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1. Cosmic Ray Origin(s) revisited

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Standard Model, Supernova, Component (UML), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The motivations for reconsidering the origin(s) of cosmic rays remain as valid as they were two years ago. While we have a standard model, or better perhaps a standard folklore, the reasons to be somewhat sceptical have if anything increased. In this talk I will survey the arguments for and against the standard SNR origin for the Galactic component of the cosmic rays. I will also briefly review the evidence for a distinct component coming from the Galactic centre.

Published
2018

2. Divergent Perspectives on Expert Disagreement: Preliminary Evidence from Climate Science, Climate Policy, Astrophysics, and Public Opinion

Author

Maria Baghramian, James R. Beebe, Finnur Dellsén, and Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Global warming, Exploratory research, Climate change, Public policy, FOS: Physical sciences, 06 humanities and the arts, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Climate science, 0603 philosophy, ethics and religion, Climate policy, Public opinion, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Political science, 060302 philosophy, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph), Regional science, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We report the results of an exploratory study that examines the judgments of climate scientists, climate policy experts, astrophysicists, and non-experts (N = 3,367) about the factors that contribute to the creation and persistence of disagreement within climate science and astrophysics. We found that, as compared to educated non-experts, climate experts believe that there is less disagreement within climate science about climate change and that methodological factors and personal or institutional biases play less significant roles in generating existing disagreements than is commonly reported or assumed. We also found that, commensurate with the greater inherent uncertainty and data lacunae in their field, astrophysicists working on cosmic rays were generally more willing to acknowledge expert disagreement, more open to the idea that a set of data can have multiple valid interpretations, and generally less quick to dismiss someone articulating a non-standard view as non-expert, than climate scientists., Comment: Community peer review solicited

Published
2018
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3. Origin of cosmic rays

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Shock wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Magnetic field, Particle acceleration, Supernova, Acceleration, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

It is argued that there are three `origins' of cosmic rays; the origin of the particles, the origin of the energy, and the site of the acceleration. The evidence for each origin is discussed and a plausible synthesis outlined for the particles of Galactic origin where the energy comes mainly (but not exclusively) from supernova explosions, the site of the acceleration is at strong collisionless shock waves, and the accelerated particles come from the interstellar and circumstellar material swept over by these shocks. If these shocks are capable (as indicated by recent observations and theoretical work) of significantly amplifying magnetic fields this picture appears capable of explaining the cosmic ray particles at all energies below the `ankle' at $3\times10^{18}\,\rm eV$. The particles above this energy are generally taken to be of extra-galactic origin and possible acceleration sites for these UHE particles are briefly discussed., Comment: Review article to appear in special issue of Astroparticle Physics

Published
2012

4. Power requirements for cosmic ray propagation models involving diffusive reacceleration; estimates and implications for the damping of interstellar turbulence

Author

Andrew W. Strong and Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Turbulence, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Fermi acceleration, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power (physics), Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We make quantitative estimates of the power supplied to the Galactic cosmic ray population by second-order Fermi acceleration in the interstellar medium, or as it is usually termed in cosmic ray propagation studies, diffusive reacceleration. Using recent results on the local interstellar spectrum from the Voyager missions we show that for parameter values, in particular the Alfv\'en speed, typically used in propagation codes such as Galprop to fit the B/C ratio, the power contributed by diffusive reacceleration is significant and can be of order 50\% of the total Galactic cosmic ray power. The implications for the damping of interstellar turbulence are briefly considered., Comment: Accepted by A&A; discussion of LIS added at suggestions of referee, extra references and minor corrections incorporated

Published
2016
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5. Turbulent magnetic field amplification driven by cosmic ray pressure gradients

Author

Luke O'c. Drury and Turlough P. Downes

Subjects
Length scale, Physics, Field (physics), Turbulence, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Computational physics, Magnetic field, Interstellar medium, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Pressure gradient
Abstract

Observations of non-thermal emission from several supernova remnants suggest that magnetic fields close to the blastwave are much stronger than would be naively expected from simple shock compression of the field permeating the interstellar medium (ISM). We present a simple model which is capable of achieving sufficient magnetic field amplification to explain the observations. We propose that the cosmic-ray pressure gradient acting on the inhomogeneous ISM upstream of the supernova blastwave induces strong turbulence upstream of the supernova blastwave. The turbulence is generated through the differential acceleration of the upstream ISM which occurs as a result of density inhomogeneities in the ISM. This turbulence then amplifies the pre-existing magnetic field. Numerical simulations are presented which demonstrate that amplification factors of 20 or more are easily achievable by this mechanism when reasonable parameters for the ISM and supernova blastwave are assumed. The length scale over which this amplification occurs is that of the diffusion length of the highest energy non-thermal particles.

Published
2012

6. FIELD AMPLIFICATION, VORTEX FORMATION, AND ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN A PLASMA PROTOSHOCK: EFFECT OF ASYMMETRIC DENSITY PROFILE

Author

Mark E Dieckmann, Luke O'c. Drury, and G. C. Murphy

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Lorentz transformation, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Plasma, Electron, Vortex, Magnetic field, symbols.namesake, Astrophysical jet, symbols, Atomic physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, Lorentz force, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are thought to originate from highly relativistic jets. The fireball model predicts internal shocks in the jets, causing magnetic field to be amplified and particles to be accelerated. We model the effects of an asymmetric density configuration for an internal plasma collision in a quasi-parallel magnetic field. We measured electron acceleration and found that a tenuous population of electrons is accelerated to Lorentz factors of \sim 300 - close to energy equipartition with ions. We found that the filaments did not remain static, but were deflected by the Lorentz force and rolled up into small vortices, which themselves merge to form a larger current vortex., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures; Procceedings of the workshop "High Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Outflows III" (HEPRO III), Barcelona, June 27 - July 1, 2011

Published
2012

7. Escaping the accelerator: how, when and in what numbers do cosmic rays get out of supernova remnants?

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, Supernova, Acceleration, Box model, Shock (fluid dynamics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Ionization, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Boundary value problem, Charged particle
Abstract

The escape of charged particles accelerated by diffusive shock acceleration from supernova remnants is shown to be a more complex process than normally appreciated. Using a box model it is shown that the high-energy end of the spectrum can exhibit spectral breaks even with no formal escape as a result of geometrical dilution and changing time-scales. It is pointed out that the bulk of the cosmic ray particles at lower energies must be produced and released in the late stages of the remnant's evolution whereas the high energy particles are produced early on; this may explain recent observations of slight compositional variations with energy. Escape resulting from ion-neutral friction in dense and partially ionized media is discussed briefly and some comments made on the use of so-called "free escape boundary conditions". Finally estimates are made of the total production spectrum integrated over the life of the remnant.

Published
2011

8. Power requirements for cosmic ray propagation models involving re-acceleration and a comment on second-order Fermi acceleration theory

Author

Luke O'c. Drury and Andrew Thornbury

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Heuristic (computer science), Turbulence, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Fermi acceleration, Computational physics, Power (physics), Acceleration, Classical mechanics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

We derive an analytic expression for the power transferred from interstellar turbulence to the Galactic cosmic rays in propagation models which include re-acceleration. This is used to estimate the power required in such models and the relative importance of the primary acceleration as against re-acceleration. The analysis provides a formal mathematical justification for Fermi's heuristic account of second order acceleration in his classic 1949 paper., Comment: 3 pages, submitted to MNRAS. some additions as requested by the referee

Published
2014

9. KINETIC PARTICLE-IN-CELL SIMULATIONS OF ASYMMETRIC QUASI-PARALLEL MILDLY RELATIVISTIC PLASMA COLLISIONS: FIELD AND ELECTRON DYNAMICS

Author

Mark E Dieckmann, Luke O'c. Drury, and G. C. Murphy

Subjects
Physics, Jet (fluid), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Implosion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, Electron, Electromagnetic radiation, Relativistic plasma, Space and Planetary Science, Electromagnetic electron wave, Particle-in-cell, Atomic physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

A gamma-ray burst (GRB) is triggered by a stellar implosion and the subsequent ejection of an ultrarelativistic jet. The prompt emissions are attributed to mildly relativistic collisions of plasma clouds within this jet. The resulting internal shocks are instrumental in the generation of the magnetic fields and the energetic electrons, which excite the observed electromagnetic emissions. We use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to examine such a shock. The colliding hot magnetized plasma clouds have densities that differ by a factor of 10. Current channels form rapidly in the 3D simulation, which resemble those in a Hammer–Rostoker equilibrium, are observed also in the 2D simulation. The 2D simulation also shows the formation of a shock, which is mediated by a strong electromagnetic wave, and the energy equipartition between electrons and ions.

Published
2010

10. Cosmic-ray diffusive reacceleration: a critical look

Author

Andrew W. Strong and Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Diffusion (acoustics), Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Position and momentum space, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), Interstellar medium, Momentum, Supernova, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Cosmic-ray scattering on magnetic turbulence leads to spatial diffusive propagation; if the scattering medium is moving, this will inevitably also cause changes in the momentum of the particles, so-called diffusive reacceleration. This can be described as diffusion in momentum space. Diffusive reacceleration has often been invoked to explain the peak observed in secondary-to-primary ratios at a few GeV, in particular Boron-to-Carbon. This avoids the necessity to postulate an ad-hoc break in the spatial diffusive coefficient, and has become almost a standard in modelling cosmic-ray spectra. However, at the levels invoked, the process implies a significant input of energy from the interstellar medium into cosmic rays, so that in such models interstellar space competes with the usual accelerators like supernova remnants. The questions arise: is reacceleration really occurring at the high level required to explain secondary-to-primary ratios? and are the energy requirements physically plausible? We address this issue using both analytical and numerical models of cosmic-ray propagation., Presented at the ICRC2015 in Den Haag

Published
2015

11. Particle-in-cell simulation studies of the non-linear evolution of ultrarelativistic two-stream instabilities

Author

Mark E Dieckmann, Luke O'c. Drury, and Padma Kant Shukla

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Charge density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Electron, Instability, Computational physics, Lorentz factor, symbols.namesake, Classical mechanics, Two-stream instability, Relativistic plasma, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Particle-in-cell, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts are associated with relativistic plasma flow and intense X-ray and soft gamma-ray emissions. We perform particle-in-cell simulations to explore the growth and saturation of waves driven by the electrostatic two-stream instability that may contribute to the thermalization of the relativistic plasma flows and to the electromagnetic emissions. We evolve self-consistently the instability driven by two charge-neutral and cool interpenetrating beams of electrons and protons that move at a relative Lorentz factor of 100. We perform three simulations with the beam density ratios of 1, 2 and 10. The simulations show that the electrostatic waves saturate by trapping the electrons of only one beam and that the saturated electrostatic wave fields spatially modulate the mean momentum of the second beam, while retaining its temperature. Cavities form in the charge density of the latter beam which, in turn, compress the electrostatic waves to higher intensities. A runaway process develops that terminates with the collapse of the waves and the development of an exponential electron high-energy tail. We bring forward evidence that this energetic tail interacts stochastically with the charge density fluctuations of the relativistic proton beam. In response, an electron momentum distribution develops that follows an inverse power law up to a spectral break at four times the beam Lorentz factor.

