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3. Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial

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Staplin, N, Haynes, R, Judge, PK, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Emberson, J, Preiss, D, Mayne, KJ, Ng, SYA, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Petrini, M, Seidi, S, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, Almasarwah, R, Almeida, J, Aloisi, A, Al-Rabadi, L, Alscher, D, Alvarez, P, Al-Zeer, B, Amat, M, Ambrose, C, Ammar, H, An, Y, Andriaccio, L, Ansu, K, Apostolidi, A, Arai, N, Araki, H, Araki, S, Arbi, A, Arechiga, O, Armstrong, S, Arnold, T, Aronoff, S, Arriaga, W, Arroyo, J, Arteaga, D, Asahara, S, Asai, A, Asai, N, Asano, S, Asawa, M, Asmee, MF, Aucella, F, Augustin, M, Avery, A, Awad, A, Awang, IY, Awazawa, M, Axler, A, Ayub, W, Azhari, Z, Baccaro, R, Badin, C, Bagwell, B, Bahlmann-Kroll, E, Bahtar, AZ, Bains, D, Bajaj, H, Baker, R, Baldini, E, Banas, B, Banerjee, D, Banno, S, Bansal, S, Barberi, S, Barnes, S, Barnini, C, Barot, C, Barrett, K, Barrios, R, Bartolomei Mecatti, B, Barton, I, Barton, J, Basily, W, Bavanandan, S, Baxter, A, Becker, L, Beddhu, S, Beige, J, Beigh, S, Bell, S, Benck, U, Beneat, A, Bennett, A, Bennett, D, Benyon, S, Berdeprado, J, Bergler, T, Bergner, A, Berry, M, Bevilacqua, M, Bhairoo, J, Bhandari, S, Bhandary, N, Bhatt, A, Bhattarai, M, Bhavsar, M, Bian, W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, Chamberlain, A, Chambers, J, Chan, CBT, Chan, JYM, Chan, YC, Chang, E, Chant, T, Chavagnon, T, Chellamuthu, P, Chen, F, Chen, J, Chen, P, Chen, TM, Chen, Y, Cheng, C, Cheng, H, Cheng, MC, Ching, CH, Chitalia, N, Choksi, R, Chukwu, C, Chung, K, Cianciolo, G, Cipressa, L, Clark, S, Clarke, H, Clarke, R, Clarke, S, Cleveland, B, Cole, E, Coles, H, Condurache, L, Connor, A, Convery, K, Cooper, A, Cooper, N, Cooper, Z, Cooperman, L, Cosgrove, L, Coutts, P, Cowley, A, Craik, R, Cui, G, Cummins, T, Dahl, N, Dai, H, Dajani, L, D'Amelio, A, Damian, E, Damianik, K, Danel, L, Daniels, C, Daniels, T, Darbeau, S, Darius, H, Dasgupta, T, Davies, J, Davies, L, Davis, A, Davis, J, Davis, L, Dayanandan, R, Dayi, S, Dayrell, R, De Nicola, L, Debnath, S, Deeb, W, Degenhardt, S, DeGoursey, K, Delaney, M, DeRaad, R, Derebail, V, Dev, D, Devaux, M, Dhall, P, Dhillon, G, Dienes, J, Dobre, M, Doctolero, E, Dodds, V, Domingo, D, Donaldson, D, Donaldson, P, Donhauser, C, Donley, V, Dorestin, S, Dorey, S, Doulton, T, Draganova, D, Draxlbauer, K, Driver, F, Du, H, Dube, F, Duck, T, Dugal, T, Dugas, J, Dukka, H, Dumann, H, Durham, W, Dursch, M, Dykas, R, Easow, R, Eckrich, E, Eden, G, Edmerson, E, Edwards, H, Ee, LW, Eguchi, J, Ehrl, Y, Eichstadt, K, Eid, W, Eilerman, B, Ejima, Y, Eldon, H, Ellam, T, Elliott, L, Ellison, R, Epp, R, Er, A, Espino-Obrero, M, Estcourt, S, Estienne, L, Evans, G, Evans, J, Evans, S, Fabbri, G, Fajardo-Moser, M, Falcone, C, Fani, F, Faria-Shayler, P, Farnia, F, Farrugia, D, Fechter, M, Fellowes, D, Feng, F, Fernandez, J, Ferraro, P, Field, A, Fikry, S, Finch, J, Finn, H, Fioretto, P, Fish, R, Fleischer, A, Fleming-Brown, D, Fletcher, L, Flora, R, Foellinger, C, Foligno, N, Forest, S, Forghani, Z, Forsyth, K, Fottrell-Gould, D, Fox, P, Frankel, A, Fraser, D, Frazier, R, Frederick, K, Freking, N, French, H, Froment, A, Fuchs, B, Fuessl, L, Fujii, H, Fujimoto, A, Fujita, A, Fujita, K, Fujita, Y, Fukagawa, M, Fukao, Y, Fukasawa, A, Fuller, T, Funayama, T, Fung, E, Furukawa, M, Furukawa, Y, Furusho, M, Gabel, S, Gaidu, J, Gaiser, S, Gallo, K, Galloway, C, Gambaro, G, Gan, CC, Gangemi, C, Gao, M, Garcia, K, Garcia, M, Garofalo, C, Garrity, M, Garza, A, Gasko, S, Gavrila, M, Gebeyehu, B, Geddes, A, Gentile, G, George, A, George, J, Gesualdo, L, Ghalli, F, Ghanem, A, Ghate, T, Ghavampour, S, Ghazi, A, Gherman, A, Giebeln-Hudnell, U, Gill, B, Gillham, S, Girakossyan, I, Girndt, M, Giuffrida, A, Glenwright, M, Glider, T, Gloria, R, Glowski, D, Goh, BL, Goh, CB, Gohda, T, Goldenberg, R, Goldfaden, R, Goldsmith, C, Golson, B, Gonce, V, Gong, Q, Goodenough, B, Goodwin, N, Goonasekera, M, Gordon, A, Gordon, J, Gore, A, Goto, H, Gowen, D, Grace, A, Graham, J, Grandaliano, G, Gray, M, Greene, T, Greenwood, G, Grewal, B, Grifa, R, Griffin, D, Griffin, S, Grimmer, P, Grobovaite, E, Grotjahn, S, Guerini, A, Guest, C, Gunda, S, Guo, B, Guo, Q, Haack, S, Haase, M, Haaser, K, Habuki, K, Hadley, A, Hagan, S, Hagge, S, Haller, H, Ham, S, Hamal, S, Hamamoto, Y, Hamano, N, Hamm, M, Hanburry, A, Haneda, M, Hanf, C, Hanif, W, Hansen, J, Hanson, L, Hantel, S, Haraguchi, T, Harding, E, Harding, T, Hardy, C, Hartner, C, Harun, Z, Harvill, L, Hasan, A, Hase, H, Hasegawa, F, Hasegawa, T, Hashimoto, A, Hashimoto, C, Hashimoto, M, Hashimoto, S, Haskett, S, Hauske, SJ, Hawfield, A, Hayami, T, Hayashi, M, Hayashi, S, Hazara, A, Healy, C, Hecktman, J, Heine, G, Henderson, H, Henschel, R, Hepditch, A, Herfurth, K, Hernandez, G, Hernandez Pena, A, Hernandez-Cassis, C, Herzog, C, Hewins, S, Hewitt, D, Hichkad, L, Higashi, S, Higuchi, C, Hill, C, Hill, L, Himeno, T, Hing, A, Hirakawa, Y, Hirata, K, Hirota, Y, Hisatake, T, Hitchcock, S, Hodakowski, A, Hodge, W, Hogan, R, Hohenstatt, U, Hohenstein, B, Hooi, L, Hope, S, Hopley, M, Horikawa, S, Hosein, D, Hosooka, T, Hou, L, Hou, W, Howie, L, Howson, A, Hozak, M, Htet, Z, Hu, X, Hu, Y, Huang, J, Huda, N, Hudig, L, Hudson, A, Hugo, C, Hull, R, Hume, L, Hundei, W, Hunt, N, Hunter, A, Hurley, S, Hurst, A, Hutchinson, C, Hyo, T, Ibrahim, FH, Ibrahim, S, Ihana, N, Ikeda, T, Imai, A, Imamine, R, Inamori, A, Inazawa, H, Ingell, J, Inomata, K, Inukai, Y, Ioka, M, Irtiza-Ali, A, Isakova, T, Isari, W, Iselt, M, Ishiguro, A, Ishihara, K, Ishikawa, T, Ishimoto, T, Ishizuka, K, Ismail, R, Itano, S, Ito, H, Ito, K, Ito, M, Ito, Y, Iwagaitsu, S, Iwaita, Y, Iwakura, T, Iwamoto, M, Iwasa, M, Iwasaki, H, Iwasaki, S, Izumi, K, Izumi, T, Jaafar, SM, Jackson, C, Jackson, Y, Jafari, G, Jahangiriesmaili, M, Jain, N, Jansson, K, Jasim, H, Jeffers, L, Jenkins, A, Jesky, M, Jesus-Silva, J, Jeyarajah, D, Jiang, Y, Jiao, X, Jimenez, G, Jin, B, Jin, Q, Jochims, J, Johns, B, Johnson, C, Johnson, T, Jolly, S, Jones, L, Jones, S, Jones, T, Jones, V, Joseph, M, Joshi, S, Judge, P, Junejo, N, Junus, S, Kachele, M, Kadoya, H, Kaga, H, Kai, H, Kajio, H, Kaluza-Schilling, W, Kamaruzaman, L, Kamarzarian, A, Kamimura, Y, Kamiya, H, Kamundi, C, Kan, T, Kanaguchi, Y, Kanazawa, A, Kanda, E, Kanegae, S, Kaneko, K, Kang, HY, Kano, T, Karim, M, Karounos, D, Karsan, W, Kasagi, R, Kashihara, N, Katagiri, H, Katanosaka, A, Katayama, A, Katayama, M, Katiman, E, Kato, K, Kato, M, Kato, N, Kato, S, Kato, T, Kato, Y, Katsuda, Y, Katsuno, T, Kaufeld, J, Kavak, Y, Kawai, I, Kawai, M, Kawase, A, Kawashima, S, Kazory, A, Kearney, J, Keith, B, Kellett, J, Kelley, S, Kershaw, M, Ketteler, M, Khai, Q, Khairullah, Q, Khandwala, H, Khoo, KKL, Khwaja, A, Kidokoro, K, Kielstein, J, Kihara, M, Kimber, C, Kimura, S, Kinashi, H, Kingston, H, Kinomura, M, Kinsella-Perks, E, Kitagawa, M, Kitajima, M, Kitamura, S, Kiyosue, A, Kiyota, M, Klauser, F, Klausmann, G, Kmietschak, W, Knapp, K, Knight, C, Knoppe, A, Knott, C, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, R, Kobayashi, T, Koch, M, Kodama, S, Kodani, N, Kogure, E, Koizumi, M, Kojima, H, Kojo, T, Kolhe, N, Komaba, H, Komiya, T, Komori, H, Kon, SP, Kondo, M, Kong, W, Konishi, M, Kono, K, Koshino, M, Kosugi, T, Kothapalli, B, Kozlowski, T, Kraemer, B, Kraemer-Guth, A, Krappe, J, Kraus, D, Kriatselis, C, Krieger, C, Krish, P, Kruger, B, Ku