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19. Kohlensäureübertragung durch Biotinenzyme

Author

Knappe, J., Lynen, F., Wieland, Th., Wallenfels, Kurt, Streffer, Christian, Bender, Myron L., Fasold, H., Gröschel-Stewart, U., Gundlach, G., Turba, F., Rabin, B. R., Mathias, A. P., Witzel, Herbert, Veeger, C., Hemmerich, Peter, Jaenicke, L., Kohlhaw, G., Holzer, H., Schröter, W., Knappe, J., Lynen, F., Clark, V. M., Prelog, V., Pfleiderer, G., and Sund, Horst

Published
1964
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22. Migration of 17 photoinitiators from printing inks and cardboard into packaged food – Results of a Belgian market survey

Author

Van den Houwe, K., Van Heyst, A., Evrard, C., Van Loco, J., Bolle, F., Lynen, F., Van Hoeck, E., Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Chemistry, and Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry

Subjects
Pharmacology. Therapy, dry food, tandem mass spectrometry, survey, ultra-performance liquid chromatography, Photoinitiators
Abstract

Photoinitiators are widely used to cure ink on packaging materials used in food applications such as carton boards and can contaminate the food by migrating into the food. In this contribution, a fast and reliable confirmation method for the determination of photoinitiators in dry foodstuffs is described: benzophenone (BP), 4,4'-bis(diethylamino) benzophenone (DEAB), 2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (CTX), 1-chloro-4-ropoxy-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (CPTX), 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone (DMPA), 4-(dimethylamino) benzophenone (DMBP), 2-ethylanthraquinone (EA), 2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDB), ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDMAB), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-HBP), 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (HCPK), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (HMBP), 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (HMMP), 2-isopropyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (ITX), 4-methylbenzophenone (MBP), 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino) benzophenone (MK) and 4-phenylbenzophenone (PBZ). Dry foodstuffs were extracted using acetonitrile, followed by the addition of inorganic salts to precipitate fatty residues. After filtration, the extract was analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Quantification was carried out using benzophenone-d10 (BP-d10) as internal standard. The presented method was successfully validated in-house. Afterwards, the procedure was applied in a marketing study, investigating 97 dry foodstuffs purchased on the Belgian market. In 89% of the samples, at least one photoinitiator was detected. The photoinitiators BP, EDMA and DMPA were most frequently found, while some photoinitiators (CPTX, DEAB, DMBP, HCPK, HMBP and MK) were never detected. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2016

29. The Use of Tenax® as a Simulant for the Migration of Contaminants in Dry Foodstuffs: A Review.

Author

Van Den Houwe, K., Van Loco, J., Lynen, F., and Van Hoeck, E.

Subjects
PACKAGING materials, FOOD packaging, PLASTICS, CHEMICAL kinetics, FOOD industry
Abstract

Packaging materials are found to represent a source of contamination through the migration of substances from the packaging into the foodstuff. As a response to an increasing number of food‐safety issues, research on the migration of chemicals from packaging materials into foodstuffs is being conducted. Moreover, packaging materials are tested for the migration of chemicals through migration experiments, using food simulants. EU Regulation N°10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food specifies the use of the adsorbent poly(2,6‐diphenylphenylene oxide) or Tenax® as a simulant for dry foodstuffs. Already in 2010, Tenax® migration profiles in the temperature range between −18 and 40°C were modelled for some compounds. Since then, numerous studies have been reported on the migration and migration kinetics of a series of contaminants such as alkylbenzenes, antioxidants, fatty acid esters, isothiazolinone biocides, photo‐initiators, mineral oil and phthalates in Tenax®. In some of these studies, the migration to Tenax® has been compared to real foodstuffs or alternative simulants. In this contribution, the performance of Tenax® as food simulant for dry foodstuffs will be discussed, thereby comparing its performance with real foodstuffs and other potential adsorbents that can be used as simulant such as Porapak. Tenax® or poly(2,6‐diphenylphenylene oxide) is the official simulant for dry food according to EU Regulation N°10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. In this contribution, the performance of Tenax® as food simulant for dry foodstuffs is discussed, thereby comparing its performance with real foodstuffs and other alternative adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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31. Schlußwort

Author

Wieland, Th., Wallenfels, Kurt, Streffer, Christian, Bender, Myron L., Fasold, H., Gröschel-Stewart, U., Gundlach, G., Turba, F., Rabin, B. R., Mathias, A. P., Witzel, Herbert, Veeger, C., Hemmerich, Peter, Jaenicke, L., Kohlhaw, G., Holzer, H., Schröter, W., Knappe, J., Lynen, F., Clark, V. M., Prelog, V., Pfleiderer, G., Sund, Horst, Wieland, Th., Wallenfels, Kurt, Streffer, Christian, Bender, Myron L., Fasold, H., Gröschel-Stewart, U., Gundlach, G., Turba, F., Rabin, B. R., Mathias, A. P., Witzel, Herbert, Veeger, C., Hemmerich, Peter, Jaenicke, L., Kohlhaw, G., Holzer, H., Schröter, W., Knappe, J., Lynen, F., Clark, V. M., Prelog, V., Pfleiderer, G., and Sund, Horst

Published
1964
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33. Buchbesprechungen

Author

Lynen, F., Kallert, E., Egger, F., Schuphan, W., Möhler, Kl., Vogt, E., Kielhöfer, E., Thaler, H., Liebmann, Souci, S. W., Kordatzki, W., Kiermeier, F., Cremer, H. D., Springer, R., Egger, F., and Brieskorn, C. H.

Published
1951
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35. Buchbesprechungen

Author

Kutzelnigg, W., Hoppe, R., Stoll, W., Horner, L., Dewar, M. J. S., Hofmann, U., Ruschig, H., Möllenstedt, G., Lynen, F., Rüsse, Imogen, Jaenicke, L., Autrum, H., Kreutz, W., Linskens, H. F., Reinert, J., Rüdiger, W., Claus, D., Thenius, E., Jacobs, J., Wickler, W., Keil, K., Müller, G., Lüst, R., Krol, G. L., Senghas, K., and Elsässer, H.

Published
1969
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40. Discussion of Part VI

Author

ANFINSEN, C.B., primary, LIPMANN, F., additional, LYNEN, F., additional, BLOCH, K., additional, HSU, R.Y., additional, LEVINTHAL, M., additional, WAGNER, R.P., additional, PRAMER, D., additional, BRODY, S., additional, SIEKEVITZ, P., additional, MATTOON, J.R., additional, and BHATTACHARJEE, J.K., additional

Published
1967
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42. Mechanismen Enzymatischer Reaktionen

Author

Wieland, Th., primary, Wallenfels, Kurt, additional, Streffer, Christian, additional, Bender, Myron L., additional, Fasold, H., additional, Gröschel-Stewart, U., additional, Gundlach, G., additional, Turba, F., additional, Rabin, B. R., additional, Mathias, A. P., additional, Witzel, Herbert, additional, Veeger, C., additional, Hemmerich, Peter, additional, Jaenicke, L., additional, Kohlhaw, G., additional, Holzer, H., additional, Schröter, W., additional, Knappe, J., additional, Lynen, F., additional, Clark, V. M., additional, Prelog, V., additional, Pfleiderer, G., additional, and Sund, Horst, additional

Published
1964
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47. Discussion of Part VII

Author

LYNEN, F., primary, RACKER, E., additional, SIEKEVITZ, P., additional, LARK, K.G., additional, LAMPEN, J.O., additional, GALSTON, A.W., additional, and PARK, R.B., additional

Published
1967
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