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22. Alpha-linolenic acid may lower the rate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids

Author

Bork, C S, Venoe, S K, Lasota, A N, Lundbye-Christensen, S, Tjoenneland, A, Overvad, K, and Schmidt, E B

Abstract

Previous studies investigating the association between intake of the plant-derived n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have shown conflicting results. However, the effect of ALA intake on ASCVD may depend on the intake of marine n-3 fatty acids.We aimed to explore the association between ALA intake and risk of ASCVD in subjects consuming below and above the 10th percentile of marine n-3 fatty acids, respectively.We followed men and women enrolled into the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n=57.053) by linkage with nationwide registers and identified all incident ASCVD cases. All participants were aged 50 to 65 years at baseline. ASCVD was defined as the first registration of myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease or ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis or small-vessel occlusions. Intake of ALA and marine n-3 fatty acids was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and expressed as energy-adjusted intake. Statistical analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard regression.During a median of 13.4 years of follow-up, we identified a total of 3958 incident ASCVD cases including 366 cases among subjects in the lowest 10th percentile of consumption of marine n-3 fatty acids (\lt;252 mg/day). In multivariable analyses, we found a statistically significant inverse association between ALA modelled as a restricted cubic spline and the rate of ASCVD (p=0.005) in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids, whereas no statistically significant association was found between ALA intake and ASCVD in subjects with a higher intake of marine n-3 fatty acids (p=0.155) (Figure).Intake of ALA may be associated with a lower rate of ASCVD in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids.The Danish Heart Foundation (17-R115-A7415-22060), Helene and Georg Jensens and Ethel Merethe and Christian Pontoppidan's Fund.

Published
2019

29. Short-term effect of external cardioversion on patients with pacemakers and atrial fibrillation/flutter

Author

Tholander, S., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Marni Joensen, A., Moesgaard Larsen, J., Fiedler Holm, K., Thoegersen, A. M., Klausz, G., and Riahi, S.

Abstract

Background: Previous case reports have demonstrated increased threshold and exit block due to external cardioversion (ECV).International guidelines from 2006 recommend that ECV is performed with anterior-posterior paddle orientation, that the anterior paddle is placed with minimum distance of 8 cm from the pulse generator, and that the cardiac device is interrogated before and after ECV. Currently, there are to our knowledge no larger studies that have examined the effect of ECV on pacemakers.

Published
2018

36. Linoleic acid in adipose tissue and risk of ischemic stroke

Author

Venoe, S. K., Bork, C. S., Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Lundbye-Christensen, S., Bach, F. W., Schmidt, E. B., Overvad, K., Venoe, S. K., Bork, C. S., Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre, Lundbye-Christensen, S., Bach, F. W., Schmidt, E. B., and Overvad, K.

Abstract

Background/Introduction: Linoleic acid, the predominant n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, is known to reduce plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and has been recommended for prevention of coronary heart disease. Whether linoleic acid (LA) is associated with risk of ischemic stroke has not been investigated thoroughly and the results of the few previous studies have been inconsistent. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the content of LA in adipose tissue, which is a long-term marker of endogenous exposure to LA, and the risk of ischemic stroke. Methods: The Danish cohort study Diet, Cancer and Health consists of 57,053 participants aged 50–64 years at baseline. At enrolment, all participants had an adipose tissue biopsy taken. Information on ischemic stroke development during follow-up was obtained from The Danish National Patient Register, and cases were all validated. Cases and a random sample of 3,203 subjects, drawn from the whole cohort had their fatty acid composition determined by gas chromatography (wt%). Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) across quartiles of LA were calculated using a weighted Cox regression analysis. Results: During a median of 13.5 years of follow-up 1,879 participants developed ischemic stroke. Adipose tissue biopsies were available on 1,755 ischemic stroke cases. After adjusting for appropriate risk factors, adipose tissue content of LA was negatively associated with ischemic stroke. HR for ischemic stroke relative to the lowest quartile of adipose LA contents was lower across quartiles, second quartile (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.77; 1.09), third (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71; 1.02) and fourth (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65; 0.93). Conclusion: The risk of ischemic stroke was negatively associated with the content of LA in adipose tissue suggesting a protective effect of LA against ischemic stroke.

Published
2018

43. EXPLAINING TRENDS IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY AND SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES IN DENMARK 1991-2007:IMPACTSEC MODEL ANALYSIS USING ROUTINE DATA

Author

Joensen, A. M., Jørgensen, T., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Johansen, M. B., Guzman-Castillo, M., Bandosz, P., Hallas, J., Prescott, E. I. B., Capewell, S., O'Flaherty, M., Joensen, A. M., Jørgensen, T., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Johansen, M. B., Guzman-Castillo, M., Bandosz, P., Hallas, J., Prescott, E. I. B., Capewell, S., and O'Flaherty, M.

Published
2017

49. No effect of high-dose atorvastatin on leukotriene B(4) formation from neutrophils in patients treated with coronary bypass surgery::a randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded trial with a crossover design

Author

Lysgaard, C, Nielsen, Michael René Skjelbo, Christensen, J H, Lundbye-Christensen, S, Riahi, S, and Schmidt, Erik Berg

Subjects
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, (CVD) and leukotrienes may play a role in atherogenesis. Statins reduce mortality from CVD by reducing LDL cholesterol and potentially by other (pleiotropic) mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate if atorvastatin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) formation from stimulated neutrophils in patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting. The study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study. Patients (n=80) were allocated to 80mg atorvastatin or placebo for 6 weeks before crossing over to the opposite treatment for another 6 weeks. There was no significant correlation between baseline LDL cholesterol levels on formation of LTB(4), and atorvastatin had no effect on LTB(4) formation. Hence, this study does not support any effect of atorvastatin on LTB(4) formation as part of the explanation for its beneficial effect on CVD.

Published
2012

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