Md Razi, KR, Kuan, Y, Kubota, S, Kuhn, S, Kumar, P, Kume, S, Kummer, I, Kumuji, R, Küpper, A, Kuramae, T, Kurian, L, Kuribayashi, C, Kurien, R, Kuroda, E, Kurose, T, Kutschat, A, Kuwabara, N, Kuwata, H, La Manna, G, Lacey, M, Lafferty, K, LaFleur, P, Lai, V, Laity, E, Lambert, A, Langlois, M, Latif, F, Latore, E, Laundy, E, Laurienti, D, Lawson, A, Lay, M, Leal, I, Lee, AK, Lee, J, Lee, KQ, Lee, R, Lee, SA, Lee, YY, Lee-Barkey, Y, Leonard, N, Leoncini, G, Leong, CM, Lerario, S, Leslie, A, Lewington, A, Li, N, Li, X, Li, Y, Liberti, L, Liberti, ME, Liew, A, Liew, YF, Lilavivat, U, Lim, SK, Lim, YS, Limon, E, Lin, H, Lioudaki, E, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, L, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Loader, D, Lochhead, H, Loh, CL, Lorimer, A, Loudermilk, L, Loutan, J, Low, CK, Low, CL, Low, YM, Lozon, Z, Lu, Y, Lucci, D, Ludwig, U, Luker, N, Lund, D, Lustig, R, Lyle, S, Macdonald, C, MacDougall, I, Machicado, R, MacLean, D, Macleod, P, Madera, A, Madore, F, Maeda, K, Maegawa, H, Maeno, S, Mafham, M, Magee, J, Mah, DY, Mahabadi, V, Maiguma, M, Makita, Y, Makos, G, Manco, L, Mangiacapra, R, Manley, J, Mann, P, Mano, S, Marcotte, G, Maris, J, Mark, P, Markau, S, Markovic, M, Marshall, C, Martin, M, Martinez, C, Martinez, S, Martins, G, Maruyama, K, Maruyama, S, Marx, K, Maselli, A, Masengu, A, Maskill, A, Masumoto, S, Masutani, K, Matsumoto, M, Matsunaga, T, Matsuoka, N, Matsushita, M, Matthews, M, Matthias, S, Matvienko, E, Maurer, M, Maxwell, P, Mazlan, N, Mazlan, SA, Mbuyisa, A, McCafferty, K, McCarroll, F, McCarthy, T, McClary-Wright, C, McCray, K, McDermott, P, McDonald, C, McDougall, R, McHaffie, E, McIntosh, K, McKinley, T, McLaughlin, S, McLean, N, McNeil, L, Measor, A, Meek, J, Mehta, A, Mehta, R, Melandri, M, Mené, P, Meng, T, Menne, J, Merritt, K, Merscher, S, Meshykhi, C, Messa, P, Messinger, L, Miftari, N, Miller, R, Miller, Y, Miller-Hodges, E, Minatoguchi, M, Miners, M, Minutolo, R, Mita, T, Miura, Y, Miyaji, M, Miyamoto, S, Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, Nimbkar, T, Nishi, H, Nishi, M, Nishi, S, Nishida, Y, Nishiyama, A, Niu, J, Niu, P, Nobili, G, Nohara, N, Nojima, I, Nolan, J, Nosseir, H, Nozawa, M, Nunn, M, Nunokawa, S, Oda, M, Oe, M, Oe, Y, Ogane, K, Ogawa, W, Ogihara, T, Oguchi, G, Ohsugi, M, Oishi, K, Okada, Y, Okajyo, J, Okamoto, S, Okamura, K, Olufuwa, O, Oluyombo, R, Omata, A, Omori, Y, Ong, LM, Ong, YC, Onyema, J, Oomatia, A, Oommen, A, Oremus, R, Orimo, Y, Ortalda, V, Osaki, Y, Osawa, Y, Osmond Foster, J, O'Sullivan, A, Otani, T, Othman, N, Otomo, S, O'Toole, J, Owen, L, Ozawa, T, Padiyar, A, Page, N, Pajak, S, Paliege, A, Pandey, A, Pandey, R, Pariani, H, Park, J, Parrigon, M, Passauer, J, Patecki, M, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patel, T, Patel, Z, Paul, R, Paulsen, L, Pavone, L, Peixoto, A, Peji, J, Peng, BC, Peng, K, Pennino, L, Pereira, E, Perez, E, Pergola, P, Pesce, F, Pessolano, G, Petchey, W, Petr, EJ, Pfab, T, Phelan, P, Phillips, R, Phillips, T, Phipps, M, Piccinni, G, Pickett, T, Pickworth, S, Piemontese, M, Pinto, D, Piper, J, Plummer-Morgan, J, Poehler, D, Polese, L, Poma, V, Postal, A, Pötz, C, Power, A, Pradhan, N, Pradhan, R, Preiss, E, Preston, K, Prib, N, Price, L, Provenzano, C, Pugay, C, Pulido, R, Putz, F, Qiao, Y, Quartagno, R, Quashie-Akponeware, M, Rabara, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R, Radhakrishnan, D, Radley, M, Raff, R, Raguwaran, S, Rahbari-Oskoui, F, Rahman, M, Rahmat, K, Ramadoss, S, Ramanaidu, S, Ramasamy, S, Ramli, R, Ramli, S, Ramsey, T, Rankin, A, Rashidi, A, Raymond, L, Razali, WAFA, Read, K, Reiner, H, Reisler, A, Reith, C, Renner, J, Rettenmaier, B, Richmond, L, Rijos, D, Rivera, R, Rivers, V, Robinson, H, Rocco, M, Rodriguez-Bachiller, I, Rodriquez, R, Roesch, C, Roesch, J, Rogers, J, Rohnstock, M, Rolfsmeier, S, Roman, M, Romo, A, Rosati, A, Rosenberg, S, Ross, T, Roura, M, Roussel, M, Rovner, S, Roy, S, Rucker, S, Rump, L, Ruocco, M, Ruse, S, Russo, F, Russo, M, Ryder, M, Sabarai, A, Saccà, C, Sachson, R, Sadler, E, Safiee, NS, Sahani, M, Saillant, A, Saini, J, Saito, C, Saito, S, Sakaguchi, K, Sakai, M, Salim, H, Salviani, C, Sampson, A, Samson, F, Sandercock, P, Sanguila, S, Santorelli, G, Santoro, D, Sarabu, N, Saram, T, Sardell, R, Sasajima, H, Sasaki, T, Satko, S, Sato, A, Sato, D, Sato, H, Sato, J, Sato, T, Sato, Y, Satoh, M, Sawada, K, Schanz, M, Scheidemantel, F, Schemmelmann, M, Schettler, E, Schettler, V, Schlieper, GR, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, G, Schmidt, U, Schmidt-Gurtler, H, Schmude, M, Schneider, A, Schneider, I, Schneider-Danwitz, C, Schomig, M, Schramm, T, Schreiber, A, Schricker, S, Schroppel, B, Schulte-Kemna, L, Schulz, E, Schumacher, B, Schuster, A, Schwab, A, Scolari, F, Scott, A, Seeger, W, Segal, M, Seifert, L, Seifert, M, Sekiya, M, Sellars, R, Seman, MR, Shah, S, Shainberg, L, Shanmuganathan, M, Shao, F, Sharma, K, Sharpe, C, Sheikh-Ali, M, Sheldon, J, Shenton, C, Shepherd, A, Shepperd, M, Sheridan, R, Sheriff, Z, Shibata, Y, Shigehara, T, Shikata, K, Shimamura, K, Shimano, H, Shimizu, Y, Shimoda, H, Shin, K, Shivashankar, G, Shojima, N, Silva, R, Sim, CSB, Simmons, K, Sinha, S, Sitter, T, Sivanandam, S, Skipper, M, Sloan, K, Sloan, L, Smith, R, Smyth, J, Sobande, T, Sobata, M, Somalanka, S, Song, X, Sonntag, F, Sood, B, Sor, SY, Soufer, J, Sparks, H, Spatoliatore, G, Spinola, T, Squyres, S, Srivastava, A, Stanfield, J, Staylor, K, Steele, A, Steen, O, Steffl, D, Stegbauer, J, Stellbrink, C, Stellbrink, E, Stevenson, A, Stewart-Ray, V, Stickley, J, Stoffler, D, Stratmann, B, Streitenberger, S, Strutz, F, Stubbs, J, Stumpf, J, Suazo, N, Suchinda, P, Suckling, R, Sudin, A, Sugamori, K, Sugawara, H, Sugawara, K, Sugimoto, D, Sugiyama, H, Sugiyama, T, Sullivan, M, Sumi, M, Suresh, N, Sutton, D, Suzuki, H, Suzuki, R, Suzuki, Y, Swanson, E, Swift, P, Syed, S, Szerlip, H, Taal, M, Taddeo, M, Tailor, C, Tajima, K, Takagi, M, Takahashi, K, Takahashi, M, Takahashi, T, Takahira, E, Takai, T, Takaoka, M, Takeoka, J, Takesada, A, Takezawa, M, Talbot, M, Taliercio, J, Talsania, T, Tamori, Y, Tamura, R, Tamura, Y, Tan, CHH, Tan, EZZ, Tanabe, A, Tanabe, K, Tanaka, A, Tanaka, N, Tang, S, Tang, Z, Tanigaki, K, Tarlac, M, Tatsuzawa, A, Tay, JF, Tay, LL, Taylor, J, Taylor, K, Te, A, Tenbusch, L, Teng, KS, Terakawa, A, Terry, J, Tham, ZD, Tholl, S, Thomas, G, Thong, KM, Tietjen, D, Timadjer, A, Tindall, H, Tipper, S, Tobin, K, Toda, N, Tokuyama, A, Tolibas, M, Tomita, A, Tomita, T, Tomlinson, J, Tonks, L, Topf, J, Topping, S, Torp, A, Torres, A, Totaro, F, Toth, P, Toyonaga, Y, Tripodi, F, Trivedi, K, Tropman, E, Tschope, D, Tse, J, Tsuji, K, Tsunekawa, S, Tsunoda, R, Tucky, B, Tufail, S, Tuffaha, A, Turan, E, Turner, H, Turner, J, Turner, M, Tye, YL, Tyler, A, Tyler, J, Uchi, H, Uchida, H, Uchida, T, Udagawa, T, Ueda, S, Ueda, Y, Ueki, K, Ugni, S, Ugwu, E, Umeno, R, Unekawa, C, Uozumi, K, Urquia, K, Valleteau, A, Valletta, C, van Erp, R, Vanhoy, C, Varad, V, Varma, R, Varughese, A, Vasquez, P, Vasseur, A, Veelken, R, Velagapudi, C, Verdel, K, Vettoretti, S, Vezzoli, G, Vielhauer, V, Viera, R, Vilar, E, Villaruel, S, Vinall, L, Vinathan, 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2024
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4. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial

