previous research has been limited to the evaluation of housing units, leaving a gap in the evaluation of the communal areas of housing projects. This research study proposes a method to evaluate the quality of communal areas of social housing projects. By using Design Science Research as a methodological approach, tools for data collection and metrics for construction pathologies and non-conformities in communal areas were proposed. The method considers requirements of building performance and accessibility technical standards, and covers the evaluation to three elements of communal areas: building facades, sidewalks and parking spaces, and internal circulation areas of buildings. The method was tested on a sample of 10 social housing projects in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The main contribution of this investigation is the development of the method for the evaluation of communal areas, which can be used to assess the technical quality of those areas in a fast and standardised way.

Currently companies face a market extremely competitive, in this scenario, to achieve a significant profit margin, is essential to reduce costs and rework. This study was developed in the central food cooperative Aurora (Erechim- RS), in the continuous freezing tunnels, which are responsible for the biggest bottleneck of the company. The continuous freezing tunnels are very unstable, because the products are positioned on a rail, which can or cannot acquire the proper temperature for freezing, generating rework case do not meet the standards. Therefore, the objective was to restructure the current layout of continuous sausage freeze tunnels, based on temperature analyzes to evaluate compliance with the SAI-151-00 Internal Regulation, propose a new layout with static cages for the tunnels, present the budget for that change and to estimate a deadline to investment's payback. For this work were used approach methods qualitative and quantitative. As the purpose is classified as descriptive, methodological, and as to the means to be treated as field research, literature and case study. In order to perform the temperature analysis, the freezing conformity assessment methodology was used and the layout design methodology was used for the development of the new layout, in which a budget analysis was also developed according to the described methodology. With the completion of work was possible to developed a proposal for a new layout that will double capacity of freezing tunnels and meet all applicable standards. Also found through a budget analysis in less than five days of production in fresh pork the expenses will be paid off. Resumo: As empresas enfrentam um mercado extremamente competitivo, diante deste cenário, para manterem-se ativas atingindo uma margem de lucro significativa é essencial reduzir os custos e o retrabalho. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido na Cooperativa Central Aurora Alimentos de Erechim – RS no setor de túneis e expedição. Os túneis de congelamento contínuo da empresa são responsáveis pelo maior gargalo do setor, atribui-se isso pela sua instabilidade, pois os produtos que são posicionados no trilho deveriam atingir a temperatura adequada de congelamento e normalmente não atingem, gerando assim retrabalho caso não obedeçam às normas estabelecidas para o setor. Sendo assim, o objetivo foi reestruturar o layout atual dos túneis de congelamento contínuo de linguiças, baseado nas análises de temperatura para avaliar a conformidade com a Normativa Interna SAI-151-00, propor um novo layout com gaiolas estáticas para os túneis, apresentar o orçamento dessa mudança e estimar um prazo para a quitação do mesmo. Foram utilizados os métodos de abordagem quantitativo e qualitativo. Quanto aos fins classifica-se como descritiva e metodológica, e quanto aos meios classifica-se como pesquisa de campo, bibliográfica e estudo de caso. Para a realização das análises de temperatura utilizou-se a metodologia de avaliação de conformidade de congelamento e para o desenvolvimento do novo layout utilizou-se a metodologia de projeto de layout em que também se desenvolveu uma análise orçamentária conforme metodologia descrita. Foi possível desenvolver uma proposta de um novo layout que poderá dobrar a capacidade dos túneis de congelamento e assim vir a atender todas as normas vigentes. Também se constatou por meio de uma análise orçamentária que em menos de sete dias de produção nos frescais, as despesas poderão quitadas.