Published
2006

12. First-order Fermi acceleration driven by magnetic reconnection

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, Acceleration, Spectral index, Space and Planetary Science, Simple (abstract algebra), Quantum electrodynamics, Compression (functional analysis), Spectrum (functional analysis), Physics::Accelerator Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Fermi acceleration, Shock (mechanics)
Abstract

A box model is used to study first order Fermi acceleration driven by magnetic reconnection. It is shown, at least in this simple model, that the spectral index of the accelerated particles is related to the total compression in the same way as in diffusive shock acceleration and is not, as has been suggested, a universal $E^{-5/2}$ spectrum. The acceleration time-scale is estimated and some comments made about the applicability of the process.

Published
2012

13. The Superbubble Model for LiBeB Production and Galactic Evolution

Author

Etienne Parizot and Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metallicity, Astronomy, Superbubble, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Interstellar medium, Supernova, Primary (astronomy), 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), Ejecta, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Free parameter
Abstract

We show that the available constraints relating to 6LiBeB Galactic evolution can be accounted for by the so-called superbubble model, according to which particles are efficiently accelerated inside superbubbles out of a mixture of supernova ejecta and ambient interstellar medium. The corresponding energy spectrum is required to be flat at low energy (in E−1 below 500 MeV/n, say), as expected from Bykov's acceleration mechanism. The only free parameter is also found to have the value expected from standard SB dynamical evolution models. Our model predicts a slope 1 (primary) and a slope 2 (secondary) behaviour at respectively low and high metallicity, with all intermediate slopes achieved in the transition region, between 10−2 and 10−1Z⊙.

Published
2000

14. [Untitled]

Author

John W. Bieber, R. S. Selesnick, R. A. Leske, J. E. Mazur, C. D. Steenberg, A. C. Cummings, Harm Moraal, Frank B. McDonald, R. B. McKibben, V. S. Ptuskin, Richard G. Marsden, M. B. Krainev, J. R. Jokipii, M. Oetliker, J. A. le Roux, K. J. Trattner, Berndt Klecker, R. A. Mewaldt, Luke O'c. Drury, L. J. Lanzerotti, Matthew G. Baring, Martin A. Lee, Donald C. Ellison, Joe Giacalone, and Frank C. Jones

Subjects
Physics, Planetary science, Spacecraft, Space and Planetary Science, business.industry, Physics::Space Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, business, Spectral data, Heliosphere, Ion
Abstract

We review the observed properties of anomalous cosmic rays and the present status of our knowledge of the processes by which they originate. We compiled a comprehensive set of ACR energy spectral data from various spacecraft throughout the heliosphere during the passes of Ulysses over the poles of the Sun and present first results of a detailed modeling effort. In several contributions, we discuss the questions of injection and possible pre-acceleration of pickup ions, summarize new observations on the ionic charge composition, and present new results on the composition of minor ions in ACRs.

Published
1998

15. An explicit, adaptive grid algorithm for one-dimensional initial value problems

Author

Kevin Farrell and Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Computational Mathematics, Numerical Analysis, Smoothness, Integrable system, Mesh generation, Feature (computer vision), Applied Mathematics, Initial value problem, Monotonic function, Function (mathematics), Grid, Algorithm, Mathematics
Abstract

A new explicit, adaptive grid algorithm for use in the solution of one-dimensional initial value problems is described. The method is based on the concept of tracking individual features of the physical solution. Properties of these real features are used to construct an artificial resolution function corresponding to a finite number of artificial features, each of which is then used to track a real feature. The artificial resolution function is constructed in such a way that it is analytically integrable, which allows a very stable and simple grid generation. Moving the artificial features is much more straightforward than trying to move the grid-points directly. In particular, features which interact, or even move off the grid can be treated adequately, without adversely affecting the monotonicity and smoothness of the grid. The results of several experiments are presented. These include a number of problems using test artificials, the aim of which is to mimic many of the situations involving sharp discontinuities which arise in the solution of hyperbolic PDEs. In addition, the algorithm is implemented in conjunction with a hydrodynamical test problem.

Published
1998

16. [Untitled]

Author

Luke O'c. Drury, Donald C. Ellison, and Jean-Paul Meyer

Subjects
Physics, Shock wave, Supernova, Planetary science, Space and Planetary Science, Refractory metals, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Ionization energy, Volatility (chemistry), Volatiles
Abstract

The composition of Galactic Cosmic Ray Sources (GCRS) shows the following features: (i) an enhancement of the refractory elements relative to the volatile ones, and (ii) an enhancement of the heavier volatile elements relative to the lighter ones; this mass dependence should reflect a mass-to-charge (A/Q) dependence of the acceleration efficiency; among the refractory elements, there is only a very weak enhancement of heavier species, or none at all. We consider it fortuitous that the GCRS composition resembles that of the solar corona, which is biased according to first ionization potential. In a companion paper by Ellison et al. (1998, this issue), this GCRS composition is interpreted in terms of a supernova shock wave acceleration of interstellar and/or circumstellar (e.g., 22Ne-rich Wolf-Rayet wind) gas phase and especially dust grain material. These two papers summarize and complement the content of two papers that recently appeared in Astrophys. J. (Meyer et al., 1997; Ellison et al., 1997).

