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In view of the fact that the conversion of various energy forms such as electricity, gas, and heat in the regional integrated energy system (RIES) seriously affects the economy of the system operation, a mathematical model and an optimization model of RIES energy flow are established to improve the economy of the system and the absorption of renewable energy. First, the mathematical models of all kinds of energy conversion equipment in the system are established to determine the constraints of three kinds of energy transmission networks, namely electricity, natural gas, and heat. Then, taking economic operation as the primary objective, and taking into account the objective function of low carbon emissions and increasing the uptake rate of renewable energy, the RIES multi-energy flow optimization model is constructed. Finally, based on the large-scale integrated energy system, the load side demand response is introduced and the simulation model is established. The simulation results show that the introduction of demand response improves the flexibility of system scheduling, reduces the dependence of the system on energy storage equipment, and effectively reduces the energy consumption cost of users.

Momordica charantia L. saponins (MCS) may promote wound-healing properties but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects and mechanisms of MCS on diabetic wounds. The results have shown that higher MCS intake lowered fasting blood glucose levels, serum lipids, and lipopolysaccharides in diabetic mice. MCS-treated diabetic mice exhibited faster wound healing than the diabetic control groups. After three days, the diabetic control groups exhibited a wound area reduction of only 19.3%, while a 39.75% reduction was observed following high-dose MCS treatment. Five potential biomarkers were screened in the metabolomics study. The results revealed that MCS mainly regulated glycerophospholipid metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and the Krebs cycle, thus affecting wound healing. Overall, MCS could not only exert a hypoglycemic effect but also promote diabetic wound healing, making it a potential treatment option for diabetes-related wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lignin is nature's second most abundant vascular plant biopolymer, playing significant roles in mechanical support, water transport, and stress responses. This study identified 90 lignin biosynthesis genes in rice based on phylogeny and motif constitution, and they belong to PAL, C4H, 4CL, HCT, C3H, CCoAOMT, CCR, F5H, COMT, and CAD families. Duplication events contributed largely to the expansion of these gene families, such as PAL, CCoAOMT, CCR, and CAD families, mainly attributed to tandem and segmental duplication. Microarray data of 33 tissue samples covering the entire life cycle of rice suggested fairly high PAL, HCT, C3H, CCoAOMT, CCR, COMT, and CAD gene expressions and rather variable C4H, 4CL, and F5H expressions. Some members of lignin-related genes (OsCCRL11, OsHCT1/2/5, OsCCoAOMT1/3/5, OsCOMT, OsC3H, OsCAD2, and OsPAL1/6) were expressed in all tissues examined. The expression patterns of lignin-related genes can be divided into two major groups with eight subgroups, each showing a distinct co-expression in tissues representing typically primary and secondary cell wall constitutions. Some lignin-related genes were strongly co-expressed in tissues typical of secondary cell walls. Combined HPLC analysis showed increased lignin monomer (H, G, and S) contents from young to old growth stages in five genotypes. Based on 90 genes' microarray data, 27 genes were selected for qRT-PCR gene expression analysis. Four genes (OsPAL9, OsCAD8C, OsCCR8, and OsCOMTL4) were significantly negatively correlated with lignin monomers. Furthermore, eleven genes were co-expressed in certain genotypes during secondary growth stages. Among them, six genes (OsC3H, OsCAD2, OsCCR2, OsCOMT, OsPAL2, and OsPAL8) were overlapped with microarray gene expressions, highlighting their importance in lignin biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective To investigate the incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVP) in patients undergoing surgeries for ankle fractures and identify the associated risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective study. A total of 1451 patients undergoing surgery of ankle fractures from January 2016 to June 2019 were included. The inpatient medical record system was inquired for data collection, including demographics, comorbidities, injury, and surgery-related data, and laboratory biomarkers. DVT of the lower extremity was diagnosed by routine Doppler examination. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors. Results Among the 1451 patients, DVT was confirmed in 38 cases, indicating an incidence of 2.6%. DVT involved both the operated and non-operated limbs in 8 patients (21.1%). DVT involved superficial femoral vein in 4 cases (6.6%), deep femoral vein in 2 (3.3%), popliteal vein in 5 (8.2%), posterior tibial vein in 11 (18.0%), and peroneal vein in 39 (63.9%). The median interval between operation and diagnosis of DVT was 7 days. Six risk factors were identified to be independently associated with DVT, including age (10-year increase) (OR, 1.44), preoperative stay (delay of each day) (OR, 1.11), anesthesia (general vs regional) (OR, 3.51), lower hemoglobin level (OR, 2.02), total cholesterol > 5.2 mmol/L (OR, 3.20), and reduced lymphocyte count (OR, 3.16). Conclusion These identified factors, although not easily modifiable, do help counsel patients about the risk of DVT and help individualized assessment of the risk factors and accordingly the risk stratification.

The relationship between credit expansion and banking crises is complex and cannot be fully explained by total credit alone. A systematic analysis of the relationship between the amount and structure of total credit and banking crises is important for an objective prediction of the influence of potential financial risks. This paper, drawing on data from 15 selected countries, delves into the power of credit indicators in the early warning of banking crises from the perspectives of industrial structure, sector structure, and term structure of credit. Various machine learning methods were used, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Bagging, and Boosting models. The empirical findings indicate that credit expansion plays a crucial role in triggering banking crises. However, total credit is better suited for the early warning of short-term banking crises, whereas credit structure is more useful for the early warning of long-term banking crises. Moreover, in an early warning system, identifying key early warning indicators is more meaningful than merely increasing the number of indicators. Machine learning can somewhat enhance the early warning power, but it may not always be robust. Therefore, more attention should be paid to potential systemic banking crises resulting from an imbalance in credit structure while regulating the total credit threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid advancements in materials science and nanotechnology, intertwined with oncology, have positioned photothermal therapy (PTT) as a promising noninvasive treatment strategy for cancer. The breast's superficial anatomical location and aesthetic significance render breast cancer a particularly pertinent candidate for the clinical application of PTT following melanoma. This review comprehensively explores the research conducted on the various types of nanoparticles employed in PTT for breast cancer and elaborates on their specific roles and mechanisms of action. The integration of PTT with existing clinical therapies for breast cancer is scrutinized, underscoring its potential for synergistic outcomes. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying PTT and consequential modifications to the tumor microenvironment after treatment are elaborated from a medical perspective. Future research directions are suggested, with an emphasis on the development of integrative platforms that combine multiple therapeutic approaches and the optimization of nanoparticle synthesis for enhanced treatment efficacy. The goal is to push the boundaries of PTT toward a comprehensive, clinically applicable treatment for breast cancer., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)