In the development of innovative offers, especially in startups, there is an uncertainty of market acceptance and understand how the target audience will absorb an innovation. In the agricultural sector, there is conservatism in the new products and services approval, in addition to a lack of confidence in the quality and future maintenance of unknown offers. In this context, traditional market research often provides inaccurate information, as the intention to acquire an offer may depend on current circumstances in addition to cultural and cognitive factors not directly captured by the research, preventing the identification of what is of value to the farmer. Without a structured method for understanding what value to the farmers is, in this case, the chance to understand how to make farmers aware of migrating from unsustainable solutions to new alternatives, such as product-service systems, is misplaced. This proposal is around an innovative grain drying that replaces firewood, a current process that causes damage to the environment and contaminates the grain. This study aims to present the development of the sustainable product-service system across innovative alternatives using the scenarios analysis to estimate the willingness-to-pay to anticipate value in terms of attribute importance of a for Agricola drying process. Along with the scenarios, price estimates are associated as a trade-off, bringing a more realistic perspective than represents a balance of the value of attributes versus price for the acquisition. The method is easy to apply and represents an alternative for introducing more innovative and sustainable solutions in the agricultural environment.

The transition from mass production system to lean production system carrier significant changes in operational strategies of industrial organizations. A production model system can engender different reactions by the people involved; some of them can show resistance during the process, ranging from unreserved support to a hidden resistance (even explicit). In order to identify the main practices to support change processes, this study provides a literature review to systematize the main researches related to change management during lean manufacturing implementation. This study aims to provide a systematic literature review covering main researches related to change management and lean manufacturing implementation to identify the main factors that affect the production system change. The research was carried out between October 2016 and January 2018. In methodological terms, literature review was developed by using Scopus and ISI web of Science publications. As a result of this study, 25 papers related to lean manufacturing implementation were identified and 10 factors were consolidated. The most relevant practices of change management were also identified to support lean production system implementation. Resumo: A transição de um sistema de produção em massa para um sistema de produção enxuta implica em mudanças de grande magnitude no âmbito da estratégia de operações por parte de organizações de base de manufatura, podendo desencadear diferentes reações por parte dos colaboradores, indo desde o apoio irrestrito à iniciativa até a resistência velada (ou mesmo explícita). No sentido de identificar as principais práticas capazes de apoiar essas mudanças, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de oferecer uma revisão da literatura de modo a sistematizar as principais pesquisas realizadas sobre a gestão de mudança relacionada à implantação do lean manufacturing. Em especial, o estudo tem o propósito de evidenciar os principais fatores que podem comprometer e ou potencializar o êxito da adoção dos princípios lean no sistema de produção. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de Outubro de 2016 a Janeiro de 2018 nas bases de periódicos Scopus e ISI Web of Science para identificação dos principais periódicos, autores e sua literatura concernente à temática. Como resultados, foram identificados 25 artigos provenientes das referidas bases, o que permitiu a consolidação de 10 fatores-chave na literatura e a identificação das práticas de gestão de mudança relevantes para apoiar a implantação de sistemas de produção enxuta.

Purpose A comprehensive understanding about open innovation implementation is still lacking. In particular, a compilation of drivers and barriers for OI implementation is absent from the literature. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for OI implementation at the firm level. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was conducted in order to identify CSFs for OI implementation in previously published literature. A total of 2,894 papers were identified, 156 of which were subjected to full independent analysis by the three authors. The following aspects were considered: research strategy, approach (empirical or theoretical) and objectives; theoretical background; methodological procedures; main results; and contributions to the literature. If the paper reported empirical research that included a description of actual OI implementation, additional aspects were analyzed: industry or sector of application; firm characteristics; success of OI implementation and OI tools and techniques reported. Findings A synthetizing framework with six thematic categories of CSFs was proposed: leadership, internal innovation capability, network and relationships, strategy, technology management, and culture. A total of 22 CSFs for OI implementation were identified within these categories. Originality/value The proposed framework is an attempt to systematically generate a comprehensive list of factors that impact OI implementation. As such, it can support the theoretical development of OI-related capabilities, and serve as basis for future research that investigates operationalization and measurement of such capabilities.