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Judge, PK, Staplin, N, Mayne, KJ, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Hauske, SJ, Emberson, JR, Preiss, D, Ng, SYA, Roddick, AJ, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Massey, D, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Haynes, R, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, Almasarwah, R, Almeida, J, Aloisi, A, Al-Rabadi, L, Alscher, D, Alvarez, P, Al-Zeer, B, Amat, M, Ambrose, C, Ammar, H, An, Y, Andriaccio, L, Ansu, K, Apostolidi, A, Arai, N, Araki, H, Araki, S, Arbi, A, Arechiga, O, Armstrong, S, Arnold, T, Aronoff, S, Arriaga, W, Arroyo, J, Arteaga, D, Asahara, S, Asai, A, Asai, N, Asano, S, Asawa, M, Asmee, MF, Aucella, F, Augustin, M, Avery, A, Awad, A, Awang, IY, Awazawa, M, Axler, A, Ayub, W, Azhari, Z, Baccaro, R, Badin, C, Bagwell, B, Bahlmann-Kroll, E, Bahtar, AZ, Bains, D, Bajaj, H, Baker, R, Baldini, E, Banas, B, Banerjee, D, Banno, S, Bansal, S, Barberi, S, Barnes, S, Barnini, C, Barot, C, Barrett, K, Barrios, R, Bartolomei Mecatti, B, Barton, I, Barton, J, Basily, W, Bavanandan, S, Baxter, A, Becker, L, Beddhu, S, Beige, J, Beigh, S, Bell, S, Benck, U, Beneat, A, Bennett, A, Bennett, D, Benyon, S, Berdeprado, J, Bergler, T, Bergner, A, Berry, M, Bevilacqua, M, Bhairoo, J, Bhandari, S, Bhandary, N, Bhatt, A, Bhattarai, M, Bhavsar, M, Bian, W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, 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Hamamoto, Y, Hamano, N, Hamm, M, Hanburry, A, Haneda, M, Hanf, C, Hanif, W, Hansen, J, Hanson, L, Hantel, S, Haraguchi, T, Harding, E, Harding, T, Hardy, C, Hartner, C, Harun, Z, Harvill, L, Hasan, A, Hase, H, Hasegawa, F, Hasegawa, T, Hashimoto, A, Hashimoto, C, Hashimoto, M, Hashimoto, S, Haskett, S, Hawfield, A, Hayami, T, Hayashi, M, Hayashi, S, Hazara, A, Healy, C, Hecktman, J, Heine, G, Henderson, H, Henschel, R, Hepditch, A, Herfurth, K, Hernandez, G, Hernandez Pena, A, Hernandez-Cassis, C, Herzog, C, Hewins, S, Hewitt, D, Hichkad, L, Higashi, S, Higuchi, C, Hill, C, Hill, L, Himeno, T, Hing, A, Hirakawa, Y, Hirata, K, Hirota, Y, Hisatake, T, Hitchcock, S, Hodakowski, A, Hodge, W, Hogan, R, Hohenstatt, U, Hohenstein, B, Hooi, L, Hope, S, Hopley, M, Horikawa, S, Hosein, D, Hosooka, T, Hou, L, Hou, W, Howie, L, Howson, A, Hozak, M, Htet, Z, Hu, X, Hu, Y, Huang, J, Huda, N, Hudig, L, Hudson, A, Hugo, C, Hull, R, Hume, L, Hundei, W, Hunt, N, Hunter, A, Hurley, S, Hurst, A, 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Kano, T, Karim, M, Karounos, D, Karsan, W, Kasagi, R, Kashihara, N, Katagiri, H, Katanosaka, A, Katayama, A, Katayama, M, Katiman, E, Kato, K, Kato, M, Kato, N, Kato, S, Kato, T, Kato, Y, Katsuda, Y, Katsuno, T, Kaufeld, J, Kavak, Y, Kawai, I, Kawai, M, Kawase, A, Kawashima, S, Kazory, A, Kearney, J, Keith, B, Kellett, J, Kelley, S, Kershaw, M, Ketteler, M, Khai, Q, Khairullah, Q, Khandwala, H, Khoo, KKL, Khwaja, A, Kidokoro, K, Kielstein, J, Kihara, M, Kimber, C, Kimura, S, Kinashi, H, Kingston, H, Kinomura, M, Kinsella-Perks, E, Kitagawa, M, Kitajima, M, Kitamura, S, Kiyosue, A, Kiyota, M, Klauser, F, Klausmann, G, Kmietschak, W, Knapp, K, Knight, C, Knoppe, A, Knott, C, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, R, Kobayashi, T, Koch, M, Kodama, S, Kodani, N, Kogure, E, Koizumi, M, Kojima, H, Kojo, T, Kolhe, N, Komaba, H, Komiya, T, Komori, H, Kon, SP, Kondo, M, Kong, W, Konishi, M, Kono, K, Koshino, M, Kosugi, T, Kothapalli, B, Kozlowski, T, Kraemer, B, Kraemer-Guth, A, Krappe, J, Kraus, D, Kriatselis, C, Krieger, C, Krish, P, Kruger, B, Ku Md Razi, KR, Kuan, Y, Kubota, S, Kuhn, S, Kumar, P, Kume, S, Kummer, I, Kumuji, R, Küpper, A, Kuramae, T, Kurian, L, Kuribayashi, C, Kurien, R, Kuroda, E, Kurose, T, Kutschat, A, Kuwabara, N, Kuwata, H, La Manna, G, Lacey, M, Lafferty, K, LaFleur, P, Lai, V, Laity, E, Lambert, A, Langlois, M, Latif, F, Latore, E, Laundy, E, Laurienti, D, Lawson, A, Lay, M, Leal, I, Lee, AK, Lee, J, Lee, KQ, Lee, R, Lee, SA, Lee, YY, Lee-Barkey, Y, Leonard, N, Leoncini, G, Leong, CM, Lerario, S, Leslie, A, Lewington, A, Li, N, Li, X, Li, Y, Liberti, L, Liberti, ME, Liew, A, Liew, YF, Lilavivat, U, Lim, SK, Lim, YS, Limon, E, Lin, H, Lioudaki, E, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, L, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Loader, D, Lochhead, H, Loh, CL, Lorimer, A, Loudermilk, L, Loutan, J, Low, CK, Low, CL, Low, YM, Lozon, Z, Lu, Y, Lucci, D, Ludwig, U, Luker, N, Lund, D, Lustig, R, Lyle, S, Macdonald, C, MacDougall, I, Machicado, R, MacLean, D, Macleod, P, Madera, A, Madore, F, 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Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, Nimbkar, T, Nishi, H, Nishi, M, Nishi, S, Nishida, Y, Nishiyama, A, Niu, J, Niu, P, Nobili, G, Nohara, N, Nojima, I, Nolan, J, Nosseir, H, Nozawa, M, Nunn, M, Nunokawa, S, Oda, M, Oe, M, Oe, Y, Ogane, K, Ogawa, W, Ogihara, T, Oguchi, G, Ohsugi, M, Oishi, K, Okada, Y, Okajyo, J, Okamoto, S, Okamura, K, Olufuwa, O, Oluyombo, R, Omata, A, Omori, Y, Ong, LM, Ong, YC, Onyema, J, Oomatia, A, Oommen, A, Oremus, R, Orimo, Y, Ortalda, V, Osaki, Y, Osawa, Y, Osmond