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Rehabilitation robots with intent recognition are helping people with dysfunction to enjoy better lives. Many rehabilitation robots with intent recognition have been developed by academic institutions and commercial companies. However, there is no systematic summary about the application of intent recognition in the field of rehabilitation robots. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to summarize the application of intent recognition in rehabilitation robots, analyze the current status of their research, and provide cutting-edge research directions for colleagues. Literature searches were conducted on Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Medline. Search terms included "rehabilitation robot", "intent recognition", "exoskeleton", "prosthesis", "surface electromyography (sEMG)" and "electroencephalogram (EEG)". References listed in relevant literature were further screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this field, most studies have recognized movement intent by kinematic, sEMG, and EEG signals. However, in practical studies, the development of intent recognition in rehabilitation robots is limited by the hysteresis of kinematic signals and the weak anti-interference ability of sEMG and EEG signals. Intent recognition has achieved a lot in the field of rehabilitation robotics but the key factors limiting its development are still timeliness and accuracy. In the future, intent recognition strategy with multi-sensor information fusion may be a good solution. As a technology, intent recognition can become a part of rehabilitation, assist patients to complete daily life activities, and improve their quality of life. Rehabilitation training equipment for treatment usually adopts a relatively stable prediction method, which aims to stimulate the enthusiasm of users to participate in training. Functionally enhanced rehabilitation aids have high requirements for the timeliness of movement intent recognition, and its purpose is to assist patients to complete activities of daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conventional hip disarticulation prostheses (HDPs) are passive devices with separate joint structures, limiting amputees' ability to control and resulting in abnormal gait patterns. This study introduces a new HDP integrating the hip and knee joints for amputees' natural gait. Methods: The new HDP restores the physiological rotation center of the hip with a remote center of motion (RCM) structure, and simulates the knee motion with a four‐bar structure. Nonlinear programming was employed to optimize the hip‐knee joint structure. A hybrid multi‐objective drive structure with a series–parallel connection was also designed to ensure motion synergy between the hip and knee joints. Finally, a prototype of the prosthesis was tested using the HDP test system. Results: The optimization results demonstrate that the new HDP accurately restores the rotation center of the femur in amputees, with the knee's instantaneous center of rotation (ICR) trajectory closely resembling that of the human knee (Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.999). The study shows that the new HDP achieves a motion reproduction accuracy of over 95% for the human hip joint at walking speeds above 1.5 km/h, 38% higher than conventional prosthesis. Similarly, at the same walking speed, the new HDP replicates the motion of the human knee at 82.89%, surpassing conventional prosthesis by 57.85%. Conclusions: The new HDP restores symmetry and replicates synergistic movement in amputees' lower limbs, exhibiting superior movement characteristics compared to conventional prostheses. This innovative HDP has the potential to enhance the quality of life for amputees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The southwest of China is a mountainous region with complex and variable geological and tectonic conditions. The rock has developed internal joints, lamellae and laminae. When the tunnel crosses the jointed rock, it is very easy to cause engineering disasters such as large deformation of the surrounding rock, destabilization and collapse of the palm face, deformation of the steel frame, falling blocks of the initial support and cracking of the secondary lining. In order to analyze the influence of joints on the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, a study was carried out based on the Xishuangbanna Tunnel of Yuxi - Mohan Railway. ABAQUS was used to establish a computational analysis model to obtain the plastic damage characteristics of the surrounding rock under different jointing conditions. (1) When the joints are distributed symmetrically, the yield of the joints and the plastic strain of the surrounding rock are symmetrically distributed in the areas of the arch, spandrels on both sides, and both sides of the invert; (2) When the dip angle of the joint is steep, the rock mass property is the main controlling factor. When the joint dip angle is relatively gentle, the surrounding rock will be damaged by shear slip along the joint surface. In this case, the joints are the main controlling factors for the plastic failure of the surrounding rock as a whole. When the joint dip angle is 60° or 120°, the plastic strain of the surrounding rock is the largest, and the maximum plastic strain is 0. 197; (3) When the joint dip angle is 90°, the surrounding rock and joint yield area are mainly distributed vertically along the joint direction, and the influence range is deep into the stratum; (4) The main reason for the plastic failure of the surrounding rock under the two groups of joint conditions is the plastic yield of the joint surface. When the joint dip angle combination is 60°+90°, the plastic strain of the surrounding rock is the largest, and the maximum plastic strain is 0.521. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The garment pressure comfort sensation and discrimination were studied in the paper. The garment pressure comfort threshold and difference threshold were defined and calculated according to staircase method of psychophysics. In experiment, 10 subjects were employed in sensory tests and pressure measurements. A novel stretchable compressive belt was developed, which was used to control the pressure applied on separate body parts by its extension and intention, and the subjects judgement and pressure monitor were recorded in times. Finally, the comfort thresholds at nine separate body parts below waistline and difference thresholds at three parts & three varied standard pressure levels were investigated. This study provided proper comfort pressure range to human body for developing compression wear. Practitioner summary: Garment pressure comfort and difference threshold were firstly defined and calculated according to staircase method of psychophysics. The comfort thresholds at nine body parts and difference thresholds at three parts & three varied standard pressure levels were investigated. This study provided proper comfort pressure range to human body for developing compression wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]