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Independent validation of the Social Feedback Task

General procedure and validation of stimuli

Parameter estimates of mixed models and probability schedules of the social learning task

Study into individual differences to social feedback and its role in subsequent social and non-social learning

Additional file 2. ‘SPIRIT-Checklist_TRACE_Study’.

Additional file 1. ‘Appendices TRACE protocol paper’ including: Appendix A: Background information on the TRACE Elimination diet for dieticians and researchers. Appendix B: Background on reintroduction for the dietician and researchers. Appendix C: Background information on the TRACE balanced diet for researchers and dieticians. Appendix D: Information for parents of children who continue the diet after five weeks. Appendix E: Informed consent TRACE. Appendix F: included as mentioned in the SPIRIT checklist 33 ‘Biological specimens’. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table.

Additional file 1. ‘Appendices TRACE protocol paper’ including: Appendix A: Background information on the TRACE Elimination diet for dieticians and researchers. Appendix B: Background on reintroduction for the dietician and researchers. Appendix C: Background information on the TRACE balanced diet for researchers and dieticians. Appendix D: Information for parents of children who continue the diet after five weeks. Appendix E: Informed consent TRACE. Appendix F: included as mentioned in the SPIRIT checklist 33 ‘Biological specimens’. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table.

Additional file 2. ‘SPIRIT-Checklist_TRACE_Study’.

Instrumental decision making has long been argued to be vulnerable to emotional responses. Literature on multiple decision making systems suggests that this emotional biasing might reflect effects of a system that regulates innately specified, evolutionarily preprogrammed responses. To test this hypothesis directly, we investigated whether effects of emotional faces on instrumental action can be predicted by effects of emotional faces on bodily freezing, an innately specified response to aversive relative to appetitive cues. We tested 43 women using a novel emotional decision making task combined with posturography, which involves a force platform to detect small oscillations of the body to accurately quantify postural control in upright stance. On the platform, participants learned whole body approach-avoidance actions based on monetary feedback, while being primed by emotional faces (angry/happy). Our data evidence an emotional biasing of instrumental action. Thus, angry relative to happy faces slowed instrumental approach relative to avoidance responses. Critically, individual differences in this emotional biasing effect were predicted by individual differences in bodily freezing. This result suggests that emotional biasing of instrumental action involves interaction with a system that controls innately specified responses. Furthermore, our findings help bridge (animal and human) decision making and emotion research to advance our mechanistic understanding of decision making anomalies in daily encounters as well as in a wide range of psychopathology., Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 8, ISSN:1662-5153