Published
1998

17. Introducing the CTA concept

Author

A. Mathieu, R. G. Wagner, K. Panagiotidis, S Rosier Lees, Julien Rousselle, M. Gómez Berisso, Michela Uslenghi, Stephen Maxfield, R. C. Shellard, Ivica Puljak, T. Le Flour, Thomas Schanz, Tobias C. Walther, Juanan Aguilar, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, N. Fouque, Mosè Mariotti, G. Fontaine, Merja Tornikoski, V. Diez-Blanco, Enrico Giro, A. Krepps, G. Koss, J. M. Martin, Sergio Billotta, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Keitaro Takahashi, S. Buson, P. Brook, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, Joseph Silk, Sera Markoff, P. Lubinski, U. Schwanke, Sauvik Bhattacharyya, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, C. Zurbach, H. Wetteskind, R. Hermel, J. Darling, J. Nicolau-Kukliński, Konstancja Satalecka, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, P. Conconi, S. Bajtlik, Lukasz Stawarz, J. M. Paredes, K. Reitberger, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, David Kieda, G. Pareschi, Shigeto Kabuki, Makoto Sawada, Antonio Stamerra, Rodolfo Canestrari, N. Baby, G. Crimi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, R. Zanin, I. K. Kominis, L. Mc Comb, R. Sternberger, M. Fesquet, M. Tokarz, David Fink, Daniela Dorner, N. Hamer Heras, A. Moralejo Olaizola, M. de Naurois, Diego F. Torres, Claes Fransson, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, L. Fresnillo, B. García, R. Kossakowski, A. Masserot, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Saggion, G. Papyan, I. Mrusek, K. Farakos, J. Michałowski, A. Franckowiak, Fernando Martinez, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Michele Doro, L. Sapozhnikov, Claudia Lavalley, D. Thuermann, A.A. Zdziarski, Cristina Knapic, Karen Byrum, N. Neyroud, Petr Schovanek, W. Domainko, D. Kastana, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, F. Sánchez, Alexandre Marcowith, M. Errando, R. L. C. Starling, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, B. B. Singh, Yassir Moudden, Jelena Aleksić, C. L. Naumann, V. Waegebaert, M. Shayduk, U. F. Katz, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, O. Reimann, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vincenzo Testa, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, J. Schäfer, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wawer, L. Nellen, F. Mirabel, Tatsuo Yoshida, P. H. Carton, Nina Nowak, L. Platos, Riccardo Rando, P. P. Krueger, R. Wischnewski, W. Romaszkan, E. Fede, Martino Marisaldi, Markus Gaug, Richard Willingale, J. H. Buckley, U. De AlmeidaBarres, J. Knapp, Saverio Lombardi, D. della Volpe, A. Herrero, A. Bottani, E. Delagnes, Martin J. Hardcastle, C. Morello, Anna Lipniacka, T. Greenshaw, M. Renaud, Giancarlo Cusumano, Jonathan Biteau, M. Sowiński, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, T. B. Humensky, Michael G. Richer, G. Parks, G. Grasseau, H. Baba, Gino Tosti, Damir Lelas, H. Krawzcynski, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, R. Dickherber, P. Ferrando, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, Hideaki Katagiri, T. Shibata, Fuyuki Tokanai, N. A. McCubbin, J. Gomez-Ortega, D. Nakajima, A. Liolios, P. Laporte, Orjan Dale, A. Sillanpää, Dainis Dravins, Timothée Grégoire, Nu. Komin, A. Mihailidis, L. Sidoli, Shiu-Hang Lee, A. W. Chen, J. M. Illa, A. Kuznetsov, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Dominis Prester, Marcos Daniel Actis, Abraham D. Falcone, L. Journet, D. Hadasch, N. Galante, A. Murphy, C. J. Todero Peixoto, S. Wiesand, A. Aravantinos, A. C. Rovero, J. L. Dournaux, P. Romano, M. Hrabovsky, R. de los Reyes Lopez, M. Ostrowski, J. Pallota, Geza Gyuk, Petar Temnikov, R. Dubois, Jan Ebr, R. Koul, David J. Smith, S. Schwarzburg, P. Manigot, Chad Finley, Tarek M. Hassan, Giuseppe Sottile, Evgeni Ovcharov, P. J. Rajda, F. Krennrich, Peter L. Moore, W. B. Focke, W. Bednarek, Elena Amato, Kazunori Kohri, J. Gamez-Garcia, I. Oya, A. Shibuya, German Hermann, William H. Lee, Dorota Sobczyńska, X. Zhou, C. Balkowski, G. Vallejo, M. Hayashida, M. Bitossi, Loukas Vlahos, H. Lockart, N. Geffroy, L. Tibaldo, Marek Jamrozy, Luke O'c. Drury, Pratik Majumdar, P. Sutcliffe, S. Schlenstedt, M. Palatka, Christophe Champion, H. Ueno, M. Rupiński, P. Giommi, J. Schwarz, G. Pühlhofer, Takashi Saito, W. van Driel, C. van Eldik, Q. Xiong, Yasuo Fukui, A. Donat, A. Ibarra, R. S. Warwick, Michiko Ohishi, A. W. Smith, J.-P. Lenain, Aion Viana, Terry Ashton, Guillaume Dubus, Jacek Niemiec, K. Kodani, Luis Ángel Tejedor, A. Wörnlein, Takanori Yoshikoshi, Masahiro Teshima, W. Gäbele, Ll. Font, Olaf Reimer, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, Lucy Fortson, J. P. Osborne, Mattia Fornasa, Keith Bechtol, Masayuki Tanaka, Shigehiro Nagataki, M. Rataj, M. Ribordy, Emmanuel Moulin, I. de la Calle, K. Winiarski, C. Jeanney, I. Mognet, I. Vegas, C. Juffroy, Yutaka Ohira, A. Jacholkowska, Matthew Wood, A. E. Suárez, J. Bähr, K. M. Schure, J. Maya, M. Dafonseca, J. Tasan, R. Sugawara, M. Bourgeat, A. Mancilla, D. Pelat, Olga Botner, D. Nedbal, G. Depaola, Robert Wagner, T. Okuda, H. Arnaldi, Josep Martí, P. Corona, T. Bonev, D. Yelos, J. Sieiro, V. Scalzotto, Jacco Vink, D. Languignon, Marco Ajello, J. Vandenbrouke, Philipp Mertsch, M. Mordalska, P. Wegner, P. Ziółkowski, P. T. O'Brien, A. Nozato, Robert D. Preece, B. Huber, Matteo Balbo, J.R. Bogart, R. Kankanyan, K. Mori, T. Jogler, Seth Digel, Claudio Vuerli, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Thomas Lohse, K. Saito, A. W. Borgland, Elisa Prandini, Helene Sol, Ryan Heller, M. Bogdan, D. Dumas, M. Stodulski, Y. Awane, Piercarlo Bonifacio, Pedro L. Luque-Escamilla, Judith H. Croston, Fabio Pizzolato, P. M. Chadwick, M. K. Daniel, Riccardo Paoletti, Reiko Orito, Katsuaki Asano, R. Frei, G. Disset, Valerie Connaughton, Juhani Huovelin, Hiroyasu Tajima, S. Vercellone, F. Feinstein, G. Decerprit, Riccardo Smareglia, S. Spyrou, Gustavo E. Romero, J. Shi, J. Carr, N. Girard, Dirk L. Hoffmann, Andreas Zech, Markus Boettcher, Osvaldo Catalano, Akira Okumura, M. Dohmke, C. Föhr, Sabrina Casanova, R. A. Cameron, Jan Conrad, K. Umehara, K. K. Yadav, A. Paizis, John L. Quinn, L. Pogosyan, C. Farnier, William J. Potter, Domenico Impiombato, Tadashi Kifune, Jonathan Granot, Gernot Maier, M. Cieślar, S. Palanque, G.W. Fraser, J. Prast, R. Bose, Heidi Sandaker, G. Lamanna, Dusan Mandat, J.F. Glicenstein, J. Harris, D. Naumann, J. Ziolkowski, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, J. Kocot, W. Lustermann, Sabine Elles, J. Schmoll, L. Gérard, M. López, Norita Kawanaka, V. Gika, B. Lieunard, A. Pichel, Martin Pohl, Mariusz Sterzel, S. Vincent, Paolo De Coppi, J. Lande, O. Blanch Bigas, Gianluca Giavitto, Yusuke Konno, Julian Sitarek, M. Panter, P.-O. Petrucci, F. Henault, M. Prouza, Philip Kaaret, Josep Colomé, Luciano Nicastro, German Martinez, L. Gebremedhin, J. M. Yebras, Apostolos Mastichiadis, A. S. Madhavan, Thomas J. Maccarone, K. Berger, R. Buehler, P. Jean, N. Sartore, F. Toussenel, Aris Karastergiou, W. Kluźniak, A. Djannati-Ataï, S. J. Fegan, Louis Antonelli, A. González Muñoz, J. Berdugo, S. S. Upadhya, M. Sidz, F. Mottez, Patrick Vogler, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, B. Sacco, L. Chiappetti, J. Dumm, R. Firpo Curcoll, David Gascon, V. Boccone, J. Krause, J. P. Avernet, B. Peyaud, B. De Lotto, Ana Babić, T. O. B. Schmidt, I. M. McHardy, T. Schweizer, S. P. Wakely, Daniel Gall, Frank M. Rieger, E. 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A., Ong, R., Orito, M., Orr, J., Osborne, M., Ostrowski, L. A., Otero, N., Otte, E., Ovcharov, I., Oya, A., Ozieblo, L., Padilla, S., Paiano, D., Paillot, A., Paizi, S., Palanque, M., Palatka, J., Pallota, K., Panagiotidi, D., Paneque, M., Panter, R., Paoletti, A., Papayanni, G., Papyan, J. M., Parede, G., Pareschi, G., Park, D., Parson, M. P., Arriba, M., Pech, G., Pedaletti, V., Pelassa, D., Pelat, M. D., C., M., Persic, P. . ., O., B., Peyaud, A., Pichel, S., Pita, F., Pizzolato, L., Plato, R., Platzer, L., Pogosyan, M., Pohl, G., Pojmanski, J. D., Ponz, W., Potter, J., Poutanen, E., Prandini, J., Prast, R., Preece, F., Profeti, H., Prokoph, M., Prouza, M., Proyetti, I., Puerto Gimenez, G., Puehlhofer, I., Puljak, M., Punch, R., Pyziol, E. J., Quel, J., Quinn, A., Quirrenbach, E., Racero, P. J., Rajda, P., Ramon, R., Rando, R. C., Rannot, M., Rataj, M., Raue, P., Reardon, O., Reimann, A., Reimer, O., Reimer, K., Reitberger, M., Renaud, S., Renner, B., Reville, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, M., Ribordy, M. G., Richer, J., Rico, J., Ridky, F., Rieger, P., Ringegni, J., Ripken, P. R., Ristori, A., Riviere, S., Rivoire, L., Rob, U., Roeser, R., Rohlf, G., Roja, P., Romano, W., Romaszkan, G. E., Romero, S., Rosen, S. R., Lee, D., Ro, G., Rouaix, J., Rousselle, S., Rousselle, A. C., Rovero, F., Roy, S., Royer, B., Rudak, C., Rulten, M., Rupinski, F., Russo, F., Ryde, B., Sacco, E. O., Saemann, A., Saggion, V., Safiakian, K., Saito, T., Saito, Y., Saito, N., Sakaki, R., Sakonaka, A., Salini, F., Sanchez, M., Sanchez Conde, A., Sandoval, H., Sandaker, E., Sant'Ambrogio, A., Santangelo, E. M., Santo, A., Sanuy, L., Sapozhnikov, S., Sarkar, N., Sartore, H., Sasaki, K., Satalecka, M., Sawada, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, M., Scarcioffolo, J., Schafer, T., Schanz, S., Schlenstedt, R., Schlickeiser, T., Schmidt, J., Schmoll, P., Schovanek, M., Schroedter, C., Schultz, J., Schultze, A., Schulz, K., Schure, T., Schwab, U., Schwanke, J., Schwarz, S., Schwarzburg, T., Schweizer, S., Schwemmer, A., Segreto, G. H., Sembroski, K., Seweryn, M., Sharma, M., Shayduk, R. C., Shellard, J., Shi, T., Shibata, A., Shibuya, E., Shum, L., Sidoli, M., Sidz, J., Sieiro, M., Sikora, J., Silk, A., Sillanpaa, B. B., Singh, J., Sitarek, C., Skole, R., Smareglia, A., Smith, D., Smith, J., Smith, N., Smith, D., Sobczynska, H., Sol, G., Sottile, M., Sowinski, F., Spanier, D., Spiga, S., Spyrou, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, R., Starling, L., Stawarz, R., Steenkamp, C., Stegmann, S., Steiner, N., Stergioula, R., Sternberger, M., Sterzel, F., Stinzing, M., Stodulski, U., Straumann, E., Strazzeri, L., Stringhetti, A., Suarez, M., Suchenek, R., Sugawara, K. . ., H., S., Sun, A. D., Supanitsky, T., Suric, P., Sutcliffe, J., Syke, M., Szanecki, T., Szepieniec, A., Szostek, G., Tagliaferri, H., Tajima, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, L., Takalo, H., Takami, C., Talbot, J., Tammi, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, J., Tasan, M., Tavani, L. A., Tejedor, I., Telezhinsky, P., Temnikov, C., Tenzer, Y., Terada, R., Terrier, M., Teshima, V., Testa, D., Tezier, D., Thuermann, L., Tibaldo, O., Tibolla, A., Tiengo, M., Tluczykont, C. J., Todero, F., Tokanai, M., Tokarz, K., Toma, K., Torii, M., Tornikoski, D. F., Torre, M., Torre, G., Tosti, T., Totani, C., Toussenel, G., Tovmassian, P., Travnicek, M., Trifoglio, I., Troyano, K., Tsingano, H., Ueno, K., Umehara, S. S., Upadhya, T., Usher, M., Uslenghi, J. F., Valdes Galicia, P., Vallania, G., Vallejo, W. v., Driel, C. v., Eldik, J., Vandenbrouke, J., Vanderwalt, H., Vankov, G., Vasileiadi, V., Vassiliev, D., Veberic, I., Vega, S., Vercellone, S., Vergani, C., Veyssiere, J. P., Vialle, A., Viana, M., Videla, P., Vincent, S., Vincent, J., Vink, N., Vlahaki, L., Vlaho, P., Vogler, A., Vollhardt, H. . ., P., S., Vorobiov, C., Vuerli, V., Waegebaert, R., Wagner, R. G., Wagner, S., Wagner, S. P., Wakely, R., Walter, T., Walther, K., Warda, R., Warwick, P., Wawer, R., Wawrzaszek, N., Webb, P., Wegner, A., Weinstein, Q., Weitzel, R., Welsing, M., Werner, H., Wetteskind, R., White, A., Wierzcholska, S., Wiesand, M., Wilkinson, D. A., William, R., Willingale, K., Winiarski, R., Wischnewski, L., Wisniewski, M., Wood, A., Woernlein, Q., Xiong, K. K., Yadav, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, R., Yamazaki, S., Yanagita, J. M., Yebra, D., Yelo, A., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, V., Zabalza, M., Zacharia, A., Zajczyk, R., Zanin, A., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zhao, X., Zhou, K., Zietara, J., Ziolkowski, P., Ziolkowski, V., Zitelli, C., Zurbach, P., Zychowski, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CTA, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Físicas, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, TeV GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY, Observatory, Air showers, HESS, Cherenkov Telescopes, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, MISSION, SUPERNOVA REMNANT W44, TELESCOPE, ASTRONOMY, EMISSION, Physics, ta213, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, TeV gamma-ray astronomy, ddc:540, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Air shower, AIR SHOWERS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 0103 physical sciences, Preparatory phase, ta115, TeV gamma-ray astronomy Air showers Cherenkov Telescopes, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CHERENKOV TELESCOPES, Física, Astronomy, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Design study, Telecommunications, business
Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project., La lista completa de autores puede consultarse en el documento o en la página web de la revista., Facultad de Ingeniería

