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Metabolic syndrome has become a significant public health concern. This study aims to investigate the impact of dietary patterns on metabolic syndrome in young adults and how physical activity modulates this effect. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a health management center in Tianjin, China, from September 2022 to March 2023. Participants aged 18–35 years were recruited using convenience sampling. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models evaluated associations between these patterns and metabolic syndrome, adjusting for potential confounders. Among 442 participants, four dietary patterns were identified: Legume–Nut, Alcohol–Meat, Sugar–Processed, and Egg–Vegetable. The Legume–Nut dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.08–6.37), while the Egg–Vegetable dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10–0.70). No significant associations were found for the Sugar–Processed and Alcohol–Meat patterns. Subgroup analysis revealed that the Legume–Nut pattern increased the risk of metabolic syndrome among those with irregular physical activity, whereas the Egg–Vegetable pattern decreased the risk. These findings highlight the significant influence of dietary patterns on the risk of metabolic syndrome in young adults and the modifying effect of regular physical activity, underscoring the need for targeted dietary and lifestyle interventions to prevent metabolic syndrome in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Density functional theory calculations are performed to systematically investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of few-layer and bulk Fe3SiSe2 (FSS). We predict that the bulk FSS has a metallic ground state and a layered structure displaying intralayer ferromagnetic ordering and interlayer antiferromagnetic ordering. The itinerant magnetism in the FSS was determined by the Stoner criterion. Predictions of the absence of unstable phonon modes and a moderate cleavage energy of only 28.3 meV/Å2 suggest the possibility of stabilizing FSS in a monolayer form. The calculated spin–orbit coupling facilitates not only a large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy, around 500 μeV/Fe, but also spontaneous valley polarization in odd-numbered layer systems. These systems have net magnetic moments as the magnetic moments of AFM-ordered layers are not fully compensated in the odd-numbered layer case and are predicted to show 2D metallic behaviors. The magnitude of the valley polarization in odd-numbered layered systems decreases from 18 meV with layer number but is absent in even-layered structures, thus showing an odd–even oscillation effect. Experimental realization of this bidimensional metallic magnet is, therefore, expected to widen the arena of two-dimensional materials that show exotic phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Somatic symptoms and related factors in patients with chronic heart failure have been extensively researched. However, more insight into the complex interconnections among these constructs is needed, as most studies focus on them independently from each other. Aims: The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how somatic symptoms and related factors are interconnected among patients with chronic heart failure. Methods: A total of 379 patients were enrolled. Network analysis was used to explore the interconnections among the somatic symptoms and related risk factors. Results: The four core symptoms of chronic heart failure were daytime dyspnea, dyspnea when lying down, fatigue and difficulty sleeping. Within the network, the edge weights of depression–anxiety, subjective social support–objective social support, and subjective social support–social support availability were more significant than others. Among physiological, psychological and environmental factors, the edge weights of NYHA–dyspnea, depression–difficulty sleeping, and social support availability–dyspnea when lying down were more significant than others. Depression and anxiety had the highest centrality, indicating stronger and closer connections with other nodes. Conclusions: Psychological and environmental factors stood out in the network, suggesting the potential value of interventions targeting these factors to improve overall health. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Limited studies have explored core somatic symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure using network analysis.There is a lack of a holistic perspective when studying symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure and their association with various factors. What this paper adds? This study identifies daytime dyspnea, dyspnea when lying down, fatigue and difficulty sleeping as the four core symptoms of chronic heart failure.Targeting these core symptoms in treatments and management can potentially lead to improvements in patients' overall health.The network analysis highlights the importance of psychological and environmental factors, suggesting that interventions targeting these factors may contribute to overall health improvement. The implications of this paper: It provides evidence of core symptoms of chronic heart failure.It provides evidence of the complex interconnections among symptoms and related factors in chronic heart failure.It provides implications for future interventions and strategies in managing