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In this paper a generalised Rayleigh–Liénard oscillator is consider and lower bounds for the number of limit cycles bifurcating from weak focus equilibria and saddle connections are provided. By assuming some open conditions on the parameters of the considered system the existence of up to twelve limit cycles is provided. More precisely, the approach consists in perform suitable changes in the sign of some specific parameters and apply Poincaré–Bendixson theorem for assure the existence of limit cycles. In particular, the algorithm for obtaining the limit cycles through the referred approach is explicitly exhibited. The main techniques applied in this study are the Lyapunov constants and the Melnikov method. The obtained results contemplate the simultaneity of limit cycles of small amplitude and medium amplitude, the former emerging from a weak focus equilibrium and the latter from homoclinic or heteroclinic saddle connections.

In 1991, Chicone and Jacobs showed the equivalence between the computation of the first-order Taylor developments of the Lyapunov constants and the developments of the first Melnikov function near a non-degenerate monodromic equilibrium point, in the study of limit cycles of small-amplitude bifurcating from a quadratic centre. We show that their proof is also valid for polynomial vector fields of any degree. This equivalence is used to provide a new lower bound for the local cyclicity of degree six polynomial vector fields, so $\mathcal {M}(6) \geq 44$. Moreover, we extend this equivalence to the piecewise polynomial class. Finally, we prove that $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(4) \geq 43$ and $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(5) \geq 65.$

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:30:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-02-25 Catalan AGAUR Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades -Agencia estatal de investigacion European Community Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) In this paper, we are interested in how the local cyclicity of a family of centers depends on the parameters. This fact was pointed out in [21], to prove that there exists a family of cubic centers, labeled by C D-31(12) in [25], with more local cyclicity than expected. In this family, there is a special center such that at least twelve limit cycles of small amplitude bifurcate from the origin when we perturb it in the cubic polynomial general class. The original proof has some crucial missing points in the arguments that we correct here. We take advantage of a better understanding of the bifurcation phenomenon in nongeneric cases to show two new cubic systems exhibiting 11 limit cycles and another exhibiting 12. Finally, using the same techniques, we study the local cyclicity of holomorphic quartic centers, proving that 21 limit cycles of small amplitude bifurcate from the origin, when we perturb in the class of quartic polynomial vector fields. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Univ Lleida, Dept Matemat, Avda Jaume II 69, Lleida 6925001, Catalonia, Spain Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Matemat, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Matemat, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Ctr Recerca Matemat, Campus Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Matemat, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Catalan AGAUR: 2017SGR1617 Catalan AGAUR: 2017SGR127 Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades -Agencia estatal de investigacion: MTM2017-84383-P Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades -Agencia estatal de investigacion: PID2019-104658GB-I00 European Community: H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-777911 CNPq: 200484/2015-0 FAPESP: 2020/04717-0

Agraïments: The first author is supported by the NSF of China (No. 11201086, No.11401255) and the Excellent Young Teachers Training Program for colleges and universities of Guang-dong Province, China (No. Yq2013107). Christopher in 2006 proved that under some assumptions the linear parts of the Lyapunov constants with respect to the parameters give the cyclicity of an elementary center. This paper is devote to establish a new approach, namely parallelization, to compute the linear parts of the Lyapunov constants. More concretely, it is showed that parallelization computes these linear parts in a shorter quantity of time than other traditional mechanisms. To show the power of this approach, we study the cyclicity of the holomorphic center =iz z^2 z^3 z^n under general polynomial perturbations of degree n, for n 13. We also exhibit that, from the point of view of computation, among the Hamiltonian, time-reversible, and Darboux centers, the holomorphic center is the best candidate to obtain high cyclicity examples of any degree. For n=4,5, 13, we prove that the cyclicity of the holomorphic center is at least n^2 n-2. This result give the highest lower bound for M(6), M(7), M(13) among the existing results, where M(n) is the maximum number of limit cycles bifurcating from an elementary monodromic singularity of polynomial systems of degree n. As a direct corollary we also obtain the highest lower bound for the Hilbert numbers H(6) 40, H(8) 70, and H(10) 108, because until now the best result was H(6) 39, H(8) 67, and H(10) 100.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:27:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-15 Catalan AGAUR Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades - Agencia estatal de investigacion European Community Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) We are interested in small-amplitude isolated periodic orbits, so-called limit cycles, surrounding only one equilibrium point, that we locate at the origin. We develop a parallelization technique to study higher order developments, with respect to the parameters, of the return map near the origin. This technique is useful to study lower bounds for the local cyclicity of centers. We denote by M(n) the maximum number of limit cycles bifurcating from the origin via a degenerate Hopf bifurcation for a polynomial vector field of degree n. We get lower bounds for the local cyclicity of some known cubic centers and we prove that M(4) >= 20, M(5) >= 33, M(7) >= 61, M(8) >= 76, and M(9) >= 88. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Matemat, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Matemat, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Matemat, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Catalan AGAUR: 2017SGR1617 Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades - Agencia estatal de investigacion: MTM201677278-P European Community: H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-777911 CNPq: 200484/2015-0 FAPESP: 2020/04717-0

