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Objective: This study was designed with the purpose of analyzing the relationship between the interactions of leptin receptor ( LEPR ) rs1137101, rs1137100 polymorphisms with smoking and the susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD)., Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 101 CAD patients and 110 healthy people frequency-matched with the former in age and sex. The genotyping of LEPR polymorphisms were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The distribution differences of genotype and allele between two groups was estimated by χ 2 test. The relative risk of CAD was showed by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Crossover analysis was applied in the studying of gene-environment interactions., Results: LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism showed significant difference between CAD patients and healthy controls neither genotypes nor alleles in this study population ( P >0.05). Fortunately, we detected that AA genotype of LEPR rs1137100 polymorphism had frequency difference between two study groups with a significant level, compared with the common genotype GG ( P =0.03), which showed that this polymorphism had an independent association with CAD (OR=3.07, 95% CI=1.08-8.73). So was A allele of rs1137100 (OR=1.58, 95% CI=1.04-2.39). Furthermore, we observed the interaction of smoking and rs1137100 polymorphism in CAD occurrence (OR=2.69, P =0.01)., Conclusions: Not only is LEPR rs1137100 polymorphism an independent risk factor for CAD, but it exists the interaction with smoking in the onset of CAD in this Chinese population., Competing Interests: None., (IJCEP Copyright © 2017.)

Objectives: Genetics polymorphism of the E-selectin affects the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to investigate the association between the rs5368 and rs3917406 polymorphisms in E-selectin genes and premature CAD (PCAD) in Chinese Han population., Methods: PCAD 628 patients and 732 controls were included in the study. E-selectin of rs5368 and rs3917406 polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)., Results: The frequencies of T allele of the rs5368 and rs3917406 polymorphisms were 27.2% and 47.8%, respectively, in the PCAD group, and 30.5% and 42.8% in the control group. The frequency of the T allele of the rs3917406 polymorphism was significantly higher in the PCAD group than in the control group (x(2) = 6.857, P = 0.009). In contrast, no statistically significant difference was found between controls and patients in the frequency of T allele of the rs5368 polymorphism. The univariate analysis showed that the E-selectin rs3917406 polymorphisms was associated with the PCAD in additive model (OR = 1.226, 95% CI = 1.05-1.43, P = 0.010) and dominant model (OR = 1.406, 95% CI = 1.11-1.78, P = 0.005). After adjusting for potential confounding variables the rs3917406 polymorphisms was independently associated with PCAD in additive model (OR = 1.347, 95% CI = 1.12-1.62, P = 0.002) and dominant model (OR = 1.669, 95% CI = 1.26-2.21, P < 0.001). The E-selectin rs5368 polymorphisms were not associated with PCAD in univariate and multivariate analyses of three models., Conclusion: Among the Chinese Han population, the rs3917406 polymorphism of the E-selectin gene was associated with PCAD in univariate and multivariate analysis, however, no significant correlation between the E-selectin rs5368 polymorphism and PCAD.

Background and Aims: This study is to compare the short-term and long-term mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods and Results: A total of 266 STEMI patients and 140 NSTE-ACS patients received PCI. Patients were followed up by telephone or at medical record or case statistics center and were followed up for 4 years. Descriptive statistics and multivariate survival analyses were employed to compare the mortality in STEMI and NSTE-ACS. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS19.0 software package. NSTE-ACS patients had significantly higher clinical and angiographic risk profiles at baseline. During the 4-year follow-up, all-cause mortality in STEMI was significantly higher than that in NSTE-ACS after coronary stent placement (HR 1.496, 95% CI 1.019-2.197). In a landmark analysis no difference was seen in all-cause mortality for both STEMI and NSTE-ACS between 6 month and 4 years of follow-up (HR 1.173, 95% CI 0.758-1.813)., Conclusions: Patients with STEMI have a worse long-term prognosis compared to patients with NSTE-ACS after PCI, due to higher short-term mortality. However, NSTE-ACS patients have a worse long-term survival after 6 months.

Background: Several studies have implied that the time of radiation exposure for patients and operators during the transradial approach for coronary angiography (TRA) is associated with the use of different guidewire or catheter and operator's finesse. This study aimed to assess the effects of non-hydrophilic or hydrophilic guidewire and operator expertise on fluoroscopy time and procedure time of TRA and further effects on the procedure safety., Methods: A total of 1035 consecutive patients undergoing TRA were recruited prospectively and respectively divided into non-hydrophilic guidewire and hydrophilic guidewire group, or well-experienced group and less-experienced group. The primary endpoints were fluoroscopy time and procedure time. Secondary endpoints included contrast volume, cost, guidewire exchange, switchover and complications ., Results: TRA by non-hydrophilic guidewire group showed shorter fluoroscopy time and procedure time compared with hydrophilic guidewire group, similar results were found between well-experienced group and less-experienced group. Moreover, using of non-hydrophilic guidewire significantly reduced the incidence of hematoma and abnormal guidewie advancement, well-experienced group showed less dosage of contrast volume, lower incidence of radial artery spasm and frequency of guidewire exchange., Conclusions: TRA by non-hydrophilic guidewire and well-experienced operator can decrease radiation exposure of patients and operators through reducing the fluoroscopy time and procedure time and further increase procedure safety. These will contribute to the optimization of TRA procedure and promote its widely application.

Objective: The goals of this study were to establish a new model for predicting in-hospital mortality of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to compare the predictive accuracy of the new model with the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) model., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 18206 Chinese patients undergoing PCI in our hospital between January 2002 and December 2008. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the preoperative risk factors that predicted in-hospital mortality. The EuroSCORE model was used to predict in-hospital mortality. To improve the predictive value of the EuroSCORE, we proposed a modified EuroSCORE that included some PCI-specific factors., Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that left main trunk lesions, type C lesions, preoperative high-risk state, emergency PCI, and severe reduction of ejection fraction (<30%) were independent predictors of PCI mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve for the modified EuroSCORE was larger than that for the EuroSCORE, however, there was no significant difference between the actual mortality rate and the mortality rate predicted by the two models. The modified EuroSCORE more accurately predicted the mortality rate in patients with a EuroSCORE score of 7-9 points, whereas it was no better than the standard EuroSCORE in patients with EuroSCORE scores of 1-3 or 4-6 points., Conclusion: The modified EuroSCORE improves acute risk assessment in PCI patients compared with the EuroSCORE, and the mortality rate predicted by the modified EuroSCORE in high-risk patients was close to the actual mortality rate.