chronic heart failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bench-stable combination of NaBH4-acetylacetone was developed for the efficient chemoselective reduction of aldehydes in the presence of ketones. This method offers a useful synthetic protocol for distinguishing carbonyl reaction sites, and its synthetic utility is reflected by its moisture tolerance and high efficiency in a variety of complex settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bats hibernate to survive stressful conditions. Examination of whole cell and mitochondrial proteomes of the liver of Myotis ricketti revealed that torpid bats had endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER), global reduction in glycolysis, enhancement of lipolysis, and selective amino acid metabolism. Compared to active bats, torpid bats had higher amounts of phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) and UPRER markers such as PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Torpid bats also had lower amounts of the complex of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) (p65)/I-κBα. Cellular redistribution of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and reduced binding between PERK and GRP78 were also seen in torpid bats. Evidence of such was not observed in fasted, cold-treated, or normal mice. These data indicated that bats activate Akt, Nrf2, and NF-κB via the PERK-ATF4 regulatory axis against endoplasmic reticulum stresses during hibernation. Huang et al. use proteomics to examine liver and liver mitochondria of hibernating bats. The authors observe the unfolded protein response in endoplasmic reticulum and co-activation of survival signaling pathways in torpid bats and provide further insight into physiological adaptations that allow bats to survive a long period of hibernation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Little is known regarding the relationship between perceived control and depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), particularly in terms of their dose-response relationship., Objective: The aim of this study was to explore this relationship based on linear and nonlinear hypotheses and potential subgroup differences in patients with CHF., Methods: A total of 308 patients with CHF were included in the study. Data on perceived control, depression, and relevant covariates, such as gender, age, New York Heart Association classification, and comorbidity burden, were collected. Logistic regression, Spearman correlation, and restricted cubic spline analysis were used for data analysis., Results: Compared with the patients in the first quartiles of perceived control scores (0-16), those in the other 3 quartiles had a lower risk of depression (odds ratios of 0.29, 0.21, and 0.20, respectively; P < .05). Furthermore, a negative correlation between perceived control and depression (r = -0.317, P < .01) was observed. The restricted cubic spline analysis revealed an "L-shaped" curve relationship between perceived control and the presence of depression (P for nonlinear < .01). Compared with patients with a perceived control within the 5th percentile (10 scores), as the perceived control increased, the risk of depression rapidly decreased from "1" until it reached a threshold (20 scores) and stabilized. This trend remained consistent across the subgroups grouped by gender, age, New York Heart Association classification, and comorbidity burden., Conclusions: Interventions targeting perceived control may hold valuable implications for reducing the risk of depression in patients with CHF, particularly those who have not yet reached the threshold., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Lifelong hypertension highlights the importance of dyadic engagement in coping with the disease. Although dyadic coping is heterogeneous in patients with other diseases, little is known about it in elderly patients with hypertension. In addition, whether impaired dyadic coping is associated with frailty has yet to be elucidated., Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the latent profiles and characteristics of dyadic coping and the potential association between impaired dyadic coping and frailty in elderly patients with hypertension., Methods: We recruited a total of 741 elderly patients with hypertension. Latent profile analysis was then used to identify the best-fitting model. Then, we used regression analysis to determine profile predictors and identify the association between impaired dyadic coping and frailty., Results: The 5-profile model was considered to be the best-fitting model, as follows: profile 1, severely impaired dyadic coping; profile 2, mildly impaired dyadic coping; profile 3, normal dyadic coping; profile 4, better dyadic coping; and profile 5, the highest dyadic coping. In the fully adjusted model, the probability of frailty was 1.94-fold higher in the mildly impaired dyadic coping group (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-3.47) and 2.66-fold higher in the severely impaired dyadic coping group (odds ratio, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-6.39)., Conclusions: We identified heterogeneity in dyadic coping and demonstrated that impaired dyadic coping was associated with frailty. Those at risk of dyadic coping impairment need to be identified early, followed by dyadic coping-based interventions to prevent or delay frailty., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)