Literature shows different forms of improving New Product Development performance for sustainable product innovation. To that end, Lean principles are widely disseminated as means for waste elimination, value proposition and continuous improvement in product development. Nevertheless, operationalizing the adoption of such principles requires knowledge regarding the adequate practices for each stage and the typology of the Lean Product Development. The available studies present practices focused on specific Lean practices in product development stages without a systemic vision of the process. This study's objective is to fill this gap by proposing a framework with tools and practices to be implemented throughout the Lean Product Development and by offering a customizable guide to implement the framework. The tools and practices addressing Lean Product Development were divided into phases, resulting in 17 studies and 42 tools/practices. We applied the proposed framework to the case of a fruit processing agroindustry to sustainably develop an innovative solution (Cationic, Anionic, Hydrophobic Modified Starch in Pre-Gel Form) for fruit preservation and to eliminate waste during the product development process. This study presents techniques and methodologies for the development of solutions for the agroindustrial sector. The development of this product was supported by Lean practices and tools, offering reusable knowledge, which preserved fruits for twice the shelf life. The proposed solution presented a 56-day preservation, which presents a 25% higher yield compared to the current best preserving solution (sulfur dioxide). In addition to eliminating the need to purchase a new equipment, since it comprises a similar process to the already existing ones in the fruit processing.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between the utilization of the customization strategy and the availability of the online toolkit and its features with the commercial variables of businesses. Design/methodology/approach The sample used in this paper consists of 134 cases of corporate brands in the automobile industry; their sales correspond to 49.12 percent of vehicles produced in 2012. The logistic regression analysis was then applied to the sample. Findings This paper confirmed the relationship between the use of toolkits for customization and business variables, like vehicle sales. Originality/value The generated model allows the prediction of market conditions which recommended to provide the toolkit for customization, and if implemented, what combination of features it must have.

Mass customization is a strategy to improve value generation for customers, by offering product variety and, at the same time, maintaining costs and delivery time to an acceptable level. A key problem for applying this strategy in the housebuilding sector is the definition of the solution space, i.e. the range of product alternatives that will be offered. This paper proposes an adaptation of conjoint analysis to identify customer preferences regarding customizable attributes in low-cost housing projects. The utility of this adaptation is illustrated by a case study, which was carried out in a construction company that had delivered low-income housing projects, and offered some degree of product flexibility. Results indicate that this technique was effective to understand customers' preferences out of a range of housing attributes, by providing a ranking of those attributes chosen by customers. Therefore, this technique can support decision-making when dealing with trade-offs between customers' preferences, product flexibility and costs, which is an important concern for companies that deliver customized housing units. Resumo A customização em massa é uma estratégia para melhorar a geração de valor para os clientes, oferecendo variedade de produtos e, ao mesmo tempo, mantendo os custos e o prazo de entrega em um nível aceitável. Um problema importante para a aplicação dessa estratégia no setor de produção habitacional é a definição do espaço da solução, ou seja, a variedade de alternativas de produtos a serem oferecidos. Este artigo propõe uma adaptação da análise conjunta para identificar as preferências dos clientes em relação aos atributos customizáveis em empreendimentos habitacionais de baixa renda. A utilidade dessa adaptação é ilustrada em um estudo de caso, o qual foi realizado em uma empresa de construção que entrega empreendimentos habitacionais de baixa renda e oferece algum grau de flexibilidade do produto. Os resultados indicam que essa técnica foi eficaz para compreender as preferências dos clientes dentre diversos atributos de moradia, indicando um ranqueamento dos atributos escolhidos pelos clientes. Consequentemente, essa técnica pode dar suporte a tomada de decisões ao considerar os trade-offs entre as preferências dos clientes, a flexibilidade e os custos do produto, um fator importante a ser considerado por empresas que entregam unidades habitacionais customizadas.

Product&ndash, service systems (PSSs) have significant sustainability potential. However, limited knowledge is available on the choices to develop circular PSS solutions. The goal of this paper is to provide a circular innovation framework containing circular strategies to facilitate the decision-making in PSS circular innovation. A systematic literature review in combination with content analysis underpinned this research. The strategies were investigated in 45 PSS cases from the literature. A coding system was designed and employed to identify and organize the circular strategies and practices. The statistics techniques employed were frequency and co-occurrence analysis, which aimed to describe the synergies among strategies. The framework proposed contains twenty-one circular strategies. The practical perspective comprises the seventy-seven practices used for the operationalization of strategies. The framework can assist organizations in making strategic to tactical decisions when developing circular PSS solutions. The paper provides a panorama of the strategy applications among the PSS types. Finally, the research approach can be employed to continuously develop an understanding of the application of circular strategies in PSS and other fields.