We classify the centers of the polynomial differential systems in R2 of degree d ≥ 5 odd that in complex notation writes as z˙ = iz + (zz¯)d−5/2 (Az5 + Bz4z¯ + Cz3z¯2 + Dz2z¯3 + Ezz¯4 + Fz¯5), where A, B, C, D, E, F ∈ C and either A = Re(D) = 0, or A = Im(D) = 0, or Re(A) = D = 0, or Im(A) = D = 0. The first author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2011-22877 and an AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant number 2014SGR 1204. The second author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2008-03437, an AGAUR grant number 2014SGR 568, ICREA Academia, two FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES numbers 316338 and 318999, and FEDER-UNAB10-4E-378. The third author is supported by Portuguese National Funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within the project PTDC/MAT/117106/2010 and by CAMGSD.

In this work we study the local cyclicity of some polynomial vector fields in R 3 . In particular, we give a quadratic system with 11 limit cycles, a cubic system with 31 limit cycles, a quartic system with 54 limit cycles, and a quintic system with 92 limit cycles. All limit cycles are small amplitude limit cycles and bifurcate from a Hopf type equilibrium. We introduce how to find Lyapunov constants in R 3 for considering the usual degenerate Hopf bifurcation with a parallelization approach, which enables to prove our results for 4th and 5th degrees.

We classify the centers of polynomial differential systems in $R^2$ of odd degree $d \ge 5$, in complex notation, as $\dot{z} = iz + (z \bar z)^(d-5)/2(A z^5 + B z^4 \bar z + C z^3 \bar z^2 + D z^2 \bar z^3 + E z \bar z^4 + F \bar z^5)$, where $A,B,C,D,E, F \in mathbb{C}$ and either $A = Re(D) = 0$, $A = Im(D) = 0$, $Re(A) = D = 0$ or $Im(A) = D = 0$. We thank to Professor Colin Christopher for his help in the proof of statement (g) of Theorem 3. The first author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2014-53703-P and an AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant number 2014SGR 1204. The second author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2008-03437, an AGAUR grant number 2009SGR 410, ICREA Academia, two FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES numbers 316338 and 318999, and FEDERUNAB10-4E-378. The third author is partially supported by FCT/Portugal through the project UID/MAT/04459/2013.

To characterize when a nilpotent singular point of an analytic differential system is a center is of particular interest, first for the problem of distinguishing between a focus and a center, and after for studying the bifurcation of limit cycles from it or from its period annulus. We give an effective algorithm in the search of necessary conditions for detecting nilpotent centers based in recent developments. Moreover we survey the last results on this problem and illustrate our approach by means of examples. The first author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2011-22877 and an AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant number 2009SGR 381. The second author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER grant number MTM2008-03437, an AGAUR grant number 2009SGR 410, ICREA Academia and two FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES numbers 316338 and 318999.

