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Yanan Gao,1,* Qiong Lyu,2,* Peng Luo,2,* Mujiao Li,3 Rui Zhou,3 Jian Zhang,2 Qingwen Lyu4 1Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Information, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qingwen Lyu; Jian Zhang Email gzbeer@smu.edu.cn; blacktiger@139.comPurpose: Lung cancer, mainly lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer, has the highest incidence and cancer-related mortality worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of various lung cancer subtypes, but not all patients benefit from this treatment regimen; thus, it is worth identifying lung cancer patients who are resistant or sensitive to platinum-based therapy.Methods: The drug response and sequencing data of 170 lung cancer cell lines were downloaded from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, and support vector machines (SVMs) and beam search were used to select an optimal gene panel that can predict the sensitivity of cell lines to cisplatin. Then, we used available cell line data to explore the potential mechanisms.Results: In this work, the drug response and sequencing data of 170 lung cancer cell lines were downloaded from the GDSC database, and SVMs and beam search were used to screen a panel of genes related to lung cancer cell line resistance to cisplatin. A final panel of nine genes (PLXNC1, KIAA0649, SPTBN4, SLC14A2, F13A1, COL5A1, SCN2A, PLEC, and ALMS1) was identified, and achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.873 ± 0.004. The natural logarithm of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (lnIC50) values of the mutant-type (panel-MT) group was significantly higher than that of the wild-type (panel-WT) group, regardless of the lung cancer subtype. The differentially expressed pathways between the two groups may explain this difference.Conclusion: In this study, we found that a panel of nine genes can accurately predict sensitivity to cisplatin, which may provide individualized treatment recommendations to improve the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.Keywords: lung cancer, machine learning, SVMs, biomarkers

Vanadium–titanium magnetite is a complex ore with iron, vanadium, titanium, and other valuable elements, and it is of great significance to recycle the valuable elements. HIsmelt smelting reduction of vanadium–titanium magnetite is a clean and effective ironmaking process. The effect of TiO2 content on the viscosity of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–TiO2–FeO slag system is studied by rotating cylinder method. The composition and microstructure of crystalline phase are analyzed by XRD and SEM–EDS, and compared with the thermodynamic calculation results of FactSage8.1. The results show that the viscosity of molten slag decreased with the increase of TiO2 content, and TiO2 content has a great impact on the viscosity, when the TiO2 content in the slag is less than 20 pct and the temperature is less than 1395 °C. With the increase of TiO2 content, the diffraction peak of perovskite is enhanced, the gehlenite and akermanite are gradually reduced, the shape of perovskite changes from irregular polygon to needle dendrite, and the number also increases gradually. When the TiO2 content reaches 20 pct, the perovskite reaches saturation state. With the increase of TiO2 content, the main precipitates change from perovskite, gehlenite, and akermanite to perovskite, anorthite, and titania spinel. Titanium existed in the slag as perovskite first, and then as baikovite and titanium spinel. Therefore, for high-titanium slag, the TiO2 content has little effect on the fluidity of HIsmelt process slag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current multi-field optimization methods with the proton spot-scanning technique can achieve superior dosimetry compared to single-field plans but may fail to deliver ultra-high dose rates for FLASH normal tissue sparing due to long gantry switching times during delivery. To eliminate the gantry switching time for regions where a FLASH effect is desired, we propose the spatially separated beam orientation optimization (SSBOO) to penalize dose overlap between beams. A voxel-repetition term, consisting of a sigmoid function, is added to our existing BOO framework to binarize the dose contribution in each voxel from each beam. The number of beams delivering dose to OAR voxels is constrained to be under one. Using the average dose rate definition, we investigate what the biological effectiveness of FLASH radiotherapy would have to be for one beam or two beams using the voxel-repetition term (2BM-VR) to surpass the dosimetry of 2-4 beams without the term (nBM-NVR). A bilateral head-and-neck, pancreas, and prostate case were tested. 2BM-VR increased the percentage of critical OAR volumes receiving greater than 40 Gy/s by 92.3% in the head-and-neck case, 60.3% in the prostate case, and 55.1% in the pancreas case compared to 2BM-NVR. For 1BM and 2BM-VR to outperform the OAR doses of [2BM-NVR, 3BM-NVR, 4BM-NVR], the FLASH dose rate would have to produce a [27.2%, 34.0%, 27.8%] and [28.7%, 29.4%, 22.5%] reduction in dose for the head-and-neck case, [11.1%, 25.2%, 16.3%] and [49.5%, 47.5%, 60.6%] reduction for the pancreas case, and [35.1%, 45.3%, 45.6%] and [37.8%, 50.3%, 44.7%] reduction for the prostate case. The 2BM-VR SSBOO plans are able to achieve normal tissue sparing effects similar to those of single field plans for head-and-neck and prostate cases, if the biological effectiveness of FLASH radiotherapy is ∼25-40%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In the inaugural switching operation between Pipelines Q1 and Q2, which were originally used for heated and normaltemperature transmission of crude oil respectively in China, the approach of “transformation while operation” was employed, posing challenges such as complex process flows, demanding engineering implementation, and engagement of numerous offload and injection users. [Methods] To ensure a rational transformation and switching mode with minimal impact on normal production and operation, a comprehensive study was conducted on the hydraulic and thermal systems of these transmission pipelines. This study aimed to evaluate various factors influencing preheating and temperature dropping during commissioning, as well as the pros and cons of different switching modes. Simulation accuracy was checked for the preheating process after transforming Pipeline Q2, originally designed for normaltemperature transmission, into a heated transmission system. These simulation results were then verified with actual engineering data to ensure alignment with the practical requirements. Additionally, valuable field experience was gained from the transformation of Pipeline Q1, originally intended for heated transmission, into a normal-temperature transmission system. Based on these study findings, reasonable suggestions and recommendations were presented for key nodes in switching operations. [Results] The selection of the preheating method should be based on site-specific conditions when transforming in-service normal-temperature oil transmission pipelines into heated transmission systems. For instance, Pipeline Q2 should be treated by heating Russian oil to be transmitted in advance combined with preheating the pipeline with high-temperature Russian oil, aligning the commissioning process with the transmission requirements of Daqing oil.Likewise,appropriate measures should be taken to gradually reduce the temperature of oil products between stations during the transition from the heated to normal-temperature mode.This can be achieved through the quantitative transmission of oil products with a gradually decreasing temperature by batch.To facilitate this,heating stations along the route can be utilized to ensure a gradual temperature drop of the oil products between stations. [Conclusion] The study findings offer valuable insights for commissioning under switching operations of inservice crude oil pipelines.