Foster, J, O'Sullivan, A, Otani, T, Othman, N, Otomo, S, O'Toole, J, Owen, L, Ozawa, T, Padiyar, A, Page, N, Pajak, S, Paliege, A, Pandey, A, Pandey, R, Pariani, H, Park, J, Parrigon, M, Passauer, J, Patecki, M, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patel, T, Patel, Z, Paul, R, Paulsen, L, Pavone, L, Peixoto, A, Peji, J, Peng, BC, Peng, K, Pennino, L, Pereira, E, Perez, E, Pergola, P, Pesce, F, Pessolano, G, Petchey, W, Petr, EJ, Pfab, T, Phelan, P, Phillips, R, Phillips, T, Phipps, M, Piccinni, G, Pickett, T, Pickworth, S, Piemontese, M, Pinto, D, Piper, J, Plummer-Morgan, J, Poehler, D, Polese, L, Poma, V, Postal, A, Pötz, C, Power, A, Pradhan, N, Pradhan, R, Preiss, E, Preston, K, Prib, N, Price, L, Provenzano, C, Pugay, C, Pulido, R, Putz, F, Qiao, Y, Quartagno, R, Quashie-Akponeware, M, Rabara, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R, Radhakrishnan, D, Radley, M, Raff, R, Raguwaran, S, Rahbari-Oskoui, F, Rahman, M, Rahmat, K, Ramadoss, S, Ramanaidu, S, Ramasamy, S, Ramli, R, Ramli, S, Ramsey, T, Rankin, A, Rashidi, A, Raymond, L, Razali, WAFA, Read, K, Reiner, H, Reisler, A, Reith, C, Renner, J, Rettenmaier, B, Richmond, L, Rijos, D, Rivera, R, Rivers, V, Robinson, H, Rocco, M, Rodriguez-Bachiller, I, Rodriquez, R, Roesch, C, Roesch, J, Rogers, J, Rohnstock, M, Rolfsmeier, S, Roman, M, Romo, A, Rosati, A, Rosenberg, S, Ross, T, Roura, M, Roussel, M, Rovner, S, Roy, S, Rucker, S, Rump, L, Ruocco, M, Ruse, S, Russo, F, Russo, M, Ryder, M, Sabarai, A, Saccà, C, Sachson, R, Sadler, E, Safiee, NS, Sahani, M, Saillant, A, Saini, J, Saito, C, Saito, S, Sakaguchi, K, Sakai, M, Salim, H, Salviani, C, Sampson, A, Samson, F, Sandercock, P, Sanguila, S, Santorelli, G, Santoro, D, Sarabu, N, Saram, T, Sardell, R, Sasajima, H, Sasaki, T, Satko, S, Sato, A, Sato, D, Sato, H, Sato, J, Sato, T, Sato, Y, Satoh, M, Sawada, K, Schanz, M, Scheidemantel, F, Schemmelmann, M, Schettler, E, Schettler, V, Schlieper, GR, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, G, Schmidt, U, Schmidt-Gurtler, H, Schmude, M, Schneider, A, Schneider, I, Schneider-Danwitz, C, Schomig, M, Schramm, T, Schreiber, A, Schricker, S, Schroppel, B, Schulte-Kemna, L, Schulz, E, Schumacher, B, Schuster, A, Schwab, A, Scolari, F, Scott, A, Seeger, W, Segal, M, Seifert, L, Seifert, M, Sekiya, M, Sellars, R, Seman, MR, Shah, S, Shainberg, L, Shanmuganathan, M, Shao, F, Sharma, K, Sharpe, C, Sheikh-Ali, M, Sheldon, J, Shenton, C, Shepherd, A, Shepperd, M, Sheridan, R, Sheriff, Z, Shibata, Y, Shigehara, T, Shikata, K, Shimamura, K, Shimano, H, Shimizu, Y, Shimoda, H, Shin, K, Shivashankar, G, Shojima, N, Silva, R, Sim, CSB, Simmons, K, Sinha, S, Sitter, T, Sivanandam, S, Skipper, M, Sloan, K, Sloan, L, Smith, R, Smyth, J, Sobande, T, Sobata, M, Somalanka, S, Song, X, Sonntag, F, Sood, B, Sor, SY, Soufer, J, Sparks, H, Spatoliatore, G, Spinola, T, Squyres, S, Srivastava, A, Stanfield, J, Staylor, K, Steele, A, Steen, O, Steffl, D, Stegbauer, J, Stellbrink, C, Stellbrink, E, Stevenson, A, Stewart-Ray, V, Stickley, J, Stoffler, D, Stratmann, B, Streitenberger, S, Strutz, F, Stubbs, J, Stumpf, J, Suazo, N, Suchinda, P, Suckling, R, Sudin, A, Sugamori, K, Sugawara, H, Sugawara, K, Sugimoto, D, Sugiyama, H, Sugiyama, T, Sullivan, M, Sumi, M, Suresh, N, Sutton, D, Suzuki, H, Suzuki, R, Suzuki, Y, Swanson, E, Swift, P, Syed, S, Szerlip, H, Taal, M, Taddeo, M, Tailor, C, Tajima, K, Takagi, M, Takahashi, K, Takahashi, M, Takahashi, T, Takahira, E, Takai, T, Takaoka, M, Takeoka, J, Takesada, A, Takezawa, M, Talbot, M, Taliercio, J, Talsania, T, Tamori, Y, Tamura, R, Tamura, Y, Tan, CHH, Tan, EZZ, Tanabe, A, Tanabe, K, Tanaka, A, Tanaka, N, Tang, S, Tang, Z, Tanigaki, K, Tarlac, M, Tatsuzawa, A, Tay, JF, Tay, LL, Taylor, J, Taylor, K, Te, A, Tenbusch, L, Teng, KS, Terakawa, A, Terry, J, Tham, ZD, Tholl, S, Thomas, G, Thong, KM, Tietjen, D, Timadjer, A, Tindall, H, Tipper, S, Tobin, K, Toda, N, Tokuyama, A, Tolibas, M, Tomita, A, Tomita, T, Tomlinson, J, Tonks, L, Topf, J, Topping, S, Torp, A, Torres, A, Totaro, F, Toth, P, Toyonaga, Y, Tripodi, F, Trivedi, K, Tropman, E, Tschope, D, Tse, J, Tsuji, K, Tsunekawa, S, Tsunoda, R, Tucky, B, Tufail, S, Tuffaha, A, Turan, E, Turner, H, Turner, J, Turner, M, Tye, YL, Tyler, A, Tyler, J, Uchi, H, Uchida, H, Uchida, T, Udagawa, T, Ueda, S, Ueda, Y, Ueki, K, Ugni, S, Ugwu, E, Umeno, R, Unekawa, C, Uozumi, K, Urquia, K, Valleteau, A, Valletta, C, van Erp, R, Vanhoy, C, Varad, V, Varma, R, Varughese, A, Vasquez, P, Vasseur, A, Veelken, R, Velagapudi, C, Verdel, K, Vettoretti, S, Vezzoli, G, Vielhauer, V, Viera, R, Vilar, E, Villaruel, S, Vinall, L, Vinathan, J, Visnjic, M, Voigt, E, von-Eynatten, M, Vourvou, M, Wada, J, Wada, T, Wada, Y, Wakayama, K, Wakita, Y, Walters, T, Wan Mohamad, WH, Wang, L, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wanninayake, S, Watada, H, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, M, Waterfall, H, Watkins, D, Watson, S, Weaving, L, Weber, B, Webley, Y, Webster, A, Webster, M, Weetman, M, Wei, W, Weihprecht, H, Weiland, L, Weinmann-Menke, J, Weinreich, T, Wendt, R, Weng, Y, Whalen, M, Whalley, G, Wheatley, R, Wheeler, A, Wheeler, J, Whelton, P, White, K, Whitmore, B, Whittaker, S, Wiebel, J, Wiley, J, Wilkinson, L, Willett, M, Williams, A, Williams, E, Williams, K, Williams, T, Wilson, A, Wilson, P, Wincott, L, Wines, E, Winkelmann, B, Winkler, M, Winter-Goodwin, B, Witczak, J, Wittes, J, Wittmann, M, Wolf, G, Wolf, L, Wolfling, R, Wong, C, Wong, E, Wong, HS, Wong, LW, Wong, YH, Wonnacott, A, Wood, A, Wood, L, Woodhouse, H, Wooding, N, Woodman, A, Wren, K, Wu, J, Wu, P, Xia, S, Xiao, H, Xiao, X, Xie, Y, Xu, C, Xu, Y, Xue, H, Yahaya, H, Yalamanchili, H, Yamada, A, Yamada, N, Yamagata, K, Yamaguchi, M, Yamaji, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yamamoto, S, Yamamoto, T, Yamanaka, A, Yamano, T, Yamanouchi, Y, Yamasaki, N, Yamasaki, Y, Yamashita, C, Yamauchi, T, Yan, Q, Yanagisawa, E, Yang, F, Yang, L, Yano, S, Yao, S, Yao, Y, Yarlagadda, S, Yasuda, Y, Yiu, V, Yokoyama, T, Yoshida, S, Yoshidome, E, Yoshikawa, H, Young, A, Young, T, Yousif, V, Yu, H, Yu, Y, Yuasa, K, Yusof, N, Zalunardo, N, Zander, B, Zani, R, Zappulo, F, Zayed, M, Zemann, B, Zettergren, P, Zhang, H, Zhang, L, Zhang, N, Zhang, X, Zhao, J, Zhao, L, Zhao, S, Zhao, Z, Zhong, H, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhu, L, Zhu, S, Zietz, M, Zippo, M, Zirino, F, and Zulkipli, FH

