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Introduction trauma affects not the child but the whole family. how would the parents’ reaction to trauma influence the child’s resilience capacities? Objectives study the mental health status of parents of children consulting the trauma and resilience unit. Methods Descriptive and retrospective study of 20 consultants in the trauma and resilience unit at Mongi Slim hospital between January and April 2022. The evaluation of depressive symptoms in children was made by Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). The Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales were used to assess anxiety and depressive symptomatology in the parents of the consultants. Results The mean age of the children was 10.46±3.24. The traumatic event was related to an assault in 75% of cases, 45% of which were intrafamilial, road accident and death of a relative in 10% respectively, 5% domestic violence. Five consultants had a CDI score ≥8 and 15 had a score >10. Only parents of children with a CDI score>19 had moderate to severe symptoms according to hamilton scales. The diagnosis of adjustment disorder was made in 45% of cases, post-traumatic stress disorder 20%, acute stress disorder 10% other 15% Conclusions The parents’ reaction to the tragedy would play a modulating role on the children’s resilience capacities. less anxious and depressed parents would help their child build his/her coping mecanisms. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Aims Most contraceptive methods are designed to be used by women due to the paucity of effective contraceptive options for men. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and family-planning (FP) practice among women of reproductive-age group in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. Materials and materials A self-administered questionnaire was developed and adapted from previous studies. Scores were used to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning FP. Results The questionnaire was answered by 430 women. Current use of contraceptives was stated by 81.9%. The commonest methods included intrauterine device (44%), oral pills (20.7%), and injectables (8.4%). Knowledge was good, fair, and poor in 34.2%, 60.2%, and 5.6% of participants, respectively. Attitude was positive in 95.3%. Practice of FP was good in 67.9%. The most common barriers included fear of side effects (27.2%), lack of knowledge (23.3%), husband's refusal (13%), and for religious reasons (6.5%). Good knowledge was significantly associated with full-time job of women (P < 0.001), professional job of husband (P = 0.002), and high income (P = 0.004). Attitude was not significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics (P > 0.05). Good practice was significantly associated with age ≥30 years (P = 0.037) and family size above 4 (P = 0.002). Knowledge and practice scores were significantly and positively, though weakly, correlated with the attitude score (rs < 0.3, P < 0.05). Conclusion The overall knowledge and attitude of respondents was good, but practice needs to be improved. Future campaigns and FP counseling should address the misconceptions about contraception, particularly side effects. Other barriers should be approached to ensure meeting of FP needs of couples.

Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) demonstrate potential positive effects on reproduction. However, their protective role against the reproductive toxicity pollutants has not yet been adequately studied at the molecular level. This study was designed to assess this objective using Benzo[α]pyrene B[a]P as reproductive toxic agent . Forty-eight mature male rats were randomly distributed into six groups: Group1 (negative control); Groups 2 and 3 (positive control I and II, wherein the animals were treated with 10 and 30 mg ZnO NPs/kg BW, respectively); Group 4 (B[a]P group; treated with 150 mg B[a]P/kg BW); and Groups 5 and 6 (subjected to B[a]P treatment co-administered with different concentrations of ZnO NPs). We investigated oxidative stress biomarkers; cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) gene expression; testosterone levels; and histopathology of the liver, kidney, and testicles. The B[a]P-treated group showed significant deterioration in all reproductive parameters and displayed induced oxidative stress. ZnO NPs remarkably reduced oxidative stress, effectively upregulated the mRNA levels of CY11A1, StAR, and 3β-HSD, and improved the histological pictures in the examined organs. At their investigated doses and given their NPs properties, ZnO NPs demonstrated a marked ameliorative effect against the reproductive toxic effects of B[a]P. Further studies are needed to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms of ZnO NPs.

Background: The foot is the most complex body’s structure; it is highly susceptible to disorders because of its loading pattern. The complexity of the foot structure geometry implies the use of reverse engineering tools to obtain a model that can accurately mimic the biomechanical behavior of the foot. Objective: The objective of this study is to establish a state-of-the-art ankle-foot finite element (FE) model with anatomically realistic geometry and structure in order to get the model that will suit all cases for future studies on stress injuries and foot insole designs under different loading conditions.Material and Methods: In this analytical study, tomography images were imported in DICOM format, after that, the object was exported in the form of three-dimensional structures in STL file format to define and assemble the structures. After that, the computer simulation on numerical model was done. One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed, and a threshold (pResults: The results showed no significant differences (P>0.05) between the values of the plantar pressure corresponding to neutral standing condition with other foot models in literature. The stresses transferred to the bone structure show that the relatively higher stress was located in the fifth, fourth and third tarsometatarsal, where the maximum von Mises stress in the bone structure was 2155.4 kPa. Conclusion: The state-of-the-art ankle-foot FE model with anatomically realistic geometry and structure will be very helpful for future studies on stress injuries and foot insole designs under different loading conditions.

Introduction Interactions between infertility and sexuality are numerous and complex. Recently more attention is being paid to the impact of infertility on the marital sexuality. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effects of infertility on sexual functions. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study, the obstetric gynecology department Basic demographic information was collected. Respondents were surveyed regarding sexual impact and perception of their infertility etiology. Results Our patients had an average age of 33.2. The average number of years of infertility was 3.9 years.. The most common cause of female infertility was an ovulat disorder (36%), that of male infertility was sperm production defect. The confrontation with a diagnosis of infertility marks a difference in the way couples organize their sexual life. In our study, sexual problems after this diagnosis were experienced by 38% of women. Sexual dysfunction was detected as a pain problem (24%), a desire problem (10%), an arousal problem (4%), and an orgasm problem in 6% and. Faced with this situation, women felt guilty (46%), angry (72%) and anxious (82%). Infertility was perceived as the worst experience of life by 78% of our patients. Conclusions Infertility can interfere negatively in women sexuality. The investigation of sexual difficulties in infertility consultations must be systematic.