Topological photonic crystals have great potential in the application of on-chip integrated optical communication devices. Here, we successfully construct the on-chip transmissible topological edge states using one-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) photonic crystals with defect cavities on silicon-on-insulator slab. Different coupling strengths between the lateral modes and diagonal modes in photonic crystal defect cavities are used to construct the SSH model. Furthermore, two photonic SSH-cavity configurations, called α and β configurations, are designed to demonstrate the topological edge states. Leveraging the capabilities of photonic crystal transverse electric modes with on-chip transmission, we introduced a waveguide to excite a boundary defect cavity and found that the transmission peak of light, corresponding to the topological edge state, can be received in another boundary defect cavity, which is caused by the tunnel effect. Moreover, the position of this peak experiences a blue shift as the defect cavity size increases. Therefore, by tuning the size of the SSH defect cavity, on-chip wavelength division multiplexing function can be achieved, which is demonstrated in experiments. The ultrafast response time of one operation can be less than 20 fs. This work harmonizes the simplicity of one-dimensional SSH model with the transmissibility of two-dimensional photonic crystals, realizing transmissible on-chip zero-dimensional topological edge states. Since transmission peaks are highly sensitive to defect cavity size, this configuration can also serve as a wavelength sensor and a reconfigurable optical device, which is of substantial practical value to on-chip applications of topological photonics.

Abstract Wheat aging plays an important role in assessing storage wheat quality and its subsequent processing purposes. The conventional detection methods for wheat aging are mainly involved in chemical techniques, which are time-consuming as well as waste part of wheat samples for each detection. Although some physical detection methods have obtained gratifying results, it is extremely hard to expand their application fields but to stay in the theory stage. For this reason, a novel nondestructive detection model for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence (DL) has been proposed in this paper. Specifically, after collecting enough sample data, we first took advantage of certain hyperbolic function to fit DL signal, and then used four parameters of the hyperbolic function to feature the decay trend of the DL signal. Secondly, in order to better feature the DL signal, we extracted other six features together with above four features to form the input feature vector. Finally, as the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network lacked error-correcting performance, the Bi-LSTM network based on Walsh coding (Walsh-Bi-LSTM) mechanism was proposed to establish the detection model, which made the detection model have the error-correcting performance by reasonably splitting the multi-classification target task. Shown by experimental results, the newly proposed wheat aging detection model is able to achieve 94.00% accuracy in the testing dataset, which can be used as a green and nondestructive method to timely reflect wheat aging states.

Aircraft maintenance order specifies all preventive maintenance tasks involved in aircraft basic level maintenance. During the beginning of aircraft service,the maintenance tasks are intended to be conservative. With the accumulation of aircraft use and maintenance experience,the demand for optimization of maintenance task interval is becoming more and more obvious. Taking the service data as the analysis object and the system reliability as the measurement standard,the optimization analysis method of preventive maintenance task interval is constructed and a realizable mathematical model is formed in this paper. Taking a maintenance task as an example,its service data are analyzed and suggestions on maintenance interval optimization are given. The example has proved the feasibility of the mathematical method and model which can be used as a reference for military aircraft maintenance task interval optimization analysis.