Published
2024
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5. The effect of sustained eye rotation upon eye length in healthy myopic adults

Author

Saleh A Alkhaldi and Lyle S Gray

Subjects
central eye length, eye rotation, eye shape, iolmaster, myopia, peripheral eye length, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine whether ocular movement can affect the shape of the globe and lead to measurable change in axial and peripheral eye length. METHODS: Ten subjects aged 18–30 years (6 M/4 F) participated with informed consent. The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was ≤−1.00 DS with cylindrical refraction

Published
2023
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6. Long-term safety and efficacy of tezepelumab in people with severe, uncontrolled asthma (DESTINATION): a randomised, placebo-controlled extension study

Author

Hetzel, Jorge Lima, Fiterman, Jussara, Souza Machado, Adelmir, Antila, Martti Anton, Lima, Marina Andrade, Minamoto, Suzana Erico Tanni, Blanco, Daniela Cavalet, Bezerra, Patricia Gomes de Matos, Houle, Pierre-Alain, Lemiere, Catherine, Melenka, Lyle S, Leigh, Richard, Mitchell, Patrick, Anees, Syed, Pek, Bonavuth, Chouinard, Guy, Cheema, Amarjit S, Yang, William Ho-Ching, Philteos, George, Chanez, Pascal, Bourdin, Arnaud, Devouassoux, Gilles, Taille, Camille, De Blay, Frédéric, Leroyer, Christophe, Beurnier, Antoine, Garcia, Gilles, Girodet, Pierre-Olivier, Blanc, François-Xavier, Magnan, Antoine, Wanin, Stéphanie, Just, Jocelyne, Linde, Richard, Zielen, Stefan, Förster, Karin, Geßner, Christian, Jandl, Margret, Buhl, Roland Otto, Korn, Stephanie, Kornmann, Marc Oliver, Linnhoff, Anneliese, Ludwig-Sengpiel, Andrea, Ehlers, Martin, Schmoller, Tibor, Steffen, Heiner, Hoffmann, Martin, Kirschner, Joachim, Schmidt, Olaf, Welte, Tobias, Temme, Hilke, Wand, Ori, Bar-Shai, Amir, Izbicki, Gabriel, Berkman, Neville, Fink, Gershon, Shitrit, David, Adir, Yochai, Kuna, Piotr, Rewerska, Barbara, Pisarczyk-Bogacka, Ewa, Kurbacheva, Oksana, Mikhailov, Sergey L, Vasilev, Maksim, Emelyanov, Alexander, Wali, Siraj, Albanna, Amr, van Zyl-Smit, Richard, Abdullah, Ismail, Bernhardi, David, Hoosen, Farzana, Irusen, Elvis, Kalla, Ismail, Lakha, Deepak, Mitha, Essack, Naidoo, Visvakuren, Nell, Haylene, Padayachee, Trevenesan, Reddy, Jeevren, Petrick, Friedrich, van der Walt, Eugene, Vawda, Zubar Fazal Ahmed, Park, Hae-Sim, Lee, Sang Haak, Kim, Mi-Kyeong, Park, Jung-Won, Cho, You Sook, Lee, Byung Jae, Chang, Yoon-Seok, Park, Choon-Sik, Lee, Kwan Ho, Lee, Sook Young, Yoon, HyoungKyu, Sohn, Kyoung Hee, Park, Myung Jae, Min, Kyung Hoon, Cho, Young Joo, Park, Han Ki, Lee, YongChul, Lee, Jaechun, Sheu, Chau-Chyun, Tu, Chih-Yen, Lee, Kang-Yun, Bavbek, Sevim, Gemicioglu, Bilun, Ediger, Dane, Kalkan, Ilkay Koca, Makieieva, Nataliia, Ostrovskyy, Mykola, Dytyatkovs'ka, Yevgeniya, Mostovoy, Yuriy Mykhaylovych, Lebed, Kyrylo, Yakovenko, Oleh, Adams, Atoya, Mooring, Timothy, Torres Jr, Louis, Sexton, Marvin, Thompson, Ernest, Bernstein, Jonathan A, Lisi, Paul, Chappel, Christopher M, Cole, Jeremy, Greenwald, Gary I, Jones, Conigliaro, Klein, Ryan Mitchell, Pham, David N, Spangenthal, Selwyn, Weinstein, Steven F, Windom, Hugh H, Kao, Neil L, Leong, Mila A, Mehta, Vinay, Moore, Wendy C, Bhat, Saligrama, Aish, Bassil, Meltzer, Steven M, Corren, Jonathan, Moss, Mark H, Kerwin, Edward M, Delgado, John Palsted, Lucksinger, Gregg Hudson, Thompson, Charles A, Chupp, Geoffrey, Alpizar, Sady A, Vadgama, Sanjay Virgi, Zafar, Zahid, Jacobs, Joshua S, Lugogo, NJira, Jain, Neal, Sher, Lawrence D, Andrawis, Nabil S, Fuentes, David, Boren, Eric Jason, Gonzalez, Erika G, Talreja, Neetu, Durrani, Sheharyar Sandy, Israel, Elliot, Sekhsaria, Sudhir, DeLeon, Samuel, Shukla, Mayank, Totszollosy Tarpay, Martha M, Fakih, Faisal, Hudes, Golda, Tillinghast, Jeffrey P, Korenblat, Phillip E, Shenoy, Kartik, Que, Loretta, Kureishy, Shahrukh Ahmad, Umeh, Fred Chukwuemeka, Nguyen, Vinh Nhu, Chu, Hanh Thi, Nguyen, Thuy Thi Dieu, Menzies-Gow, Andrew, Wechsler, Michael E, Brightling, Christopher E, Bednarczyk, Artur, Ponnarambil, Sandhia, Caveney, Scott, Almqvist, Gun, Gołąbek, Monika, Simonsson, Linda, Lawson, Kaitlyn, Bowen, Karin, and Colice, Gene

Published
2023
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7. 2024 UK and Ireland modified Delphi consensus on myopia management in children and young people.

Author

Dahlmann‐Noor, Annegret H., Ghorbani‐Mojarrad, Neema, Williams, Katie M., Ghoneim, Ahmed, Allen, Peter M., Beach, Michelle L., Bruce, Gillian, Buckhurst, Hetal D., Buckhurst, Phillip J., Cruickshank, Fiona E., Cufflin, Matthew P., Day, Mhairi D., Doyle, Lesley, Evans, Bruce J. W., Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Gray, Lyle S., Grewal, Indie, Guggenheim, Jeremy A., Hammond, Christopher J., and Higginbotham, Jason C.