Published
2013

18. HESS and Fermi-LAT discovery of gamma-rays from the blazar 1ES 1312-423

Author

J. Biteau, Michael Punch, G. Fontaine, Mateusz Janiak, S. J. Fegan, M. Weidinger, Svenja Carrigan, E. Birsin, Gilles Henri, André Schulz, Christian Farnier, G. Lamanna, D. Goering, Dieter Horns, Anna Zajczyk, P. Wagner, K. Dutson, A. Woernlein, Emmanuel Moulin, F. Stinzing, B. Giebels, Alexandre Marcowith, C. L. Naumann, A. A. Zdziarski, M. J. Vorster, A. Jacholkowska, P. Willmann, Michal Dyrda, Thomas Lohse, G. Puehlhofer, T. Garrigoux, Christo Venter, J. Brucker, Gavin Rowell, Dirk Lennarz, R. de los Reyes, Denis Wouters, V. Sahakian, Christoph Deil, Jamie Stevens, M. K. Daniel, Elisabetta Bissaldi, T. Kneiske, J. S. Perkins, S. Haeffner, C. Jahn, U. F. Katz, R. Moderski, A. Zech, Vincent Marandon, D. Klochkov, S. Schwarzburg, H. J. Voelk, P. Espigat, C. Stegmann, Nu. Komin, K. Stycz, F. Schuessler, Tanya Edwards, Luke O'c. Drury, Andreas Quirrenbach, C. Couturier, M. Gajdus, Guillaume Dubus, J. F. Glicenstein, K. Bernloehr, Catherine Boisson, Stefan Ohm, I. Oya, Jacek Niemiec, M. Kieffer, S. Pita, M. Holler, Michael Zacharias, M. Dalton, A. Cheesebrough, Pierre Brun, J. Perez, Philip G. Edwards, Olaf Reimer, S. Schwemmer, Jan Conrad, Matthias Kadler, N. Maxted, Manuel Meyer, J. Dyks, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, A. Reimer, Fabio Acero, Andrea Santangelo, Francois Brun, M. Chrétien, L. Rob, A. Fiasson, D. Fernandez, Matteo Cerruti, M. Panter, M. de Naurois, G. Maurin, Thomas Murach, U. Menzler, F. Krayzel, S. Klepser, Anna Barnacka, B. Khélifi, Roopesh Ojha, G. Hermann, M. A. Kastendieck, Regis Terrier, M. Tluczykont, G. Vasileiadis, M. V. Fernandes, M. Paz Arribas, Francesca Volpe, C. Trichard, M. Fuessling, Werner Hofmann, Michał Ostrowski, P. P. Krueger, F. Feinstein, G. Cologna, C. van Eldik, Jim Hinton, Andreas Hillert, J. D. Hague, M. C. Medina, Y. A. Gallant, H.-S. Zechlin, Felix Jankowsky, Peter Eger, Ullrich Schwanke, C-C Lu, A. Djannati-Ataï, L. Oakes, Henning Gast, M. Renaud, Martin Raue, A. G. Akhperjanian, O. Hervet, R. Steenkamp, I. D. Davids, Iurii Sushch, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosier-Lees, P. deWilt, K. Katarzyński, Marek Jamrozy, M. Mohamed, Helene Sol, J. Harris, Sabrina Casanova, Karl Kosack, Frank M. Rieger, J. Mehault, F. Spiess, S. Raab, A. Abramowski, J.-P. Tavernet, W. Kluzniak, T. J. L. McComb, P-O. Petrucci, B. Peyaud, R. White, S. Colafrancesco, I. Jung, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, P. M. Chadwick, B. Degrange, Marianne Lemoine-Goumard, R. Chalme-Calvet, R. C. G. Chaves, Yvonne Becherini, Anna Szostek, Petter Hofverberg, Aion Viana, B. Opitz, A. Foerster, E. O. Anguener, D. Kolitzus, G. Heinzelmann, J. Bolmont, Guy Pelletier, Alicja Wierzcholska, S. Kaufmann, M. H. Grondin, Helen Poon, A. Lopatin, J.-P. Lenain, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Pol Bordas, Hugh Dickinson, J. Becker Tjus, Daniel Sánchez, M. Grudzińska, N. W. Pekeur, Tomasz Bulik, G. Spengler, S. J. Nolan, Joachim Hahn, W. Domainko, A. Balzer, Stefan Wagner, Gisela Anton, M. Mayer, Cameron B Rulten, S. Balenderan, Felix Aharonian, H. Laffon, K. Valerius, Julien Lefaucheur, D. Nedbal, L. Stawarz, P. Vincent, S. Krakau, Martin Ward, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), FERMI, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), HESS, Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), 10103449 - Krüger, Petrus Paulus, 22050574 - Pekeur, Nicolette Whilna, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 12792322 - Vorster, Michael Johannes, 24922986 - Sushch, Iurii, 23909196 - Casanova, Sabrina, A., Abramowski, F., Acero, F., Aharonian, A. G., Akhperjanian, E., Anguener, G., Anton, S., Balenderan, A., Balzer, A., Barnacka, Y., Becherini, J. B., Tju, K., Bernloehr, E., Birsin, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, J., Biteau, C., Boisson, J., Bolmont, P., Borda, J., Brucker, F., Brun, P., Brun, T., Bulik, S., Carrigan, S., Casanova, M., Cerruti, P. M., Chadwick, R., Chalme Calvet, R. C., G., A., Cheesebrough, M., Chretien, S., Colafrancesco, G., Cologna, J., Conrad, C., Couturier, M., Dalton, M. K., Daniel, I. D., David, B., Degrange, C., Deil, P., Dewilt, H. J., Dickinson, A., Djannati Atai, W., Domainko, L. O., '., G., Dubu, K., Dutson, J., Dyk, M., Dyrda, T., Edward, K., Egbert, P., Eger, P., Espigat, C., Farnier, S., Fegan, F., Feinstein, M. V., Fernande, D., Fernandez, A., Fiasson, G., Fontaine, A., Foerster, M., Fuessling, M., Gajdu, Y. A., Gallant, T., Garrigoux, H., Gast, B., Giebel, J. F., Glicenstein, D., Goering, M. . ., H., M., Grudzinska, S., Haeffner, J. D., Hague, J., Hahn, J., Harri, G., Heinzelmann, G., Henri, G., Hermann, O., Hervet, A., Hillert, J. A., Hinton, W., Hofmann, P., Hofverberg, M., Holler, D., Horn, A., Jacholkowska, C., Jahn, M., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, F., Jankowsky, I., Jung, M. A., Kastendieck, K., Katarzynski, U., Katz, S., Kaufmann, B., Khelifi, M., Kieffer, S., Klepser, D., Klochkov, W., Kluzniak, T., Kneiske, D., Kolitzu, N., Komin, K., Kosack, S., Krakau, F., Krayzel, P. P., Krueger, H., Laffon, G., Lamanna, J., Lefaucheur, M., Lemoine Goumard, J. . ., P., D., Lennarz, T., Lohse, A., Lopatin, C. . ., C., V., Marandon, A., Marcowith, G., Maurin, N., Maxted, M., Mayer, T. J., L., M. C., Medina, J., Mehault, U., Menzler, M., Meyer, R., Moderski, M., Mohamed, E., Moulin, T., Murach, C. L., Naumann, M. d., Nauroi, D., Nedbal, J., Niemiec, S. J., Nolan, L., Oake, S., Ohm, E. d., Ona, B., Opitz, M., Ostrowski, I., Oya, M., Panter, R. D., Parson, M. P., Arriba, N. W., Pekeur, G., Pelletier, J., Perez, P. . ., O., B., Peyaud, S., Pita, H., Poon, G., Puehlhofer, M., Punch, A., Quirrenbach, S., Raab, M., Raue, A., Reimer, O., Reimer, M., Renaud, R. d., Lo, F., Rieger, L., Rob, S., Rosier Lee, G., Rowell, B., Rudak, C. B., Rulten, V., Sahakian, D. A., Sanchez, A., Santangelo, R., Schlickeiser, F., Schuessler, A., Schulz, U., Schwanke, S., Schwarzburg, S., Schwemmer, H., Sol, G., Spengler, F., Spie, L., Stawarz, R., Steenkamp, C., Stegmann, F., Stinzing, K., Stycz, I., Sushch, A., Szostek, R., Terrier, M., Tluczykont, C., Trichard, K., Valeriu, C. v., Eldik, G., Vasileiadi, C., Venter, A., Viana, P., Vincent, H. J., Voelk, F., Volpe, M., Vorster, S. J., Wagner, P., Wagner, M., Ward, M., Weidinger, R., White, A., Wierzcholska, P., Willmann, A., Woernlein, D., Wouter, M., Zacharia, A., Zajczyk, A. A., Zdziarski, A., Zech, H. . ., S., J. S., Perkin, R., Ojha, J., Steven, P. G., Edward, and M., Kadler

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], gamma-rays: galaxies, Radio galaxy, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 1312-423, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Centaurus A, galaxies: active, jets [galaxies], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, galaxies: jets, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, individual: 1ES 1312-423 [BL Lacertae objects], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Crab Nebula, galaxies [gamma-rays], jet [galaxies], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, individual: 1ES 1312–423 [BL Lacertae objects], active [galaxies], ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Bl Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 1312-423, Galaxies: active, Galaxies: jets, Gamma-rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

A deep observation campaign carried out by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) on Centaurus A enabled the discovery of gamma rays from the blazar 1ES 1312-423, two degrees away from the radio galaxy. With a differential flux at 1 TeV of (1.9 +/-0.6(stat) +/-0.4(sys)) x 10^{-13} /cm^2 /s /TeV corresponding to 0.5% of the Crab nebula differential flux and a spectral index of 2.9 +/- 0.5 (stat) +/- 0.2 (sys), 1ES 1312-423 is one of the faintest sources ever detected in the very high energy (E>100 GeV) extragalactic sky. A careful analysis using three and a half years of Fermi-LAT data allows the discovery at high energies (E>100 MeV) of a hard spectrum (index of 1.4 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (sys)) source coincident with 1ES 1312-423. Radio, optical, UV and X-ray observations complete the spectral energy distribution of this blazar, now covering 16 decades in energy. The emission is successfully fitted with a synchrotron self Compton model for the non-thermal component, combined with a black-body spectrum for the optical emission from the host galaxy., 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted in MNRAS

Published
2013

19. Multidimensional simulations of magnetic field amplification and electron acceleration to near-energy equipartition with ions by a mildly relativistic quasi-parallel plasma collision