Introduction The impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) can be devastating on women’s psychology. Moreover, IPV may destroy women’s self-esteem and self-identity. Objectives To identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with IPV and to assess self-esteem among women victims of IPV. Methods It was a descriptive and analytical study over a period of 03 months from June 1st to August 31st, 2018 including all cases IPV female victims in forensic department at Habib BOURGUIBA University Hospital, Sfax. In addition to epidemiological data, Rosenberg scale were used to assess the victim’s self-esteem. Results Among 142 female IPV victims, only 60 (22.3%) agreed to answer our questionnaire. Their median age was 33.5 years (27-41 years). Victims did not pass high school in 61.7% of cases and they were unemployed in 53.3% of cases. Most women got married at 23 years-old (20-26). The average length of marriage was 7 years (3-14 years). Bruises and abrasions were the most frequent lesions (58.3% and 56.7% of cases). Rosenberg Scale score’s mean was 28.3 ± 4.3. Self-esteem was low or very low among 70% of victims. Conclusions Female victims of IPV do not have a specific profile and low self-esteem is quite common among them. Additional research is needed to better understand the extent of the problem and to develop more effective reporting methods. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction Family caregivers of psychotic patients are exposed to violence and stress. However, associated psychological outcomes are poorly characterized in this population. Objectives The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between violence directed towards caregivers of patients with psychosis and developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods Participants were family caregivers of psychotic patients (n=95). They completed a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics. Sociodemographic and clinical data of patients were collected from medical records. We used the perceptions of prevalence of aggression scale (POPAS) to measure the frequency and severity of aggression directed at the respondent in the past and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to evaluate PTSD. Results A rate of 75.8% of caregivers reported experiencing moderate to severe levels of aggression. Decreased contact with patient (p=0.00), male gender (p=0.00), older age (p=0.00) and parent relationship (p=0.01) of caregivers, diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (p=0,00) and poor adherence to treatment (p=0,00) in affected relatives were associated with experiences of moderate–severe aggression. More than a half of caregivers (54.7%) reported potentially significant levels of PTSD which correlated with the level of aggression (p=0.00). Conclusions Our findings suggest that a large proportion of family caregivers of patient-initiated violence in psychosis reported experiencing a great distress and a high level of PTSD symptomatology. So, more attention should be paid to the support needs of caregivers who are faced with potentially life threatening aggressive behaviour by psychotic family members.

Introduction Internet addiction (IA) is a significant public health issue among adolescents. There is considerable evidence that IA is associated with various psychosocial harms. Objectives The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of internet addiction among secondary school. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 students enrolled in secondary school. The participants had filled the Internet Addiction Test of Young and a data file regarding the socio-demographic information, physical and information about the internet access and use. Results The sample consisted of 90 males and 62 females with a mean age of 13.14 ± 1.2 years. The majority of participants had their own smartphone (83.6%). The average duration of connection among participants was 5.3 hours per day. The prevalence of IA was 14,5%. Results showed that 46,8% feel their internet use significantly hinders their family relationships. Twenty participants (13,2%) reported that they connected to the internet while they were in classroom. The prevalence of IA was higher among boys than girls (p= 0.018). There was, also, a significant relation between IA and having academic difficulties (p=0.037). Conclusions The prevalence of IA is elevated in Tunisia. Many negative consequences are identified. Urgent measures should be taken to counter the problem.

Introduction Poorer metacognitive abilities are recognized as strong predictors of social functioning deficits in individuals with schizophrenia. Objectives The aim of the current study is to examine metacognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia and to explore correlations between metacognition, symptoms and general functioning. Methods It was a cross-sectional study involving outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia and followed in the psychiatry “C” department at Hedi Chaker university Hospital, in Sfax -Tunisia, between may and december 2018. Sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic data were measured using self-reported questionnaires, and metacognition was assessed with the Metacognition Assessment Scale – Abbreviated version (MAS-A). The general functioning was measured with The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Results A total of 74 participants participated in the study. The average age was 34.1 ± 11.8 years and the sex-ratio was 1.6. The average score of global assessment of functioning was 49.39±10. Means and standard deviations on MAS scores were as follows: self-reflectivity 4.18 (1.46), understanding of others’ minds 3.20 (1.06), decentration 2.5 (1.8), mastery 2.54 (1.85), and the MAS total scores 12.42 (6.17). The results indicate that poor social functioning is associated with metacognitive difficulties (r=0.27, p

Introduction Schizophrenia, with its high prevalence, chronic progression and social impact, is a major challenge for health professionals. For this reason it is important to assess the impact of this disease on these patients, mainly on their quality of life. Objectives To study the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and determine the factors correlated with it. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 28 patients with schizophrenia followed up at the psychiatric consultation in Hédi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax. Data collection was performed using a sheet exploring socio-demographic and clinical data. We used the Quality of Life Scale (Q-LES-Q-SF). Results The average age of our patients was 40.61±6.27 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was1.15. The socioeconomic level was low in 71.4%. The average number of relapses was 3.04±1.4. Follow-up and compliance were good in 28.6% of cases. The average number of hospitalizations was 3.04±1.4. The average of quality of life in patients with schizophrenia was 21±5.74. The quality of life was affected with age (p=0.023), with the high number of relapses and with a higher number of hospitalizations in psychiatric hospital (p=0.008). Quality of life was improved with regular follow-up and good adherence to the treatment (p=0.000). Conclusions The quality of life in mental disorders was impaired mainly in schizophrenics, hence the need to evaluate in a codified way the quality of life of our patients in order to raise awareness among general practitioners as well as psychiatrists to improve the therapeutic and social care of patients.