Subjects
YOUNG adults, DELPHI method, EYE care, MYOPIA, VISUAL training
Abstract

Introduction: This work aimed to establish the largest UK and Ireland consensus on myopia management in children and young people (CYP). Methods: A modified Delphi consensus was conducted with a panel of 34 optometrists and ophthalmologists with expertise in myopia management. Results: Two rounds of voting took place and 131 statements were agreed, including that interventions should be discussed with parents/carers of all CYP who develop myopia before the age of 13 years, a recommendation for interventions to be publicly funded for those at risk of fast progression and high myopia, that intervention selection should take into account the CYP's hobbies and lifestyle and that additional training for eye care professionals should be available from non‐commercial sources. Topics for which published evidence is limited or lacking were areas of weaker or no consensus. Modern myopia management contact and spectacles are suitable first‐line treatments. The role and provision of low‐concentration atropine needs to be reviewed once marketing authorisations and funding decisions are in place. There is some evidence that a combination of low‐concentration atropine with an optical intervention can have an additive effect; further research is needed. Once an intervention is started, best practice is to monitor non‐cycloplegic axial length 6 monthly. Conclusion: Research is needed to identify those at risk of progression, the long‐term effectiveness of individual and combined interventions, and when to discontinue treatment when myopia has stabilised. As further evidence continues to emerge, this consensus work will be repeated to ensure it remains relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Author

Tapaszto, Beata, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Aclimandos, Wagih A., Jonas, Jost B., De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H. N., Nagy, Zoltan Zsolt, Kestelyn, Philippe G., Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Vidinova, Christina Nicolaeva, Guggenheim, Jeremy A., Polling, Jan Roelof, Wolffsohn, James S., Tideman, J. Willem L., Allen, Peter M., Baraas, Rigmor C., Saunders, Kathryn J., Mccullough, Sara J., Gray, Lyle S., Wahl, Siegfried, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, Resnikoff, Serge, Nemeth, Janos, Tapaszto, Beata, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Aclimandos, Wagih A., Jonas, Jost B., De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H. N., Nagy, Zoltan Zsolt, Kestelyn, Philippe G., Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Vidinova, Christina Nicolaeva, Guggenheim, Jeremy A., Polling, Jan Roelof, Wolffsohn, James S., Tideman, J. Willem L., Allen, Peter M., Baraas, Rigmor C., Saunders, Kathryn J., Mccullough, Sara J., Gray, Lyle S., Wahl, Siegfried, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, Resnikoff, Serge, and Nemeth, Janos

Abstract

Myopia is becoming increasingly common in young generations all over the world, and it is predicted to become the most common cause of blindness and visual impairment in later life in the near future. Because myopia can cause serious complications and vision loss, it is critical to create and prescribe effective myopia treatment solutions that can help prevent or delay the onset and progression of myopia. The scientific understanding of myopia's causes, genetic background, environmental conditions, and various management techniques, including therapies to prevent or postpone its development and slow its progression, is rapidly expanding. However, some significant information gaps exist on this subject, making it difficult to develop an effective intervention plan. As with the creation of this present algorithm, a compromise is to work on best practices and reach consensus among a wide number of specialists. The quick rise in information regarding myopia management may be difficult for the busy eye care provider, but it necessitates a continuing need to evaluate new research and implement it into daily practice. To assist eye care providers in developing these strategies, an algorithm has been proposed that covers all aspects of myopia mitigation and management. The algorithm aims to provide practical assistance in choosing and developing an effective myopia management strategy tailored to the individual child. It incorporates the latest research findings and covers a wide range of modalities, from primary, secondary, and tertiary myopia prevention to interventions that reduce the progression of myopia.

Published
2024

18. Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Author

Tapasztó, Beáta, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Aclimandos, Wagih A, Jonas, Jost B., De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H. N., Nagy, Zoltán Zsolt, Kestelyn, Philippe G., Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Vidinova, Christina Nicolaeva, Guggenheim, Jeremy A., Polling, Jan Roelof, Wolffsohn, James S., Tideman, J. Willem L., Allen, Peter M., Baraas, Rigmor C., Saunders, Kathryn J., McCullough, Sara J., Gray, Lyle S., Wahl, Siegfried, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, Resnikoff, Serge, Németh, János, Tapasztó, Beáta, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Aclimandos, Wagih A, Jonas, Jost B., De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H. N., Nagy, Zoltán Zsolt, Kestelyn, Philippe G., Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Vidinova, Christina Nicolaeva, Guggenheim, Jeremy A., Polling, Jan Roelof, Wolffsohn, James S., Tideman, J. Willem L., Allen, Peter M., Baraas, Rigmor C., Saunders, Kathryn J., McCullough, Sara J., Gray, Lyle S., Wahl, Siegfried, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, Resnikoff, Serge, and Németh, János

Abstract

Myopia is becoming increasingly common in young generations all over the world, and it is predicted to become the most common cause of blindness and visual impairment in later life in the near future. Because myopia can cause serious complications and vision loss, it is critical to create and prescribe effective myopia treatment solutions that can help prevent or delay the onset and progression of myopia. The scientific understanding of myopia's causes, genetic background, environmental conditions, and various management techniques, including therapies to prevent or postpone its development and slow its progression, is rapidly expanding. However, some significant information gaps exist on this subject, making it difficult to develop an effective intervention plan. As with the creation of this present algorithm, a compromise is to work on best practices and reach consensus among a wide number of specialists. The quick rise in information regarding myopia management may be difficult for the busy eye care provider, but it necessitates a continuing need to evaluate new research and implement it into daily practice. To assist eye care providers in developing these strategies, an algorithm has been proposed that covers all aspects of myopia mitigation and management. The algorithm aims to provide practical assistance in choosing and developing an effective myopia management strategy tailored to the individual child. It incorporates the latest research findings and covers a wide range of modalities, from primary, secondary, and tertiary myopia prevention to interventions that reduce the progression of myopia.

Published
2023

19. Long-term safety and efficacy of tezepelumab in people with severe, uncontrolled asthma (DESTINATION): a randomised, placebo-controlled extension study

Author

Menzies-Gow, Andrew, primary, Wechsler, Michael E, additional, Brightling, Christopher E, additional, Korn, Stephanie, additional, Corren, Jonathan, additional, Israel, Elliot, additional, Chupp, Geoffrey, additional, Bednarczyk, Artur, additional, Ponnarambil, Sandhia, additional, Caveney, Scott, additional, Almqvist, Gun, additional, Gołąbek, Monika, additional, Simonsson, Linda, additional, Lawson, Kaitlyn, additional, Bowen, Karin, additional, Colice, Gene, additional, Hetzel, Jorge Lima, additional, Fiterman, Jussara, additional, Souza Machado, Adelmir, additional, Antila, Martti Anton, additional, Lima, Marina Andrade, additional, Minamoto, Suzana Erico Tanni, additional, Blanco, Daniela Cavalet, additional, Bezerra, Patricia Gomes de Matos, additional, Houle, Pierre-Alain, additional, Lemiere, Catherine, additional, Melenka, Lyle S, additional, Leigh, Richard, additional, Mitchell, Patrick, additional, Anees, Syed, additional, Pek, Bonavuth, additional, Chouinard, Guy, additional, Cheema, Amarjit S, additional, Yang, William Ho-Ching, additional, Philteos, George, additional, Chanez, Pascal, additional, Bourdin, Arnaud, additional, Devouassoux, Gilles, additional, Taille, Camille, additional, De Blay, Frédéric, additional, Leroyer, Christophe, additional, Beurnier, Antoine, additional, Garcia, Gilles, additional, Girodet, Pierre-Olivier, additional, Blanc, François-Xavier, additional, Magnan, Antoine, additional, Wanin, Stéphanie, additional, Just, Jocelyne, additional, Linde, Richard, additional, Zielen, Stefan, additional, Förster, Karin, additional, Geßner, Christian, additional, Jandl, Margret, additional, Buhl, Roland Otto, additional, Kornmann, Marc Oliver, additional, Linnhoff, Anneliese, additional, Ludwig-Sengpiel, Andrea, additional, Ehlers, Martin, additional, Schmoller, Tibor, additional, Steffen, Heiner, additional, Hoffmann, Martin, additional, Kirschner, Joachim, additional, Schmidt, Olaf, additional, Welte, Tobias, additional, Temme, Hilke, additional, Wand, Ori, additional, Bar-Shai, Amir, additional, Izbicki, Gabriel, additional, Berkman, Neville, additional, Fink, Gershon, additional, Shitrit, David, additional, Adir, Yochai, additional, Kuna, Piotr, additional, Rewerska, Barbara, additional, Pisarczyk-Bogacka, Ewa, additional, Kurbacheva, Oksana, additional, Mikhailov, Sergey L, additional, Vasilev, Maksim, additional, Emelyanov, Alexander, additional, Wali, Siraj, additional, Albanna, Amr, additional, van Zyl-Smit, Richard, additional, Abdullah, Ismail, additional, Bernhardi, David, additional, Hoosen, Farzana, additional, Irusen, Elvis, additional, Kalla, Ismail, additional, Lakha, Deepak, additional, Mitha, Essack, additional, Naidoo, Visvakuren, additional, Nell, Haylene, additional, Padayachee, Trevenesan, additional, Reddy, Jeevren, additional, Petrick, Friedrich, additional, van der Walt, Eugene, additional, Vawda, Zubar Fazal Ahmed, additional, Park, Hae-Sim, additional, Lee, Sang Haak, additional, Kim, Mi-Kyeong, additional, Park, Jung-Won, additional, Cho, You Sook, additional, Lee, Byung Jae, additional, Chang, Yoon-Seok, additional, Park, Choon-Sik, additional, Lee, Kwan Ho, additional, Lee, Sook Young, additional, Yoon, HyoungKyu, additional, Sohn, Kyoung Hee, additional, Park, Myung Jae, additional, Min, Kyung Hoon, additional, Cho, Young Joo, additional, Park, Han Ki, additional, Lee, YongChul, additional, Lee, Jaechun, additional, Sheu, Chau-Chyun, additional, Tu, Chih-Yen, additional, Lee, Kang-Yun, additional, Bavbek, Sevim, additional, Gemicioglu, Bilun, additional, Ediger, Dane, additional, Kalkan, Ilkay Koca, additional, Makieieva, Nataliia, additional, Ostrovskyy, Mykola, additional, Dytyatkovs'ka, Yevgeniya, additional, Mostovoy, Yuriy Mykhaylovych, additional, Lebed, Kyrylo, additional, Yakovenko, Oleh, additional, Adams, Atoya, additional, Mooring, Timothy, additional, Torres Jr, Louis, additional, Sexton, Marvin, additional, Thompson, Ernest, additional, Bernstein, Jonathan A, additional, Lisi, Paul, additional, Chappel, Christopher M, additional, Cole, Jeremy, additional, Greenwald, Gary I, additional, Jones, Conigliaro, additional, Klein, Ryan Mitchell, additional, Pham, David N, additional, Spangenthal, Selwyn, additional, Weinstein, Steven F, additional, Windom, Hugh H, additional, Kao, Neil L, additional, Leong, Mila A, additional, Mehta, Vinay, additional, Moore, Wendy C, additional, Bhat, Saligrama, additional, Aish, Bassil, additional, Meltzer, Steven M, additional, Moss, Mark H, additional, Kerwin, Edward M, additional, Delgado, John Palsted, additional, Lucksinger, Gregg Hudson, additional, Thompson, Charles A, additional, Alpizar, Sady A, additional, Vadgama, Sanjay Virgi, additional, Zafar, Zahid, additional, Jacobs, Joshua S, additional, Lugogo, NJira, additional, Jain, Neal, additional, Sher, Lawrence D, additional, Andrawis, Nabil S, additional, Fuentes, David, additional, Boren, Eric Jason, additional, Gonzalez, Erika G, additional, Talreja, Neetu, additional, Durrani, Sheharyar Sandy, additional, Sekhsaria, Sudhir, additional, DeLeon, Samuel, additional, Shukla, Mayank, additional, Totszollosy Tarpay, Martha M, additional, Fakih, Faisal, additional, Hudes, Golda, additional, Tillinghast, Jeffrey P, additional, Korenblat, Phillip E, additional, Shenoy, Kartik, additional, Que, Loretta, additional, Kureishy, Shahrukh Ahmad, additional, Umeh, Fred Chukwuemeka, additional, Nguyen, Vinh Nhu, additional, Chu, Hanh Thi, additional, and Nguyen, Thuy Thi Dieu, additional