Non-Hermitian photonics and topological photonics, as new research fields in optics, have attracted much attention in recent years, accompanying by a great deal of new physical concepts and novel effects emerging. The two fields are gradually crossed during the development process and the non-Hermitian topological photonics was born. Non-Hermitian topological photonics not only constantly produces various novel physical effects, but also shows great potential in optical device applications. It becomes an important part of the modern physics and optics, penetrating into different research fields. On one hand, photonics system can introduce artificially-constructed gain and loss to study non-Hermitian physics. Photonics platform is an important methods and ways to verify novel physical phenomena and promote the development of non-Hermitian physics. On the other hand, the non-Hermitian topological photonics provides a new dimension for manipulating topological states. Active and dissipate materials are common in photonic systems; therefore, by using light pump and dissipation of photonic systems, it is expected to promote further development of topological photonics in device applications. In this review article, we focus on the recent advances and applications on non-Hermitian topological photonics, including the non-Hermitian topological phase transition and skin effect, as well as the applications emerging prosperously in reconfigurable, nonlinear and quantum optical systems. The possible future research directions of non-Hermitian topological photonics are also discussed at the end. Non-Hermitian topological photonics can have great potential in technological revolution and have the capacity of leading the development of both physics and technology industry.

Objective To investigate the value of T1 value before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI in evaluating the pathological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the plain scan and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI images of 75 HCC patients (75 lesions in total) who were admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2019 to June 2020. According to Edmondson-Steiner grading, lesions were divided into low-grade group (grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and high-grade group (grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ). The T1 mapping technique was used to measure pre-enhanced T1 value (T1pre) and hepatobiliary-specific T1 value (T1-HBP), and the reduction in T1 value (△T1) and the reduction rate of T1 value (△T1%) were calculated. T1pre, T1-HBP, △T1, and △T1% were compared between the lesions with different pathological grades, and the correlation between each quantitative index and pathological grade was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to analyze the efficiency of each statistically significant index. Results There were significant differences in T1pre, T1-HBP, and △T1% between the low-grade group and the high-grade group (t=-3.725-2.551,P0.05). Correlation analysis showed that T1pre and T1-HBP were positively correlated with the pathological grade of HCC (r=0.293,0.472,P

The quality and safety of children’s textiles, especially chemical safety, is very important. The harm to children caused by using unsafe products is immeasurable. At present, the chemical safety research of textiles usually focuses on the specific target substances specified in the regulations. The detection methods are mainly to detect the content of target substances in the sample to determine whether it meets the regulatory requirements. In fact, although the known chemicals in the product meet the regulatory requirements, other unknown chemicals may exist potential hazards to children’s health. Therefore, it is necessary to screen potential chemicals in children’s textiles by non-targeted method in order to more comprehensively screen the chemical risks in product. Non-targeted analysis of potential chemical substances in imported children’s textiles using gas chromatography-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap MS) was established. Unknown substances were qualitatively assessed by using the comprehensive score and retention index, identifying the molecular formula by chemical ionization, comparing fragment ion data to distinguish isomers, and verifying according to chemical standards. A total of 48 substances were identified in 40 children’s textiles, including 21 esters, 8 ketones, 6 amines, 4 ethers, 3 alcohols, 3 phenols and 3 other substances. The identified substances were statistically and semi-quantitatively analyzed. Dibutyl phthalate, tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate, isopropyl palmitate and 1,2,4-butanetriol were identified in the imported children’s textiles, and their detection rates were greater than or equal to 10%. The identified substances were further filtered and screened according to detection rates, toxicities and response intensities. Then the high-risk chemicals in the children’s textiles were found. This method can provide a new way for screening potential chemicals in textiles and other products, and play a positive role in carrying out product chemical risk monitoring and promoting product quality and safety.

The quick， accurate and instantaneous evaluation of power limit of transmission section is of great significance to safe， stable and economic operation of power grid. The paper proposes an adaptive method based on a hybrid supervised learning algorithm. Through numerous simulations and analysis of historic operation modes， characteristic extraction， training， and regular updating of AI model， the correct matching relationship between grid operation status and power limit is established for fast， accurate and instantaneous power limit evaluation of the transmission section. The proposed method employs multiple supervised learning forecast algorithms， including deep neural networks， support vector regression， gradient boosting decision tree， and random forest. The hybrid models for power limit forecasting can make best of the advantages of the algorithms. The effectiveness of the method is verified on a 500-bus transmission model with real operation characteristics.