Author

Luke O'c. Drury, G. C. Murphy, and Mark E Dieckmann

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Field (physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma-ray-bursts, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Ion, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, symbols.namesake, law, PIC simulation, 0103 physical sciences, plasma shock, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Synchrotron, Physics - Plasma Physics, Shock (mechanics), Computational physics, Magnetic field, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Lorentz factor, symbols, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The energetic electromagnetic eruptions observed during the prompt phase of gamma-ray bursts are attributed to synchrotron emissions. The internal shocks moving through the ultrarelativistic jet, which is ejected by an imploding supermassive star, are the likely source of this radiation. Synchrotron emissions at the observed strength require the simultaneous presence of powerful magnetic fields and highly relativistic electrons. We explore with one and three-dimensional relativistic particle-in-cell simulations the transition layer of a shock, that evolves out of the collision of two plasma clouds at a speed 0.9c and in the presence of a quasi-parallel magnetic field. The cloud densities vary by a factor of 10. The number densities of ions and electrons in each cloud, which have the mass ratio 250, are equal. The peak Lorentz factor of the electrons is determined in the 1D simulation, as well as the orientation and the strength of the magnetic field at the boundary of the two colliding clouds. The relativistic masses of the electrons and ions close to the shock transition layer are comparable as in previous work. The 3D simulation shows rapid and strong plasma filamentation behind the transient precursor. The magnetic field component orthogonal to the initial field direction is amplified in both simulations to values that exceed those expected from the shock compression by over an order of magnitude. The forming shock is quasi-perpendicular due to this amplification. The simultaneous presence of highly relativistic electrons and strong magnetic fields will give rise to significant synchrotron emissions., 8 pages, 5 figures. This work was presented at 21st International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Plasmas (ICNSP'09). Accepted for publication IEEE Trans. on Plasma Science

Published
2010

20. Erratum to 'Observations of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy by the HESS experiment and search for a dark matter signal' [Astropart. Phys. 29(1) (2008) 55--62]

Author

R. Schröder, C. van Eldik, D. Nedbal, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, M. Holleran, S. M. Rayner, J. P. Vialle, G. Coignet, Seb. Funk, S. Schlenker, Conor Masterson, Michael Punch, J. L. Osborne, F. Feinstein, M. Lemoine-Goumard, D. Hauser, M. Beilicke, M. Panter, Luigi Costamante, A. Djannati-Ataï, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Wystan Benbow, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, Heinrich J. Völk, C. Stegmann, A. Shalchi, Rolf Bühler, P. H. Tam, I. Büsching, Kathrin Egberts, S. Schwarzburg, Felix Spanier, B. Degrange, Christian Farnier, Ullrich Schwanke, V. Sahakian, P. Vincent, L. Rolland, T. J. L. McComb, Alexandre Marcowith, O. C. de Jager, P. Espigat, Dieter Horns, Y. A. Gallant, Hugh Dickinson, T. Boutelier, A. Fiasson, C. Boisson, Martin Ward, Eric Nuss, A. G. Akhperjanian, Eckhard Kendziorra, S. Ranchon, M. Vivier, Gilles Henri, D. Spangler, David Berge, Stefan Wagner, Gerd Pühlhofer, C. Hadjichristidis, O. Martineau-Huynh, J.-P. Tavernet, R. Steenkamp, Felix Aharonian, P. M. Chadwick, Ilana M. Braun, Thomas Lohse, A. Lemiere, S. Pita, Guillaume Dubus, M. de Naurois, Helene Sol, M. Tluczykont, Svenja Carrigan, Guillaume Maurin, J. Ripken, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, P.-O. Petrucci, L. Saugé, Werner Hofmann, Karl Kosack, I. J. Latham, G. Pelletier, J.-P. Olive, L.-M. Chounet, Stefan Funk, B. Giebels, S. Schwemmer, V. Borrel, Andrea Santangelo, Christo Venter, P. Goret, Luke O'c. Drury, B. C. Raubenheimer, E. Ferrero, Martin Raue, M. Füßling, Gavin Rowell, A. Hoffmann, G. Lamanna, B. Glück, A. Jacholkowska, A. M. Brown, E. Brion, J. F. Glicenstein, G. Fontaine, L. Rob, S. Hoppe, R. Le Gallou, M. Kerschhaggl, G. Vasileiadis, G. Heinzelmann, S. J. Nolan, J. M. Martin, M. Hauser, Nu. Komin, O. Bolz, Konrad Bernlöhr, G. Superina, Jim Hinton, K. J. Orford, R. Cornils, S. Rosier-Lees, E. Moulin, A. Noutsos, Faure, Alexandre, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Yerevan Physics Institute, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], CERN [Genève], Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), Landessternwarte Königstuhl (LSW), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Humboldt University Of Berlin, Dr. Karl Remeis-Sternwarte, Astronomisches Institut, Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University (IPNP), University of Adelaide, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, and University of Namibia

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Milky Way, Dark matter, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Dwarf spheroidal galaxy, Dark matter halo, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Sagittarius, Galaxy rotation curve, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Dwarf galaxy
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

21. Particle-in-cell simulation of a mildly relativistic collision of an electron-ion plasma carrying a quasi-parallel magnetic field: Electron acceleration and magnetic field amplification at supernova shocks

Author

Luke O'c. Drury, Athina Meli, G. C. Murphy, and Mark E Dieckmann

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Shock wave, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Relativistic particle, Magnetic field, Computational physics, Alfvén wave, Particle acceleration, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetic cloud, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

Plasma processes close to SNR shocks result in the amplification of magnetic fields and in the acceleration of electrons, injecting them into the diffusive acceleration mechanism. The acceleration of electrons and the B field amplification by the collision of two plasma clouds, each consisting of electrons and ions, at a speed of 0.5c is investigated. A quasi-parallel guiding magnetic field, a cloud density ratio of 10 and a plasma temperature of 25 keV are considered. A quasi-planar shock forms at the front of the dense plasma cloud. It is mediated by a circularly left-hand polarized electromagnetic wave with an electric field component along the guiding magnetic field. Its propagation direction is close to that of the guiding field and orthogonal to the collision boundary. It has a low frequency and a wavelength that equals several times the ion inertial length, which would be indicative of a dispersive Alfven wave close to the ion cyclotron resonance frequency of the left-handed mode (ion whistler), provided that the frequency is appropriate. However, it moves with the super-alfvenic plasma collision speed, suggesting that it is an Alfven precursor or a nonlinear MHD wave such as a Short Large-Amplitude Magnetic Structure (SLAMS). The growth of the magnetic amplitude of this wave to values well in excess of those of the quasi-parallel guiding field and of the filamentation modes results in a quasi-perpendicular shock. We present evidence for the instability of this mode to a four wave interaction. The waves developing upstream of the dense cloud give rise to electron acceleration ahead of the collision boundary. Energy equipartition between the ions and the electrons is established at the shock and the electrons are accelerated to relativistic speeds., 16 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication by Astron & Astrophys

Published
2009

22. Cosmic Rays in Supernova Remnants and the Galaxy

Author

Luke O’C. Drury, Gang Li, Qiang Hu, Olga Verkhoglyadova, Gary P. Zank, R. P. Lin, and J. Luhmann

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Astrophysics, Near-Earth supernova, Galaxy, Particle acceleration, Supernova, Milagro, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Stereoscopic System, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Radio synchrotron observations have long shown that electrons are accelerated to mildly relativistic energies in supernova remnants, but only in the last few years has it been conclusively demonstrated that particle acceleration in supernova remnants can reach energies of at least 1014 eV. The key observation here has been the detection of a number of young supernova remnants at TeV energies by the HESS (High Energy Stereoscopic System) collaboration. There is however still debate as to whether the dominant signal comes from electrons or protons. The current observational and theoretical situation will be discussed. Some surprising recent observations by the MILAGRO consortium are also discussed.

Published
2008

23. The puzzling MILAGRO hot spots

Author

Luke O'c. Drury and Felix Aharonian

Subjects
Physics, Magnetic trap, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milagro, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Secondary neutron
Abstract

We discuss the reported detection by the MILAGRO experiment of localised hot spots in the cosmic ray arrival distribution and the difficulty of interpreting these observations. A model based on secondary neutron production in the heliotail is shown to fail. An alternative model based on loss-cone leakage through a magnetic trap from a local source region is proposed., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle physics - reformatted to use journal style and with some minor changes at the request of the referee

Published
2008
Full Text
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24. Publisher’s Note: HESS Observations of the Galactic Center Region and Their Possible Dark Matter Interpretation [Phys. Rev. Lett.97, 221102 (2006)]

Author

R. Cornils, Olaf Reimer, M. de Naurois, O. C. de Jager, G. Heinzelmann, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Jean Michel Martin, O. Bolz, M. Ouchrif, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, C. Boisson, Anne Lemiere, C. Hadjichristidis, Guillaume Dubus, Y. A. Gallant, Michael Punch, A. Noutsos, A. Fiasson, E. Ferrero, M. Holleran, L. Rob, Pascal Vincent, Christo Venter, P. M. Chadwick, D. Hauser, R. Le Gallou, S. Schlenker, Heinrich J. Völk, G. Vasileiadis, B. C. Raubenheimer, T. J. L. McComb, Thomas Lohse, Felix Spanier, Seb. Funk, M. Panter, Werner Hofmann, C. van Eldik, L. Rolland, Gerard Fontaine, Felix Aharonian, D. Berge, D. Spangler, Ullrich Schwanke, S. M. Rayner, F. Breitling, Wystan Benbow, A. Djannati-Ataï, M. Tluczykont, J.-P. Tavernet, Dieter Horns, Konrad Bernlöhr, G. Pelletier, G. Superina, Martin Raue, Luigi Costamante, D. Nedbal, A. G. Akhperjanian, S. J. Nolan, G. Pühlhofer, Riaan Steenkamp, B. Degrange, C. G. Théoret, A. Reimer, I. Büsching, J. L. Osborne, Joachim Ripken, V. Borrel, V. Sahakian, Helene Sol, Karl Kosack, S. Pita, Martin Ward, Nu. Komin, A. Jacholkowska, P. Goret, Ilana M. Braun, A. M. Brown, Luke O'c. Drury, M. Hauser, Svenja Carrigan, I. J. Latham, L. Saugé, Stefan Funk, M. Lemoine-Goumard, L.-M. Chounet, A. Marcowith, Olivier Martineau-Huynh, K. Egberts, Jim Hinton, K. J. Orford, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, Gilles Henri, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, Conor Masterson, Reinhard Schlickeiser, F. Feinstein, Hugh Dickinson, A. Konopelko, B. Giebels, Rolf Bühler, J. F. Glicenstein, Gavin Rowell, Matthias Beilicke, P. Espigat, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Galactic Center, Dark matter, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Gamma-ray burst, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Interpretation (model theory)
Abstract