Goal: This article presents an assessment of the impacts of the “Research in Companies Support Program (PAPPE): Economical Subvention to Innovation”, in the decentralized modality, i.e., projects contracted in the states of the Brazilian federation. Considering the high opportunity cost of the PAPPE program, it was deemed important to evaluate how the financed projects impacted the three dimensions (economic, social and environmental) of sustainable development. Methodology: Study was based on literature review on innovation grants; interviews with one Finep technician and technicians from Fapes, Fapesc and Sebrae-PR; and documental research and analysis of 53 projects carried out in the states of Espírito Santo, Paraná and Santa Catarina, from 2009-2013. Descriptive analysis was conducted for comparing performance of the three states. Results: Under the economic dimension, the PAPPE program enhanced the ability of funding recipients to compete on a national level. However, there was no evidence of impact on the social and environmental dimensions. Limitations of the investigation: This research is restricted to three Brazilian states, chosen due to the homogeneity of project types and the interest of the researchers, with a focus on the state of Espírito Santo. Practical implications: Although both social and environmental dimensions are not explicit in the scope of the PAPPE program, the assessment of these dimensions should be included in the design and evaluation of any policy sponsored by public funding, since they are critical to the country.

Several initiatives have been proposed to address food waste and loss issues and support stakeholders throughout the food chain. However, the literature still lacks a review paper that compiles methods, practices, and solutions to reduce food waste and loss. With the goal of filling this gap, this paper aims to compile and gather food waste and loss prevention and minimization methods to support decision-makers and other stakeholders along the food chain. Through a systematic literature review, we have outlined research findings and empirical studies on food waste and loss prevention and minimization methods previously published, studied, implemented, and discussed in the scientific literature worldwide. A sample of 84 articles was analyzed. As a result, this study provides a bibliometric analysis of the sample and a classification of the prevention and minimization methods found in the articles in 10 fields established by the authors. A coverage analysis of empirical studies was also performed, cross-checking the data with the type of food extracted from the case studies application. Lastly, suggestions of future research extracted from the articles were compiled into a research agenda to indicate trends and support academics, researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders involved in the food chain to develop and study practices to minimize and prevent food waste and loss. The main contribution of this study is an inventory of the theoretical and practical methods of prevention and minimization of food waste and loss found in the literature, grouping them according to their similarities, to support stakeholders improving actions to reduce food waste in cities, farms, retail, and other sustainable ecosystems.

Mass customisation is a business strategy that aims to deliver a variety of products that fulfil customer requirements and, at the same time, keep price and delivery time within acceptable limits. It has been adopted in different sectors to increase value generation, including house building. A major challenge in mass customisation is customer integration, i.e., how to improve value generation by understanding and considering requirements from different customers, and defining their involvement in product development. Most studies on this topic tend to be technology-focused, often being limited to methods and digital tools to generate and display product alternatives. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework of decision categories for customer integration and for devising the scope of customisation to support the definition of mass customisation (MC) strategies. Design science research was the methodological approach adopted in this investigation. It was based on a literature review about mass customisation practices and also on an empirical study developed in a residential building company from Brazil. The main contribution of this paper is a framework for customer integration, which contains a set of decision categories related to the definition of the scope of customisation and customer integration, and a list of practices that are applicable to house building. A secondary contribution of this investigation is a set of constructs that have been used to describe the decision categories and their relationships.

Developing innovative solutions begins with the identification of needs to represent customer value. This understanding is essential for entrepreneurs to test their hypotheses and deliver value propositions, especially in startups, where the degree of uncertainty is high, and the business model has no consolidation. To this end, different approaches, which are mostly supported by learning cycles of experimentation, have emerged to assess customer and stakeholder value in innovation projects. To understand how these approaches and practices represents an alternative for value identification and proposition, this study aims to demonstrate a method to conduct practices and techniques in innovative solutions to anticipate customer value during the front-end phases of a sustainable product. The main contribution is the application of the framework in the case of a startup focused on agriculture for the development of a grain drying machine. The main technology behind this innovation is the drying through oxyhydrogen burn, which is extracted from the water. The framework proved to be useful for organizing market-bound information to form customer value proposition. The results allow the startup to reduce or solve uncertainties in its business model, which are challenges inherent to the innovation market. The learning from the application of the framework resulted in a remodeling of the business model to achieve a broader public as the startup pivoted initial customer needs into product requirements.