Published
2023
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22. Palliation Versus Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease in the Oldest Old: What are the Considerations?

Author

Lyle S Walton, Gregory D Shumer, Björg Thorsteinsdottir, Theodore Suh, and Keith M Swetz

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

As the US population continues to age, new cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in individuals, aged 85 years or older (the oldest old), are increasing. Many patients who begin hemodialysis despite questionable benefit may struggle with high symptom burden and rapid functional decline. This article reviews the history regarding the funding and development of the Medicare ESRD program, reviews current approaches to the oldest old with ESRD, and considers strategies to improve the management approach of this vulnerable population.

Published
2017
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25. The effect of sustained eye rotation upon eye length in healthy myopic adults.

Author

Alkhaldi, Saleh A. and Gray, Lyle S.

Subjects
EYE movements, ROTATIONAL motion, REFRACTIVE errors, LENGTH measurement, ADULTS
Abstract

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine whether ocular movement can affect the shape of the globe and lead to measurable change in axial and peripheral eye length. METHODS: Ten subjects aged 18-30 years (6 M/4 F) participated with informed consent. The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was =-1.00 DS with cylindrical refraction <-1.25 DC. One drop of tropicamide hydrochloride 1% was instilled 20 min before measurement to induce mydriasis and mild cycloplegia. Using IOLMaster, eye length was measured centrally and temporally (25° off-axis) in four different positions. Subjects then rotated their eyes 25° in the temporal direction to fixate on a target for 10 min. After that, the same measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Before rotation, the group mean peripheral eye length was significantly shorter than the central eye length (P < 0.05). There was no significant variation in central or peripheral eye length due to off-axis fixation, either after the initial eye rotation or after fixation for 10 min at the off-axis point. The difference between central and peripheral eye lengths was maintained after 10 min of temporal fixation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Peripheral eye length was shorter than central eye length showing the prolate shape associated with myopia. The action of the extraocular muscles on the globe has no significant effect upon the retinal shape assessed by off-axis eye length measurement in myopic subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. A Peculiar Case of the Abscopal Effect: Radioactive Iodine Therapy Incidentally Palliating Marginal Zone Lymphoma

Author

Robert C. Kornas, Sarah-Kim Shields, and Lyle S. Goldman

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

The abscopal effect is an extremely rare phenomenon occurring when irradiation or treatment of a primary tumor burden not only results in debulking of the targeted site but also reduces tumor size at distant sites from the intended treatment area. We present the abscopal effect occurring in a patient with low-grade marginal zone lymphoma who subsequently received radioactive iodine therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. She was 67 years old when a routine complete blood count at her primary care physician’s office yielded a persistent leukocytosis of 14,500/μL with lymphocytosis of 9,870/μL. Immunophenotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis confirmed low-grade marginal zone lymphoma. Over eight years, her peak leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were 24,100/μL and 18,100/μL, respectively. Subsequently, she was diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma after presenting with a new complaint of dysphagia. A total thyroidectomy was performed, followed by 172.1 millicuries of oral I-131 sodium iodine radioactive ablation therapy. Following treatment, her leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were 3,100/μL and 1,100/μL, respectively. Over the next four years, her leukocyte and lymphocyte counts remained within normal limits and she remained symptom free. To our knowledge, there has never been a published report describing the use of radioactive iodine causing abscopal effect benefits for patients with underlying lymphoproliferative diseases.

Published
2015
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35. Choroidal thickness measurements in different ethnicities using swept source optical coherence tomography: repeatability and assessment

Author

Sulaiman Aldakhil, Lyle S. Gray, and Saleh A AlKhaldi

Subjects
Adult, Materials science, Diabetic Retinopathy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Choroid, Repeatability, eye diseases, Retina, Ophthalmology, Young Adult, Optics, Optical coherence tomography, medicine, Humans, sense organs, business, Sclera, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Optometry
Abstract

Swept-source optical coherence tomography may not provide reliable measurements of choroidal thickness for pigmented subjects.The repeatability of choroidal thickness measurements in young healthy adults was investigated using swept source optical coherence tomography.Choroidal thickness was measured using swept source optical coherence tomography in 98 healthy subjects (49 South Asian and 49 Caucasian) aged between 19 and 28 years old. Repeated radial scan images centred on the fovea were obtained from the right eye with 5 min between measurements. Choroidal thickness values were obtained from the built-in automated segmentation algorithm for the 9 subfields defined by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study. Interclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman methods were used to assess test-retest repeatability.The mean ± standard deviation sub-foveal choroidal thickness was 316.53 ± 63.36 µm for the Caucasian group and 292.70 ± 60.13 µm for the South Asian group. Bland-Altman analysis showed smaller test-retest variability for choroidal thickness measurements in the Caucasian group (mean difference ± SD = -0.01 ± 6.59 µm) compared to the South Asian group (mean difference ± SD = -2.38 ± 12.20 µm). No relationship was found between the mean choroidal thickness and mean spherical equivalent of refractive error for both subject groups.Swept source optical coherence tomography is capable of obtaining choroidal thickness measurements with good repeatability. However, test-retest limits of agreement are substantially greater in South Asian subjects, suggesting that successful identification of the choroidal scleral interface may be affected by the amount of pigmentation present in the retinal and choroidal tissues.

Published
2021

39. Update and guidance on management of myopia : European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Author

Peter M. Allen, Rigmor C. Baraas, Ingrida Januleviciene, Annechien E. G. Haarman, Lyle S. Gray, J. Willem L. Tideman, Jost B. Jonas, Jeroen A. Mulder, Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Olavi Pärssinen, Beáta Tapasztó, Andrzej Grzybowski, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Siegfried Wahl, Wagih Aclimandos, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, János Németh, Jan Roelof Polling, Serge Resnikoff, Jan Tjeerd H N de Faber, James S. Wolffsohn, Hema Radhakrishnan, Irina Yurievna Smirnova, Kathryn J Saunders, Marino Formenti, and Philippe Kestelyn

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, atropine, Psychological intervention, Reviews, orthokeratology, likinäköisyys, preventive medicine, ehkäisevä lääketiede, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ophthalmology, näkövammat, Epidemiology, Myopia, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, myopia, Preventive healthcare, Blindness, business.industry, pathologic myopia, Pathological myopia, Orthokeratology, High myopia, Treatment options, General Medicine, medicine.disease, time spent outdoors, myopia reduction interventions, Myopia, Degenerative/epidemiology, eye diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Myopia, Degenerative, silmätaudit, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Disease Progression, sense organs, business, Orthokeratologic Procedures, blindness, sokeus
Abstract

The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

Published
2021
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42. Environmental and behavioural interventions for reducing physical activity limitation and preventing falls in older people with visual impairment

Author

Tianjing Li, Dawn A. Skelton, Lyle S. Gray, Tracey E. Howe, Katie Thomson, Uma Shahani, Jian-Yu E, and Lianne McInally