International audience; Not Available

Published
2006

26. HESS observations of the galactic center region and their possible dark matter interpretation

Author

J.F. Glicenstein, L. Costamante, Nu. Komin, A. Djannati-Ataï, P. M. Chadwick, P. Goret, Luke O'c. Drury, A. Noutsos, M. Hauser, O. Bolz, M. de Naurois, A. Konopelko, Catherine Boisson, Wystan Benbow, Michael Punch, L. Rolland, Konrad Bernlöhr, G. Superina, Y. A. Gallant, C. van Eldik, J. L. Osborne, F. Feinstein, V. Borrel, P. Espigat, D. Hauser, M. Beilicke, Werner Hofmann, G. Pelletier, M. Holleran, A. Reimer, S. Schlenker, M. Ouchrif, L.-M. Chounet, S. J. Nolan, S. Pita, R. Cornils, F. Breitling, Dieter Horns, A. Marcowith, I. Büsching, Christo Venter, G. Heinzelmann, Gilles Henri, M. Tluczykont, D. Spangler, C. Stegmann, J. Ripken, L. Saugé, Olaf Reimer, R. Steenkamp, Stefan Funk, Kathrin Egberts, Svenja Carrigan, M. Raue, B. Degrange, Olivier Martineau-Huynh, E. Ferrero, Jean Michel Martin, Anne Lemiere, S. M. Rayner, M. Lemoine-Goumard, G. Vasileiadis, David Berge, A. Jacholkowska, B. Giebels, I. J. Latham, O. C. de Jager, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Ilana M. Braun, Hugh Dickinson, Gerd Pühlhofer, U. Schwanke, Thomas Lohse, M. Panter, B. Khélifi, Stefan Wagner, Regis Terrier, Felix Spanier, B. C. Raubenheimer, German Hermann, Jim Hinton, L. Rob, J.-P. Tavernet, C. Hadjichristidis, Guillaume Dubus, K. J. Orford, G. Fontaine, V. Sahakian, Rolf Bühler, Heinrich J. Völk, A. Fiasson, Gavin Rowell, R. Le Gallou, C. Masterson, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, A. G. Akhperjanian, C. G. Théoret, Seb. Funk, A. M. Brown, Helene Sol, Felix Aharonian, Karl Kosack, T. J. L. McComb, P. Vincent, Martin Ward, D. Nedbal, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), HESS, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Photon, Point source, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, 98.70.Rz, 95.35.+d, 95.85.Pw, 98.35.Jk, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Galactic Center, Gamma ray, Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

The detection of gamma-rays from the source HESS J1745-290 in the Galactic Center (GC) region with the H.E.S.S. array of Cherenkov telescopes in 2004 is presented. After subtraction of the diffuse gamma-ray emission from the GC ridge, the source is compatible with a point-source with spatial extent less than 1.2'(stat.) (95% CL). The measured energy spectrum above 160 GeV is compatible with a power-law with photon index of 2.25 +/- 0.04(stat.) +/- 0.10 (syst.) and no significant flux variation is detected. These measurements are discussed in the framework of dark matter annihilation. It is found that the bulk of the VHE emission must have non-dark-matter origin. Loose constraints on the velocity-weighted annihilation cross section are derived assuming the presence of an astrophysical non-dark-matter gamma-ray contribution., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, published in Physical Review Letters Correct some references The accepted version set on astro-ph was slightly too long for publication. This is a slightly shorter version

Published
2005

27. Cosmic Ray Acceleration in Supernova Remnants

Author

Luke O’C Drury

Subjects
Shock wave, Physics, Acceleration, Supernova, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysical plasma, Plasma, Astrophysics, Supernova remnant, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Magnetic field
Abstract

This paper describes some recent developments in our understanding of cosmic ray acceleration in supernova remnant shocks. It is pointed out that while good agreement now exists as to steady nonlinear modifications to the shock structure, there is also growing evidence that the mesoscopic scales may not in fact be steady and that significant instabilities associated with magnetic field amplification may be a feature of strong collisionless plasma shocks. There is strong observational evidence for such magnetic field amplification, and it appears to solve a number of long‐standing issues concerned with acceleration of cosmic rays in supernova remnants.

Published
2005

28. Particle Acceleration in Astrophysics

Author

Luke O’C Drury

Subjects
Shock wave, Physics, Particle acceleration, Acceleration, Classical mechanics, Heuristic, General problem, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Context (language use), Fermi acceleration, Shock (mechanics)
Abstract

The general problem of particle acceleration is considered in the Astronomical and Astrophysical context. Recent developments in Fermi acceleration theory, usually called diffusive shock acceleration, are explained in a physically motivated and heuristic fashion.

Published
2001

29. Cosmic Rays in the Galaxy

Author

Luke O’C Drury

Subjects
Physics, PAMELA detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics::Physics Education, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy, law.invention, law, Cosmic infrared background, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

This article is a short introductory survey of some aspects of Galactic Cosmic Ray Astrophysics.

Published
2001

30. Cosmic Rays from Supernova Remnants: A Brief Description of the Shock Acceleration of Gas and Dust

Author

Jean-Paul Meyer, Luke O'c. Drury, and Donald C. Ellison

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Spectral line, Shock (mechanics), Interstellar medium, Acceleration, Supernova, Nucleosynthesis, Supernova remnant, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We summarize our model of galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) origin and acceleration, wherein a mixture of interstellar and/or circumstellar gas and dust is accelerated by a supernova remnant (SNR) blast wave. A detailed analysis of observed GCR abundances (Meyer et al, 1997), combined with the knowledge that many refractory elements known to be locked in grains in the interstellar medium (ISM) are abundant in cosmic rays, has lead us to revive an old suggestion (Epstein, 1980) that charged dust grains can be shock accelerated. Here, we outline results (presented more completely in Ellison et al., 1997) from a nonlinear shock model which includes (i) the direct acceleration of interstellar gas-phase ions, (ii) a simplified model for the direct acceleration of weakly charged grains to ∼ 100 keV amu-1 energies, simultaneously with the acceleration of the gas ions, (iii) the energy losses of grains colliding with the ambient gas, (iv) the sputtering of grains, and (v) the simultaneous acceleration of the sputtered ions to TeV energies. We show that the model produces GCR source abundance enhancements of the volatile, gas-phase elements, which are an increasing function of mass, as well as a net, mass independent, enhancement of the refractory, grain elements over protons, consistent with cosmic-ray observations. The GCR 22Ne and C excesses may also be accounted for in terms of the acceleration of 22Ne-C-enriched pre-SN Wolf-Rayet star wind material surrounding the most massive supernovae. The O excess seen in cosmic rays probably cannot be interpreted in terms of W-R star nucleosynthesis, but is easily accounted for in our model since 15 to 20% of O is trapped in grain cores and this O will be preferentially accelerated. We have expanded the parameter range explored in Ellison et al. (1997) to lower shock speeds and higher maximum cosmic-ray energies and find similar fits to the H/He ratio and the cosmic-ray source spectra.

Published
1998

32. ACTINIDE AND ULTRA-HEAVY ABUNDANCES IN THE LOCAL GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS FROM THELDEFULTRA-HEAVY COSMIC-RAY EXPERIMENT

Author

A. Thompson, Luke O'c. Drury, V. Domingo, J. Donnelly, J. Daly, D. O'Sullivan, and K.-P. Wenzel

Subjects
Physics, Interstellar medium, Earth's orbit, Space and Planetary Science, Source material, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Small sample, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Actinide, Event (particle physics), Confidence interval
Abstract

The LDEF Ultra-Heavy Cosmic-Ray Experiment (UHCRE) detected Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) of charge Z ≥ 70 in Earth orbit with an exposure factor of 170 m2 sr yr, much larger than any other experiment. The major results include the first statistically significant uniform sample of GCR actinides with 35 events passing quality cuts, evidence for the existence of transuranic nuclei in the GCR with one 96Cm candidate event, and a low 82Pb/78Pt ratio consistent with other experiments. The probability of the existence of a transuranic component is estimated as 96%, while the most likely 92U/90Th ratio is found to be 0.4 within a wide 70% confidence interval ranging from 0 to 0.96. Overall, the results are consistent with a volatility-based acceleration bias and source material which is mainly ordinary interstellar medium material with some recent contamination by freshly synthesized material. Uncertainty in the key 92U/90Th ratio is dominated by statistical errors resulting from the small sample size and any improved determination will thus require an experiment with a substantially larger exposure factor than the UHCRE.

Published
2012

33. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of the expansion of a plasma into a rarefied medium

Author

Luke O'c. Drury, G. C. Murphy, Marco Borghesi, Anders Ynnerman, Kevin Quinn, Antoine Bret, Gianluca Sarri, Ioannis Kourakis, and Mark E Dieckmann

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Plasma Physics, Ionization, Jump, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Particle-in-cell, Fermion, Plasma, Mechanics, Electron, Atomic physics, Instability
Abstract

The expansion of a dense plasma through a more rarefied ionized medium has been studied by means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. The initial conditions involve a density jump by a ...

Published
2011

34. Two-dimensional PIC simulations of ion beam instabilities in Supernova-driven plasma flows

Author

Mark E Dieckmann, Athina Meli, Luke O'c. Drury, Padma Kant Shukla, and Apostolos Mastichiadis

Subjects
Physics, Shock (fluid dynamics), Ion beam, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Plasma, Astrophysics, Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic field, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Electric field, Magnetic pressure, Atomic physics, Supernova remnant
Abstract

Supernova remnant (SNR) blast shells can reach the flow speed $v_s = 0.1 c$ and shocks form at its front. Instabilities driven by shock-reflected ion beams heat the plasma in the foreshock, which may inject particles into diffusive acceleration. The ion beams can have the speed $v_b \approx v_s$. For $v_b \ll v_s$ the Buneman or upper-hybrid instabilities dominate, while for $v_b \gg v_s$ the filamentation and mixed modes grow faster. Here the relevant waves for $v_b \approx v_s$ are examined and how they interact nonlinearly with the particles. The collision of two plasma clouds at the speed $v_s$ is modelled with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, which convect with them magnetic fields oriented perpendicular to their flow velocity vector. One simulation models equally dense clouds and the other one uses a density ratio of 2. Both simulations show upper-hybrid waves that are planar over large spatial intervals and that accelerate electrons to $\sim$ 10 keV. The symmetric collision yields only short oscillatory wave pulses, while the asymmetric collision also produces large-scale electric fields, probably through a magnetic pressure gradient. The large-scale fields destroy the electron phase space holes and they accelerate the ions, which facilitates the formation of a precursor shock., Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

Published
2008

35. Still there

Author

Luke O'C. Drury

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Published
1995

36. On normal modes of gas sheets and discs

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, Classical mechanics, Space and Planetary Science, Normal mode, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mechanics, Gas dynamics
Published
1980

37. Compton Large Area Silicon Timing Tracker for Cosmic Vision M3

Author

E. Parizot, A. Creusot, W. Bertoli, W. Hermsen, Torsten Neubert, J. A. Zurita Heras, Neil Gehrels, Piotr Orleanski, Y.A. Gallant, J. M. Brom, Alexandre Marcowith, Isabel Caballero, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, D. Gotz, Frédéric Daigne, Tomasz Bulik, T. Pradier, Michel Tagger, C. Hamadache, Lucien Kuiper, U. Goerlach, Luke O'c. Drury, Søren Brandt, Jean-Louis Pinçon, A. M. Bykov, Olivier Limousin, V. Tatischeff, Philippe Laurent, F. Lebrun, R. Walter, Regis Terrier, M. Denis, Simona Soldi, Shin Watanabe, Volker Beckmann, J. Kiener, Carl Budtz-Jørgensen, C. Olivetto, N. de Séréville, Matthieu Renaud, Felix Aharonian, S. Schanne, Giovanni Lamanna, F. Mattana, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Cosmic Vision, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Antenna aperture, Polarimetry, Astronomy, 7. Clean energy, Particle acceleration, Nucleosynthesis, Sky, Orbit (dynamics), Sensitivity (control systems), media_common
Abstract

International audience; Proposed in response to the ESA call for the third Medium size mission (M3), CAPSiTT is a small mission designed for a 3-year survey of the non-thermal high energy sky from an equatorial LEO orbit. With a large effective area and a very wide field of view, its single instrument, a silicon tracker, provides good imaging, spectroscopic and polarimetric capabilities with a sensitivity 10-100 times better than COMPTEL. Nucleosynthesis and particle acceleration mechanisms in various sites are the main scientific topics addressed by CAPSiTT.

38. Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Author

K. Ziȩtara, A. Konopelko, J. Rico, Philippe Laporte, Tatsuo Yoshida, A. Etchegoyen, Dennis Haefner, C. Morello, L. Garrido, Philip Kaaret, T. Yamamoto, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, B. Sacco, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. Krähenbühl, N. Geffroy, I. M. McHardy, Toru Tanimori, A. Salini, F. Grañena, A. Liolios, A. C. Rovero, A. Mendes, Etienne Lyard, Juan Abel Barrio, Jürgen Schmoll, R. Dubois, A. N. Otte, J. Bolmont, S. Rivoire, K. Berger, A. Nikolaidis, J.-P. Ernenwein, A. Bobkov, D. Allan, C. Schultz, Masayuki Tanaka, G. Deleglise, Oliver Grimm, Ł. Płatos, O. Tibolla, M. Gochna, S. Schwarzburg, H. Arnaldi, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Valerie Connaughton, Adriano Fontana, D. Nedbal, P. Jean, Alejandro Ibarra, S. Spyrou, Gustavo E. Romero, Judith H. Croston, F. Feinstein, L. Tibaldo, M. Benallou, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, A. E. Szymkowiak, J.L. Van der Walt, Stefano Covino, Shigehiro Nagataki, G. Busetto, P. Nayman, G. Lamanna, William J. Potter, Tadashi Kifune, O. Corpace, M. Bourgeat, N. Webb, J. K. Becker, K. Hultquist, P. Majumdar, Anna Szostek, M. Compin, Petter Hofverberg, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, J. Ingjald, R. Kossakowski, A. Mangano, Kunihito Ioka, Jonathan Granot, S. Buson, P. Manigot, J. M. Paredes, M. Gómez Berisso, Massimiliano Belluso, A. Kretzschmann, M. Stodulski, L. Venter, Artemio Herrero, Nu. Komin, German Hermann, Dorota Sobczyńska, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Akira Okumura, Felix Spanier, Gareth Hughes, J. Carr, Antonio Stamerra, Norita Kawanaka, T. Shibata, R. C. Shellard, Dieter H. H. Hoffmann, B. Yoffo, T. Dettlaff, R. G. Talbot, L. Fresnillo, A. Manalaysay, I. Jung, Kohta Murase, Geza Gyuk, C. Farnier, J. C. Marin, Julian Sitarek, Francesco Dazzi, H. Ohka, C. Skole, C. Ghag, Patrick Vogler, M. Hauser, M. Cailles, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, J. Berdugo, Luke O'c. Drury, Naoto Sakaki, F. Köck, P. Sutcliffe, Luis Ángel Tejedor, Hugh Dickinson, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Ryoji Enomoto, Josep Colomé, Luigi Lessio, B. Peyaud, C. L. Naumann, Michael Punch, S. Rodriguez, Lucy Fortson, J. P. Osborne, J. Kotula, Piero Giubilato, J. Dyks, W. Kluźniak, T. Schweizer, M. Rataj, Allan Hallgren, Matthew Wood, David Gascon, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Daniela Hadasch, H. Castarede, P. Wawer, M. Kapala, J.-M. Reymond, A.A. Zdziarski, E. De Cea del Pozo, K. Farakos, D. Corti, A. St. J. Murphy, Mosè Mariotti, Kazutaka Yamaoka, T. C. Arlen, Christian Fruck, Francesco Russo, Stefano Gabici, T. Bernardino, B. Khélifi, B. Huber, T. Glanzman, J. Michałowski, Mark I. Wilkinson, M. Suchenek, Massimo Persic, I. Monteiro, M. I. Martínez, V. Sahakian, R. Firpo, Seth Digel, V. La Parola, F. Roy, Regis Terrier, E. Fokitis, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, D. Melkumyan, E. Edy, Stefano Basso, J. Knapp, Cameron B Rulten, A. Niedźwiecki, Karol Seweryn, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, B. Rudak, V. Scapin, R. Wischnewski, Ricardo Graciani, Gianluca Giavitto, Matthias Beilicke, K. Nakayama, Thomas Schanz, A. Sillanpää, G. Motta, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Elina Lindfors, Hannes Jensen, Henric Krawczynski, Catherine Boisson, C. Medina, Dinko Dimitrov, Karen Byrum, M. Shayduk, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, Richard White, Kazunori Kohri, I. Oya, T. Greenshaw, C. Olivetto, Tomasz Szepieniec, R. D. Parsons, Fuyuki Tokanai, Jerzy Grygorczuk, V. Scalzotto, S. Rosier-Lees, Dainis Dravins, Jacco Vink, Włodzimierz Piechocki, F. Stinzing, Felix Ryde, P. Ristori, N. A. McCubbin, M. Hayashida, Martin J. Hardcastle, G.W. Fraser, S. Paiano, S. Blake, U. Barres de Almeida, S. Federici, M. Corlier, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Łukasz Stawarz, Michael S. Briggs, Yvonne Becherini, Martin Pohl, Daniel Mazin, B. Decerprit, Yukikatsu Terada, J. F. Huppert, P. J. Rajda, Justin Vandenbroucke, S. Schlenstedt, S. Renner, Ł. Wiśniewski, Dieter Horns, T. B. Humensky, Takeshi Nakamori, Andreas Quirrenbach, Asdrúbal Enrique Bottani, P. Vallania, B. García, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Takashi Saito, Marcos Daniel Actis, Jacek Niemiec, W. Gäbele, C. van Eldik, Olaf Reimer, P. Corona, Robert D. Preece, C. Reimann, Pierre Brun, Thomas Bretz, R. Moderski, Eric Delagnes, Gilles Henri, W. Domainko, P. H. Tam, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. M. Chadwick, Fabrice Mottez, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, S. Sun, Victor Stamatescu, M. Bogdan, Felix Aharonian, Hajime Takami, M. Winde, Evgeni Ovcharov, M. Panter, Shohei Yanagita, T. Jogler, Thomas Kihm, P. Micolon, S. J. Nolan, David A. Williams, Joachim Hahn, Q. Xiong, Nikolaos Stergioulas, J. Gaweda, R. Mirzoyan, Nektarios Vlahakis, J. Becerra, N. Fouque, M. Ribordy, V. Vassiliev, Claes Fransson, R. L. C. Starling, J. M. Huet, J. Ruppel, J.-P. Lenain, Enrico Giro, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, A. Lopatin, Joseph Silk, J. Borkowski, P. Lubinski, T. Le Flour, R. Platzer, A. Di Paolo, Reiko Orito, O. C. de Jager, C. Eleftheriadis, A. Gonzalez, T. J. L. McComb, U. Schwanke, S. Brau-Nogue, Yutaka Ohira, Philipp Mertsch, Daniel Ferenc, Maria Concetta Maccarone, F. Gonzalez, V. Golev, Osvaldo Catalano, V. Bugaev, C. Clerc, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, L. Pogosyan, M. Renaud, G. Pivato, Sabine Elles, E. J. Quel, R. J. García López, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, H. Vankov, A. Le Padellec, Michele Doro, Saverio Lombardi, S. Pita, A. Wolczko, G. Disset, U. Roeser, Abraham D. Falcone, I. Telezhinsky, S. Artmann, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, Daniela Dorner, G. Fontaine, Wolfgang Rhode, C. Baixeras, K. Mori, H. Prokoph, Giancarlo Cusumano, J. L. Dournaux, F. Toussenel, C. Dufour, Ilana M. Braun, Riccardo Paoletti, A. R. Knappy, Sergio Billotta, F. Krennrich, S. Karkar, Anne M. Green, Takanori Yoshikoshi, I. de la Calle Perez, Masahiro Teshima, M. Janiak, C. Stegmann, H. Wetteskind, Marco Tavani, Kostas D. Kokkotas, C. Föhr, J. L. Panazol, S. Cantu, C. Tenzer, I. Vegas, M. Grudzińska, Elisabetta Bissaldi, S. Bajtlik, A. Jacholkowska, P. Małkiewicz, M. Ostrowski, Reshmi Mukherjee, Mario Meucci, Tarek M. Hassan, W. Bednarek, Rodolfo Canestrari, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, N. Karlsson, M. Tluczykont, A. E. Suárez, David Kieda, R. Steenkamp, Grzegorz Kowal, C. Gasq, Loukas Vlahos, Kathrin Egberts, K. Kosack, A. D. Supanitsky, Hernán Asorey, Adriano Ghedina, Frank M. Rieger, P. Zychowski, J. Bähr, P. Wegner, P. Ziółkowski, Shigeto Kabuki, G. Papyan, Dario Hrupec, P. T. O'Brien, Oscar Blanch, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Robert Wagner, Thomas Lohse, Susumu Inoue, U. Straumann, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, C. Maña, Matteo Cerruti, P. Antoranz, Ll. Font, R. Sugawara, M. Casiraghi, C. Kalkuhl, Subir Sarkar, Jelena Aleksić, Juan Cortina, J. Pallota, L. Brunetti, Petar Temnikov, Tomasz Bulik, L. O. Takalo, G. Vasileiadis, Riccardo Rando, J. H. Buckley, V. de Souza, Sera Markoff, G. Pareschi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, M. Tokarz, Manel Errando, David Fink, C. Barbier, Marek Sikora, J. P. Tavernet, Yasushi Fukazawa, Werner Hofmann, K. Takahashi, B. Wagner, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, L. Guglielmi, S. Royer, Rika Hagiwara, Nestor Mirabal, R. A. Cameron, R. Walter, G. De La Vega, Jim Hinton, Garret Cotter, M. Sofo Haro, Peter Walter, R. Gredig, S. Vorobiov, A. Bouvier, B. Lieunard, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Mauro Ghigo, John H. Seiradakis, Konrad Bernlöhr, M. de Naurois, A. Yoshida, F. Sánchez, K. Katarzyński, C. Veyssiere, Leszek Bogacz, B. Moal, A. Reimer, J. Koziol, Thomas J. Maccarone, G. Pojmanski, E. Carmona, C. Bauer, Andreu Sanuy, V. J. Guarino, Marc Ribó, Vincenzo Testa, H. Huan, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, C. Lavalley, M. Karczewski, G. Agnetta, Giovanni Bonanno, A. Zajczyk, C. Díaz, J. Kasperek, E. Lorenz, P. Vincent, K. Saito, S. Cazaux, S. Selmane, B. Kȩdziora, Y. A. Gallant, Serena Mattiazzo, Emilio Molinari, N. La Barbera, Hidetoshi Kubo, M. K. Daniel, Katsuaki Asano, Tanyu Bonev, A. Cillis, L. A. Otero, Gernot Maier, M. Cieślar, M. Ciesielska, Shuichi Gunji, E. Gianakaki, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, Apostolos Mastichiadis, S. P. Wakely, G. La Rosa, C. Boutonnet, V. Zitelli, I. Ochoa, M. Raue, E. Fillin-Martino, Ingomar Allekotte, J. P. Vialle, G. Vallejo, Ryo Yamazaki, C. Tchernin, Anna Barnacka, Andrea Santangelo, P. Ringegni, James Chiang, Aya Bamba, B. Giebels, A. Förster, Heide Costantini, N. Galante, R. S. Warwick, Michiko Ohishi, O. Reimann, Guillaume Dubus, K. Kodani, Olga Botner, Andreas Zech, Paolo De Coppi, Louis Antonelli, A. Pepato, A. De Angelis, M. Scarcioffolo, E. M. Santos, Christoph Deil, T. Bird, T. Kneiske, Daniele Spiga, B. Behera, Jürgen Knödlseder, L. Rob, G. Pedaletti, P. Munar, J.F. Glicenstein, Aris Karastergiou, A. Djannati-Ataï, B. Courty, R. A. Ong, J. Dick, Paolo Conconi, S. Giarrusso, G. Maneva, E. Salazar, A. Saggion, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, Markus Gaug, Gino Tosti, M. Á. Sánchez Conde, Abelardo Moralejo, Chad Finley, J. D. Ponz, Hideaki Katagiri, A. M. Lopez, G. Pühlhofer, M. Yonetani, Emmanuel Moulin, E. Aliu, R. Kankanyan, Hiroyasu Tajima, F. Mirabel, Jan Conrad, R. Sternberger, Diego F. Torres, P.H. Carton, P.