The grain drying and storage process currently practiced in Brazil is mostly accomplished by firewood combustion, with a high demand for natural resources, lack of safety for operators, and a high rate of residue and pollutant generation. Brazil is the third-largest producer of grains, and public policies should restrict the firewood drying method as of the year 2020. To solve this problem, a startup developed a technology to dries grains based on oxyhydrogen combustion, using only green energy and water. This study contemplates the assessment of farmers concerning perceived value attributes and willingness-to-pay of a Sustainable Product-Service System. This solution is a mix of tangible products and intangible services offered simultaneously to solve post-harvest problems. A large survey comprising 354 small, medium, and large farmers in the South region of Brazil was conducted to evaluate the value attributes allocated by farmers for their acceptance of a new technology of grain drying and quality preservation. In this survey, to assess farmers’ perceptions were applied offers based on three types of Product-Service System: options of purchasing equipment with corrective maintenance services (product-oriented Product-Service System), renting equipment with corrective and preventive maintenance services (use-oriented Product-Service System), and complementing services for the management of quality, information, drying and storage of grains (result-oriented Product-Service System). The survey results allowed the establishment of the attributes deemed necessary by farmers, who revealed preference towards the purchase offer (56.5%) over the rental offer (43.5%), emphasizing the inclusion of the maintenance service. It is concluded that to implement complete service (maintenances types and process management) offers investments are still necessary to educate farmers in the use of management technologies. The best offer to delivered value to Brazilian farmers is acquired in purchase modality composed by drying machines, preventive maintenance, silo storage, and corrective maintenance.

Resumo: Estudos indicam a importância de incluir a experiência do usuário na medição da usabilidade de dispositivos médicos. Contudo, a avaliação atribuída pelo usuário depende do contexto de uso recebido no tratamento. Para medir a usabilidade de forma a separar esses efeitos e compreender as fontes que afetam a percepção do usuário, este artigo tem por objetivo propor uma estratégia de análise que avalia o efeito do contexto de uso na medição de usabilidade do dispositivo. Na sequência, são criados indicadores livres desses efeitos para compreender a avaliação global do dispositivo. Para atingir os objetivos, as técnicas de análise de variância multivariada e análise fatorial exploratória são empregadas. O estudo é ilustrado por meio de uma survey com pacientes em tratamento de hemodiálise, conduzido em hospitais e clínicas na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com a participação de 200 pacientes. Os resultados apontam que a avaliação do dispositivo médico difere (p < 0,05) de acordo com o ambiente, a posição da fístula, o gênero, a idade e a escolaridade do paciente. O ambiente mostrou influência sobre um maior número de variáveis, afetando, inclusive, o grau de confiança nos procedimentos. Três indicadores foram criados: procedimentos de uso, ambiente e aspectos da máquina. Os indicadores permitiram avaliar quais marcas, tipos de procedimentos e quais ambientes têm melhores resultados. O método empregado pode ser replicado em casos de avaliação de dispositivos médicos, capacitando os gestores de saúde a avaliar a usabilidade por meio de indicadores sintéticos e identificar aspectos para melhorar a usabilidade no tratamento médico.

This study has explored the applicability of the concepts related to Lean Manufacturing with focus on service areas, specifically in an office specialized in graphic design of packaging. Through a case study it was possible to deploy and analyse the value stream map of the company’s overall processes. This map has assisted in identification of waste situations and in proposing improvements in the process. It is concluded that Lean concepts have been presented as promising in a graphic design company and are potentially applicable in creative companies.

When thinking of innovation applied to packaging, it becomes evident that there is a profusion of propositions of an applied nature to improve and benefit. However, the literature does not present guidelines that help assessing the main innovation factors applied to paperboard packaging. This article aimed to identify guidelines for assessing innovation in the design and production of paperboard consumer packaging which could be used to identify the type and intensity of incident innovation factor(s). The study used a qualitative/descriptive methodological approach and literature review.