As the planning and dispatching of new types of power systems become increasingly complicated， dynamic and dubious， it is very challenging to lay down operating mode for power grid that satisfies both security and economic constraints. This process typically requires intensive manual tuning and simulation calculations to search for feasible solutions in a high-dimensional action space that fulfills the requirements on safety and economy of the grid in ground state and fault conditions. Therefore， an approach based on multi-DRL-agent architecture is proposed to describe the problem as a Markov decision process （MDP）. The approach automatically adjusts different types of controllable grid resources by training centralized and distributed multi-DRL-agent to control the power of transmission lines， thus complying with various safety indicators of grid operation. The method is proved to be effective in a power grid model.

In order to understand the sedimentary age and geotectonic environment characteristics of the Ruyang Group in geological history, this study, with the LA-ICP-MS method, focuses on the study of U-Pb isotope geochronology and geotectonic environment analysis of detrital zircons in the bottom of Xiaogoubei Formation of Ruyang Group in Daimeishan of Henan. Results show that the ages of detrital zircons of Xiaogoubei Formation range from 1720 Ma to 2727 Ma, the youngest detrital zircon age near the harmonic line is 1720 ±65 Ma, the main peak age is 2547 Ma, and the second peak ages include 2178 Ma and 1832 Ma. Therefore, we consider that the lower age limit of Xiaogoubei Formation is ~1720 Ma; the sediment sources of Xiaogoubei Formation mainly come from the geological bodies of the interior of the North China craton in the late Neoarchean, early Paleoproterozoic, middle Paleoproterozoic, late Paleoproterozoic and early Neoproterozoic. At the same time, the detrital zircon age of samples has a good response relationship with the Precambrian geological events in North China Craton, which reveals the then construction environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to determine the reasonable length of the mining face for high strength fully mechanized caving mining in low gas seams, taking 42108 fully mechanized caving face of Buertai Mine as the research object, the formula of checking the mining face length with ventilation capacity is deduced, and the gas movement laws under different mining face lengths are simulated by Fluent numerical software. The results show that the difference of coal cutting and coal caving recovery rate should be fully considered in the derivation of the formula for checking the length of mining face with ventilation capacity. There is a critical value between the length of the mining face and the amount of gas emission. When the length of the mining face exceeds the critical value, the gas emission will pose a great threat to the safety production of the mining face. Combined with theoretical calculation and numerical simulation results, the reasonable length of 42108 mining face is finally determined to be 310 m.

In order to study the roof stability of large-section open-off cut in lower slice of slicing mining, the 14 boreholes in the top coal of the 203 open-off cut in the lower slice of 1−2 coal seam in Huojitu Mine of Daliuta Mine is taken as the research background. The influence of the upper slice mining and the lower slice open-off cut driving on the plastic zone of the top coal of the open-off cut is analyzed by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field borehole peep technology. And the stability of the roof structure is evaluated by the rock mass integrity index. From the perspective of the top coal structure form, the top coal of the open-off cut is partially over-excavated or under-excavated due to the upper slicing mining. The maximum over-excavation of the open-off cut is 1.2 m, the maximum under-excavation is 0.8 m, and top-coal uneven rate is 27.7%. The result of theoretical analysis show that due to the influence of upper slice mining of the top coal of the open-off cut, the depth of plastic zone in the floor is 2.02 m. Due to the disturbance of the lower slice mining of the open-off cut, the depth of the plastic zone in the top coal is 1.50 m. Borehole peep results show that the plastic zone of the open-off cut top coal is divided into the theoretical plastic zone and the measured plastic zone according to the theoretical calculation and borehole peep respectively. Due to the influence of upper slice mining, the depth of the measured plastic zone in the floor is 1.06-2.04 m. Due to the disturbance of the lower slice mining of the open-off cut, the depth of the measured plastic zone in the top coal is 0.34-1.50 m. The measured plastic zone caused by the influence of upper slice mining on floor is 17.63% smaller than the theoretical plastic zone. The measured plastic zone of the top coal caused by the disturbance of lower slice mining of the open-off cut is 25.82% smaller than the theoretical plastic zone. The result of numerical simulation analysis shows that due to the influence of upper slice mining, the depth of plastic zone in the floor is 1-2 m. Due to the disturbance of the lower slice mining of the open-off cut, the depth of plastic zone in the top coal is 1 m. The results obtained by the above three methods are highly consistent. The stability evaluation results of the top coal in the open-off cut show that the top coal integrity index ranges from 42.9% to 87.9%. The top coal thickness is positively correlated with the integrity index and negatively correlated with the fracture development. The proportion of top coal integrity evaluation as good or above is more than 1/2, indicating that the overall structure of top coal is basically complete. The research results can provide reference for the design of top coal thickness retention standard and support scheme of large section open-off cut in lower slice of slicing mining under similar mining conditions.