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The present investigation was aimed at elucidating solid particle behaviour in a new design COREX shaft furnace using a new technique called areal gas distribution (AGD). The measurement of solid flow profile was performed with a semi-cylindrical model. To guarantee similarity of conditions, a modified Froude number was taken into consideration in the physical model constructed. The solid flow characteristics in this new furnace with different blast volumes were analysed, and the effect of discharge rate as well as abnormal conditions on solid flow behaviour have also been investigated. The work reveals that solid flow profile in the shaft furnace model progresses through a Flat→Wave→W shape profile as the burden descends. Blast volume has little influence on solid particle behaviour. However, increasing the discharge rate has an effect of decreasing the quasi-stagnant zone size and with the increasing discharge rate, the cross-section of AGD channel increases. For asymmetric flow, particles descend from the top and move to the discharging outlet and a very big stagnant zone is formed on the opposite side of the discharging outlet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV-1 integrase (IN), which has no cellular counterpart, has been intensely studied over the past 15 years and has been fully validated as a therapeutic target with the first FDA approved IN inhibitor raltegravir. The quinolone acid GS-9137 (elvitegravir), which most probably will became the next candidate of IN inhibitors, is in the process of enrolling patients in the phase III clinical trials. This review focuses on small-molecules of quinolone acid derivatives, which have the similar pharmacophore of β-diketoacids, as integrase inhibitors with antiviral activity.

Objective: To study the effect of Xianlong Capsule (XLC) in treating vascular dementia (VD) and to explore its therapeutic mechanism., Methods: The criteria of learning and memory related cholinergic nerve system, oxygen free radical and nitrogen monoxide (NO) in 35 patients with VD treated with XLC and 33 patients treated with hydergine were observed and compared with the normal control group., Results: XLC could lower the acetylcholine esterase activity, increase the acetylcholine content in erythrocytes and plasma and decrease the NO content. No toxic adverse reaction was found in the observation period., Conclusion: XLC has definite effect in treating VD in aged patients, the therapeutic mechanism may be related with the actions in strengthening cholinergic nerve system, improving oxygen free radical metabolism, regulating NO and relieving its excitatory neurotoxicity.

The mtDNA hypervariable segment I sequences (HVS I) were sequenced in 64 Shuis from Guizhou Province. 73 sites were polymorphic in the 495 bp fragment that sequenced, identified 48 different haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes suggested that there were some ancestral haplotypes in current Shuis, and these haplotypes were also present in Eurasia populations as well as in other ethnic groups. Demographic analysis of the Shuis demonstrated a unimodal distribution that is typical for a population undergone expansion in the past and with a high Tau value, which suggested that the Shui group might be a ancestral population. Combined with the analysis of the reported data, the Shui ethnic group showed a generally similar genetic component with the Zhuang from Guangxi, but it is also different from these typical south populations as Zhuang, Cantonese.

By employing nitric acid reductase-spectrophotometry and NADPH-diaphorase/AVP cytochemistry technique, the effects of magnetic field on NO in hypothalamus and relations to Paraventricular Nucleus (PVN), Periventricular Nucleus (PEN), Supraoptic Nucleus (SON) and Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) were investigated. It was found that the NADPH-d positive neurons and some NADPH-d/AVP dually stained neurons existed in PVN, PEN, SON, but not in SCN, and the magnetic field induced NO (OD) increase there and the high NO (OD) level lasted for 3 hours. The results suggested that NO (OD) increase after the treatment of magnetic field in hypothalamus may result from strong expression of NOergic neurons in the PVN, PEN and SON. The coexistance of NO and AVP may play important role in the regulation of endocrine and neuroendocrine by the magnetic field.

By immuno-cytochemical method the localization of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the nervous system during embryonic development of Cynops orientalis was studied. The results revealed that NPY was first localized in the peripheral nervous system (late tail-bud stage), and later appeared in the central nervous system (larval stage) where it appeared with the appearance of glial cells. Very probably with the migration of neural crest cells NPY appeared first in the peripheral nervous system and then distributed to the central nervous system.

Complete and reliable data of mortality rate of malignant tumors from 1973 to 1982 in Yangzhong County, Jiangsu Province, China are reported. The annual mortality rate was 271.38/100,000 which is the highest of all counties in China. Among the malignant tumors, the mortality rates of esophageal, stomach, liver and intestinal cancers are 100.77/100,000, 90.25/100,000, 31.25/100,000 and 11.95/100,000, respectively. Moreover, the mortality rates of lung, cervical cancers and leukemia are also rather high. The mortality rate of esophageal cancer in the female is higher than that in the male. There have been no obvious changes in the mortality rates of some chief malignant tumors in the past ten years. For the high mortality rates of various malignancies in Yangzhong county, epidemiological factors should be further investigated.