1. Probing Gluon Spin-Momentum Correlations in Transversely Polarized Protons through Midrapidity Isolated Direct Photons in p↑+p Collisions at s=200 GeV
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S. F. Pate, Y. L. Yamaguchi, C. Xu, D. Ivanishchev, V. Papavassiliou, Hari Guragain, C. E. Perezlara, H. Asano, A. Sexton, T. Murakami, P. Montuenga, Y. Riabov, R. Seto, N. Grau, T. W. Danley, Takafumi Niida, J. Huang, A. Franz, J. Runchey, A. Sen, Prakhar Garg, K. A. Drees, N. Feege, Kenta Shigaki, R. Cervantes, Iu. Mitrankov, L. Zou, J. Bryslawskyj, J. E. Frantz, D. Reynolds, M. Rosati, B. Mulilo, Sándor Lökös, Tamás Csörgő, K. N. Barish, A. S. Nyanin, J. Klatsky, S. Zharko, N. Cronin, A. Deshpande, Dillon Scott Fitzgerald, Kei Nagashima, M. Snowball, D. McGlinchey, R. A. Soltz, N. Ramasubramanian, H. En'yo, Alexei Khanzadeev, M. J. Leitch, V. Canoa Roman, John Hill, M. Tomášek, D. E. Fields, X. Jiang, Rachid Nouicer, Xiong Wang, A. N. Zelenski, S. P. Sorensen, B. Kurgyis, B. V. Jacak, Minghui Liu, Brajesh K. Singh, G. J. Ottino, Toru Sugitate, W. Peng, P. W. Stankus, Kensuke Homma, I. J. Choi, M. L. Brooks, L. Bichon, C. L. Woody, M. Alfred, M. Grosse Perdekamp, Kenneth Francis Read, Y. J. Kwon, J. B. Choi, X. He, A. Berdnikov, Y. H. Leung, Raphael Noel Tieulent, A. V. Kazantsev, F. Giordano, Satoshi Sato, S. Kudo, R. Corliss, N. S. Bandara, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, T. Hachiya, S. K. Park, M. I. Nagy, Dipak Kumar Mishra, Kenichi Imai, Petr Gallus, T. O. S. Haseler, D. A. Loomis, D. Kapukchyan, Jong-Min Park, Taku Gunji, G. D. N. Perera, Qiao Xu, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Y. Goto, M. Phipps, Motoi Inaba, T. Nagashima, Y. Fukuda, I. V. Sourikova, Hideki Hamagaki, W. Fan, G. David, T. Todoroki, E. J. Mannel, K. I. Hahn, J. G. Lajoie, S. Lee, Jennifer E. Perry, Xiao-yan Li, Alexander Milov, J. Hanks, Hiroyuki Sako, M. Patel, N. Apadula, A. Durum, A. Iordanova, Keiji Nagai, A. Drees, S. H. Lim, S. Y. Han, Z. Ji, D. Yu Peressounko, A. Yanovich, I. Nakagawa, Z. Rowan, Dennis Perepelitsa, M. Mendoza, S. Karthas, J. L. Nagle, C. Pinkenburg, D. Kotov, D. S. Jumper, Kyoichiro Ozawa, D. P. Morrison, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, S. Campbell, M. Csanad, S. P. Stoll, G. Nukazuka, Min-Hye Kim, G. Tarnai, H. Ge, K. Nakano, Z. Sun, W. E. Sondheim, Arkadiy Taranenko, S. H. Lee, I. Tserruya, M. Jezghani, D. Larionova, T. Majoros, D. Sharma, V. Singh, A. Hodges, T. Shioya, R. Esha, S. D. Rolnick, M. Slunečka, P. L. McGaughey, S. Tarafdar, V. Babintsev, N. Novitzky, R. P. Pisani, T. Koblesky, T. Moon, Senta Greene, Viktor Riabov, Serpil Yalcin, M. Sarsour, D. Jouan, Y. Corrales Morales, V. Bumazhnov, S. Nelson, Byung-Sik Hong, B. Fadem, E. O'Brien, K. L. Smith, M. Harvey, U. Acharya, M. McCumber, Anne Marie Sickles, J. Murata, Chong Kim, A. Bazilevsky, S. Bathe, M. Chiu, Dmitry Blau, B. Schaefer, C. P. Wong, P. V. Radzevich, M. Connors, T. A. Shibata, W. A. Zajc, L. Xue, Alexandre Lebedev, C. A. Ogilvie, T. K. Hemmick, E. J. Desmond, Eunja Kim, A. Denisov, J. S. Bok, G. Mitsuka, A. Pun, J. H. Kang, J. S. Haggerty, Sergey Fokin, K. DeBlasio, D. Isenhower, Tamas Novak, Balazs Ujvari, M. Giles, M. Mitrankova, I. E. Yushmanov, C. Gal, Klaus Dehmelt, Julia Velkovska, A. Khatiwada, D. Dixit, S. Mizuno, M. Beaumier, H. W. Van Hecke, B. Blankenship, Agneta Oskarsson, D. Kincses, John Matthew Durham, Y. Berdnikov, Y. Akiba, C. McKinney, Vaclav Vrba, K. Hill, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, R. S. Hollis, Y. I. Makdisi, M. M. Mondal, M. J. Tannenbaum, B. K. Schmoll, S. Esumi, Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, Alice Mignerey, S. Miyasaka, Shoichi Hasegawa, Takao Sakaguchi, A. D. Frawley, V. Andrieux, S. Huang, V. Khachatryan, A. Kingan, H. F. Hamilton, D. Kawall, B. Azmoun, K. Tanida, E. Kistenev, J. H. Yoo, R. Belmont, Zvi Hirsh Citron, P. Kline, A. Dion, I. Shein, J. Sun, V. R. Loggins, J. T. Mitchell, K. Sedgwick, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, Vladislav Manko, Mihael Makek, H. Yamamoto, C. L. Silva, A. Enokizono, Y. Watanabe, V. Pantuev, R. S. Towell, A. Timilsina, K. Lovasz, D. Lynch, M. Potekhin, T. Hoshino, D. Richford, A. S. Safonov, Yoshifumi Ueda, J. H. Do, C. L. Towell, N. Vukman, Timothy Thomas Rinn, H. Yu, T. Sumita, C. Y. Chi, M. S. Daugherity, C. P. Singh, J. D. Osborn, Inseok Yoon, R. Petti, B. M. Johnson, N. A. Lewis, M. Finger, J. Sziklai, M. Virius, J. D. Orjuela Koop, and Prashant Shukla
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Physics ,Photon ,Proton ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Nuclear Theory ,Hadron ,Strong interaction ,General Physics and Astronomy ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Gluon ,Nuclear physics ,Momentum ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,PHENIX detector ,Nuclear Experiment ,010306 general physics ,Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider - Abstract
Studying spin-momentum correlations in hadronic collisions offers a glimpse into a three-dimensional picture of proton structure. The transverse single-spin asymmetry for midrapidity isolated direct photons in p ↑ + p collisions at s = 200 GeV is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Because direct photons in particular are produced from the hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force, this measurement is a clean probe of initial-state spin-momentum correlations inside the proton and is in particular sensitive to gluon interference effects within the proton. This is the first time direct photons have been used as a probe of spin-momentum correlations at RHIC. The uncertainties on the results are a 50-fold improvement with respect to those of the one prior measurement for the same observable, from the Fermilab E704 experiment. These results constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons.
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- 2021