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Heart failure (HF) can be caused by a variety of causes characterized by abnormal myocardial systole and diastole. Ca2+ current through the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) on the membrane is the initial trigger signal for a cardiac cycle. Declined systole and diastole in HF are associated with dysfunction of myocardial Ca2+ function. This disorder can be correlated with unbalanced levels of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and myofilament. Kinase and phosphatase activity changes along with HF progress, resulting in phased changes in the degree of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation. It is important to realize the phosphorylation / dephosphorylation differences between a normal and a failing heart. This review focuses on phosphorylation / dephosphorylation changes in the progression of HF and summarizes the effects of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, ER function, and myofilament function in normal conditions and HF based on previous experiments and clinical research. Also, we summarize current therapeutic methods based on abnormal phosphorylation / dephosphorylation and clarify potential therapeutic directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Mesoporous bowl-like LiFePO4/C composites were synthesized by a wet milling-spray drying-carbothermal reduction (WSC) using starch as the organic carbon source and reductive agent. The samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, cyclic voltammograms (CV), electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and galvanostatic charge–discharge testing. Most of the mesoporous bowl-like LiFePO4/C composites with particle size in the range 5–10μm, coated with evenly distributed carbon, were assembled by nanoparticles (<100nm), and had a mesoporous structure with the pore size of 13.30nm and a specific surface area of 29.40m2 g−1. These delivered a discharge capability of 123mAhg−1 at 10 C, with no capacity loss after 100 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance was mainly ascribed to the improved ionic/electronic conductivity and structural stability arising from the interconnected mesoporous pores, carbon-coated nanoparticles and micro-sized structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We prepared a LiFePO4/C composite using wet-milling assisted carbothermal reduction, and investigated how the ball-to-powder weight ratio affected the characteristics of the composite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser particle-size distribution measurements, and electrochemical performance testing. Four ball-to-powder weight ratios varying from 15:1 to 30:1 were compared. LiFePO4 surrounded by a network of carbon was obtained for all of the ball-to-powder weight ratios used. As the ball-to-powder weight ratio increased, the particles became more homogeneous, while the particle sizes of the slurries first decreased and then increased. The LiFePO4/C sample we prepared with a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 25:1 was mostly composed of ~50nm particles. Electrochemical tests indicated that the sample had a discharge capacity of 125mAhg−1 with no capacity loss after 100cycles at a 10C rate. This outstanding rate capability is mainly ascribed to the presence of nanoparticles with proper carbon structures and correspondingly reduced electrochemical polarization resistance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A visual detection method for malachite green (MG) in food was established based on 'double-response-OFF' ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor. Biomass carbon quantum dots (BCQDs) using broad bean shell, and Ti 3 C 2 MXene quantum (MQDs) dots modified by ethylenediamine were synthesized by solvothermal method. The MG and two kinds of quantum dots could undergo static quenching, and the fluorescence color of two kinds of quantum dots gradually changed from red to blue, eventually the fluorescence was quenched, and the pattern had a two-stage linear relationship using fluorescent spectrofluorometer in the range of 0.1-140.0 μ M and the detection limit of 0.07 μ M. On this basis, a BCQDs/MQDs ratiometric fluorescence paper-based sensor was constructed and applied to fish sample. Through mobile phone software-Color recognizer, RGB values of fluorescent paper-based sensor at various concentrations of MG were extracted. The results showed that MG concentration was linearly correlated with R ' value of RGB in the range of 20.0-140.0 μ M with 16.5 μ M detection limit. The method had been applied to the determination of canned fish and fresh basa fish samples, and the recovery rates were 97.33%-108.93% and 96.04%-117.97%, respectively. It proved that the ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor could be used for the rapid visual quantitative detecting MG in real samples., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.)