O problema de decidir se um ponto singular monodrômico com autovalores imaginários para uma família analítica de um campo de vetores planares é um centro ou um foco foi resolvido por Lyapunov. Este é o famoso problema centro- foco, que foi resolvido calculando as chamadas constantes de Lyapunov e verificar se elas são ou não nulas. Existem métodos diferentes de calculá-las dependendo da aproximação a ser utilizada: cálculo da função de Lyapunov; uso de formas normais; cálculo da potência na expansão da solução em coordenadas polares; uso da estrutura algébrica das constantes de Lyapunov; método de Lyapunov-Schmit e funções de Melnikov. Apesar de todos os métodos acima o problema centro-foco para uma família simples, como a cúbica, tem resisitido a todas as tentativas de solução, por isto classificamos os centros em três níveis para tornar o problema mais viável. The problem of destingnishing whether a monodromic critical point with imaginary eigenvalues of a family of a planar analitical vector field is a center or a focus was already solved by Lyapunov. This is the famous center-focus problem which was solved by calculating the so-called Lyapunov constants and see whether or not they are zero. We present a few ways to calculate them acording the approaches that they use: camputation of a Lyapunov function; use of normal forms; computation of the power of expansion of a solution in polar coordinates; use of the algebraic structure of Lyapunov constants; method of Lyapunov-Schmit and Melnikov functions. Despite all of the above the centerfocus problem for a simple family as the cube is resisting all attempts at solution. For this reason the centers, we propose to grade the in three levels in order to make the problem more feasible.

By using an effective complex algorithm to calculate the Lyapunov constants of polynomial systems En: z˙=iz+Rn(z,z¯), where Rn is a homogeneous polynomial of degree n, in this note we construct two concrete examples, E4 and E5, such that in both cases, the corresponding orders of fine focus can be as high as 18. The systems are given, respectively, by the following ordinary differential equations: E4:z˙=iz+2iz4+izz¯3+5227820723eiθz¯4, where θ∉{kπ±π6,kπ+π2,k∈Z}, and E5:z˙=iz+3z5+20(c+3)9c2−15z4z¯+zz¯4+20(c+3)c29c2−15z¯5, where c is the root between (−3,−5/3) of the equation 4155c6−10716c5−63285c4−18070c3+168075c2+205450c+60375=0.

For real planar autonomous analytic differential equations we introduce the notion of persistent center and show a list of equations with this property. We face the problem of whether our list is exhaustive or not and we prove that it is for several families of planar systems, like cubic or rigid systems.

We classify all centers of a planar weight-homogeneous polynomial vector field of weight degree 1, 2, 3 and 4.

We prove that there are one-parameter families of planar differential equations for which the center problem has a trivial solution and on the other hand the cyclicity of the weak focus is arbitrarily high. We illustrate this phenomenon in several examples for which this cyclicity is computed.

For the polynomial differential system x˙ = −y, y˙ = x+Qn(x; y), where Qn(x; y) is a homogeneous polynomial of degree n there are the following two conjectures done in 1999. (1) Is it true that the previous system for n ≥ 2 has a center at the origin if and only if its vector field is symmetric about one of the coordinate axes? (2) Is it true that the origin is an isochronous center of the previous system with the exception of the linear center only if the system has even degree? We prove both conjectures for all n odd. The first author is partially supported by a MINECO/FEDER grant number MTM2011-22877 and an AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant number 2014SGR 1204. The second author is partially supported by a MINECO/FEDER grant MTM2008-03437 and MTM2013-40998-P, an AGAUR grant number 2014 SGR568, an ICREA Academia, the grants FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES 318999 and 316338, FEDER-UNAB-10-4E-378. The third author is supported by Portuguese National Funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within the project PTDC/MAT/117106/2010 and by CAMGSD

In this paper, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of local analytic first integrals for a seventh-parameter family of complex cubic systems called the complex Kukles systems. The first author is partially supported by a MINECO/ FEDER [grant number MTM2014-53703-P]; an AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) [grant number 2014SGR 1204]. The second author is supported by Portuguese National Funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within the project PTDC/MAT/117106/2010 and by CAMGSD.