-O. Petrucci, L. Sapozhnikov, A. Schulz, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, J. P. Finley, J. Boix, Volker Beckmann, S. Klepser, Jun Kakuwa, Dimitris Balis, Hironori Matsumoto, R. Welsing, Matthew R. Orr, Dominique Durand, O. Luz, Nina Nowak, J. M. Illa, A. Aravantinos, P. Romano, A. Oziȩbło, Alessandro Carosi, Keith Bechtol, Elisa Prandini, S. Cavazzani, A. Zagdański, Francesca Volpe, Helene Sol, Ryan Heller, S. Vercellone, A. Bonardi, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, Jürgen Barnstedt, Hiroshi Muraishi, Nathan Smith, D. Naumann, German Martinez, F.C. Antico, Kenji Toma, B. Cerruti, S. Couturier, R. Bühler, A. Gadola, F. Guilloux, M. Paz Arribas, F. Dubois, Victor Zabalza, A. G. Akhperjanian, Eckhard Kendziorra, Tomonori Totani, Universitat de Barcelona, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CTA, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), CTA Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), M., Acti, G., Agnetta, F., Aharonian, A., Akhperjanian, J., Aleksic, E., Aliu, D., Allan, I., Allekotte, F., Antico, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Aravantino, T., Arlen, H., Arnaldi, S., Artmann, K., Asano, H., Asorey, J., Baehr, A., Bai, C., Baixera, S., Bajtlik, D., Bali, A., Bamba, C., Barbier, M., Barcelo, A., Barnacka, J., Barnstedt, U. B., De, J. A., Barrio, S., Basso, D., Bastieri, C., Bauer, J., Becerra, Y., Becherini, K., Bechtol, J., Becker, V., Beckmann, W., Bednarek, B., Behera, M., Beilicke, M., Belluso, M., Benallou, W., Benbow, J., Berdugo, K., Berger, T., Bernardino, K., Bernloehr, A., Biland, S., Billotta, T., Bird, E., Birsin, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, S., Blake, O., Blanch, A. A., Bobkov, L., Bogacz, M., Bogdan, C., Boisson, J., Boix, J., Bolmont, G., Bonanno, A., Bonardi, T., Bonev, J., Borkowski, O., Botner, A., Bottani, M., Bourgeat, C., Boutonnet, A., Bouvier, S., Brau Nogue, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M. S., Brigg, P., Brun, L., Brunetti, H., Buckley, V., Bugaev, R., Buehler, T., Bulik, G., Busetto, S., Buson, K., Byrum, M., Caille, R., Cameron, R., Canestrari, S., Cantu, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, J., Carr, P. H., Carton, M., Casiraghi, H., Castarede, O., Catalano, S., Cavazzani, S., Cazaux, B., Cerruti, M., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, J., Chiang, M., Chikawa, M., Cieslar, M., Ciesielska, A., Cilli, C., Clerc, P., Colin, J., Colome, M., Compin, P., Conconi, V., Connaughton, J., Conrad, J. L., Contrera, P., Coppi, M., Corlier, P., Corona, O., Corpace, D., Corti, J., Cortina, H., Costantini, G., Cotter, B., Courty, S., Couturier, S., Covino, J., Croston, G., Cusumano, M. K., Daniel, F., Dazzi, A., Deangeli, E. d., Cea, E. M., De, O. d., Jager, I. d., La, G. D., La, B. D., Lotto, M. d., Nauroi, E. d., Ona, V. d., Souza, B., Decerprit, C., Deil, E., Delagne, G., Deleglise, C., Delgado, T., Dettlaff, A. D., Paolo, F. D., Pierro, C., Diaz, J., Dick, H., Dickinson, S. W., Digel, D., Dimitrov, G., Disset, A., Djannati Ata, M., Doert, W., Domainko, D., Dorner, M., Doro, J. . ., L., D., Dravin, L., Drury, F., Duboi, R., Duboi, G., Dubu, C., Dufour, D., Durand, J., Dyk, M., Dyrda, E., Edy, K., Egbert, C., Eleftheriadi, S., Elle, D., Emmanoulopoulo, R., Enomoto, J. . ., P., M., Errando, A., Etchegoyen, A. D., Falcone, K., Farako, C., Farnier, S., Federici, F., Feinstein, D., Ferenc, E., Fillin Martino, D., Fink, C., Finley, J. P., Finley, R., Firpo, D., Florin, C., Foehr, E., Fokiti, L., Font, G., Fontaine, A., Fontana, A., Foerster, L., Fortson, N., Fouque, C., Fransson, G. W., Fraser, L., Fresnillo, C., Fruck, Y., Fujita, Y., Fukazawa, S., Funk, W., Gaebele, S., Gabici, A., Gadola, N., Galante, Y., Gallant, B., Garcia, R. J., Garcia, D., Garrido, L., Garrido, D., Gascon, C., Gasq, M., Gaug, J., Gaweda, N., Geffroy, C., Ghag, A., Ghedina, M., Ghigo, E., Gianakaki, S., Giarrusso, G., Giavitto, B., Giebel, E., Giro, P., Giubilato, T., Glanzman, J. . ., F., M., Gochna, V., Golev, M. G., Berisso, A., Gonzalez, F., Gonzalez, F., Granena, R., Graciani, J., Granot, R., Gredig, A., Green, T., Greenshaw, O., Grimm, J., Grube, M., Grudzinska, J., Grygorczuk, V., Guarino, L., Guglielmi, F., Guilloux, S., Gunji, G., Gyuk, D., Hadasch, D., Haefner, R., Hagiwara, J., Hahn, A., Hallgren, S., Hara, M. J., Hardcastle, T., Hassan, T., Haubold, M., Hauser, M., Hayashida, R., Heller, G., Henri, G., Hermann, A., Herrero, J. A., Hinton, D., Hoffmann, W., Hofmann, P., Hofverberg, D., Horn, D., Hrupec, H., Huan, B., Huber, J. . ., M., G., Hughe, K., Hultquist, T. B., Humensky, A., Ibarra, J. M., Illa, J., Ingjald, S., Inoue, Y., Inoue, K., Ioka, C., Jablonski, A., Jacholkowska, M., Janiak, P., Jean, H., Jensen, T., Jogler, I., Jung, P., Kaaret, S., Kabuki, J., Kakuwa, C., Kalkuhl, R., Kankanyan, M., Kapala, A., Karastergiou, M., Karczewski, S., Karkar, N., Karlsson, J., Kasperek, H., Katagiri, K., Katarzynski, N., Kawanaka, B., Kedziora, E., Kendziorra, B., Khelifi, D., Kieda, T., Kifune, T., Kihm, S., Klepser, W., Kluzniak, J., Knapp, A. R., Knappy, T., Kneiske, J., Knoedlseder, F., Koeck, K., Kodani, K., Kohri, K., Kokkota, N., Komin, A., Konopelko, K., Kosack, R., Kossakowski, P., Kostka, J., Kotula, G., Kowal, J., Koziol, T., Kraehenbuehl, J., Krause, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, A., Kretzschmann, H., Kubo, V. A., Kudryavtsev, J., Kushida, N. L., Barbera, V. L., Parola, G. L., Rosa, A., Lopez, G., Lamanna, P., Laporte, C., Lavalley, T. L., Flour, A. 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Subjects
Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Astronómicas, IACT, next generation Cherenkov telescopes, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Design concepts, Ground based gamma ray astronomy, Observatory, Gamma ray astronomy, Instruments astronòmics, Ingeniería Aeronáutica, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Bursts, Radiation, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Particles, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Magic Telescope, design concepts, Electricidad, Simulation, GAMMA-RAY PULSARS, Optical-System, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, VHE Gamma ray, QUASAR, cosmic rays, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Partícules (Física nuclear), 0103 physical sciences, Astronomia de raigs gamma, 14. Life underwater, 1St Detection, Cherenkov radiation, Particles (Nuclear physics), Astroparticle physics, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy, Astronomical instruments, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cosmic-Rays, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Induced Air-Showers, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Next generation Cherenkov telescope, Tev, ground based gamma ray astronomy, Telescopes
Abstract

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo., Departamento de Aeronáutica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas

39. Solar Wind Phenomena: Collisionless Shocks in the Hellosphere: A Tutorial Review . Robert G. Stone and Bruce T. Tsurutani, Eds. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1985. viii, 115 pp., illus. $18. Geophysical Monograph 34.; Collisionless Shocks In the Heliosphere: Reviews of Current Research . Bruce T. Tsurutani and Robert G. Stone, Eds. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1985. vi, 303 pp., illus. $36. Geophysical Monograph 35

Author

Luke O'c. Drury

Subjects
Physics, Solar wind, Multidisciplinary, Astronomy, Current (fluid), Heliosphere
Published
1986

40. The gamma-ray source CG 353+16 - A supernova shock interacting with the cloud Rho Ophiuchi

Author

H. J. Voelk, Luke O'c. Drury, Giovanni F. Bignami, P. A. Caraveo, M. Forman, and Gregor E. Morfill

Subjects
Physics, Shock waves in astrophysics, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Near-Earth supernova, Shock (mechanics)
Published
1981

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