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Previously, we reported about the effectiveness of the EMOST (Electro-Magnetic-Own-Signal-Treatment) treatments in reduction of phantom limb pain as well as improvement of the quality of sleep and mood in subjects under clinical circumstances. We also presented the successful application of EMOST for mental stress management of humans under catastrophic conditions. Our some years experience indicated that the efficiency of EMOST is much greater in children than in adult subjects. In addition, in children much less treatment is needed for recovery compared to adult subjects, as well as the duration of the treatment is shorter. It is possible that this particular success is due to the large plasticity of the central and the autonomic nervous system in young patients. Thus, our research pays special attention regarding the EMOST effectiveness in the field of chronic childhood diseases. Here we report about results of routine alternative treatments carried out at Biolabor Biophysics and Laboratory Services Ltd. by EMOST device regarding to the elimination of chronic constipation and persistent diarrhea in the case of two children. We also briefly present two important possible biological mechanisms such as redox processes and the bidirectional communication between skin cells and the nervous system regarding the efficiency of low-frequency and low-intensity electromagnetic fields (LFI-EMF) treatments.

Here, we present various research results and thoughts with the intention of challenging notions about free choice. Namely, we describe the concept of transgenerational transmission of epigenetic information and discuss its non-conscious effects on cognitive abilities, behavioral and emotional patterns, and responses with regard to one's life and decisions, and the impact these have on the concept of free will. In addition, we discuss the essential role of unconscious mechanisms in human decision processes. We also show that twin loss in the womb can have a powerful lifelong impact on the surviving twin through non-conscious context-dependent epigenetic changes. Finally, we hypothesize that human explicit self-consciousness may be an active executer that intermediates between unconsciousness and the external environment by means of feedback and feed-forward interactions. This executive function makes it possible for self-consciousness to continuously develop in self-organized evolution.

We report an unusual case of juvenile ischaemic stroke syndrome associated with the A8344G mutation in tRNA(Lys) gene of mitochondrial DNA. The clinical phenotype of patient was typical for MELAS (mitochondrial ecephalomyapathy with lactate acidosis and stroke like episodes). The MELAS has been related to mutation A3243G in most cases, but some other mitochondrial DNA mutations were described in the background of this syndrome as well. A 22-years-old man and his family were investigated. Throughout clinical investigation as well as Doppler sonography, neuroradiological, and immunserological examinations were performed. Molecular studies included the analysis of the Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and the most common mitochondrial DNA mutations. The DNA analysis of the proband revealed a heteroplasmic A8344G substitution in the T-loop of the tRNALYS gene. The mutation could not been detected in her mother blood. We can conclude that A8344G mutation of the mitochondrial DNA resulted in juvenile ischemic stroke, which is associated only rarely to this genetic alteration. In young age onset of a stroke-like episode with undetermined etiology the mtDNA alterations always have to be excluded.

The authors described the operation technique of the spongiocavernosum shunt in connection with a successfully operated patient. In their case the Quackels procedure was applied with minor modifications, since the conservative one wasn't successful. Their patient is perfectly healthy functionally too. The etiologic factors could not be clarified.

The development of a large vaginal stone in a 25-year-old female, correlated with vesicovaginal fistula, is presented. The stone, composited of struvite and carbonate apatite, formed around non-absorbable surgical suturing material in urine with urease producing (P. mirabilis) bacterial infection. The stone was removed by simple lithotripsy technique. Attention is taken for the importance of stone prevention.

Epididymotomy was performed besides drug therapy in 61 patients suffering from acute epididymitis. Surgical intervention was indicated if the conservative therapy was not successful or the wall of the scrotum became fixed. Epididymotomy is carried out by longitudinal or multiple incision of the inflamed epididymis and by the drainage of the operative region. Significant advantage of the operation is the rapid recovery and the fact that the development of a not infrequently seen chronic epididymitis can be prevented by it. This not yet widely used method in Hungary is recommended for the treatment of the disease, on the basis of the favourable results of the postexaminations.

It is reported on the successful surgical therapy of a male pseudohermaphrodit. The transformation to a woman was made in two stages. In the first session castration and penile amputation were performed and in the second operation a vaginal reconstruction using a small bowel segment has been done.

The case of a 7-year-old boy is reported in whom the Schistosoma haematobium infection manifested as the clinical picture of metastasizing testicular tumour. The correct diagnosis was established by the postoperative pathohistological examination. No similar observations was found in the literature studied.

Twenty renal parenchyma operations of the left kidney were performed in venous hypothermia. The hypothermic solution was perfused via the spermatic (ovarian) vein, outflow occurred through the vessels opened by the incision. The effectiveness of venous hypothermia was measured by the probe of an electrical thermometre inserted into the renal tissue. The temperature of the cooled kidney became constant between 20 and 23 degrees C by using a perfusion solution of 4-5 degrees C. The method can be used for its simplicity and safety also in extensive renal parenchyma operations, its only limitation is that it can be performed only on the left kidney.