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Activities of daily living, Visual impairment, Psychological intervention, Motor Activity, Fear of falling, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bias, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life, law, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Middle Aged, Relative risk, Physical therapy, Accidental Falls, Female, Independent Living, medicine.symptom, business, Visually Impaired Persons, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Fall prevention
Abstract

Background Impairment of vision is associated with a decrease in activities of daily living. Avoidance of physical activity in older adults with visual impairment can lead to functional decline and is an important risk factor for falls. The rate of falls and fractures is higher in older people with visual impairment than in age-matched visually normal older people. Possible interventions to reduce activity restriction and prevent falls include environmental and behavioral interventions. Objectives We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of environmental and behavioral interventions in reducing physical activity limitation, preventing falls and improving quality of life amongst visually impaired older people. Search methods We searched CENTRAL (including the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (Issue 2, 2020), Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and eight other databases to 4 February 2020, with no language restrictions. Selection criteria Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized controlled trials (Q-RCTs) that compared environmental interventions, behavioral interventions or both, versus control (usual care or no intervention); or that compared different types of environmental or behavioral interventions. Eligible study populations were older people (aged 60 and over) with irreversible visual impairment, living in their own homes or in residential settings. To be eligible for inclusion, studies must have included a measure of physical activity or falls, the two primary outcomes of interest. Secondary outcomes included fear of falling, and quality of life. Data collection and analysis We used standard Cochrane methods. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. Main results We included six RCTs (686 participants) conducted in five countries (Australia, Hungary, New Zealand, UK, US) with follow-up periods ranging from two to 12 months. Participants in these trials included older adults (mean age 80 years) and were mostly female (69%), with visual impairments of varying severity and underlying causes. Participants mostly lived in their homes and were physically independent. We classified all trials as having high risk of bias for masking of participants, and three trials as having high or unclear risk of bias for all other domains. The included trials evaluated various intervention strategies (e.g. an exercise program versus home safety modifications). Heterogeneity of study characteristics, including interventions and outcomes, (e.g. different fall measures), precluded any meta-analysis. Two trials compared the home safety modification by occupational therapists versus social/home visits. One trial (28 participants) reported physical activity at six months and showed no evidence of a difference in mean estimates between groups (step counts: mean difference (MD) = 321, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1981 to 2623; average walking time (minutes): MD 1.70, 95% CI -24.03 to 27.43; telephone questionnaire for self-reported physical activity: MD -3.68 scores, 95% CI -20.6 to 13.24; low-certainty of evidence for each outcome). Two trials reported the proportion of participants who fell at six months (risk ratio (RR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.51; 28 participants) and 12 months (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.80, 196 participants) with low-certainty of evidence for each outcome. One trial (28 participants) reported fear of falling at six months, using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and found no evidence of a difference in mean estimates between groups (MD 2.55 scores, 95% CI -0.51 to 5.61; low-certainty of evidence). This trial also reported quality of life at six months using 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, and showed no evidence of a difference in mean estimates between groups (MD -3.14 scores, 95% CI -10.86 to 4.58; low-certainty of evidence). Five trials compared a behavioral intervention (exercise) versus usual activity or social/home visits. One trial (59 participants) assessed self-reported physical activity at six months and showed no evidence of a difference between groups (MD 9.10 scores, 95% CI -13.85 to 32.5; low-certainty of evidence). Three trials investigated different fall measures at six or 12 months, and found no evidence of a difference in effect estimates (RRs for proportion of fallers ranged from 0.54 (95% CI 0.29 to 1.01; 41 participants); to 0.93 (95% CI 0.61 to 1.39; 120 participants); low-certainty of evidence for each outcome). Three trials assessed the fear of falling using Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International or the Illinois Fear of Falling Measure from two to 12 months, and found no evidence of a difference in mean estimates between groups (the estimates ranged from -0.88 score (95% CI -2.72 to 0.96, 114 participants) to 1.00 score (95% CI -0.13 to 2.13; 59 participants); low-certainty of evidence). One trial (59 participants) assessed the European Quality of Life scale at six months (MD -0.15 score, 95% CI -0.29 to -0.01), and found no evidence of a clinical difference between groups (low-certainty of evidence). Authors' conclusions There is no evidence of effect for most of the environmental or behavioral interventions studied for reducing physical activity limitation and preventing falls in visually impaired older people. The certainty of evidence is generally low due to poor methodological quality and heterogeneous outcome measurements. Researchers should form a consensus to adopt standard ways of measuring physical activity and falls reliably in older people with visual impairments. Fall prevention trials should plan to use objectively measured or self-reported physical activity as outcome measures of reduced activity limitation. Future research should evaluate the acceptability and applicability of interventions, and use validated questionnaires to assess the adherence to rehabilitative strategies and performance during activities of daily living.

Published
2020
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43. Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Author

Németh, János, Tapasztó, Beáta, Aclimandos, Wagih A, Kestelyn, Philippe, Jonas, Jost B, De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H N, Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Nagy, Zoltán Zsolt, Pärssinen, Olavi, Guggenheim, Jeremy A, Allen, Peter M, Baraas, Rigmor C, Saunders, Kathryn J, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Gray, Lyle S, Polling, Jan Roelof, Haarman, Annechien EG, Tideman, J Willem L, Wolffsohn, James Stuart, Wahl, Siegfried, Mulder, Jeroen A, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, Resnikoff, Serge, Németh, János, Tapasztó, Beáta, Aclimandos, Wagih A, Kestelyn, Philippe, Jonas, Jost B, De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H N, Januleviciene, Ingrida, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Nagy, Zoltán Zsolt, Pärssinen, Olavi, Guggenheim, Jeremy A, Allen, Peter M, Baraas, Rigmor C, Saunders, Kathryn J, Flitcroft, Daniel Ian, Gray, Lyle S, Polling, Jan Roelof, Haarman, Annechien EG, Tideman, J Willem L, Wolffsohn, James Stuart, Wahl, Siegfried, Mulder, Jeroen A, Smirnova, Irina Yurievna, Formenti, Marino, Radhakrishnan, Hema, and Resnikoff, Serge

Abstract

The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

Published
2021

44. The Public Face of Rhinoplasty

Author

Adam Perry, David T. Hsu, Armen K. Kasabian, P. Niclas Broer, Stephen M. Lu, Lyle S. Leipziger, Charles H. Thorne, Scott P. Bartlett, and Neil Tanna

Subjects
Attractiveness, Facial expression, genetic structures, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, 030230 surgery, Femininity, Rhinoplasty, Likert scale, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, medicine, Trait, Personality, Surgery, sense organs, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, business, media_common, Clinical psychology
Abstract

BACKGROUND The authors assess the impact of rhinoplasty on public perception of a patient's appearance and personality. METHODS A survey was created using standardized before-and-after photographs of 10 Caucasian women who had undergone primary rhinoplasty. Photographs of two additional women who had not undergone facial surgery were randomly included as controls, for a total of 12 survey items. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were placed side by side. The survey was administered by means of crowd-sourcing. Respondents were asked to evaluate which photograph better represented 11 traits of appearance or personality, according to a seven-point Likert scale. A score of 1 meant the preoperative photograph was much better, 7 meant the postoperative photograph was much better, and 4 meant no difference. T tests and analyses of variance were used to evaluate rating changes for each trait and differences between demographic groups. RESULTS There were 264 responses received. Averaged scores across the 10 survey patients produced a value for each appearance or personality trait. In 10 of 11 categories (i.e., symmetry, youthfulness, facial harmony, likeability, trustworthiness, confidence, femininity, attractiveness, approachability, and intelligence), the postoperative photograph was significantly favorable compared with the preoperative photograph (p < 0.00001). The preoperative photograph was rated higher only in aggressiveness (p < 0.001). The same scores were calculated for the controls; no significant difference in any category was seen except confidence, where the right image was viewed as more confident (mean, 4.19; p < 0.005). CONCLUSION Aesthetic rhinoplasty improves the public perception of a person's appearance and personality in multiple aspects.

Published
2018
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46. The Effect of Contact Lens Correction and Accommodation upon Monochromatic Higher Order Aberrations in Myopia and Hyperopia

Author

Lyle S. Gray, Lucy Macfadden, and Dirk Seidel

Subjects
Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Purpose: To measure the effects of contact lens correction and accommodation upon SA in myopia and hyperopia. Methods: Eleven myopes (Average MSE −3.22±2.21D; mean age 20.7±1.1 years) and eleven hyperopes (Average MSE 4.20±2.20; mean age 20.1±1.5) participated. Subjects were corrected with daily disposable contact lenses and pupil dilation was induced with 2.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride. SA was measured at accommodation stimulus levels of 0D and 4D, using the Zywave Aberrometer while subjects viewed a high contrast letter target array in a +5D Badal system, aligned perpendicularly to the measurement axis of the instrument via a semi-silvered mirror. Results: For 0D of accommodation, the hyperopic group had significantly ( p < 0.01) greater positive SA. Contact lens correction produced a positive shift in SA in the hyperopic group ( p < 0.01), whereas there was a negative shift in SA in the myopic group ( p < 0.01). Negative shifts in SA were found with accommodation in both myopic ( p < 0.01) and hyperopic ( p < 0.01) groups, with the shift being greater in the hyperopic group ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: The net effect of contact lens correction and accommodation result in SA for near visual tasks, which is predominantly negative in myopia and positive in hyperopia.

Published
2011
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